active learning processlibvolume5.xyz/industrialproductionengineering/btech/semester4/applied... ·...

ACTIVE LEARNING PROCESS

Prepared By :

Dishant Panchal 13BECEG112

Neeshit Kaushik 13BECEG122

Neel Panchal 13BECEG116

Guided By :Prof. Jugal Panchal

Branch: Computer Engineering

2

Training Agenda: Refrigeration &

Air Conditioning

Introduction

Type of refrigeration

3

Introduction

How does

it work?

Refrigeration

and air

conditioning

is used to

cool products

or a building

environment.

High Temperature Reservoir

Low Temperature Reservoir

R Work Input

Heat Absorbed

Heat Rejected

4

Introduction

Thermal energy moves from left to right through five

loops of heat transfer:

How does it work?

(Bureau of Energy Efficiency, 2004)

1)

Indoor air

loop

2)

Chilled

water loop

3)

Refrigerant

loop

4)

Condenser

water loop

5)

Cooling

water loop

5

Introduction

• Small capacity modular units of direct

expansion type (50 Tons of Refrigeration)

• Centralized chilled water plants with

chilled water as a secondary coolant (50 – 250 TR)

• Brine plants with brines as lower

temperature, secondary coolant (>250 TR)

Refrigeration systems for industrial

processes

6


Air Conditioning

Introduction


Types Of Air Conditioner

7

Types of Refrigeration

• Vapour Compression

Refrigeration (VCR): uses

mechanical energy

• Vapour Absorption Refrigeration

(VAR): uses thermal energy

Refrigeration systems

8

Type of Refrigeration

Vapour Compression Refrigeration

• Highly compressed fluids tend to get

colder when allowed to expand

• If pressure high enough

• Compressed air hotter than source

of cooling

• Expanded gas cooler than desired

cold temperature

9



Two advantages

• Lot of heat can be removed (lot of

thermal energy to change liquid to

vapour)

• Heat transfer rate remains high

(temperature of working fluid much

lower than what is being cooled)

10



Refrigeration cycle

Condenser

Evaporator

High

Pressure

Side

Low

Pressure

Side

CompressorExpansion

Device

12

3

4

11



Refrigeration cycle

Low pressure liquid

refrigerant in evaporator

absorbs heat and changes

to a gas

Condenser

Evaporator

High

Pressure

Side

Low

Pressure

Side

CompressorExpansion

Device

12

3

4

12



Refrigeration cycle

The superheated vapour

enters the compressor

where its pressure is

raised

Condenser

Evaporator

High

Pressure

Side

Low

Pressure

Side

CompressorExpansion

Device

12

3

4

13



Refrigeration cycle

The high pressure

superheated gas is cooled

in several stages in the

condenser

Condenser

Evaporator

High

Pressure

Side

Low

Pressure

Side

CompressorExpansion

Device

12

3

4

14



Refrigeration cycle

Liquid passes through expansion

device, which reduces its pressure

and controls the flow into the

evaporator

Condenser

Evaporator

High

Pressure

Side

Low

Pressure

Side

CompressorExpansion

Device

12

3

4

15



Type of refrigerant

• Refrigerant determined by the

required cooling temperature

• Chlorinated fluorocarbons (CFCs) or

freons: R-11, R-12, R-21, R-22 and R-

502

16



Choice of compressor, design of

condenser, evaporator determined by

• Refrigerant

• Required cooling

• Load

• Ease of maintenance

• Physical space requirements

• Availability of utilities (water, power)

17


Vapour Absorption Refrigeration

Condenser Generator

Evaporator

AbsorberCold

Side

Hot

Side

18



Evaporator

19



Absorber

20



High pressure generator

21



Condenser

22


Air Conditioning

Introduction


Type Of Air Conditioner


23

• An air conditioning system is an assembly of different part of the

system used produce a specified condition of air within a require space or building.

• The basic elements of air conditioning system:--

• Fans : For circulation of air

• Filters : For cleaning air

• Heating Elements : Heating of air(It may be electric heater , steam , hot water.

• Control System : It regulates automatically the amount of cooling or heating.

• Grill : It adjust the direction of the conditioned air to the room.

• Tray : It collects condensed water.

• Refrigerating Plant : provide cooling . It consist of compressor/generator and absorber,eveporator,condensor,expansion device(capallary tube).

Air Conditioning System

24


• Window Air Conditioner

• Split Air Conditioners

25


Window Air Conditioner

26


Window Air Conditioner� Working:--The air circulation system of the window air conditioner comprises of

the following parts (please refer fig 4 & 5).

� 1) Blower:This is the small blower that is fitted behind the evaporator or cooling coil inside the assembly of the window air conditioner system. The blower sucks the air from the room which first passes over the air filter and gets filtered. The air then passes over the cooling coil and gets chilled. The blower then blows this filtered and

chilled air, which passes through the supply air compartment inside the window air conditioner assembly. This air is then delivered into the room from the supply air grill of the front panel.

� 2) Propeller fan or the condenser fan: The condenser fan is the forced draft type of propeller fan that sucks the atmospheric air and blows it over the condenser.

The hot refrigerant inside the condenser gives up the heat to the atmospheric air and its temperature reduces.

� 3) Fan motor:The motor inside the window air conditioner assembly is located between the condenser and the evaporator coil. It has double shaft on one side of which the blower is fitted and on the other side the condenser fan is fitted. This

makes the whole assembly of the blower, the condenser fan and the motor highly compact.

27


Split Air Conditioner

Split Air Conditioner� The Split Air Conditioner divided in two parts:--

� (1)First part:-Include the evaporator,filter,evaporator fan and grill. They placed inside the room.

� (2)Second part:-Include Condensor ,fan,compressor.This placed out side the room.diameter tubes.therefore,small hole rquired in wall of installation of split air condition.The split air conditioning units are available in capacity range of 1 to 3 tons.

28

29

Training Session on Energy

Equipment

Refrigeration & Air

Conditioning Systems

THANK YOU

FOR YOUR ATTENTION

�

active learning processlibvolume5.xyz/industrialproductionengineering/btech/semester4/applied... ·...

Documents