ABRAHAM MASLOW’S THEORY

ABRAHAM HAROLD MASLOW

MASLOW WAS BORN ON 1 APRIL 1908 AT BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

MASLOW COMPLETED HIS EDUCATION IN THE FIELD OF PSYCOLOGY.

HE IS KNOWN FOR MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS.

MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS

Self-actualization

Self-esteem

Social needs

Safety needs

Physiological needs

LEVEL-1 Physiological needs

Physiological needs

Physiological needs are the physical requirements for human survival.

Physiological needs are thought to be the most important, they should be met first.

Air, water, food, clothing and shelter are the metabolic requirements for survival for all human beings

LEVEL-2 SAFETY NEEDS

SAFETY NEEDS

With their physical needs relatively satisfied, the individual's safety needs take precedence and dominate behavior.

Safety and Security needs include:

Personal securityFinancial securityHealth and well-beingSafety net against accidents/illness and their adverse impacts

LEVEL-3 SOCIAL NEEDS

Social needs are those related to interaction with others.According to Maslow, humans need to feel a sense of belonging and acceptance among their social groups, regardless if these groups are large or small. For example, some large social groups may include clubs, co-workers, religious groups, professional organizations, sports teams, etc. Some examples of small social connections include family members, mentors, colleagues.

LEVEL-4 SELF ESTEEM

At the fourth level in Maslow’s hierarchy is the need for appreciation and respect. People need to sense that they are valued and by others and feel that they are making a contribution to the world. Participation in professional activities, academic accomplishments, athletic or team participation, and personal hobbies can all play a role in fulfilling the esteem needs.People who are able to satisfy the esteem needs by achieving good self-esteem and the recognition of others tend to feel confident in their abilities.

LEVEL-5 SELF ACTUALIZATION

Self-actualization needs: desire for personal achievement or mission in his life.Self-actualized people have frequent occurrence of peak experiences which are energized moments of profound happiness and harmony.According to Maslow, only a samll percentage of population Reaches the level of self-actualization.

CRITICISMS

Researchers have proved that there is lack of hierarchical structure of needs as suggested by Maslow.Some people may have deprived for lower level needs but strive for self –actualization.Measurement of satisfaction of needs is not possible.