aci design and creativity day05 2015
TRANSCRIPT
Creativity and Design
Day 5: Now what?
Steven Johnson: Where Good Ideas Come From
http://www.ted.com/talks/steven_johnson_where_good_ideas_come_from.html
http://99u.com/articles/6167/battling-the-half-life-of-idea-execution
“I think my love of idea generation has become an escape hatch for when I start to second guess myself in the midst of long-term execution. When things aren’t going as well as planned with a venture, new ideas appear more attractive. And so I quickly jump to something new”
Creativity should be less about creating new ideas, and more about focusing and working on a few
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Would you prefer…?
a) A team that generates 100 ideas with 10 of them being greatb) A team that generates 10 ideas with 2 of them being great
http://www.mech.utah.edu/senior_design/07/uploads/Main/Lect12-ConceptSelection.pdf
... and hundreds more
2005
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/4292854.stm
Creative ideas are nothing like “light bulbs”, they are more like clusters of old ideas connected in new ways
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2005
http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Pictures
http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Pictures
http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Pictures
http://news.cnet.com/2300-11386_3-10012657-7.html
2006
http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Pictureshttp://www.flickr.com/photos/pete/sets/72057594143224765/with/152123539/
http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Pictures
http://www.fuseproject.com/pdf/OLPC%20Case%20Study.pdf
2007
http://www.flickr.com/photos/knightfoundation/6771617469/http://www.flickr.com/photos/olpc/page74/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/pieter-bidia/2925665693/
http://www.fuseproject.com/category-1-product-65
2008
The best solutions…
Are difficult and take time
Are original rather than novel
Respond to new problems
Challenge the status-quo
Address causes, not symptoms
Apply technology appropriately
Reveal new ways of thinking about problems
Consider a wide variety of stakeholders
Are persuasively communicated
“Plus-ing” at Pixar
http://www.edutopia.org/randy-nelson-school-to-career-video
“It then took me 5,127 prototypes to develop the final machine, each failed
prototype informing the next one. There is always room for improvement and we
have been iteratively improving the machine ever since.”
“I'd seen an industrial sawmill, which uses something called a cyclonic separator to remove dust from the air. I thought the same principle of separation might work on a vacuum cleaner. I rigged up
a quick prototype, and it did.
I became obsessed. It took five years of doing nothing but making and testing prototypes. My wife supported us by teaching art. She
was wonderful. But most other people thought I was mad.”
http://www.inc.com/magazine/201203/burt-helm/how-i-did-it-james-dyson.html
Pugh Matrix
https://wiki.ece.cmu.edu/ddl/index.php/Ice_cream_maker_redesign
http://www.gaudisite.nl/SESGwhitePaperNovember2009.pdf
http://www.mech.utah.edu/senior_design/07/uploads/Main/Lect12-ConceptSelection.pdf
(Probably not relevant criteria?)
(Interesting)Evaluation Criteria
Imp
ort
an
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Ra
tin
g
Be
nch
ma
rk (
Da
tum
)
Ne
w id
ea
typ
e 1
Ne
w id
ea
typ
e 2
Ne
w id
ea
typ
e 3
Exis
tin
g p
rod
uct 1
Exis
tin
g p
rod
uct 2
Criteria 1 3 S + + - -
Criteria 2 2 - S + + +
Criteria 3 3 + - + S S
Criteria 4 1 S + + - +
Criteria 5 3 - S S + S
Criteria 6 3 - - - - -
Criteria 7 3 + + + + +
Criteria 8 2 S S S S S
Criteria 9 1 - + - - -
Criteria 10 2 + - + + +
Pugh Matrix Template
Solution Alternatives
Concept Selection LegendBetter +
Same SWorse -
http://www.slideshare.net/frogdesign/making-clients-part-of-the-design-process
http://99u.com/articles/7224/why-fighting-for-our-ideas-makes-them-better
“People buy into the leader before they buy into the vision”-- John C. Maxwell
“IKEA effect”: consumers place a disproportionately high value on products they partially createdhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA_effect
Beware the objective and subjective aspects of creative ideation
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http://www.google.com/googlebooks/chrome/index.html
Creativity requires clear feedbackInsincere support is poison
“Learn to say 'no' to the good so you can say 'yes' to the best.”John C. Maxwell
Learn (when) to say ‘no’ to new ideas51
Top creativity traits: persistence and flexibility52
http://www.fastcompany.com/pivot
http://www.fastcompany.com/1836238/how-eric-ries-coined-pivot-and-what-your-business-can-learn-it
Greg Kinnear in Flash of Genius (2008) http://www.imdb.com
A modular new-generation global platform for future vehicles in the C & D segments (half of PSA Peugeot Citroën
production). A single platform for a range of body styles: hatchback and saloon, coupé, cabriolet, estate, MPV and SUV
http://www.psa-peugeot-citroen.com/en/inside-our-industrial-environment/innovation-and-rd/emp2-the-new-efficient-modular-platform-by-psa-peugeot-citroen-article
http://www.psa-peugeot-citroen.com/en/inside-our-industrial-environment/innovation-and-rd/emp2-the-new-efficient-modular-platform-by-psa-peugeot-citroen-article
http://www.psa-peugeot-citroen.com/en/inside-our-industrial-environment/innovation-and-rd/emp2-the-new-efficient-modular-platform-by-psa-peugeot-citroen-article
Concept variation: more important than concept generation?
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Youn-Kyung Lim, Erik Stolterman, and Josh Tenenberg. 2008. The anatomy of prototypes: Prototypes as filters, prototypes as manifestations of design ideas. ACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact. 15, 2, Article 7 (July 2008), 27 pages.
“Sketch models” or low-fidelity models are quick and inexpensive physical representations of ideas
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http://www.computerhistory.org/revolution/input-output/14/350
Pei, E., Campbell, R.I., and Evans, M.A., “A taxonomic classification of visual design representations used by industrial designers and engineering designers”. Accepted for publication in The Design Journal 14.1, Spring 2011.
Pei, E., Campbell, R.I., and Evans, M.A., “A taxonomic classification of visual design representations used by industrial designers and engineering designers”. Accepted for publication in The Design Journal 14.1, Spring 2011.
Pei, E., Campbell, R.I., and Evans, M.A., “A taxonomic classification of visual design representations used by industrial designers and engineering designers”. Accepted for publication in The Design Journal 14.1, Spring 2011.
Pei, E., Campbell, R.I., and Evans, M.A., “A taxonomic classification of visual design representations used by industrial designers and engineering designers”. Accepted for publication in The Design Journal 14.1, Spring 2011.
Why prototype?
• Reduce uncertainty• Make assumptions explicit
• Learn a specific feature or property
• Evaluate alternatives• Gather feedback and data
• Communicate a key decision
• Explore a range of values across variables• Safety and ergonomics
• Test manufacturing and assemblies
Prototyping: an essential creative practice55
http://martini.mitplw.com/blog/?p=954
http://www.studiotilt.com/blog/2011/02/03/the-hub-kings-cross-co-design-workshop/http://paipr.wordpress.com/projects/rapid-low-fi-prototyping/
http://www.robives.com/blog/swinging_legs_experiment
Low-Fidelity Prototyping (Quick and Dirty):Immediate and sketchy physical representations using paper, cardboard and any available parts
Interactive Toy: 3 day tutorialhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mt4V5kojU8E
Prototyping images
Prototyping images
Prototyping images
Prototyping images
minecraft.net
Keurig individual serving coffee brewer
100 dpi
100 dpi
http://www.keurig.com/
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0.07 0.08 0.09 0.1 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.14
Radius of Hole (cm)
Bit
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cm
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or
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min
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Perc
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f T
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Satu
rate
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Bitterness
Time
% Saturation
Tea brewer
liquid
containment
electrical supply
electrical conversion
thermal energyfilt er, tea
containment
ice/tea
containment
electricity
water
water
thermal energy
tea thermal energy
icetea
thermalenergy
18 in.
9 in.
Twitter: @sarvidefer
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Key Q’s Functionality being tested?Scales, assemblies and materials?
Structural behaviour and costs?
Physical or virtual prototype?Decisions to build model/prototype:
materials, processes, time, modifications…
Single plan or replan?Parallel or serial prototypes?
Simultaneous or iterative?
Important Good investment: plan resources & timeMake your goals and questions explicit
Learn from your models and prototypes: test, measure, modify them
Document, record and analyse evidence
“Fail Early, Fail Fast and Fail Often”
http://www.lunar.com/failure-is-always-an-option/http://www.fastcodesign.com/1663968/wanna-create-a-great-product-fail-early-fail-fast-fail-often
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hp8Q0ZQLyBAhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nw4fFdgZYOY
https://wiki.cc.gatech.edu/designcomp/images/d/d7/Leonardo-New-Makers.pdf
http://techcrunch.com/2012/10/09/wireds-chris-anderson-todays-maker-movement-is-the-new-industrial-revolution-tctv/
http://www.boardofinnovation.com/business-prototyping/
“The future is already here … it's just not evenly distributed”
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http://www.deloitte.com/assets/Dcom-BruneiDarussalam/Local%20Assets/Documents/The-Future-Manufacturing.pdf
http://storyofstuff.org/movies/the-story-of-solutions/
http://dowser.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/triple-bottom-line-environment-2-mar11.jpg
The future of design is sustainable design57
http://storyofstuff.org/movies/the-story-of-solutions/
“The real potential for reducing overall resource use and pollution comes from reducing what we use (make stuff last longer, borrow stuff instead of buying it, turn
to community rather than stuff for meaning and entertainment, etc.) and re-using (repair, upcycle,
share, buy used, donate rather than dispose of stuff)”
Hybrid cars and fuel efficient engines are incremental
improvements
Car sharing, personal vehicles and massive public transport are game-
changing solutions
http://www.solidworks.com/sustainability/products/calculator/index.htm
The goal of design is to make the world better58
http://www.happyplanetindex.org/
http://99u.com/articles/7216/the-rules-of-randomness-how-you-can-stand-apart
The Ten Year ‘Miracle’ of the poster child for design and innovation
NASDAQ AAPL: Jobs returned to Apple in 1997.
iMac was introduced in 1998, iPod in 2001, iPhone in 2007
Study ‘successful’ cases59
“Whirlpool Corporation's Global Consumer Design Studios are based in four locations - North America, Mexico, Europe and Asia - reflecting strong connections with the Company’s global
vision “Every Home, Everywhere” and its truly global approach to design”
Design is “glocal” and cross-disciplinary60
“No longer is a product designed, produced and sold in a single country or even a single region”
http://www.deloitte.com/assets/Dcom-BruneiDarussalam/Local%20Assets/Documents/The-Future-Manufacturing.pdfhttp://www.bus.umich.edu/NewsRoom/ArticleDisplay.asp?news_id=25260
“The 787 has faced a lot of problems [that] can be traced to the difficulties of managing a globally outsourced supply chain”
http://www.adobe.com/fr/enterprise/plm_popup.html
"PLM or Product Life cycle Management is a process or system to manage the data and design process associated with the life of a product from its conception and envisioning through its manufacture, to its retirement and disposal. PLM manages data, people, business processes, manufacturing
processes, and anything else pertaining to a product” Aras
http://www.3ds.com/fileadmin/PRODUCTS/CATIA/OFFERS/CATIA-PLM-EXPRESS/PDF/CATIA-PLM-EXPRESS.pdf
Future design is open, collaborative, accessible61
Massimo Banzi: How Arduino is open-sourcing imaginationhttp://www.ted.com/talks/massimo_banzi_how_arduino_is_open_sourcing_imagination.html
http://maketools.com/
Dale Dougherty: We are makers
http://www.ted.com/talks/dale_dougherty_we_are_makers.html
http://www.slideshare.net/masscustom/frank-piller-open-innovation-customer-cocreation
http://www.slideshare.net/frogdesign/making-clients-part-of-the-design-process
http://www.slideshare.net/frogdesign/making-clients-part-of-the-design-process
http://www.slideshare.net/frogdesign/making-clients-part-of-the-design-process
“Good Design”
www.designother90.org/
https://olabsutd.wordpress.com/
www.projecthdesign.org
http://d-lab.mit.edu/
www.designagainstcrime.com/
www.designtoimprovelife.dk/
http://www.openideo.com
What if money didn't matter ? - Alan Watts
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3MxRIn-C4zU
http://www.flickr.com/photos/53139634@N00/537823276/in/photolist-Pwu87-PwubW-X569S-217jto-22TxWf-23K7vC-2yv95Q-2S4CYx-34KUkn-34Vhdw-36AevE-37LW5V-3841ZU-388wJr-38BsmL-3bDVYt-3duPax-3hySX3-3p2JUe-3JDbWM-3Putvo-3TnzjT-47PnRk-4gNcBE-4k8gUR-4kr4Fj-4kzzjz-4mmhzH-4pZDCW-4v6hdp-4vyG5u-4wUnTf-4BqJCo-4KaG5E-4NHRaz-4Q1Hr5-4SfLVu-4VLNZi-4Wkiuw-4X46Ka-4XmaM1-4XmcQ7-4Xz3xq-4XMVQw-4ZScua-53qMTL-53QGU2-55TSMz-55U9br-55Up6H-55YkTj
http://image.made-in-china.com/2f0j00bvETPMHGaOoI/Disposable-Box-SL-B001-.jpg
http://www.flickr.com/photos/27972601@N04/4001111225/in/photolist-76yJYi-7fedU4-8RQ5s2-8Jtrbu-bDqZkN-8Mjbpv-ejE9s8-9UT1GJ-hv9PRh-dzT72S-9SN1Bo-aZZWsV-bFcat7-bU6UTT-bFcaCh-gGdXtf-8MtKoM-bU6V4p-bU6UPp-bFcaou-8MtKFz-bFcaw1-bvP5bC-bi4pox-bFcam5-c3n9xo-bAGbDp-7UTGmp-fqdsXE-fqdEX7-8iWjUV-8iGvZH-8iKKK5-8iGwMr-841JEe-fpYof8-94rjXs-9z6zLi-aBMmGD-gxcTGo-g8WxJ7-g6EiDB-bi4omP-9BjKTD-8iKFJQ-bEVzau-bU6UVR-9BjL6c-fpYrQi-fpYhCV-djdTZQ
http://www.asknature.org/
Nature has already solved many of the problems we are grappling with
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http://biomimicry.net/about/biomimicry/biomimicry-designlens/
http://biomimicry.net/about/biomimicry/biomimicry-designlens/
Example: Based on the ‘golf ball problem’, we ask Nature ‘how to locate an object?’:
www.asknature.org/search?category=default&query=Locate+an+object
Reference
Design for, by, with robots
Robots as target users, robots for evaluation of spaces, robots as decision-making tools
https://www.flickr.com/photos/snazzyguy/
The future is technology + design63
Robots-environment incompatibility
https://www.flickr.com/photos/13963375@N00/
‘Robot-in-the-loop’ process: robot
interacts with the built environment to
assess design features and
inductively build insights
Design heuristics extracted with Roomba
- Furniture corners
- Furniture legs number and configuration
- Room layout
- Contrast light/dark materials
Spatial arrangements and furniture characteristics
Analysis of Roomba-inclusive solutions
Analysis of Roomba-inclusive solutions
Furniture leg shape effects
NextRobot-inclusive
http://www.processing.org/http://littlebits.cc/about
http://www.bluentcad.com/services/revit-bim-services.html
http://www.slideshare.net/frogdesign/china-creators-and-consumers-of-the-future
http://www.slideshare.net/frogdesign/china-creators-and-consumers-of-the-future
Be creative, use creativity tools64
sprinwisspringwise.com
‘Nudge’
http://nudges.org
http://www.oszillab.net/research.phphttp://www.designandemotion.org/
http://www.cogsci.nl/stimulus-setshttp://staff.science.uva.nl/~aloi/
http://www.io.tudelft.nl/?id=24013&L=1
Put it in action!65
http://candychang.com/before-i-die-in-nola/