access to information and persons with special needs albert k. boekhorst
TRANSCRIPT
Access to Information and persons with special needs
Albert K. Boekhorst
Content
Access to information Information Literacy Being disabled in the knowledge society
To survive, relax, develop etc.
People, organisations and nations need knowledge on:
Themselves Their physical environment Their social environment
Information Space
Observation: objects & processes Conversation: persons Consultation: stored, recorded information
‘memory institutions’
Both real and virtual
Personal information space
Information Needs
Environment
Social role
Personal
characteristics
Personal Information
needs
Barriers
Economic Political Affective Cognitive Personal characteristics
‘Survival of the Fittest’
Those who are better than others capable to satisfy their information needs in an effective and efficient way, are more capable to survive and develop themselves than … those with less advantageous traits ...
After Charles Darwin
"...it is not the strongest of the species that survive, nor the most intelligent, but the one most responsive to change...“
Therefore a need to be ‘Information Literate’
Informatisation process
Ongoing control over natural forces ‘technization Ongoing differentiation: social and technical ‘differentiation’ Expanding of interdependency networks ‘globalisation’
©akb Reinwardt 2006 9
Effects for people
Exponential growth of information, information media, information channels and information services
Growth of technology, tools and applications to retrieve, process and disseminate information
Changes in communication patterns and behaviour
‘Connected’ 24/7
21st century
Working ‘In the Cloud’
In how many clouds?
Working ‘In the Cloud’
Information literacy Increasing complexity of environment
leads to need for more skills to select, retrieve and process information
External factors create backlog
American Library Association (1989) Information literacy is a set of abilities
requiring individuals to recognize when information is needed and have the ability to locate, evaluate, and use effectively the needed information
Further
2003 Prague Declaration "Towards an Information Literate Society" and
Information Society 2005 Alexandria Declaration
Beacons of the Information Society 2012 UNESCO / IFLA Recommendation
Aspects
1. Recognition information need
2. Translation information need into query
3. Identification suitable information source
4. Application knowledge of relevant ICT
5. Selection, integration, dissemination of found information.
6. Continuous evaluation
recognize information need
formulate information query
knowledge information sources
knowledge of ICT appliations
selection intergration dissemination
K K’
E1 E2 E3 E4
E5
1 2 3 4 5
1 E1 = evaluation moment= knowledge product
SCONUL 7 pillars of information literacy
Recognise information need
Distinguish ways of addressing gap
Construct strategies for locating
Synthesise and create
Organise, apply and communicate
Compare and evaluate
Locate and access
Info
rma
tion
Litera
cy
Basic Library Skills
&
IT Skills
http://www.sconul.ac.uk/
Related terms
Information competencies
User training
Library orientation
Information skills
Information fluency
Bibliographic instruction
User education
Information literacy
Harris & Hodges (1995)
Adult literacy Advanced literacy Basic literacy Biliteracy Community literacy Computer literacy Critical literacy Cultural literacy Emergent literacy Family literacy
Functional literacy Informational literacy Marginal literacy Media literacy Minimal literacy Restricted literacy Survival literacy Visual literacy Workplace literacy
IL and Media Literacy
Expert meetings UNESCO Paris June 2008
Teacher Training Curricula for Media and information Literacy
Bangkok November 2010 Towards Media and Information Literacy Indicators
3 concepts
The ICT concept: Information literacy refers to the competence to use ICT to
retrieve and disseminate information. The information (re)sources concept:
Information literacy refers to the competence to find and use information independently or with the aid of intermediaries.
The information process concept: Information literacy refers to the process of recognizing
information need, the retrieving, evaluating, use and dissemination of information to acquire or extend knowledge.
Information inequality
Participating majority Information elite
Excluded
Information Rich - Poor
personrich
poor
enviro
nm
ent
richpoor
A = Information Rich person in Information Rich environment
A
C = Information Rich person in Information Poor environment
C
D = Information Poor person in Information Rich environment
D
B = Information Poor person in Information Poor environment
B
C’ A’
How: by learning
In the socialisation process: ‘By doing’ Formal education Informal education
Becoming information literate
Cannot be learned in a distinct subject Integrated in any subject Coordination between ‘teachers’ & ‘librarians’
So far ‘Information literacy’
Is a container concept It’s a dynamic concept Being ‘Information Literate’ is a competence:
a critical Attitude about: What am I doing? What for am I doing this? With what am I doing this?
Knowledge about: the organization and quality of information resources and -channels acquiring access to information
Skills: being able to use required skills and technology Part of Life Long Learning
Disabilities: Umbrella term
Impairments Activity limitations Participation restrictions
World report on disability
About 15% of the world's population lives with some form of disability, of whom 2-4% experience significant difficulties in functioning. The global disability prevalence is higher than previous WHO estimates, which date from the 1970s and suggested a figure of around 10%. This global estimate for disability is on the rise due to population ageing and the rapid spread of chronic diseases, as well as improvements in the methodologies used to measure disability.
http://www.who.int/disabilities/world_report/2011/en/index.html
Disability: Umbrella term
Physical Cognitive Mental Sensory Emotional Developmental or some combination of these.
Communication development
Oral Writing / Printing Telegraph / Telephone Digital
Revelant for IL
Seeing Hearing Movement
E-Accessibility
Refers to the ease of use of information and communication technologies (ICTs), such as the Internet, by people with disabilities. Web sites need to be developed so that disabled users can access the information. For example: for people who are blind, web sites need to be able to be interpreted by
programmes which read text aloud and describe any visual images; for people who have low vision, web pages need adjustable sized fonts
and sharply contrasting colours; and for people who are deaf or hard of hearing, audio content should be
accompanied by text versions of the dialogue. Sign language video can also help make audio content more accessible.
http://www.abilityhub.com/index.htm
Stephen William Hawking
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=imowUYQnVSY&feature=youtu.be
U.S. President Barack Obama talks with Stephen Hawking in the Blue Room of the White House before a ceremony presenting him and fifteen others the Presidential Medal of Freedom on 12 August 2009. The Medal of Freedom is the nation's highest civilian honour.http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=imowUYQnVSY&feature=youtu.be
