a sense of place mississippi studies unit i. climate and water resources chapter 1
TRANSCRIPT
A Sense of PlaceMississippi StudiesUnit I
Mississippi’s Natural EnvironmentClimate and Water Resources
Chapter 1
Chapter 1 Terms• Location• Place• Human-environment
interaction• Movement• Region• Latitude• Longitude• Global Positioning System
(GPS)
• Natural environment• Climate• Weather• Precipitation• Tornado• Hurricane• Hydrologic cycle• Surface water• Ground water• Aquifer• Drainage basin
The Five Themes of Geography• Location - can be either absolute or relative• Place - its “sense” is determined by physical and
cultural characteristics• Human-environment interaction - how
humans use, adapt to, and change the environment
• Movement - concerns the ways people are linked with regions, cultures, and people beyond their immediate environment
• Regions - the world can be divided into these either by using natural or cultural characteristics
Mississippi’s Geographic Regions•Delta—Northwest Mississippi•Hills—Central and North Mississippi•Piney Woods—Southern Mississippi (We
live here)•Gulf Coast—a narrow strip of land
bordering the Gulf of Mexico
Location•Relative Location: describes where a place
is compared to other places.•Mississippi’s relative locations:
▫It is bordered on the east by Alabama, by Tennessee on the north, and by Arkansas and Louisiana on the West
▫Two bodies of water also border Mississippi Gulf of Mexico to the South Mississippi River to the West
▫350 miles long from north to south and 180 miles wide from east to west
Mississippi Relative Locations
Location (continued)• Absolute Location: precise position on Earth’s
surface.▫Latitude: distance north or south from equator▫Longitude: distance east or west from the prime
meridian at Greenwich, England.▫Mississippi lies between 30 and 35 degrees north
latitude and between 88 and 91 degrees west longitude
▫Global Positioning System (GPS): helps us determine the precise location of a place Used by companies and individuals to locate places
or determine where they are
Natural Environment• Includes such elements as climate, water,
landforms, soil, energy and mineral resources, vegetation, and wildlife.
•Four spheres of earth▫Atmosphere: blanket or air that surrounds the
Earth’s surface▫Lithosphere: outermost shell of the solid earth▫Hydrosphere: contains all the water that exists
on and within the solid surface of Earth▫Biosphere: contains all the regions that support
the Earth’s living things
Climate
•Mississippi’s climate is a humid subtropical one.▫Humid throughout the year and receive
ample amount of rainfall▫Summers are warm and hot; winters are
cool•Climate: long-term average or weather
(temperature and rainfall)•Weather: day-to-day conditions and
changes in the atmosphere for temperature, rainfall, wind, cloudiness, humidity, and air pressure
Climate in Mississippi• Mississippi’s climate attracts tourists in the winter for year-
round activities such as fishing and golfing and its beaches• Temperature in Mississippi
▫ Annual average temperature: 62 degrees Fahrenheit Lowest recorded: January 1966, Corinth (-19 degrees) Highest recorded: July 1930, Holly Springs (115 degrees)
▫ Summer Average Temperature: 81 degrees 70 to 100 days over 90 degrees each year
▫ Winter January is coldest month Average temperature 43 to 48 degrees in northern half; 48 to 53
degrees in southern half▫ More than 220 frost free days a year (good for agriculture)
Climate in Mississippi (continued)•Precipitation in Mississippi
▫Precipitation: rain, snow, sleet▫Mississippi’s average annual precipitation
is 52 inches (about 15 inches in winter and spring; 13 inches in summer, and 9 inches in fall)
▫Snow is very seldom in Mississippi▫Humidity is the ratio of moisture in the air.
The average relative humidity ranges from 76% (coast) and 70% (north). Humidity makes summers somewhat oppressive
Natural Hazards• Thunderstorms: can result in flash floods, which can
cause property and crop damage and occasionally result in death
• Lightning: 295 people killed or injured between 1959 and 1994
• Tornadoes: ▫generally occur during the spring and early summer
when warm moist air moving northward from the Gulf of Mexico meets colder air coming from the interior United States
▫Move counterclockwise and can reach speeds of up to 300 miles an hour
▫Usually travel in a southwest-to-northeast direction
TornadoesTornado Video
Natural Hazards (continued)•Hurricanes
▫storms that arise in the tropical Atlantic Ocean and cover hundreds of square miles.
▫Hurricane season is from June to October▫Storm becomes a Hurricane when winds are 74
miles an hour▫Hurricane Camille—August 1969—worst
hurricane to ever land in costal Mississippi▫Hurricane Katrina—August 2005—caused more
damage in Mississippi than any other hurricane on record (made landfall in New Orleans, LA)
Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale
Water Resources
Why is water important?
•It is vital to life•We drink it•We clean with it•We irrigate our crops with it•We transport goods on it•We generate electricity with it•We use it in our households and industries
Hydrologic Cycle
Rivers
•Mississippi River▫Forms Mississippi’s western border▫Drains the interior United States from the
Appalachian Mountains to the Rocky Mountains
Mississippi River
Rivers (continued)• Mississippi has nine major and two minor river systems.• Major River Systems that flow into the Mississippi River:
▫ Yazoo River▫ Big Black River▫ Bayou Pierre-Coles Creek▫ Homochitto River
• River Systems that flow south:▫ Noxubee-Tombigbee Rivers▫ Pearl River▫ Amite River▫ Pascagoula River▫ Biloxi-Wolf-Jourdan Rivers
Rivers (continued)
•Minor River systems:▫Yellow Creek (flows north into Tenn.)▫Mississippi River
Tuscumbia Hatchie
Reservoirs
•Pickwick Lake on the Tennessee River•Arkabutla Lake near Coldwater•Sardis Lake near Oxford•Enid Lake in Yalobusha County•Grenada Lake in Grenada•Ross Barnett Reservoir to the east of
Jackson
•Most were build to assist in flood control in the Delta