AdolescencePeriod of life

between age 10 and 20 when a person is transformed from a child into an adult.

Physical ChangesGrowth Spurt –

Rapid increase in height and weight that begins, on average, at about 10 in girls and 12 in boys.Begin to compare

yourself to celebrities, models, etc.

Physical ChangesPuberty – The onset

of sexual maturation at ages 12-13.Sexual organs

develop rapidlyMenstrual cycle

begins in girlsNot when sexual

attraction first begins.

Puberty is the period of sexual maturation, during which a person becomes capable of reproduction

Begins with First ejaculation for boys First menstrual period, or menarche, for girls

Puberty

Follows a surge of hormones which: May intensify mood Triggers a 2 year period of rapid physical

development Begins at age 11 for girls and age 13 for boys Boys experience a growth spurt, and grow taller than

girls

Puberty

Primary Sex CharacteristicsReproductive organs and external genitalia

develop dramaticallySecondary Sex Characteristics

Nonreproductive traits develop Breasts and hips in girls Facial hair and deepened voice in boys Underarm and pubic hair in both

Puberty

Boys and girls first feel attraction towards each other a year or two before puberty

Puberty begins at different ages for different individuals

Early or late development can have psychological consequences

Adolescents brain is still developingBrings improved judgment, impulse control,

and the ability to plan for the long term

Puberty

Physical ChangesEarly and Late Developers

Adolescents develop at varied rates.

Physical ChangesAdolescent Sexual Activity

Capacity to reproduce is the single most important development for adolescents.

Confusing for manyChanges in sexual customs in the last 50 yearsAverage age Boys: 16Average age Girls: 17

Physical ChangesTeen Pregnancy and

ChildbearingDeclined dramatically in

the last 50 yearsU.S. highest in

industrialized worldCan be devastating for

motherResearch shows:

Low birth weight Higher illness rate Neurological problems

Cognitive ChangesSome reach formal operational stage

Manipulate abstract conceptsSpeculate about alternative possibilitiesReason in hypothetical terms

Cognitive ChangesFormal Operational

Stage leads to:Egocentrism and

feelings of invincibilityImaginary Audience -

Tendency to feel they are constantly being watched and judged by others.

Personal Fable – Unrealistic sense of their own uniqueness.

At the top of a blank, white sheet of paper write: “Adolescent Physical and Cognitive Development Graphic Organizer”

Create a graphic organizer for adolescent physical and cognitive development.

Activity

Adolescent Development

Cognitive Development

Physical Development

Personality and Social DevelopmentStormy and

Stressful?Not so muchMost teens claim to

have healthy, happy, and un-disruptive lives.

Degree of stress varies between each individual.

Forming IdentityErik Erikson and James MarciaIdentity vs. Role Confusion

Who am I?Failure to form identity during adolescence

leads to confusion, stress, and poor self esteem.

Forming an IdentityIdentity Crisis – Period of self exploration.4 possible outcomes

Identity Achievement – Know who you are.Identity Foreclosure – Settle on identity others

have chosen for you.Moratorium – Have not settled yet. Identity Diffusion – Avoid finding an identity or

role. Often leads to alcohol and drug addiction.

Problems in AdolescenceCliquesRelationships with

parentsDeclines in self

esteemDepression and

SuicideYouth Violence

Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper titled “Clique Activity”.How do you identify yourself at Gateway High

School?Do you identify with a specific clique or group?Have you always identified yourself with that clique

or group?Do your friends influence what group or clique you

belong too?Do all you friends belong to the same clique or

group?Do you parents influence who your friends are, or

what clique you belong too?

Individual Questions

What is a clique?

Are there cliques at Gateway High School?

What cliques are there at GHS?

Activity

As a team discuss and record your responses to the following questions. Be honest and respectful.1.What is your clique called?2.Why do you belong to this clique?3.How do you perceive yourselves and your clique?4.How do others perceive you and your clique?5.What are the positive attributes of your clique?6.What are the negatives attributes?7.Does race or culture play a factor?

Team Questions (5 Minutes)