Adaptive Book: A Platform for Adaptive Book: A Platform for teaching, learning and student teaching, learning and student

modelingmodeling

Ananda GunawardenaAnanda Gunawardena

School of Computer ScienceSchool of Computer Science

Carnegie Mellon UniversityCarnegie Mellon University

About MeAbout Me I am an Associate Professor of Computer Science I am an Associate Professor of Computer Science

at Carnegie Mellon Universityat Carnegie Mellon University My Research Focus is on creating smart, usable My Research Focus is on creating smart, usable

and adaptable learning environmentsand adaptable learning environments My work draw from many areas of computer My work draw from many areas of computer

science including Human Computer Interaction science including Human Computer Interaction and Data Mining. and Data Mining.

This semester I am doing an interesting Tablet PC This semester I am doing an interesting Tablet PC pilot project at Education City in Qatar (with pilot project at Education City in Qatar (with HP4200’s). HP4200’s).

Here I am near a Qatar Sand DuneHere I am near a Qatar Sand DuneSept 30, 2005 Sept 30, 2005

OutlineOutline

IntroductionIntroduction What is Adaptive Book?What is Adaptive Book? Adaptive Book Authoring ToolsAdaptive Book Authoring Tools Just in time learning modulesJust in time learning modules Adaptive Markup RepositoryAdaptive Markup Repository Student Behavior ModelingStudent Behavior Modeling Pilot ResultsPilot Results Future WorkFuture Work

IntroductionIntroduction

Effective teaching is not confined to the classroomEffective teaching is not confined to the classroom—it is successful when it enhances interest and —it is successful when it enhances interest and generates thinking beyond the classroom setting. generates thinking beyond the classroom setting.

A great deal of customization and personalization A great deal of customization and personalization of the content is needed to generate the interestof the content is needed to generate the interest

Adaptive Book is a platform for customization, Adaptive Book is a platform for customization, personalization and understanding of student personalization and understanding of student behaviorbehavior

Adaptive BookAdaptive Book A software platform developed in C# / .netA software platform developed in C# / .net

– Developed by TextCentric,Inc (CMU Spin-off)Developed by TextCentric,Inc (CMU Spin-off) Research Base at Carnegie MellonResearch Base at Carnegie Mellon

– Usability (Human Computer Interaction)Usability (Human Computer Interaction)– Adaptive (Machine Learning)Adaptive (Machine Learning)

Adaptive Book User InterfaceAdaptive Book User Interface– Navigation, search, markup tools (highlighting, Navigation, search, markup tools (highlighting,

annotating, and linking), book markingannotating, and linking), book marking– Labeling, archiving and searching markupsLabeling, archiving and searching markups– AB combines textbook content with all other related AB combines textbook content with all other related

material material

Adaptive Book UIAdaptive Book UI

Creating an Adaptive BookCreating an Adaptive Book

Adaptive Book is a thin client programAdaptive Book is a thin client program Any SCORM/IMS content package can be Any SCORM/IMS content package can be

imported into Adaptive Bookimported into Adaptive Book An authoring tool creates these content An authoring tool creates these content

packages.packages. In other words anyone can create an In other words anyone can create an

Adaptive Book package using their own Adaptive Book package using their own content and/or textbook chapterscontent and/or textbook chapters

Adaptive Book Authoring ToolAdaptive Book Authoring Tool

Uses a HTML/XML content repository to find Uses a HTML/XML content repository to find chapters of the book and supplementschapters of the book and supplements

Each chapter of the book is tagged as a Each chapter of the book is tagged as a Sharable Content Object (SCO)Sharable Content Object (SCO)

Uses a simple drag and drop menu to select Uses a simple drag and drop menu to select the chapters and supplements needed to the chapters and supplements needed to create the custom bookcreate the custom book

Program generates the table of content and Program generates the table of content and package the book as a SCO package the book as a SCO

Importing a SCO Importing a SCO

Markup Concept Markup Concept

Markup is a semantically related set of objects consists of Markup is a semantically related set of objects consists of highlights, annotations and web links.highlights, annotations and web links.

Markups automatically generate its own metadata as well Markups automatically generate its own metadata as well as anyone can add other metadata to markups before as anyone can add other metadata to markups before savingsaving

Markups are stored in a searchable repository.Markups are stored in a searchable repository. Search and find markups related to a certain conceptSearch and find markups related to a certain concept

– What is the “best” markup to learn topic A?What is the “best” markup to learn topic A?– Google type search engineGoogle type search engine

Assign Rights to markupsAssign Rights to markups– Private, public, protectedPrivate, public, protected

Sample MarkupSample Markup

Students Sign up for Markup Students Sign up for Markup ServicesServices

Students can create buddy groupsStudents can create buddy groups

Students Define their buddy groupStudents Define their buddy groupor or

Who has the access to their Who has the access to their markupsmarkups

Mark-up ListMark-up List

Assigning Rights to MarkupsAssigning Rights to Markups

Reading a markupReading a markup

Just in time Learning ModulesJust in time Learning Modules

Instructors can create just in time learning Instructors can create just in time learning modules using markup toolsmodules using markup tools

Select content, highlight, place sticky notes Select content, highlight, place sticky notes and URL’s and package them as a markup and URL’s and package them as a markup objectobject

Save the markup to a customized learning Save the markup to a customized learning objects (CLO) repositoryobjects (CLO) repository

Others can search and find the markup, Others can search and find the markup, disassemble and customize to their needsdisassemble and customize to their needs

A Just-in-time learning module with A Just-in-time learning module with highlights, and digital ink noteshighlights, and digital ink notes

More on MarkupsMore on Markups

Markups with learning paths can be created Markups with learning paths can be created by individual instructorsby individual instructors

Search and find the Markup, and import the Search and find the Markup, and import the to Adaptive Bookto Adaptive Book

Learning Objects RepositoryLearning Objects Repository

Three types of learning objects stored in the Three types of learning objects stored in the repositoryrepository

Book Chapters that can be used to build a custom Book Chapters that can be used to build a custom bookbook

Individual markups packaged as IMS/SCORM with Individual markups packaged as IMS/SCORM with access rightsaccess rights

Customized Learning Objects (CLO’s) that can be Customized Learning Objects (CLO’s) that can be retrieved and modified using Adaptive Bookretrieved and modified using Adaptive Book

Modeling Student BehaviorModeling Student Behavior One of the focuses of our researchOne of the focuses of our research

– Do students read the book and other notes?Do students read the book and other notes?– If so, what do they read? not pages, what If so, what do they read? not pages, what

specific content?specific content?– How do they construct knowledge?How do they construct knowledge?

Does the Tablet PC help students move from Does the Tablet PC help students move from informal sketching to formalization?informal sketching to formalization?

– What can we do to capture that? What can we do to capture that?

Modeling Student BehaviorModeling Student Behavior If we are successful in capturing an accurate assessment If we are successful in capturing an accurate assessment

of student thinking, what can we do with that data?of student thinking, what can we do with that data? Our pilots involve constructing activities that “requires” the Our pilots involve constructing activities that “requires” the

student to show specific things in the textbook and notes student to show specific things in the textbook and notes that they found usefulthat they found useful

Student markup is then compared to an “expert” markupStudent markup is then compared to an “expert” markup Our preliminary data show some interesting correlation Our preliminary data show some interesting correlation

between student performance and their perception of what between student performance and their perception of what was important in completing the assignmentwas important in completing the assignment

More work is needed to accurately model student behaviorMore work is needed to accurately model student behavior This is ongoing researchThis is ongoing research

Markup Analysis ModelMarkup Analysis Model

Student 4

Student 2

Student 3

Student 5

Expert

Student 1

Student 6

Pilot ResultsPilot Results

We have used Adaptive Book and markup We have used Adaptive Book and markup repository with several institutions and repository with several institutions and middle schools middle schools

Many positive Student Comments but lot Many positive Student Comments but lot needs to be doneneeds to be done

Interesting results on what students readInteresting results on what students read Sample comments…Sample comments…

Some Student CommentsSome Student Comments ““I like the ability to find a relevant markup that can I like the ability to find a relevant markup that can

help solve some of the programming problems”help solve some of the programming problems” ““It is nice to receive markups from the instructor It is nice to receive markups from the instructor

before the lecture”before the lecture” ““Good thing about the Adaptive Book is that Good thing about the Adaptive Book is that

instructor can create a markup linking textbook instructor can create a markup linking textbook concepts and relevant programming examples”concepts and relevant programming examples”

““receiving an answer to a FAQ as a markup is a receiving an answer to a FAQ as a markup is a very useful feature”very useful feature”

““Adaptive Book search feature needs Adaptive Book search feature needs improvements”improvements”

Adaptive Book ResourcesAdaptive Book Resources

Many Useful links from project siteMany Useful links from project site– http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~abhttp://www.cs.cmu.edu/~ab

See project site for latest updates and See project site for latest updates and interesting demosinteresting demos

Future WorkFuture Work

More focus on the impact of Tablet PC and More focus on the impact of Tablet PC and Adaptive Book TechnologyAdaptive Book Technology

Making Adaptive Book a research platform Making Adaptive Book a research platform for modeling student behaviorfor modeling student behavior

Creating a dynamic sketch environment for Creating a dynamic sketch environment for conceptual understanding and automatic conceptual understanding and automatic code generationcode generation

Informal to formal stages of learningInformal to formal stages of learning Better markup analysis and classificationBetter markup analysis and classification

Questions: Questions: guna@cs.cmu.eduguna@cs.cmu.edu

Thank You Thank You