agra support to seed security in africasecurity in africa€¦ · agra support to seed ... mt 150...
TRANSCRIPT
AGRA Support to Seed Security in AfricaSecurity in Africa
Augustine LangyintuoAGRA NairobiAGRA-Nairobi
Presented at the FARNPAN Organized seed security Network. South Africa 20-21 May 2010
IntroductionIntroduction• Low crop productivity in Africa over the years
910
678
T/ha
)
345
Yiel
d (M
T
012
01980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004
Region
Southern Africa Eastern Africa Western AfricaEastern Asia Western Europe Australia
Challenge - climate change: - 0.4% p.a., frequent drought
Percent change in agricultural production due to climate change (Cline 2007)
Challenge: Limited fertilizer use intensity
45
50 Total consumption 1.3 Mil tons
30
35
40a
20
25
30
Kg/
ha
5
10
159 kg/ha
0
babw
eK
enya
Mal
awi
zila
nd
soth
o B
enin
hi
opia
ne
gal
swan
aIv
oire
M
ali
ambi
aTo
go
Fas
o er
oon
Nig
eria
ambi
a nz
ania
C
had
ritan
ia
Gha
na
biqu
e as
car
urun
di
uine
a w
anda
N
iger
ng
ola
gand
a D
RC
Zim
b K MSw
az Les B
Eth
Se Bot
sC
ote
d' Z
Bur
kina
Cam
e N Ga
Tan
Mau
r GM
ozam
Mad
ag Bu G Rw A Ug
Challenge: Limited use of improved maize cultivars (2006)Challenge: Limited use of improved maize cultivars (2006)
90%
s
70%
80%e c
ultiv
ars
40%
50%
60%
ed m
aize
20%
30%
40%
of im
prov
e
0%
10%
Use o
MaliGhan
a
Nigeria
Angol
aMoza
mbique
Tanza
nia
Ethiop
iaMala
wiUgan
da
Kenya
Zambia
Zimbab
we
Seed production and deployment environmentSeed production and deployment environment
Seed value chain
Establishing & running a seed Seed production
& processingSeed
marketingSeed
demandgcompany & processing marketing demand
Policies & regulations
Reasons for low use of improved varietiesp
• Company establishmentp y– High start-up investment cost– Lack of manpower and technical know-howp
• ProductionLimited access to suitable germplasm– Limited access to suitable germplasm
– Production infrastructureLi it d t d ti dit– Limited access to production credit
– Weak producer base
• Marketing and distribution constraints– Poor market infrastructure– Limited retail networks– Challenges related to use of intermediaries
• Seed policiesSeed policies– Weak internal seed laws and regulations– Import/export restrictionsImport/export restrictions– Lengthy variety release processes– Restrictions on access to public germplasmRestrictions on access to public germplasm
• Demand constraints - low adoption rates– Poor extension coverage– Poor output markets
AGRA’s Technical interventionsAGRA s Technical interventionsSeed
R&DSeed delivery
Training Breeders• M.Sc. & Ph.D.
fellowships
Breeding New Varieties• Farmer-
participatory
Seed Enterprises• Start-up grants • Business
Agro-dealer Networks• Business
Training• In-country
research on relevant topics
• Regulatory > Release > Promotion
Development Services
• Equity Funds
• Credit guarantees
• Private extension
The PASS Improved Seed Value ChainThe PASS Improved Seed Value Chain
AGRA-Funded M.Sc. & Ph.D. Fellowship Programs, 2009g
M S M SM.Sc.
Ph.D.
M.Sc.
M ScM.Sc.
M.Sc.M.Sc.
M.Sc.M.Sc.
M.Sc.
M.Sc.
Ph.D.
No. of MSc & Phds Enrolled & Graduated ‐ Cummulative
140
160
100
12061
71
olled
80
100
tude
nts en
ro
40
60
71 7948
No. of st
0
20
626
38
37 1319
02007 2008 2009 2010
MScs Enrolled & on‐going PhDs Enrolled & on‐going MScs Graduated PhDs Graduated
AGRA FundedAGRA-Funded Crop Breeding Initiatives, 2008
MaizeSorghumSorghumRiceCassavaCowpeaBeansCowpea
SoybeanS t P t tSweet PotatoWheat
Breeding grants by crop
Millet4%
Groundnut4%
Wheat2%
Soybean2%
Breeding grants by crop
Maize27%
Cassava
Cowpea6%
RiSorghum
10%
8%
Rice15%
BeansSweet potato
10%
10%
Beans12%
10%
Varieties Released and Commercialized 2007-2010
120109
Varieties Released and Commercialized, 2007-2010
80
100 94
60
80
47 47 47
4029
47
2836
47 47
0
20
2007 2008 2009 2010
Varieties released Varieties commercialized
G d t 4
Varieties released by crop
Soybean, 1Chickpea, 2
Groundnuts, 4Pigeonpea , 2
Maize, 36
Cassava, 27
Beans, 23Rice, 6
Sorgum, 8
TanzaniaTanzania
EthiopiaEthiopia
Mali
AGRA F ndedAGRA-Funded Seed Supply Initiatives, 2009Tanzania
N f S d E t i S t d
45
No. of Seed Enterprises Supported
(43)
35
40
45
8
8
(27)
25
30
5
8
3
(27)
10
15
20
1927
3
(12)
0
5
109
2007 2008 2009
Private Seed Co. Public Agency Farmer Assoc.
Sunflower Lablab Teff
Seed Production by Crop Species (Eastern and Southern Africa)
Beans8%
Cassava8%Soy-bean
4%
Wheat5%
Sunflower5% 1% Teff
Cowpea3%Rice Sorghum
4%
Groundnut5%
Pigeon-pea2%
Rice1%
Sorghum5%
Maize53%
Seed production by AGRA supported Enterprises
20 0
20.0 (Projected)
Seed production by AGRA-supported Enterprises
16.018.020.0
MT)
ousa
nds
10 012.014.0
8.4f see
d (M
Tho
6.08.0
10.0
2 64.5
8.4
uant
ity o
f
0 02.04.0 2.6Q
u
0.0Baseline -
20072008 2009 2010
MaliNigeria
Ghana
Uganda
Nigeria
Tanzania
KenyaUganda
Rwanda
MalawiZambia
Tanzania
AGRA-Funded Agro-Dealer
Mozam.
gDevelopment Initiatives, 2009
Agro-dealers that have received technical and business management training under AGRA's programs
16001447
AGRA s programs
1200
1400
994
1091
800
1000994
935
umbe
r
400
600582
461
N
200
400
212268
100153
203153
0Kenya Malawi Tanzania Mali Nigeria Ghana
Business Technical
9 200
Agro-dealers Trained in Business Management
8000
9000
100009 200
6000
7000
8000
4 237
4000
50004 237
1000
2000
3000
331
0
Baseline -2007 2008 2009
Seed & Fertilizer Sales by Agro-Dealers
235 943
200 000
250 000
150 000MT
100 000
28 92646 63353 223
0
50 000
2008 Oct. 2009
Qty seed sales Qty fertilizer sales
Other Technical InitiativesOther Technical Initiatives• Assembled a team of experts seconded to p
seed companies for a full season• Seed Enterprise Management Institute in• Seed Enterprise Management Institute in
collaboration with the Seed Center at Iowa St t U i it CIMMYT & N i bi U iState University, CIMMYT & Nairobi Univ.
• Establishment of an investment fund as aEstablishment of an investment fund as a Loan Facility (ASIF & WAAIF) for grantees & non grantees& non grantees
Policy interventionsPolicy interventions• Supporting the strengthening of internal
seed laws and regulations• Advocating for minimal delays in the releaseAdvocating for minimal delays in the release
of new varieties• Advocating for the easy access to public
germplasmg p• Supporting the implementation of regionally
harmonized seed laws and regulationsharmonized seed laws and regulations• Working to eliminate trade restrictions
Technical Challengesg• Low production capacity/insufficient: BS,FS, CS• Out-growers incompetenceOut growers incompetence• Drought constraint
St f iliti• Storage facilities• Limited working capital• Weak regulatory agencies• Monopoly on public varietiesMonopoly on public varieties• Poor marketing infrastructure
Poor business management skills• Poor business management skills• Lengthy variety release
How harmonization of seed policies and l i l ti ill h AGRA’ klegislation will enhance AGRA’s work
• Greater liberalization of (foundation and certified) seed production and marketing) p g
• Increased competition ensuring better pricesS i t f k d d l th h• Squeezing out fake seed dealers through cross-border movement of seeds
• Enforcing regulatory measuresPromoting increased crop prod cti it and a• Promoting increased crop productivity and a potential for an African Green Revolution
Thank youwww.agra-alliance.orgThank you