adapted from ms. susan m. pojer. who said it? the great rule of conduct for us, in regard to foreign...
TRANSCRIPT
Adapted from Ms. Susan M. PojerAdapted from Ms. Susan M. PojerAdapted from Ms. Susan M. PojerAdapted from Ms. Susan M. Pojer
Who said it?Who said it?
• The great rule of conduct for us, in regard to The great rule of conduct for us, in regard to foreign nations is in extending our commercial foreign nations is in extending our commercial relations to have with them as little political relations to have with them as little political connection as possible…Europe has a set of connection as possible…Europe has a set of primary interest, which to us have none, or a primary interest, which to us have none, or a very remote relation…Why quit our own to stand very remote relation…Why quit our own to stand upon foreign ground? Why, by interweaving our upon foreign ground? Why, by interweaving our destiny with that of any part of Europe, entangle destiny with that of any part of Europe, entangle our peace and prosperity in the toils of European our peace and prosperity in the toils of European ambition. Tis our true policy to steer clear of ambition. Tis our true policy to steer clear of permanent alliances, with any portion of the permanent alliances, with any portion of the foreign world.foreign world.
Who said it?Who said it?
• The American continents, by the free and The American continents, by the free and independent condition which they have independent condition which they have assumed and maintained, are henceforth assumed and maintained, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers…we colonization by any European powers…we should consider any attempt on their part should consider any attempt on their part to extend their system to any portion of to extend their system to any portion of this hemisphere as dangerous to our this hemisphere as dangerous to our peace and safety.peace and safety.
Who said it?Who said it?
• Cities and towns have sprung up on the shores Cities and towns have sprung up on the shores of the Pacific…Nor have we yet fulfilled the of the Pacific…Nor have we yet fulfilled the destiny allotted to us. New territory is spread out destiny allotted to us. New territory is spread out for us to subdue and fertilize; new races are for us to subdue and fertilize; new races are presented for us to civilize, educated, and presented for us to civilize, educated, and absorb; new triumphs in the cause of freedom. absorb; new triumphs in the cause of freedom. North America presents to the eye one great North America presents to the eye one great geographical system…it is soon to become the geographical system…it is soon to become the commercial center of the world. commercial center of the world.
1.1.Commercial/Business Commercial/Business Interests (to make more Interests (to make more
money!)money!)
1.1.Commercial/Business Commercial/Business Interests (to make more Interests (to make more
money!)money!)
U. S. Foreign Investments: 1869-1908
U. S. Foreign Investments: 1869-1908
2. Military/Strategic 2. Military/Strategic InterestsInterests
2. Military/Strategic 2. Military/Strategic InterestsInterests
Alfred T. Mahan Let’s expand the U.S. Navy to protect our country!
Alfred T. Mahan Let’s expand the U.S. Navy to protect our country!
3. Social Darwinist 3. Social Darwinist Thinking: We’re better than Thinking: We’re better than
them!!!them!!!
3. Social Darwinist 3. Social Darwinist Thinking: We’re better than Thinking: We’re better than
them!!!them!!!
The White Man’sBurden
The White Man’sBurdenThe Hierarchy
of RaceThe Hierarchy
of Race
4.4.Religious/Missionary Religious/Missionary Interests: God wants us to Interests: God wants us to
convert them!!!convert them!!!
4.4.Religious/Missionary Religious/Missionary Interests: God wants us to Interests: God wants us to
convert them!!!convert them!!!
American Missionaries
in China, 1905
American Missionaries
in China, 1905
5. Closing the American 5. Closing the American FrontierFrontier
5. Closing the American 5. Closing the American FrontierFrontier
There’s nowhere else to go!!!
““Seward’s Folly”: 1867Seward’s Folly”: 1867““Seward’s Folly”: 1867Seward’s Folly”: 1867
$7.2 million$7.2 million
““Seward’s Icebox”: 1867Seward’s Icebox”: 1867““Seward’s Icebox”: 1867Seward’s Icebox”: 1867
U. S. Missionaries in HawaiiU. S. Missionaries in HawaiiU. S. Missionaries in HawaiiU. S. Missionaries in Hawaii
Built in the late 1820s, religion was the first reason Americans came to
Hawaii
Built in the late 1820s, religion was the first reason Americans came to
Hawaii
U. S. View of HawaiiansU. S. View of HawaiiansU. S. View of HawaiiansU. S. View of Hawaiians
Hawaii becomes a U. S. Protectorate in 1849
by virtue of economic treaties.
Hawaii becomes a U. S. Protectorate in 1849
by virtue of economic treaties.
Hawaiian Queen LiliuokalaniHawaiian Queen LiliuokalaniHawaiian Queen LiliuokalaniHawaiian Queen Liliuokalani
Hawaii for the Hawaiians! Guess
who didn’t like that?
Hawaii for the Hawaiians! Guess
who didn’t like that?
Hawaiian Annexation Ceremony, 1898
Hawaiian Annexation Ceremony, 1898
Spanish Misrule in CubaSpanish Misrule in CubaSpanish Misrule in CubaSpanish Misrule in Cuba
Valeriano Weyler’s Valeriano Weyler’s “Reconcentration” Policy“Reconcentration” Policy
Valeriano Weyler’s Valeriano Weyler’s “Reconcentration” Policy“Reconcentration” Policy
““Yellow Journalism” & Yellow Journalism” & JingoismJingoism
““Yellow Journalism” & Yellow Journalism” & JingoismJingoism
Joseph PulitzerJoseph Pulitzer
William Randolph Hearst
William Randolph Hearst
Hearst to Frederick Hearst to Frederick Remington:Remington: You furnish the You furnish the pictures,pictures, and I’ll furnish the war! and I’ll furnish the war!
De Lôme LetterDe Lôme LetterDe Lôme LetterDe Lôme Letter
de Lôme, Spanishde Lôme, SpanishAmbassador to the Ambassador to the U.S.U.S.
Criticized PresidentCriticized PresidentMcKinleyMcKinley
Theodore RooseveltTheodore RooseveltTheodore RooseveltTheodore Roosevelt
Assistant Assistant Secretary of the Secretary of the NavyNavy
Imperialist and Imperialist and American American nationalist.nationalist.
Criticized Criticized PresidentPresidentMcKinleyMcKinley
Resigns his Resigns his position to fight in position to fight in Cuba.Cuba.
The The “Rough “Rough Riders”Riders”
The The “Rough “Rough Riders”Riders”
Remember the MaineRemember the Maineand to Hell with Spain!and to Hell with Spain!Remember the MaineRemember the Maineand to Hell with Spain!and to Hell with Spain!
Funeral for Maine victims in Havana
Funeral for Maine victims in Havana
The Spanish-American War The Spanish-American War (1898):(1898):
“That Splendid Little War”“That Splendid Little War”
The Spanish-American War The Spanish-American War (1898):(1898):
“That Splendid Little War”“That Splendid Little War”
The Spanish-American War The Spanish-American War (1898):(1898):
“That Splendid Little War”“That Splendid Little War”
The Spanish-American War The Spanish-American War (1898):(1898):
“That Splendid Little War”“That Splendid Little War”
Dewey Captures Manila!Dewey Captures Manila!Dewey Captures Manila!Dewey Captures Manila!
Emilio AguinaldoEmilio AguinaldoEmilio AguinaldoEmilio Aguinaldo
LLeader of the Filipinoeader of the FilipinoUprising.Uprising.
The Treaty of Paris: 1898The Treaty of Paris: 1898The Treaty of Paris: 1898The Treaty of Paris: 1898
Cuba was freed from Spanish rule.Cuba was freed from Spanish rule.
Spain gave up Puerto Rico and the Spain gave up Puerto Rico and the island ofisland ofGuam.Guam.
The U. S. paid SpainThe U. S. paid Spain$20 mil. for the$20 mil. for thePhilippines.Philippines.
The U. S. becomesThe U. S. becomesan imperial power!an imperial power!
Our “Sphere of Influence”Our “Sphere of Influence”Our “Sphere of Influence”Our “Sphere of Influence”
The American Anti-The American Anti-Imperialist Imperialist LeagueLeague
The American Anti-The American Anti-Imperialist Imperialist LeagueLeague
Founded in 1899.Founded in 1899.
Mark Twain, Mark Twain, Andrew Andrew Carnegie, WilliamCarnegie, WilliamJames, and WilliamJames, and WilliamJennings Bryan Jennings Bryan amongamongthe leaders.the leaders.
Campaigned Campaigned against the against the annexation of theannexation of thePhilippines and Philippines and otherotheracts of imperialism.acts of imperialism.
Cuban Independence?Cuban Independence?Cuban Independence?Cuban Independence?
Senator Orville Platt
Senator Orville Platt
Platt AmendmentPlatt Amendment (1903) (1903)
1. Cuba was not to enter into any agreements 1. Cuba was not to enter into any agreements withwith foreign powers that would endanger its foreign powers that would endanger its independence.independence.
2. The U.S. could intervene in Cuban affairs if 2. The U.S. could intervene in Cuban affairs if necessary to maintain an efficient, necessary to maintain an efficient, independent govt.independent govt.
3. Cuba must lease 3. Cuba must lease Guantanamo BayGuantanamo Bay to the U.S. to the U.S. forfor naval and coaling station. naval and coaling station.
4. Cuba must not build up an excessive public 4. Cuba must not build up an excessive public debt.debt.
STOP!!!!STOP!!!!
McKinley’s War MessageMcKinley’s War Message• Read the war message with your partner Read the war message with your partner
quietly. Stop and answer each question as quietly. Stop and answer each question as you read through it. Be prepared to share you read through it. Be prepared to share these answers with the class.these answers with the class.
• Consider this question: do you believe it? Consider this question: do you believe it? What does he suggest is the biggest What does he suggest is the biggest reason to get involved? Why do you think reason to get involved? Why do you think that is?that is?
The Open Door PolicyThe Open Door PolicyThe Open Door PolicyThe Open Door Policy
Secretary Secretary John HayJohn Hay..
Give all nations equalGive all nations equalaccess to trade in China.access to trade in China.
Guaranteed that China would NOT be Guaranteed that China would NOT be taken taken over by any one foreign power.over by any one foreign power.
The Boxer Rebellion: The Boxer Rebellion: 19001900
The Boxer Rebellion: The Boxer Rebellion: 19001900
The Peaceful Harmonious The Peaceful Harmonious Fists.Fists.
““55 Days at Peking.”55 Days at Peking.”
The Open Door PolicyThe Open Door PolicyThe Open Door PolicyThe Open Door Policy
Stereotypes of the Stereotypes of the Chinese Chinese
ImmigrantImmigrant
Stereotypes of the Stereotypes of the Chinese Chinese
ImmigrantImmigrant
Oriental [Chinese]
Exclusion Act, 1887
Oriental [Chinese]
Exclusion Act, 1887
Commodore Matthew Perry Commodore Matthew Perry Opens Up Japan: 1853Opens Up Japan: 1853
Commodore Matthew Perry Commodore Matthew Perry Opens Up Japan: 1853Opens Up Japan: 1853
Allows US to trade in the
Treaty of Kanagawa
Allows US to trade in the
Treaty of Kanagawa
Treaty of Portsmouth: Treaty of Portsmouth: 19051905
Treaty of Portsmouth: Treaty of Portsmouth: 19051905
Nobel Peace Prize for Teddy dealing with Russo-Japanese
War
Nobel Peace Prize for Teddy dealing with Russo-Japanese
War
Gentlemen’s AgreementGentlemen’s Agreement
• Goal to reduce tensionsGoal to reduce tensions
• Japanese were angry about being Japanese were angry about being excluded from San Francisco Public excluded from San Francisco Public SchoolsSchools
• Japan agrees to stop issuing passports for Japan agrees to stop issuing passports for travel to the United Statestravel to the United States
The Great White FleetThe Great White Fleet
Panama: The King’s Panama: The King’s CrownCrown
Panama: The King’s Panama: The King’s CrownCrown
Panama is controlled Panama is controlled by Colombia. by Colombia.
Roosevelt supports Roosevelt supports the Panamanian the Panamanian rebellion, is given rebellion, is given rights to build the rights to build the canal.canal.
1903 1903 Hay-Bunau-Hay-Bunau- Varilla Treaty Varilla Treaty..
Panama CanalPanama CanalPanama CanalPanama Canal
TR in Panama(Construction
begins in 1904)
TR in Panama(Construction
begins in 1904)
Speak Softly,Speak Softly,But Carry a Big Stick!But Carry a Big Stick!
Speak Softly,Speak Softly,But Carry a Big Stick!But Carry a Big Stick!
America as a Pacific America as a Pacific PowerPower
America as a Pacific America as a Pacific PowerPower
The Roosevelt Corollary The Roosevelt Corollary to the to the
Monroe Doctrine: Monroe Doctrine: 1905 1905
The Roosevelt Corollary The Roosevelt Corollary to the to the
Monroe Doctrine: Monroe Doctrine: 1905 1905
Chronic wrongdoing… Chronic wrongdoing… may in America, as may in America, as elsewhere, ultimately elsewhere, ultimately require intervention require intervention by some civilized by some civilized nation, and in the nation, and in the Western Hemisphere Western Hemisphere the adherence of the the adherence of the United States to the United States to the Monroe Doctrine may Monroe Doctrine may force the United force the United States, however States, however reluctantly, in flagrant reluctantly, in flagrant cases of suchcases of such wrongdoing or wrongdoing or impotence, to the impotence, to the exercise of an exercise of an international police international police powerpower .
Constable of the WorldConstable of the WorldConstable of the WorldConstable of the World
Taft’s “Dollar Taft’s “Dollar Diplomacy”Diplomacy”
Taft’s “Dollar Taft’s “Dollar Diplomacy”Diplomacy”
Improve financialImprove financialopportunities for opportunities for American businesses.American businesses.
Use private capital toUse private capital tofurther U. S. interestsfurther U. S. interestsoverseas.overseas.
Therefore, the U.S. Therefore, the U.S. should create should create stability and order stability and order abroad that would abroad that would best promote best promote America’s America’s commercial interests.commercial interests.
Wilson’s “Moral Wilson’s “Moral Diplomacy”Diplomacy”
Wilson’s “Moral Wilson’s “Moral Diplomacy”Diplomacy”
The U. S. shouldThe U. S. shouldbe the consciencebe the conscienceof the world.of the world.
Spread Spread democracy.democracy.
Promote peace.Promote peace.
Condemn Condemn colonialism.colonialism.
The Mexican Revolution: The Mexican Revolution: 1910s1910s
The Mexican Revolution: The Mexican Revolution: 1910s1910s
Begins with overthrow of Porfirio Begins with overthrow of Porfirio Diaz by Francisco Madero.Diaz by Francisco Madero.
Victoriano Huerta seizes control of Victoriano Huerta seizes control of Mexico Mexico and puts Madero in prison.and puts Madero in prison.
Pancho Villa and others fought Pancho Villa and others fought against Huerta.against Huerta.
The U.S. also got involved by The U.S. also got involved by occupying occupying Veracruz and Huerta fled the Veracruz and Huerta fled the country.country.
Eventually Carranza would gain Eventually Carranza would gain power in power in Mexico, Villa upset, makes raids on Mexico, Villa upset, makes raids on U.S.U.S.
The Mexican Revolution: The Mexican Revolution: 1910s1910s
The Mexican Revolution: The Mexican Revolution: 1910s1910sEmiliano
ZapataEmiliano Zapata
Francisco I Madero
Francisco I Madero
Venustiano Carranza
Venustiano Carranza
Porfirio Diaz
Porfirio Diaz
Pancho Villa
Pancho Villa
Searching for Searching for BanditosBanditosSearching for Searching for BanditosBanditos
General John J. PershingGeneral John J. Pershing with with PanchoPanchoVillaVilla in 1914. in 1914.
To sum up:To sum up:
• What are the 5 reasons for U.S. What are the 5 reasons for U.S. Imperialism?Imperialism?
• What are the 5 reasons we got involved in What are the 5 reasons we got involved in the Spanish-American war?the Spanish-American war?
• What new areas were part of the United What new areas were part of the United States by 1920? What new areas were States by 1920? What new areas were open to trade with the U.S. by 1920?open to trade with the U.S. by 1920?
• What were Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson’s What were Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson’s foreign policies?foreign policies?