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Advantages of Mechanisation of Poultry in
Pakistan through Environmentally
Controlled Poultry Farming
Dr. Aamer Saleem
(Chief Executive)Member
Seminar & ExhibitionLivestock, Dairy, Fisheries & Poultry
Sind Board of Investment7 & 8 February, 2011Expo Center Karachi
BRIEF INTRODUCTION OF POULTRY
• Poultry is the Cheapest Source of Protein.
• White Meat as recommended by doctors around the world.
• Favourite of Children.
• Fast Growth and Quick return.
• Poultry Meat contributes to 23.8% of total meat production in Pakistan
• In Pakistan, poultry meat consumption is 7 Kg per capita while in developed world, it is 41 Kg per capita
• So, it bears a lot of potential in Pakistan for cheap meat source
Chicken Meat Consumption
• An Environmentally Controlled Broiler
Farming has made an exceptional progress since 2002 and growing rapidly
• The day old chicks (D.O.Cs) are raised for a
period of 5-6 weeks with final body weight of 1.8 to 2.0 Kg
• 6-7 flocks can be raised within the same
house per year
Environmentally Controlled House
(E.C.H.)
• Around 3,500 +/- E.C.H. have been constructed in Pakistan where as 90% are in Punjab area while 10% are in other provinces.
• There is a capacity of more than 7,000 + E.C.H. in Pakistan to meet with challenges of immediate source of best and economical protein available in Pakistan.
Environmentally Controlled House
(E.C.H.)
What is Environmentally
Controlled
Poultry House (E.C.H.)?
A Closed Building, Longitudinally Preferably East to West, with
Big Exhaust Fans on West side
while
Evaporative Cooling Pads on East side along with
Automatic Feeding and Drinking Systems Inside.
• To maintain the required temperature in winter or summer for young birds as well as for older birds.
• To provide the heating for younger birds or to remove excess heat for older birds.
• To place more birds (Increased Stocking Density).
• To minimize dust (Better Environment).
Aims of Climate Control:
• Minimal temperature fluctuations
• UNIFORM air movement
• BETTER feed conversion ratio (F.C.R.)
• LOWER medication costs
• LOWER mortality
• To regulate the ventilation
Aims of Climate Control:
VENTILATION AT A GLANCE:
Ventilation is…
– Moving FRESH AIR INTO a house and moving STALEAIR OUT of the house
– Sending UNWANTED heat, EXCESS moisture,Ammonia OUT of the house
– Limiting the buildup of HARMFUL GASES; and
– Providing OXYGEN for respiration
House length = 400 ft.
House width = 45 ft.
Height = 09 ft.
House area = 18,000 sq.ft.
Bird’s density = 0.6 sq.ft. / bird
Bird’s capacity = 30,000
Ideal Dimensions of the E.C.H. along with Capacity:
Tunnel Ventilation (Evaporative Cooling in E.C.H. for Hot Climate)
AIR MOVEMENTS
Requirement of Evaporative Cooling & Heating Systems
No of fans = (50 in.) Box 10 / Cone Fans 08No of pads = (2000+30) x 600 x 150 mm 50Controller = 01
Heater = (130,000 K.cal.) 01
Descriptions Qty
CONE FAN >>
<< BOX FAN
Minimum Ventilation of Closed House for Cold and Hot Climate
Minimum Ventilation System:(also known as “Cross Ventilation” / “Winter Ventilation”)
No. of Variable Speed Fans 7orFixed Speed Fans 4
No of Air Inlets (Vents = 1 x 0.4 M) 28Temperature Sensors 4/2Humidity Sensor 1Static Pressure Sensor 1Controller 1
FIXED SPEED FAN
VARIABLE SPEED FAN
AIR INLETS
General Layout of Feeding and Drinking Systems
Feedingsystem
There are 468 feeders for 30,000 broilers which means as there are 64 birds/pan.
Drinking system
There are 2400 nipples for 30,000 broilers which meansas there are 12.5 birds/nipple.
Difference between Open House and Environmentally Controlled House
Farming
OPEN HOUSE• Less Space per bird
i.e., 1-1.5 sq.ft. / bird
(In 18,000 sq.ft., 18,000 +/- birds can be placed)
• Due to extreme weather in Summer/Winter, birds are sold after 50 days
CONTROLLED HOUSE• More Space per bird
i.e., 0.6-0.7 sq.ft. / bird (In 18,000 sq.ft., 30,000 +/- birds can be placed)
• Due to controlled environment, birds are sold between 35-40 days
OPEN HOUSE
• Difficult to manage the environment / uncomfortable environment
• Less Weight gain
Weight at disposal 1.6 Kg. +/-
• Laborious Feed Distribution
• Feed Wastage
• Poor F.C.R.
• Uneven Flock
CONTROLLED HOUSE
• Controlled environment / comfortable environment
• More Weight gain
Weight at disposal 1.8 -2.0 Kg. +/-
• Automatic Feed Distribution
• No Feed Wastage
• Better F.C.R.
• Uniform Flock
OPEN HOUSE
• Bio-Security – None
• More Disease prevalence
• Mortality ratio - High
(10-20%)
• More Environmental Stress
• Less Hygienic Meat
• More Labour
• Less Yield per annum
CONTROLLED HOUSE
• Bio-Security -Manageable
• Less Disease prevalence
• Mortality ration - Low (5% +/-)
• No Environmental Stress
• More Hygienic Meat
• Less Labour
• More than double Yield per annum from same space
REQUIREMENTS TO ESTABLISH
AN ENVIRONMENTALLY CONTROLLED
POULTRY HOUSE
Required landAlmost 3 acres of land is required for 2 x 30,000
broiler houses (60,000 capacity)While
Almost 6 acres of land is required for 4 x 30,000 broiler houses (120,000 capacity)
Selection of site
Isolation Approach Power supply Water quality
Isolation and Approach for site
No poultry farm in surroundings at least within 3-km. No factory in surrounding especially rice mill. Proper way from farm to main road.
Insulation
Power supply
Electric load on farm = 35 Amp.
Transformer = 35 KVA
Generator = 50 KVA
Summary of Farm Equipment
Pan Feeding System
Spark Nipple Drinking System
Evaporative Cooling Pads
Exhaust Fans (Box / Cone)
Variable speed fans (or Small Exhaust Fans) Air Inlets (Vents)
Controller
Diesel/Gas heater
Generator
Project cost (Rs.) +/-
Machinery& Equipments = Rs. 4,500,000.00
Generator = Rs. 1,000,000.00
Wapda and Electrification = Rs. 950,000.00
Buildings @ 475/sq.ft = Rs. 8,550,000.00
Miscellaneous = Rs. 500,000.00
Total = Rs. 15,500,000.00
Running cost (Rs.) +/-D.O.C. Cost (30,000 birds)
@ Rs. 45.00 = Rs. 1,350,000.00
Feed Cost (105,000 Kg.)
@ Rs. 34.20/kg. = Rs. 3,591,000.00
Disinfection/Medication/
Vaccination @ Rs. 10.00/bird = Rs. 300,000.00
Electricity /Diesel etc
@ Rs. 7/bird = Rs. 210,000.00
Administrative Cost
@ Rs. 35/bird = Rs. 1,050,000.00
Total: = Rs. 6,501,000.00
Marketing
No. of Chicks placed = 30,000
F.O.C. Chicks @ 2% = 600
Total Chicks = 30,600
Mortality @ 5% = 1,530
Balance Chicks = 29,070
Weight at Disposal @ 1.9 Kg. = 55,233 Kg.
Selling Price @ Rs. 135.00/Kg.= Rs. 7,456,455.00
Profit or loss? (Rs.) +/-
Total Running Cost= Rs. 6,501,000.00Net Sale Price = Rs. 7,456,455.00Profit = Rs. 955,455.00
x7 Flock/year = Rs. 6,688,185.00
THANKS
•Sind Board of Investment
•Pakistan Poultry Association (Southern Zone)