abb end-to-end microgrid solutions...power microgrid control system energy storage and grid...
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— BROCHURE
End-to-end microgrid solutionsFrom consulting and advisory services to design and implementation
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— Since Superstorm Sandy in 2012, which affected 8.5 million people in the northeastern United States, policy makers, regulators and smart grid professionals have been under increasing pressure from consumers to improve grid reliability and resiliency with solutions to avoid prolonged power outages brought about by extreme weather conditions.
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— Microgrids can help mitigate the effects of these extreme events, but development projects struggle to build a clear business case. It is critical to understand the value that a microgrid can provide during an extended outage, but what is often overlooked is the range of functions that microgrid assets can perform to create value during the 99% of the time that the microgrid is connected to the grid.
By leveraging this additional value, utilities may find it much easier to justify the investment in microgrids, thereby avoiding a potentially difficult situation with their constituents when disaster does strike and critical loads are down for extended periods of time.
• Access to electricity• Maximize reliability• Uninterrupted supply• Reduce environmental impact
1. Stabilizing2. Spinning reserve3. STATCOM (static
synchronous compensator)4. Seamless transition
between islanded and grid-connected states
Renewable power
Microgrid control system
Energy storage and grid stabilization
• Maximize renewable energy contribution
• Fuel & cost savings• Fuel independence• Provide grid services
5. Standalone operation6. Smoothing7. Shaving8. Shifting
Operational goals
ABB power system functions – “8S”
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— What are today’s energy challenges?Improving grid reliability and resiliency is one of the main concerns for energy providers, consumers and policy makers. Severe weather is the single leading cause of power outages in the United States (US). The Department of Energy (DOE) estimates the cost of power-related outages to the US economy is about $150 billion in damages annually and 90% of those electrical outages occurs on the distribution system. These costs are expected to increase as climate change results in more hurricanes, tornadoes, blizzards, etc. On the other hand, upgrading aging transmission and distribution systems could cost as much as $1.5 trillion by 2030 in the US*. The transition from the traditional centralized grid to distributed generation can both reduce outages and defer upgrading the aging infrastructure.
— Why are traditional energy sources obsolete?Power systems are undergoing a major transformation of their energy sources, from centralized fossil-fuel-based power plants to distributed renewable energy resources. This transition is due to the declining cost of renewables and energy storage technologies, and the need to support global energy policies for mitigating carbon emissions.
Integrating advanced sensing and control technologies with communication capabilities is transforming the traditional grid into the “smart grid.” The goal is to make the system more reliable, efficient, and secure through environmental initiatives such as carbon emission reduction. The smart grid has two-way communication between the utlities and its customers, real-time monitoring and control, two-way power flow, and multi-stakeholder interactions.
— What is the definition of a microgrid?According to the US DOE Microgrid Exchange Group, a microgrid can be defined as “a group of interconnected loads and distributed energy
resources within clearly defined electrical boundaries that acts as a single controllable entity with respect to the grid. A microgrid can connect and disconnect from the grid to enable it to operate in both grid-connected or island mode.”
Microgrids can be categorized as remote, commercial and industrial, utility distribution, community or military. Remote microgrids, also called “island” or “off-grid,” are in geographically-remote areas with a weak interconnection to the utility. Commercial and industrial microgrids have single or multiple ownership; the typical customers could be mining or oil & gas companies, data centers, etc. Utility distribution microgrids enable managing distributed energy resources at the distribution system; the main barrier is the required regulatory reforms. Community microgrids are mainly residential, while campus microgrids are applied to multiple buildings with one ownership. The main goal of military microgrids is to focus on the cyber security of the reliable power. The microgrid operational goals and ABB’s microgrid power system functions, known as “8S,” are summarized in in figure 1.
— Figure 1Microgrid operational goals and ABB’s power system functions, nicknamed “8S”
* President’s Council of Economic Advisers and the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability, with assistance from the White House Office of Science and Technology, “Economic Benefits of Increasing Electric Grid Resilience to Weather Outages,” August 2013. Retrieved from: https://energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/08/f2/Grid%20Resiliency%20Report_FINAL.pdf.
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— What are the advantages of microgrids?Microgrids can improve power system reliability and reduce the duration of power outages in extreme weather conditions. A microgrid can manage the energy consumption of its own loads and, in some cases, sell back the excess electricity for ancillary services. The islanding capability of a microgrid enhances the resiliency of the system in severe weather situations by providing electricity to the critical load without any interconnection to the grid. Additionally, with the increasing penetration of distributed generation in the system, power is often generated near the location of loads, which reduces the need to upgrade transmission lines.
— What are the risks without a microgrid solution?Utilities that do not provide resiliency in severe weather conditions can be issued penalties based on the power outage duration, resource reduction and storm reaction times. The state of Massachusetts issued an unprecedented $24.8 million in fines against three utilities for their inadequate response to the power outages that kept hundreds of thousands of people in the dark after Tropical Storm Irene and the Halloween snowstorm in 2011.
— Why and how should you evaluate a microgrid solution?Microgrids not only address the technical issues of traditional power systems, but also provide financial benefits to their stakeholders. It is critical to understand the value that a microgrid can provide during both the islanded and grid-connected modes.
Utilities can benefit from the reduction in outages, deferral of upgrading aging transmission and distribution infrastructures, resource adequacy and transmission congestion relief. Microgrid owners can reduce the demand charge, increase renewable penetration and manage time-of use electricity bills. Another revenue stream comes from the market participation of the microgrid entity in providing independent system operator services including energy arbitrage, frequency regulation, spin/non-spin reserves and voltage support.
Despite the benefits of implementing a microgrid solution, evaluating and embarking on such a project can be daunting and resource-intensive. ABB can help.
— “To achieve commercial deployment of microgrids, manufacturers must offer modular and scalable solutions, simplifying the microgrid installation process. One example of such modular and scalable solution is offered by ABB. The containerized solution can be transported, installed and commissioned in a safe and fast manner....The development of modular and scalable microgrids can increase the volume of deployments, allowing financial institutions to aggregate installations and perform risk analyses on the total portfolio. This can facilitate financing for smaller microgrid installations that might otherwise have been considered too risky by financial institutions.”
Global Smart Grid Foundation, “Status and Insights on Microgrids: From Pilot to Commercial Deployment,” August 2017. Retrieved from http://www.globalsmartgridfederation.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/microgrids.pdf.
Solar invertersTurnkey stations,
central, string
Emax2 circuit breaker with microgrid
capabilities
Microgrid portfolio
Nanogrid portfolio
Grid stabilization and energy storage
PowerStore™
Control systemMicrogrid Plus
System engineering and advisory
MV switchgear
Distribution transformers
Substations
Village electrification / small commercial
PowerStore™ Hybrid
Channels to marketMining
Marine port electrification
MGS100
PV/diesel kitString inverter(s) plus
PV diesel controller
Power convertersPCS
REACT: PV inverter + battery storage
Nanogrids
Home / building automation
String inverters
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—Unmatched microgrid expertise
ABB has developed a range of lifecycle management, consulting and integration services that enable our customers to achieve the maximum return on investment in their microgrid projects, from the initial design concept and throughout a long service life. ABB provides a complete solution for microgrid projects, from consulting services and analyzing the business and technical case, to project execution by implementing products such as our Microgrid Plus control system and PowerStore™. Figure 2 illustrates ABB’s microgrid and nanogrid portfolio.
—Figure 2ABB’s microgrid and nanogrid portfolio
• Feasibility studies• Grid impacts, power system analysis• Reliability and resiliency impacts• Outage reduction, uninterruptable power supply• Renewable energy contribution• Environmental impacts and emission reduction• Integrating energy storage and second life EV batteries considering lifecycle management
• Analyzing provided ancillary services
• Internal rate of return (IRR), return on investment (ROI), payback in years, etc.
• Fuel independence and cost savings• Additional revenue for multiple applications• Sensitivity analysis on utility rates, renewable incentives, etc.• Electric market participation• Ownership models
Microgrid technical evaluation
ABB microgrid consulting and advisory
ABB microgrid control systems ABB microgrid products
Microgrid financial evaluation as a business case
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— ABB Microgrid Consulting ServicesABB offers advisory and consulting services throughout a microgrid project, with the goal of finding the optimal solution that maximizes the value of the assets and financial investment. A list of these consulting services is shown in figure 3 above.
Microgrid options and benefits are evaluated based on the cost-benefit analysis of integrating different renewable and energy storage options providing peak-shaving, load shifting, net metering, fuel reduction, power quality and reliability improvements, and ancillary services.
— Best candidates for microgrid solutionsCompanies within the commercial and industrial, utility distribution, community, remote, and military market segments are all perfect candidates to develop microgrids. ABB produces detailed business cases to assist in evaluating microgrid solutions for mining, commercial and industrial, port and harbor applications.
Visit our blogsite, ABB Energy Market Intelligence, for our latest posts about microgrids.
—Figure 3ABB’s technical and financial evaluation services for microgrids
