a world of work and learning in the 21st century

Steven Glyer

Director Education Technology and CTE

Newport-Mesa Unified School District

Elementary

Elementary

High School

Elementary

High School

College

Elementary

High School

Family

College

Elementary

High School

FamilyMarriage

College

Elementary

High School

FamilyMarriage

College

Career

$1 Trillion Dollars$1 Trillion Dollars

http://www.comstock.com/web/search/loupe.asp?Image=KS88216.JPG&Type=RF&CatID=&LightboxID=&NoPopUP=T

3,000,000,000 people3,000,000,000 people

year 2000year 2000

$250

$275

$300

$325

$350

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

AVERAGE WEEKLY EARNINGS from 1970 to 2005 (in 1982 dollars)

Commission on the Skills of the American Workforce Report:

America’s Choice: High Skills or Low Wages

Released Spring 1990

Commission on the Skills of the American Workforce Report:

America’s Choice: High Skills or Low Wages

Released Spring 1990

Released December 2006

The Report of the New Commission

On the Skills of the American Workforce

Engineering Graduates

950,000


United States

60,000

950,000


United States

60,000

950,000 135,000

NumberONE

NumberONE

AerospaceAerospace

WasteManagement

WasteManagement Health

CareHealthCare

EntertainmentEntertainment

EnergyEnergy

BioTechnology

BioTechnology

NanoTechnology

NanoTechnology

AutomotiveAutomotive

20th Century

$1 Trillion Dollars$1 Trillion Dollars

http://www.comstock.com/web/search/loupe.asp?Image=KS88216.JPG&Type=RF&CatID=&LightboxID=&NoPopUP=T

21st Century

Moving work, but not people

from rich nations to poor nations.

What nation, rich or poor, is there greater incentive to automate?

What nation, rich or poor, is there greater incentive to automate?

Expertise

Flexibility Learn Fast

CHALLENGECHALLENGE

Schools Today

Created for the 20th CenturyCreated for the 20th Century

FactoryWorkers

FarmWorkers

Learning & Thinking Skills

• Critical Thinking & Problem Solving Skills

• Creativity & Innovation Skills

• Communication & Information Skills

• Collaboration Skills

• Contextual Learning

• Information & Media Literacy

Creativity: The ability to see patterns and possibilities where others see chaos.

Innovation: Acting on these patterns or possibilities to produce goods and services.

4 Year College BA Degree4 Year College BA Degree

“One Way to Win”

• Pressure• High Stakes Testing• Globalization• Professional Careers• All Decent Jobs Will

Require a BA

• Social Class & Status• Prejudice Against

Non-professional Work

• Equal Opportunity• Open Admission• Financial Aid

• NCLB

Post High SchoolPost High School

For every twenty 9TH graders


6 graduates are work-bound


6 graduates are work-bound 6 drop out



8 become college freshman

6 drop out




6 drop out

4 are college dropouts




4 graduate from college

6 drop out






2 secure high skills/high wage occupations

6 drop out







6 drop out


2 are underemployed

Remedial Educationin Higher Education

Source: National Center for Education Statistics, 2000b

Demand for Higher Educationto the Year 2010

Source: US Dept. Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2004

Degree Supply Demand% Under-

Employed

Doctoral 47,100 76,000 0%

Master’s 439,000 63,400 86%

Bachelor’s 1,324,000 730,400 45%

What Work Requires

Source: Silvestri Study, 1997

Job Growth

Occupation % Growth 2002 2012

Environmental

Engineers38.2%

Accountants &

Auditors19.5%

Source: U.S. Dept. of Labor’s Monthly Labor Review (Hecker, 2004, p. 80)

Job Growth

Occupation % Growth 2002 2012

Environmental

Engineers38.2% 47,000 65,000

Accountants &

Auditors19.5% 1,055,000 1,260,000

Source: U.S. Dept. of Labor’s Monthly Labor Review (Hecker, 2004, p. 80)

“The largest source of job openings is NOT from job growth but from the need to replace individuals who retire.”

What Does Business Want?

Distribution of Work

Distribution of Work 1

2

7

Orange County – Education/Training Requirements for Occupations

3%7%

19%

6%

8%

19%

38%

Graduate Degree

BA + Experience

BA Degree

AA Degree

12 Month OJT

1-12 Month OJT

30 Day OJT

Source: California Employment Development Dept, 2005

Occupations Requiring Higher EducationJob Growth & Average Hourly Wage

Occupation Job Growth ‘02-’12 Ed/Training Req Avg Hr Wage – ‘05

Microbiologists 20 PhD $26.32

Postsecondary Teaches, All Other 7,350 PhD $40.61

Mental Health counselors 150 MA/MS $20.43

Librarians 140 MA/MS $27.65

Lawyers 920 LLD/MD $62.95

Family & General Practitioners 60 LLD/MD $70.18

Health Diagnosing & Treating Practitioners* 40 LLD/MD $32.41

General & Operations Manager 5,460 BA/BS + Exp $54.55

Administrative Services Managers 770 BA/BS + Exp $39.70

Financial Analysts 430 BA/BS $34.16

Computer Software Engineers, Applications 3,750 BA/BS $34.81

Electronics Engineers, except Computer 460 BA/BS $39.94

Market Research Analysts 810 BA/BS $31.39

Elementary School Teachers, except Sp Ed 5,010 BA/BS $27.81

Physician Assistants 110 BA/BS $37.85

25,480 $40.44Source: California Employment Development Dept, 2005

Occupations Requiring Low EducationJob Growth & Average Hourly Wage


Computer Support Specialists 1,460 AA $22.70

Registered Nurses 3,770 AA $32.28

Cooks, Restaurant 3,480 12 mos OJT $10.29

Carpenters 4,350 12 mos OJT $22.30

Medical Assistants 2,150 1-12 mos OJT $14.01

Customer Service Representatives 6,820 1-12 mos OJT $16.04

Construction Laborers 3,080 1-12 mos OJT $14.79

Textile Cutting Machine Setters, Ops & Tenders 690 1-12 mos OJT $8.69

Truck Drivers, Heavy & Tractor-Trailer 1,380 1-12 mos OJT $17.55

Nursing Aides, Orderlies & Attendants 1,920 30-days OJT $11.15

Security Guards 2,540 30-days OJT $10.20

Waiters & Waitresses 7,430 30-days OJT $8.34

Landscaping & Grounds keeping Workers 6,100 30-days OJT $10.69

Retail Salespersons 9,460 30-days OJT $13.12

Helpers, Construction Trades, All Other 90 30-days OJT $12.17

54,720 $14.67


Occupations Requiring Low EducationJob Growth & Average Hourly Wage


Computer Support Specialists 1,460 AA $22.70

Registered Nurses 3,770 AA $32.28

Cooks, Restaurant 3,480 12 mos OJT $10.29

Carpenters 4,350 12 mos OJT $22.30

Medical Assistants 2,150 1-12 mos OJT $14.01

Customer Service Representatives 6,820 1-12 mos OJT $16.04

Construction Laborers 3,080 1-12 mos OJT $14.79

Textile Cutting Machine Setters, Ops & Tenders 690 1-12 mos OJT $8.69

Truck Drivers, Heavy & Tractor-Trailer 1,380 1-12 mos OJT $17.55

Nursing Aides, Orderlies & Attendants 1,920 30-days OJT $11.15

Security Guards 2,540 30-days OJT $10.20

Waiters & Waitresses 7,430 30-days OJT $8.34

Landscaping & Grounds keeping Workers 6,100 30-days OJT $10.69

Retail Salespersons 9,460 30-days OJT $13.12

Helpers, Construction Trades, All Other 90 30-days OJT $12.17

54,720 $14.67

Four groups with technical skills 16.400 $22.03


IEP. . . . How about

Structuring the High School Program of Study

• Three broad objectives– Developing core academic skills– Developing career maturity– Preparation for post-high school transition

Gd. K-6 Gd. 7-8 Gd. 9-10 Gd. 11-12

Vocabulary

Meet the Parents

Explore Alternatives

Verify Those Alternatives






6 drop out


2 are underemployed






6 drop out


2 are underemployed

NOTWORKING

Tentative careerInterest identified

Career interestsVerified and refined

High School After High School

9th – 10th 11th – 12th 13th

Honors APHonors AP

BaccalaureateBaccalaureate

Pre-baccalaureate/Tech prep

Pre-baccalaureate/Tech prep

Work-basedLearning/co-op

CTE


CTE

CoreAcademic

CoreAcademic


CTE


CTE

Dualenrollment/

middlecollege

Dualenrollment/

middlecollege

Competitive4-year college

Competitive4-year college

4-year college4-year college

1- or 2-yearTechnical

college

1- or 2-yearTechnical

college

Full-time employmentApprenticeship

Military

Full-time employmentApprenticeship

Military

One Way to Win is a Myth

• Future economic security is a 4-yr degree• Mostly fiction with a dash of truth• Students believe this –

– 94% plan to continue their education– 84% at the baccalaureate level

• What profession at age 30– 49% male & 69% female PROFESSIONAL

• And this is regardless of a academic ability or interest


• Parent pressure is increasing– Today 83% sophomores– 10 years ago 65%

• Teachers and Counselors– 1982 32%– 1992 65%

• First hint that “One Way” has problems– At best, only half graduate from a 4-year

college


• We assume that all who go to college are academically qualified– But only 40% of high school grads have

academic readiness for college level work

• Thus when 60-70% who go off to college, the majority of these are unprepared

• And most who begin a 4-year college take remedial courses.

• And the majority who do, don’t graduate


• Second flaw is the scarcity of college-level jobs for those who do graduate– 1960’s 1 in 5 failed to find college-level work– 1990’s 1 in 3 failed– Today in accounting and teaching 1 in 2

• Third flaw is cost – student loans

• Finally the unmeasured cost to youth who give up


• We must reach out to parents

• Involve them in secondary course selection

• Must be given objective data on probabilities of their child’s success in different post-secondary alternatives

• And on the financial costs involved


• We need to create a systematic program for career development and guidance

• It should have 3 goals– By 10th grade identify one or more career

interests– In grades 11 and 12 verify those choices as

a basis for making post-secondary plans– Students should graduate with a post-

secondary plan that has a high probability of success


• But this target group is most likely to exhibit “career immaturity”

• They don’t know, so they go with the “one way to win” strategy

• They will continue to do this unless– An effort is made to develop a process– To confront the realities of their plans– And provide alternatives

SCHEMA FOR STUDENT PROGRESSION THROUGH THE SYSTEM

International Baccalaureate

(IB) Exams

State BoardTransfer

Examination

AdvancedPlacement

(AP) Exams

TechnicalExams

Choice of one or more of the exams above

Upper SecondaryAcademic Program(Nominal 2 Yrs., e.g., AP, IB)

RegionalVocational School,

Community orTechnical College

(Nominal 2-3 Years)

OptionalAdditionalAcademics

STATE BOARD QUALIFYING EXAMINATION

Common School(Nominal 10 Grades)

Preschool and Kindergarten

a world of work and learning in the 21st century

Documents

graders6 graduates

college dropoutsfor

college freshman6

college freshman4 graduate

dollars21st centurymoving

year college ba degreeone

poor nations

rich nations