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 Active High Pass Filters The basic electrical operation of an Active High Pass Filter (HPF) is exactly the same as we saw for its e quivalent RC passive high pass filter circuit, except this time the circuit has an operational amplifier or op -amp included within its filter design providing amplification and gain control. Like the previous active low pass filter circuit, the simplest form of an active high pass filter is to connect a standard inverting or non-inverting operational amplifier to the basic RC high pass passive filter circuit as shown. First Order Active High Pass Filter Technically, there is no such thing as an active high pass filter. Unlike Passive High Pass Filterswhich have an "infinite" frequency response, the maximum pass band frequency response of an active high pass filter is limited by the open-loop characteristics or bandwidth of the operational amplifier being used, making them appear as if they are band pass filters with a high frequency cut-off determined by the selection of op-amp and gain. In the Operational Amplifier tutorial we saw that the maximum frequency response of an op-amp is limited to the Gain/Bandwidth product or open loop voltage gain ( A V ) of the operational amplifier being used giving it a bandwidth limitation, where the closed loop response of the op amp intersects the open loop response.  A commonly av ailable operational ampl ifier such as the uA741 has a ty pical "open-loop" (without any feedback) DC voltage gain of about 100dB maximum reducing at a roll off rate of -20dB/Decade (-6db/Octave) as the input frequency increases. The gain of the uA741 reduces until it reaches unity gain, (0dB) or its "transition frequency" ( ƒt ) which is about 1MHz. This causes the op-amp to have a frequency response curve very similar to that of a first- order low pass filter and this is shown below. Frequency response curve of a typical Operational Amplifier.

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