aeronautics 1110x 3d-slides
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Aeronautics 1110x 3d-slidesTRANSCRIPT
Ir. Jos Sinke
Thrust & Weight
Introduc)on to Aeronau)cal Engineering
F. Amoor -‐ CC -‐ BY
Engine types
-‐ Propeller engines • Piston engine • Turboprop
-‐ Jet engines • Turbojet • Turbofan • Ramjet
P. Cardinal -‐ CC -‐ BY -‐ NC -‐ ND
Duesentrieb -‐ CC -‐ BY -‐ SA
Thrust
To maintain constant speed: T = D
But, why do we fly so high? Remember CD and S fixed, so ρ (alOtude) and V can be varied Four opOons:
T D
J. Scavini -‐ CC -‐ BY -‐ SA
1. Fly high and slow
Not possible, not enough liS
2. Fly low and slow
Volalto -‐ CC -‐ BY -‐ NC -‐ SA
3. Fly high and fast
Nohch -‐ CC -‐ BY -‐ NC -‐ ND
4. Fly low and fast
EyeMindSoul -‐ CC -‐ BY
AircraB weight
W-‐ AircraS empty weight • Structure • Systems • Crew • OperaOng items
-‐ Payload -‐ Fuel
“One should minimise the weight of aircra% structures, systems and fuel, in order to maximise payload.”
J. Scavini -‐ CC -‐ BY -‐ SA
The snowball effect
Reducing some weight means: 1) Less liS required 2) So smaller wings 3) So less drag 4) So smaller engines
Smaller engines and wings means less weight, so …
Summary
-‐ Flying in Heavier than Air vehicles is a young discipline -‐ Four main forces in flight: LiS, Drag, Thrust and Weight -‐ LiS is generated by pressure differences over an airfoil -‐ Bernoulli’s law is important to understand how to fly
Summary (2)
-‐ LiS is , drag is -‐ Weight consists of Empty weight + Fuel + Payload -‐ By reducing empty weight, we can create a snowball effect
Thrust & Weight
Kuster & Wildhaber Photography -‐ CC -‐ BY -‐ ND