a. wahner et al., geo-workshop 8.10.2009 fifteen years of routine aircraft observations - mozaic a....
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A. Wahner et al., GEO-workshop 8.10.2009
Fifteen Years of Routine Aircraft Observations - MOZAIC
A. Wahner, A. Volz-Thomas Research Centre Jülich
J.-P. CammasCNRS, Université de Toulouse
http://mozaic.aero.obs-mip.fr/
A. Wahner et al., GEO-workshop 8.10.2009
MOZAIC - Measurement of Ozone, Water Vapour, Carbon Monoxide, and Nitrogen Oxides by Airbus In-Service Aircraft
Passenger aircraft are a powerful observing platform for studies on• Atmospheric transport and chemical processes • Budgets of ozone and water vapor in the UT/LS
• Inter-annual variability and longterm trends
• Aircraft impact on the atmosphere
Ozone and water vapor in the UT/LS play a key role in climate• Large variability in space and time.
Comprehensive observations are needed for• the assessment of climate change• understanding the interactions between climate and atmospheric chemistry
A. Wahner et al., GEO-workshop 8.10.2009
MOZAIC (1994-2009)
1994-2001: ≈ 18000 flights with O3 & H2O2002-2008: ≈ 13000 additional flights with CO and NOy
A. Wahner et al., GEO-workshop 8.10.2009
Water Vapour – Ice SupersaturationMost important GHG (2/3 of warming due to water feedback)
• Control of relative humidity in the upper troposphere ?
• Global distribution highly variable (Ice supersaturation)
• Influence on radiation (directly and via cloud formation, -properties ?
0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175R elative H um idity [% , Ice]
0
2
4
6
8
10
Pro
pabi
lity
[%
]
ECMWF
MOZAIC
40N-60N
A. Wahner et al., GEO-workshop 8.10.2009
CO in the Upper Troposphere
Winter (DJF) Summer (DJF)
•Biomass burning over Africa •biomass burning •boreal regions •Africa
A. Wahner et al., GEO-workshop 8.10.2009
USA East
O3 CO
EU West
Trends in the Upper Troposphere
A. Wahner et al., GEO-workshop 8.10.2009
MOZAIC NOy JJA UT
ppb
High NOy in UT in summer (and spring):Convection and lightning
A. Wahner et al., GEO-workshop 8.10.2009
MOZART3 NOy JJA 2003 UT
ppb
High NOy not seen in global CTM simulations
A. Wahner et al., GEO-workshop 8.10.2009
MOZART3 NOy JJA 2003 BL
ppb
Surface sources are there:Convective transport too weak
A. Wahner et al., GEO-workshop 8.10.2009
MOZAIC data are essential for validation of new forecast systems in the framework of GMES
EU-Projects in preparation of the GAS
GEMS (2005-2009) FP6
MACC (2009-2012) FP7
(ECMWF, FZJ and CNRS)
A. Wahner et al., GEO-workshop 8.10.2009
Conclusions MOZAIC has provided 15 years of high resolution data in the
tropopause region (> 100 Mio km) and 50 000 vertical profiles
in the troposphere for climate and air quality research. Europe has a world leading position in this area MOZAIC data have been used in more than 130 publications The MOZAIC community is developing a new sustainable
infrastructure (IAGOS) which aims at continuing the observations with enhanced technology, more observables, and more aircraft for global coverage.
No other project in sight with similar capabilities
H2O, O3
H2O, O3,CO, NOy
H2O, O3, CO, CO2 NOy, NOx, aerosol, cloud particles
Scientific publications
1993 2001 20122005
MOZAIC IAGOS
CARIBIC
www.iagos.org
In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System European Research Infrastructure
A. Wahner et al., GEO-workshop 8.10.2009
MOZAIC – IAGOS Datasets for GEOSS
Parameter From Until IAGOS
Ozone 1994 2009 2010
Water Vapour 1994 2009 2010
Carbon Monoxide 2002 2009 2010
Odd Nitrogen (NOy) 2001 2006 2010
Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) 2010
Carbon Dioxide 2011
Methane 2011
Aerosol 2012
Cloud Particles 2010
http://mozaic.aero.obs-mip.fr/