A STUDY ON SHALLOW SOIL A STUDY ON SHALLOW SOIL PROPERTIES AND WATER PROPERTIES AND WATER

QUALITIES OF SALINE SOIL QUALITIES OF SALINE SOIL AREA IN AMPHOE AREA IN AMPHOE

THATPANOM AND RENU-THATPANOM AND RENU-NAKHON, NAKHON PANOM NAKHON, NAKHON PANOM

PROVINCEPROVINCE

Uma Seeboonruang, KMITLUma Seeboonruang, KMITL

Problem StatementProblem Statement

Project ObjectivesProject Objectives

IndicateIndicate t the salinity distribution both in he salinity distribution both in soil and surface water.soil and surface water.

Establish the relationship between soil Establish the relationship between soil salinity and other soil and groundwater salinity and other soil and groundwater properties.properties.

Study AreaStudy Area

MethodologyMethodology

Data Collection

Profile Soil Sampling

Surface & Ground Water Sampling

Sampling Location Determinations

Soil Experiments

In-situ measurement

Physical Properties

Chemical Properties

Chemical Properties

Simple & Multiple Linear Regression

Salinity Prediction Model

Results : Soil SalinityResults : Soil Salinity

Salinity(ppm)

0.00

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

0.45

0.0

0-0

.85

0.8

5-1

.40

1.4

0-1

.90

1.9

0-2

.40

2.4

0-2

.60

2.6

0-3

.15

0.0

0-0

.85

0.8

5-1

.30

1.3

0-1

.75

1.7

5-2

.35

2.3

5-2

.65

2.6

5-3

.00

0.0

0-0

.20

0.2

0-0

.60

0.6

0-1

.35

1.3

5-1

.85

1.8

5-2

.02

2.0

2-2

.64

2.6

4-2

.96

2.9

6-3

.65

3.6

5-3

.90

0.0

0-0

.45

0.4

5-2

.45

2.4

5-6

.45

6.4

5-8

.45

8.4

5-1

0.4

5

0.0

0-1

.45

1.4

5-3

.45

3.4

5-4

.45

4.4

5-7

.45

7.4

5-1

0.4

5

0.0

0-1

.45

1.4

5-4

.45

4.4

5-6

.45

6.4

5-8

.45

8.4

5-1

0.4

5

เขื่�� อนดิ�น ปากบั ง โ คกสว่�าง พิ�มาน ขื่อนกอง ว่ ดิสว่�าง

Below 138 m.msl.

Din Dam Pak Bang Kok Sawang Piman Khon Kong

W. Sawang

Salinity(ppm)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

0.0

0 -

0.2

0

0.2

0 -

0.4

5

0.4

5 -

0.7

0

0.7

0 -

1.0

0

0.0

0 -

0.1

5

0.1

5 -

0.4

5

0.4

5 -

0.6

0

0.6

0 -

1.0

5

1.0

5 -

1.5

5

1.5

5 -

2.4

0

2.4

0 -

3.2

0

0.0

0 -

0.9

0

0.9

0 -

1.0

0

1.0

0 -

1.2

0

1.2

0 -

1.6

5

1.6

5 -

1.9

5

1.9

5 -

2.2

0

0.0

0 -

0.4

5

0.4

5 -

1.1

0

1.1

0-

2.3

0

2.3

0 -

2.4

5

2.4

5 -

3.4

5

0.0

0 -

1.1

0

1.1

0 -

2.1

0

2.1

0 -

3.4

5

3.4

5 -

4.4

5

4.4

5 -

5.4

5

0.0

0 -

0.1

5

0.1

5 -

0.4

5

1.1

0 -

1.5

0

1.5

0 -

2.3

0

2.3

0 -

3.2

5

3.2

5 -

4.0

0

0.0

0 -

0.4

5

0.4

5 -

1.5

0

1.5

0 -

6.4

5

6.4

5 -

11.0

0

ดิงมะ เอก บั�อดิอกซ้�อน พิระซ้องน�อย น��าบั�อ1 น��าบั�อ2 ฉั นทะ ดิงมะ เอก2

Above 138 m.msl.

Dong Ma Eak

Bo Dok Sorn Pra Song Noi

Nam Bo Nam Bo Chan Ta Dong Ma Eak

Results : Groundwater SalinityResults : Groundwater Salinity

Locations Depth (m)Salinity (ppm) pH EC (uS/cm) TDS(ppm)

Kheun Din 0.8 0 5.3 5.5 2.76Ban Pak Bang 1.2 0 4.7 236.0 116.00

Ban Kok Sawang 0.4 - - - -Ban Pimai 0.9 0 5.6 273.0 173.00

Ban Khon Kong 4.9 - - - -Wat Sawang Arom 1.5 0 5.6 132.0 66.90Ban Dong Ma Eak 1.2 100 5.8 53.6 24.60Ban Bo Dong Sorn 1.5 4500 3.9 17010.0 9260.00Ban Pra Song Noi 1.5 7700 6.8 35700.0 18100.00

Ban Nam Bo I 0.9 100 8.0 326.0 490.00Ban Nam Bo II 0.9 6800 6.6 27200.0 14000.00Ban Chan Ta Pump Well 1800 6.8 7860.0 3970.00

Results: Surface water salinityResults: Surface water salinity

Analysis: Simple Linear Analysis: Simple Linear RegressionRegression

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

0 20 40 60

LL (%)

TDS

(ppm

)

Above 138 mmsl

Below 138 mmsl

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

0 20 40 60 80 100

#200

TDS

(ppm

)

Above 138 mmsl

Below 138 mmsl

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

-10 -5 0 5 10 15

Relative Depth (m)

TDS

(ppm

)

Above 138 mmsl

Below 138 mmsl

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

0 5000 10000 15000 20000

GW TDS (ppm)

TDS

(ppm

)

Above 138 mmsl

Below 138 mmsl

Analysis: Multiple Linear Analysis: Multiple Linear RegressionRegression

SUMMARY OUTPUT

Regression Statistics

Multiple R 0.766011472

R Square 0.586773576

Adjusted R Square 0.540231371

Standard Error 507.4115402

Observations 62

ANOVA

df SS MS F Significance F

Regression 5 20839053.95 4167810.791 16.18778077 7.49744E-10

Residual 57 14675588.85 257466.4711

Total 62 35514642.81

Independent Parameters Soil specific gravity

Groundwater TDS

Liquid limit

Water content

Relative depth

#200 passing

Dependent Parameter Soil TDS

Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value

Intercept 0 - - -

Water 23.69852903 7.62232592 3.109094163 0.002927456

GS -576.9689036 136.8429922 -4.216283892 8.97406E-05

LL 33.42934495 9.465918762 3.531547839 0.000826068

Relative Depth -65.10082996 30.29328032 -2.149018835 0.035892808

TDS 0.045555419 0.012897392 3.532141883 0.00082455

Water Content Line Fit Plot

0

1000

2000

3000

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Water Content

TDS

TDS

Predicted TDS

GS Line Fit Plot

0

1000

2000

3000

2.55 2.6 2.65 2.7 2.75 2.8 2.85 2.9

GS

TDS

LL Line Fit Plot

0

1000

2000

3000

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

LL

TDS

Rel Depth Line Fit Plot

0

1000

2000

3000

-10 -5 0 5 10 15

Rel Depth

TDS

GW TDS Line Fit Plot

0

1000

2000

3000

0 5000 10000 15000 20000

GW TDS

TDS

Soil TDS = 23.699 - 576.969 GS + 33.429 LL

- 65.100 Rel. Depth + 0.046 GW

TDS

Salinity = 0.797 TDS - 19.257

SummarySummary

Soil salinity is found in the area located Soil salinity is found in the area located above the 138 m.msl. and none is found in above the 138 m.msl. and none is found in the area below the contour line. the area below the contour line.

Highest salinity is found at Bo Dok Sorn Highest salinity is found at Bo Dok Sorn and Pra Song Noi.and Pra Song Noi.

Salinity is found in the surface water Salinity is found in the surface water nearby Dong Ma Eak, but little in the soil nearby Dong Ma Eak, but little in the soil and groundawter.and groundawter.

Summary (continued)Summary (continued)

No apparent relationship between soil No apparent relationship between soil salinity and other parameters when salinity and other parameters when analyzed by simple linear regression.analyzed by simple linear regression.

Increases in groundwater salinity and liquid Increases in groundwater salinity and liquid limit may have an influence on soil salinity. limit may have an influence on soil salinity.

Soil specific gravity, groundwater TDS, Soil specific gravity, groundwater TDS, liquid limit, water content, and relative liquid limit, water content, and relative depth are found to correlate with soil depth are found to correlate with soil salinitysalinity

Future ResearchFuture Research

Additional soil and water sampling and Additional soil and water sampling and testings.testings.

Shallow groundwater flow direction and Shallow groundwater flow direction and salinity distribution.salinity distribution.

Agricultural practices.Agricultural practices.

AcknowledgementAcknowledgement

Research Support Budget Research Support Budget

Fiscal year 2006 of Fiscal year 2006 of

Faculty of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,

King Mongkut’s Institute of King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Technology Ladkrabang,

ThailandThailand

Din Dam

Khon Kong

Piman

Kok Sawan

g

Wat Sawan

gPak Bang

Pra Song Noi

Bo Dok Sorn

Nam Bo

Chan Ta

Dong Ma Eak