a mactier publication september 1969 b11/11...the twin masts will support the antennas of on -air...

A MACTIER PUBLICATION SEPTEMBER 1969

B11/11BROADCAST MANAGEMENT ENGINEERING

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September, I 969-BWE 3

SEPTEMBER 1 969/VOLUME 5/NUMBER 9

BM EBROADCASTMANAGEMENT/ENGINEERING

Editor:JAMES A. LIPPKE

Managing Editor:WALTER G. SALM

Assistant Editor:HILARY E. ABRAMSON

Art Director:KAREN WEINSTEIN

Editorial Director:GEORGE ROSTKY

Production Manager:ARLINE G. JACOBS

Circulation and Reader Service Manager:RITA MARKEL

Sales Promotion Manager:RHODA GLENNER

Research Manager:IRENE CHERVIN

Marketing Director:JACK LOW

President:RALPH E. RICHARDSON

This month's cover: Station automa-tion is rapidly approaching the "black -box" stage depicted in this month'scover design by artist Vince Lewis.Though your canned announcers maynot sound like Charlie McCarthy,there are lots of tricks for keepingyour automated station "live" sound-ing. For more details, see pages 22-32.

6 Broadcast Industry News

11 Focus on CATV15 Interpreting FCC Rules & Regulations

Nondiscrimination in Employment Practices

SPECIAL SECTION: AUTOMATION

22 Total Automation Helps BillingsPilot Station WTTV has completely integrated its automa-tion, including availabilities, programming and billing.

25 Broadcast Automation and the ComputerHow can a broadcaster best use a computer? When shouldhe use noncomputer automation?

28 Keeping up with the Competition at CHRLSmall -market operation demands tight budget control. Auto-mation was the answer for this Canadian a mer.

32 Hands-off TV SwitchingHere's a way to marry your manual and auto TV gear toa switching computer to relieve panic -period pressure.

37 Phase Correction Holds Colors SteadySwitching video sources can be a problem unless relativeline phases are equal. Here's how ABC does it.

41 Finals from the GarbageRaiding a-mers' garbage may turn up perfectly good tri-odes that can save you $$$ when rebottling your fm rig.

42 Seattle's King: Pro Movie Maker with Midas TouchSince copping the documentary film Oscar, King hasbeen putting Seattle on the film -making map.

46 Blind DJ Gives Radio Station New DimensionTim Hill is the only blind DJ known to do his own newsand run his own board.

48 No -Guess Tester Profiles Camera LensesA new no-nonsense lens calibrating system shows youexactly what your expensive TV lenses can do.

50 Getting Rid of Film StaticProcessors cause static buildup that's poison in film chains.Nuclear isotopes chase this static effectively.

51 Management RoundtableDoes Fm Always Have to Be Second -Best?

57 Broadcast Equipment74 Names in the News79 Crosstalk84 FCC Actions94 Editorial

Protecting SCA Transmission

Mactier Publishing Corp.820 Second Ave., New York, N.Y. 10017, 212 661-0450Also publishers of:BROADCAST EQUIPMENT BUYERS GUIDEEEEELECTRO-PROCUREMENT

B Pink

BM/ E, Broadcast Nlailagentent/Enginecriug, Is published monthly byMactier Publishing Corp. All notices pertaining to undeliverable mailor subscriptions should be addressed to 820 Second Ave., New York,N.Y. 10017.BM/E is circulated without charge to those responsible for stationoperation and for specifying and authorizing the purchase of equip-ment used in broadcast facilities. These facilities include a -m, fm,and TV broadcast stations; CATV systems; ETV stations, networksand studios; audio and video recording studios; consultants, etc.Subscription prices to others are: U.S., its possessions and Canada-$10.00 one year, $18.00 two years; elsewhere-$15.00 one year,$25.00 two years.Copyright ® 1969 by Mactier Publishing Corp., New York City.Controlled Circulation postage paid at Duluth, Minn.

4 September, 1969-13M/E

New Mark II Image Enhancer

Now we'veenhanced

the enhancer!The new CBS Laboratories' Mark II Image Enhancer-with "crispened comb filter"- delivers spectacular

picture clarity. You have to see it to believe it.

The new Mark II is the finest yet! It provides trulyeffective enhancing of both vertical and horizontaldetail.

A remarkable new CBS Laboratories' innovation,"crispened comb filter" separates chrominancesignals from luminance signals - to permit lumi-nance enhancing without chrominance signal dis-tortion. No degrading of color quality.

What's more - the exclusive "crispening" tech-nique works like an electronic retoucher .. . elimi-

nates unwanted noise . . . preserves picture detailenhancement.

Results? Spectacular! Details are sharper. Colorsare cleaner. Pictures have unbelievable clarity.

Amazingly enough - the Mark II costs less thanfirst generation models. Models for all cameras andNTSC program line.

You have to see it to believe it. Write us for ademonstration. Or better yet, call us collect:203-327-2000.

PROFESSIONALPRODUCTS

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September, I 969-BM/E 5

BROADCAST INDUSTRY

Free TV not indanger, says HydeAllegations that the FCC will takeaction leading to the demise offree TV service are completely un-founded, said Commission Chair-man Rosel Hyde in a recent ad-dress before the ElectronicIndustries Association. "Subscrip-tion television will bring new pro-gram fare not now available to thepublic . . . without commercials. . ." Hyde said. The Chairman wasquick to point out that "the Com-mission was very careful to see to itthat subscription television will sup-plement rather than supplant freetelevision."

Hyde went on to outline thevarious restrictions that the FCChas imposed on pay -TV vs freeTV, and assured the industry thatthe growth of subscription andcable television would provide thebenefits of a diversity -type servicenot now available. "We have recog-nized that CATV could be a majorforce . . ." he continued, sayingthat local origination is a significantcontribution.

The Chairman pointed out thatthe Commission has "taken certainmeasures to insure that CATVdoes not act in an unfair and po-tentially destructive way towardlocal television broadcast services."He told the assemblage that cablecould fractionalize local audiencesthereby depriving local broadcast-ers of their markets.

Keep records sevenyears, says FCCThe FCC has proposed that broad-casters keep "local inspection" filescontaining copies of applicationsand other material filed with theCommission for seven years. Pre-ent rules demand that such filesbe kept indefinitely.

The NAB had previously re-quested a time limit of three years,asserting that limited use had ac-tually been made of such retainedmaterial. In its proposed amend-ment of Section 1.525 of the Rules,the Commission has provided that"The permittee or licensee shall

maintain such a file so long as anauthorization . . . is outstanding. . . other material placed in thefile shall be retained for a periodof seven years . . . ."

Presumably, this amendmentwill cut down on needed file spacein most stations. The Commissionwill probably take action on theamendment late in September.

First TV maston Hancock CenterLate in July, construction was fin-ished on the first of two TV an-tenna towers atop the 100 -storyJohn Hancock Center in Chicago.A workman climbed the tower anddisplayed an American flag to com-memorate the event. The top ofthe mast is 1456 feet above the

Workman and his flag commemorate Han-cock Center's first antenna tower 1456 ftabove Chicago sidewalks.

ground, just 16 feet short of theheight of the code beacon atopNew York's Empire State Buildingantenna mast.

Another mast is yet to be con-structed on the other side of thesquare building top. When finished,the twin masts will support theantennas of on -air stations WBBM-

TV, WFLD-TV, WGN-TV, andWMAQ-TV. New stations WCFL-TVand WSNS-TV also plan to transmitfrom the site. The installation hasa capacity of 10 television stations.Total cost of the antenna farm isS1.3 million.

Ruling proposed forphone talkThe Commission has proposed toamend Part 73 of the Rules toprovide that prior to recording orbroadcasting live any telephoneconversation, a station must notifythe other party to the conversa-tion of intent to record or broad-cast.

For many years, under Com-mission Rules and telephone tariffs,the only possible way to air atelephone conversation was to re-cord the conversation and broad-cast the recording.

Under the Commission's deci-sion in Use of Recording Devices(11 FCC 1033), a "beep tone"warning had to be placed on thetelephone line whenever a call wasbeing recorded. This "beep tone"was provided by the telephone -company's interface between theline and the recorder.

Then came the Carterfone de-cision, which ruled invalid tele-phone companies' prohibitionsagainst attachment of customers'equipment to their lines. As a resultof the Carterfone ruling, broadcaststations may, since July 1, 1969,interconnect their facilities to tele-phone lines by means other thanthrough a recording device, andmay broadcast live two-way con-versations without a "beep tone."

In many cases stations recordedconversations from telephone fa-cilities without use of a "beep tone"and in some cases, persons did notrealize that the "beep tone" indi-cated that their cofnversations werebeing recorded.

Mag discs aidspace TV signalsJuly and August were space shotmonths with lots of TV images

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September, 1969-BM/E 7

wafted back to Mother Earth fromthe moon and from Mars. A keyelement in translating these imagesfor home TV viewing was a mag-netic disc memory.

The system, built for the JetPropulsion Laboratory and NASAby Data Disc, Inc., consists of dmodel 5209 parallel disc memoryand servo drive unit. The discmemory has 72 individual tracksfor the recording data, and eachtrack has its own magnetic read/write head.

In addition to making instantTV viewing of the Mars probeshots possible, the system will aidscientists for several months in re-constructing and analyzing imagesthat covered the 60 million milesbetween Mars and Earth. Signalsreceived from the Mariner space-craft were fed into a digital com-puter at JPL's Pasadena center forinitial processing. The computerthen fed signals into the Data Discsystem, and then the parallel trackswere picked off to assemble a com-plete image. The disc can storefour such pictures simultaneously.Final TV pictures were picked offin 1/30 second-making the scanrate compatible with commercialtelevision transmission.

WH DH -TV gets staypending appealThe FCC decision not to renewthe license of WHDH-TV Boston hasbeen stayed by the Commissionuntil 30 days after final dispositionof any judicial review. WHDH-TVhad asked for the stay pendingappeal (to U.S. Court of Appeals)of the earlier Commission decision.

The petition was opposed byBoston Broadcasters, Inc., whoseapplication for channel 5 wasgranted by the Commission.

ACTS names slateNew officers have been elected tothe board of the All -Channel Tele-vision Society (ACTS) to servefrom August 1, 1969 to July, 1970.

Named in the election as chair-man and head of the two -year -oldgroup is W. Robert McKinsey,president of WJRJ-TV (channel17, Atlanta, Ga.). He replacesWilliam L. Putnam. New vice-chairman is Leonard B. Stevens,vice president of WPHL-TV (Phila-delphia).

The Society is industry spokes-man for uhf stations and theirproblems. During the past year, it'sbeen involved in hearings regard-ing land mobile operations and

CATV. It has also lobbied forcopyright revisions and legislationrequiring uhf tuners on all TV setsby 1971.

NAB revisesfall scheduleSix fall conferences scheduledby the NAB will meet as follows:Oct. 19-20, Atlanta, Sheraton

Biltmore.Oct. 22-23, Chicago, Palmer

House.Oct. 26-27, Philadelphia, Ben-

jamin Franklin.Nov. 12-13, New Orleans, Mon-

teleone.Nov. 16-17, Denver, Brown

Palace.Nov. 19-20, San Francisco,

Mark Hopkins.These conferences will all

follow a 11/2 -day format, andwill include an "early bird re-ception" the night before ineach case. Morn:ng sessionsboth days will be for both ra-dio and TV delegates. First-dayafternoon session will be di-vided into concurrent radio andTV sessions.

Chromium dioxidetape revisitedEnding industry speculation onwhat would be the fate of its "Cro-lyn" (chromium dioxide) tape, Du-Pont recently licensed three com-panies to manufacture it on threedifferent continents. In the U.S.,Memorex got the nod; in Europeit's Philips; in the Far East, it'sSony.

Philips, LDL-I000

To lend some immediacy tothe Crolyn situation, Philips hasintroduced a 1/2 -inch helical re-corder designed specifically to usethe new tape formulation. Dubbedthe LDL-1000, it measures askinny 161/2 X 13% X 75/sinches, tips the scales at 25 pounds,and has a single carrying handle.

Recorder is priced at "under$650," and is said to provide hor-izontal resolution of 220 lines.

Circle number 301 on the

Reader Service Card for more in-formation.

Automated IDtests to continueThe FCC has authorized interna-tional Digisonics Corp. to proceedwith further limited testing of itsover -the -air program and commer-cial identification system (seeBM/E, Sept., 1968, pp. 49-50,68). The system being tested per-mits automatic recording of thenumber of times filmed or tapedprograms or commercials arebroadcast by individual TV sta-tions.

Digisonics has proposed a moni-toring service to provide criticalproof -of -performance data to in-terested parties-particularly toadvertisers and their agencies. Thecompany filed a petition on June4, 1969, seeking an amendment toPart 73, Section 73.682(a) of theCommission's Rules to permit theinclusion of coded information inTV visual transmissions to operatethis program identification system.The system won't work withoutsuch coding.

In authorizing Digisonics to con-tinue further limited testing, whichaccording to the FCC, has no ad-verse effect on TV picture recep-tion, the Commission declared thatseveral major questions have beenraised and invited comments to befiled by September 18. Reply com-ments are due October 17.

FCC commits over$450,000 to researchMore than $450,000 was obligatedby the Commission to researchproject grants in the fiscal yearthat ended on June 30.

The most expensive project($192,000) involves improvingfrequency use by computerizingmicrowave frequency assignments.

Costing $38,960 is an evaluationof the role of the FCC Laboratory.

NAEB convention setThe 45th annual convention ofthe National Association of Ed-ucational Broadcasters, whichwill focus on educational broad-casting and social responsibil-ity, has been set for November9-12 1969 at the Sheraton ParkHotel, Washington, D.C. Morethan 5000 delegates are ex-pected to attend. The NAEBBoard meeting will be held onSunday, November 9.


schafer AUTOMATIONREPORT

Schafer Electronics 9119 De Soto Ave., Chatsworth, Calif. 91311 (213) 882.2000A division of Applied Magnetics Corp.

Full Automation Spectrum Covered WithRelay Control & Computer Control Systems

System Prices Start Under $10,000.Computer Gives Ultimate in Advance

Programming, Format Changing, and

Access to Billing, Sales, & Traffic Data.

MEM agit. 4:1:64

CHATSWORTH, CALIFORNIA - With the un-veiling of a powerful new Computer ControlledBroadcast Automation System at NAB '69,Schafer Electronics becomes the first manu-facturer to completely cover the automationsystem spectrum. The addition of the com-puter gives Schafer Electronics a dynamicone-two punch. The Schafer #800, a relay -controlled automation system has already be-come the industry standard. More of theseflexible systems are reliably operating inradio stations throughout the world than allother makes combined. With 800 systemprices starting below $10,000, Schafer Elec-tronics continues to be the leader in all priceranges.

PCC Will Revolutionize AutomationThe Schafer Electronics PCC Computer Con-trolled System ushers in a new era in Broad-cast Automation. It has many times the capac-ity of any present day relay -control system.Yet it is simpler to operate. The PCCComputer, including its electronic memory, issmall enough to mount in a desk or a portionof a rack. Up to 64 transports, or carousels,can be controlled by a single PCC. Formatsbecome almost unlimited and can be changedwithin seconds. Commercials can be added,deleted, or shifted instantly at will. Tomor-row's programs can be updated while the sta-tion is running today's events.

Variety of Managerial ReportsAlthough the PCC has many times the pro-gramming capability of any other automationsystem, it's value to a radio station doesn't

stop there. It can also rapidly provide manage-ment with valuable business reports. Billinginformation, for example, by account, com-mercial or time. Availability lists for the salesdepartment. Instant format control for traffic.Instant access and readout on what has al-ready been programmed. Automatic programand transmitter logging. It can even turn onthe coffee in the morning. Turn out the lightsat night.

CLEAR Language UsedOperators converse with the PCC in CLEARLanguage (Conversational Language EasilyAdapted to Radio). The computer understandsradio terminology such as "Log, Availability,Delete, AM, FM, Billing, etc." The system is sosimple that operation can be mastered withjust a few hours of practice. The computereven has the built-in capability of telling theoperator, via the teletypewriter, whenever anincorrect instruction has been attempted.

Designed For Growing StationsAny radio station planning to grow shouldcarefully investigate the Schafer ElectronicsPCC Automation System. Although it costsslightly more than a relay -controlled system,its flexibility, capacity and expardability aremany times greater. With Schafer Electronicsyou can plan ahead-and move ahead.

Schafer ProvidesTape Music ServiceSchafer Electronics provides an exclusive tapemusic service for users of Schafer AutomationSystems. The introed "Image" format isbright, up -tempo, middle-of-the-road music.The unintroed "Touch of Velvet" package Isslow and sweet, but also middle-of-the-road.60 tapes consisting of 90 hours of cued musicare provided as a starter library; four moretapes are supplied monthly to keep the libraryup to date and fresh.

Custom Tape ServiceThe Schafer Electronics custom tape serviceprovides a wide variety of special word -musictapes.These include: Time tapes for the AudioClock, IDs. Station Promos. Custom commer-cials. Network fill music. And many "moodintros" featuring word -music vignettes con-taining historical information, the climate, theseasons, or any other "personalized" subject.A new booklet describing these services isavailable.


IT ALL STARTED 16 YEARS AGO WHENSCHAFER ELECTRONICS DELIVEREDFIRST BROADCAST AUTOMATION SYSTEMSchafer Electronics delivered the first Broad-cast Automation System 16 years ago. Todaythere are more Schafer Electronics systemsin use throughout the world than all othermakes combined. A Schafer Electronics Auto-mation System plays exactly the music youchoose. Rock and Roll. Country -Western. Con-temporary. Middle -Of -The -Road. Or any otherkind you can think of. There is never a pop.A click. A fade-out. Or deadly silence. Thesystem follows your schedule. Inserts com-mercials. IDs. Time signals. Personality tracks.Mood intros. All types of music. It switches tothe network. And back. It's perfect for FM.And for AM. For big cities. For small towns."Big" stations and "small." With Schafer Elec-tronics automation you capture perfectly themood of the season-the community-the timeof day-because you program by musical cate-gory. A sequence never has to be repeated.There are an almost infinite number of com-binations to create an ever -continuing fresh"live" sound.

Schafer Electronics Lists

Many Automation "Firsts"

Do you know that Schafer Electronicsdeveloped:

The first Broadcast Automation System? The first remote control transmitter

system? The first random access reel to reel

spotter? The first network switching unit? The first audio clock? The first automation system for a

foreign country? The first VLR low speed logger? The first computer controlled

automation system? The first high speed dual spotter for

back-to-back commercials? The first transport capable of storing

and randomly selecting completemusic libraries?

The first system capable ofsimultaneously programing both anFM and an AM station?

SCHAFER ELECTRONICSLOOKING FOR SYSTEMS

ANALYSTS & FIELD ENGINEERSThe Tepidly expanding market for SchaferElectronics systems has generated an urgentneed for Instructors, Systems Analysts, andField Engineers, according to company VP,Leon Wortman. Anyone interested in achallenging growth opportunity as a creative -technical man in the digital computer systemfield as applied to Broadcast Automationshould contact Mr. Wortman at once.

Schafer Electronics9119 De Soto AvenueChatsworth, Ca 91311

Please send me information on

Please contact me

Name

Station Title

Address

Cily State

Telephone


New McMartin Piracy ProtectorsStop SCA Signal Stealers Cold

OMAHA - McMartin Industries,Inc., has just made it possible to elimi-nate SCA signal pirating. To counterthe growing availability of SCA adap-tors, a special anti -piracy system hasjust been released for use by author-ized SCA broadcasters.

Basic to the system is a PiracyGenerator (PTG-10). Installed at thetransmitter, it combines interferingsignals with all SCA program material.At authorized multiplex receivers, thisinterference can be removed by an eas-ily installed Piracy Filter (PF-R1 orPF-R2). Without this filter those re-ceiving the subcarrier find listeningimpossible.

Patented by McMartin Industriesafter lengthy development and testing,these inexpensive units automaticallypolice SCA transmissions and effec-tively discourage unauthorized use.

Two Piracy Filters are available.The PF-R1 installs inside the chassison McMartin TR-66A and TR-66 re-ceivers. It can be ordered already in-stalled on new TR-66A receivers withno factory installation charge. On Mc-Martin tube model receivers and others,the PF-R2 can be mounted externallyin a matter of minutes.

NEW McMARTIN ANTI -PIRACY SYSTEM COMPONENTS areshown here. The PTG-10 Piracy Generator combines interfering signalswith SCA programming. To remove this interference at the receiver,the PF-R1 and the PF-R2 are used. Also shown is McMartin's TR-66Amultiplex receiver now available with the PF-R1 factory installed.

New System MakesPiracy Profits Nil

McMartin Industries' new anti -piracy system can turn the "somethingfor nothing" appeal of SCA pirating intoa "nothing for nothing" situation. Byinstalling McMartin anti -piracy equip-ment, the SCA broadcaster can make theuse or sale of unauthorized receivers anunprofitable and impossible task. In addi-tion, the need for expensive court action-previously the only method of haltingsignal piracy - is now expected to be muchless frequent.

SPECIFICATIONSPIRACY GENERATOR (PTG-10)FUNCTION: Installs at transmitter.Combines interfering signals with SCAprogram material.Input Impedance: 600 ohms balanceOutput Impedance: 600 ohms unbalancePower: 117 V AC, 50/60 Hz, 15 watts

Dimensions: 19" W x 1.75" H x 6.25" DFront Panel Components: AC switchwith pilot light, BNC connector 600 ohmcomposite outputRear Panel: Input 600 ohms balanced,output 600 ohms unbalancedWeight: 6 lbs.

PIRACY FILTERS (PF-R 1 & PF-R2)FUNCTION: Install in or on multiplex receiver. Reduce interference broadcast byPTG-10 to level substantially below normal cross talk readings.PF-R1 (Installs internally on McMartin TR-66A & TR-66 receiversInput Impedance: 600 ohms Dimensions: 1.50" W x 3.50" LOutput Impedance: 600 ohms unbalance Mounting Dimensions: 3.25"Power Requirement: From receiver power supply

PF-R2 (Installs externally on McMartin tube type receivers and others)Input Impedance: 1000 ohms through phono-jackOutput Impedance: 1000 ohms through phono-jackDimensions: 3.75" W x 3.25" L x 1.50" H Power Requirement: Non,

SEND COUPON FOR COMPLETE DETAILS

Mc Martin industries, inc.Dept. B-9, 3104 Farnam Street, Omaha, Nebraska 68131

YES, I want to make my SCA transmission "piracy -proof". Please send details on anti -piracy system. Please have representative call.NAME

FIRM

ADDRESS

CITY STATE ZIP


I

10 September, I 969-BM/E

FOCUS ON

CATVCATV and telephonecompaniesRecently NCTA suggested to FCCthat any telephone company whichrefuses to grant pole attachmentsto independent franchisers bebarred from CATV operations.NCTA also asked the Commissionto find a way to curb some telcopractices, such as: Using established relationshipswith local government officials toobtain franchises. Refusing to grant pole attach-ments to an independent CATVcompany, and using this as anexcuse to obtain a franchise forthe telco itself. Overbuilding franchised inde-pendents in order to drive them outof business. Establishing favorable tariffcharges on lease -back while pe-riodically raising pole -attachmentcharges, to force lease -backs ratherthan pole attachments.

The Justice Department hasjoined the fray, advising the FCCthat telcos may be stifling CATVdevelopment by refusing to grantpole attachments. Justice suggestedthat the Commission use its powerto require telcos to grant pole at-tachments to all applicants on anequal basis.

Canada charges CBS withCATV concentrationCBS, which has interests in 9Canadian CATV systems, has beentold to sell at least one, by theCanadian Radio -TV Commission.CRTC has charged undue con-centration, although CBS owner-ship does not exceed the legal20% limit (for foreign interests)of each CATV system.

Melting -pot cable seriesNew York City's position as animmigrant's doorway to the U.S.has made its ethnic neighborhoodsrich and varied, from the earliestDutch settlers to the latest PuertoRican arrivals. Manhattan CableTelevision, which serves the south-ern half of Manhattan (where mostimmigrants have initially settled)has developed a program seriesspotlighting ethnic neighborhoodsand their contributions to the city.

The series is hosted by Manhat-tan Borough President Percy Sut-

ton and shown on Manhattan Ca-ble's local -origination channel 6facility. Later it will be aired byNew York City's WNYC-TV.

Manhattan Cable recently in-stalled what's known as the firstbroadcast -quality color film chainused for CATV local origination.Employed on channel 6 for moviesand newsfilm is an RCA four -tubeTK-27 chain. The system reachesseveral thousand households andsome 40,000 hotel rooms in midand lower Manhattan.

Possible theater-CATVmergerRKO General Inc. has announcedplans to merge its wholly -ownedVideo Independent Theatres Inc.into Cablecom-General, Inc.,which is 69% owned by RKOGeneral. Cablecom operates CATVsystems in western U.S., whileVideo Independent operates thea-ters in southwest.

L'Heureux memorialscholarship establishedThose who knew Bob L'Heureuxremember how he loved CATVand its people. He spent manyyears promoting and defending theindustry. Now Bob's friends wanthis name to be remembered inCATV for years to come. They'restarting a memorial he would haveliked.

CATV Pioneers is soliciting con-tributions to the Robert D. L'Heu-reux Memorial Scholarship Fundwhich is being established atGeorgetown University LawSchool. Bob attended and wasgraduated from Georgetown. Con-tributions are of course tax de-ductible, and will support a three-year scholarship to be awardedonce every three years to a deserv-ing student selected by the George-town University Law School Schol-arship Committee.

Contributions should be checksor money orders payable to theRobert D. L'Heureux MemorialScholarship Fund. They should besent to Martin F. Malarkey, Jr.,1225 Connecticut Ave. N.W.,Washington, D.C. 20036. Con-tributions may also be made to anymember of CATV Pioneers.

British CATV systemdemonstratedRediffusion International Ltd.demonstrated its unusual CATVsystem in Washington recently tointerested cable operators, broad-casters, members of FCC and news

media. Rediffusion's cable systemhas been used for years in theUnited Kingdom and Hong Kongto teed wired receivers. The cablecarries what would be consideredan i-f signal containing pictureand sound at about 10 MHz. Thereceiver has no front end, andthus costs about 30% less than astandard' receiver. The principalsystem disadvantage is its one -channel limit.

CATV aids mooncoverage crewDuring the recent moon shot,NBC did TV pickups from thehome of Neil Armstrong's parentsin the small Ohio town of Wapako-neta. Coverage was live, using mi-crowave from the house. But off -air TV reception was poor in thearea, and the Armstrongs weren'tcable subscribers. Thus NBC'screw was unable to monitor theirair signal.

General manager Don Shuler ofShardoco Cablevision had theArmstrong residence hooked upto his cable-free-just in timefor the pickup. And he plans toleave the hookup there.

TeleVision to construct40 -channel CATV systemTeleVision Communications Cor-poration has announced it will in-vest $12 million in the constructionof a 40 -channel CATV system inAkron, Ohio.

The system will develop thefullest potential of cable TV, ac-cording to TVC President AlfredR. Stern, in offering up to 40channels to each home in Lake -more, Stow, Barberton and Silver -lake, in addition to Akron.

NCTA convention transcriptSoon to be published by NCTA isthe official transcript of the SanFrancisco Convention held June22-25, 1969. The publication willinclude details of technical, legaland management sessions, as wellas coverage of the eye-opener ses-sions held at 8 each morning.Many of those attending the con-vention found it impossible to heareverything they wanted; NCTAmakes this information availableas backup and for those unable toattend. Technical sessions were co-sponsored by IEEE and includedmuch useful nuts -and -bolts infor-mation. The $6 volume will beavailable from NCTA headquar-ters in Washington.

September, I969-BM/E II

We just widened thegeneration gap.

It's the significant lag between "our own things" and the also rans.The first time we did it (a couple of years ago) we came up with

the first all -digital sync generator with a near perfect time base sta-bility (4 nsec typical) and pulse jitter spec. Nobody else can touch it.

Now we've added a color encoder with all plug-in boards andbuilt-in color bars. It has balanced modulators using linear IC's.Provisions for contours out of green. The works.

And still another first. A television programmer with magneticdisc memory. Whether used for CATV non -duplication or stationautomation, it gives maximum capacity and flexibility at minimumcost. Like 200 events on 26 output channels with one second resolu-tion. Repeats to 7 days. (So you could say 1400 event capability.)Greatest reliability. Simplest operation.

Then we have a broadcast electronic character generator. Formatis 14 lines of 40 characters each. Raster (not dot) generation assures

- . . _--a . a

TSG-2000 seriesAll -digital sync generator

-41111111==.

4. -IF 0 - 41(

r;;;00000000 -m.TCE-1600 video color encoder

evtAKI

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Lj

_

/WNW .0441110 106)

IMP -2500 programmer

I2 September, 1969-BM/E

(again)

maximum readability even on poorest home receivers.

And EIA video test generators. Multiburst. Stairstep. Sin 2 Win-

dow. Modulated 20T pulse. Color bar. All EIA/NTSC/VIT compatible.

Can be used singly or with new electronic sequential switcher to pro-vide single continuously switched output. Has it all.

Now for the sleeper. A Vertical Interval Data Transmission system.

Transmits data from news wires or character generator over existingvideo channels. Provides VIIT keying pulse and adds test signals.Works with any video, local or remote. Encodes. Decodes. Erases. 8

line selection. So many applications it bogies the mind.These are just some of our new ideas. If you take time to check the

parameters of the products we've mentioned, you'll find no one else

is half as close in concept. Let alone delivery.

So when you want some real help with your ideas, talk toTeleMation.

TCG1440 Character generator

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tio

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Fightoff cc) or

Get precise color alignment of TV monitor 3 withthe new EG&G Model 570 TV COLORCOMPEG&G's new Model 570 COLORCOMP permits precise repro-duction of a TV monitor color stoncard. In use it gererates threesets cf control readings which define an established color stand-ard for a given monitor. YOJ simply dial the appropr ate controlreadings on the COLORCOMP and adjust the monitor controlsuntil you obtain a null reading on the instrumert meters. Result?Fast, precise line-up of any monitor in any area with equalsensitivity at low, medium, and high light level ond with no needfor separate memory modules.

To achieve such precise sensitivity COLORCOMP incorporates tri-sensor detector optics end c unique null belence circuit whichoffers color discrimination capability better than the F J man eye.

COLORCOMP is complete and self-contained. It mot_nts easilyon the video monitor face with ell controls readily ac:essible.

Show your true color with the new EG&G Model 570 TV COLOR -COMP. For details write EG&G, Inc., 186 Brookline Avenue,Bostoi, Massachusetts 02215, or phone 617-267-9700. TWX:617-262-9317. On West Coast telephone 213-464-2800.

<111111 ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS DIVISION

EGRG

INTERPRETING THE&

REGULATIONS

Nondiscrimination in Employment PracticesON JUNE 6, 1969, the Commission released twodocuments of major importance affecting broad-casting industry employment practices. Both docu-ments were issued in the same proceeding (Docket18244). The first, a "Report and Order,"1 setsforth the Commission's present fair employmentpolicies and criteria for all broadcasters. The sec-ond, a "Further Notice of Proposed Rule Mak-ing,"2 proposes the adoption of new rules and theamendment of several existing rules to foster non-discriminatory employment practices.

Background

On July 5, 1968, the Commission released aMemorandum Opinion and Order and Notice ofProposed Rule Making, 33 F.R. 9960, 13 FCC2d 766, stating that discriminatory employmentpractices by a broadcast licensee are incompatiblewith operation in the public interest. Finding thatit had a responsibility to implement the nationalpolicy against discrimination, the Commission an-nounced its intention to act upon substantial com-plaints of discrimination-either directly or by re-ferral to an appropriate federal, state or local body.When deciding this, the Commission doubted theusefulness of embodying the policy in rule formand requiring periodic (e.g., at renewal time) show-ings of compliance with the policy. With limitedstaff resources, the Commission chose to proceedprimarily upon a complaint basis. However, itdid institute rule making at the same time to con-sider whether (1) the basic nondiscrimination re-quirement should be embodied in a rule, (2) ashowing of compliance should be required, and(3) it should be mandatory to post notices of equalemployment rights in employment offices and onemployment applications.

Analysis of the Report and Order

The June 9, 1969 employment policies andcriteria, effective July 14, 1969, were embodiedin the rules adopted to Part 733 of the Rules.

They require as a general policy that equalopportunity in employment be afforded all qual-ified persons by all Commission permittees, and

1. In the Matter of Petition for rule making to require broad-cast licensees to show nondiscrimination in their employmentpractices, Docket No. 18244, RM-1144, FCC 69-631.

2. IbId, FCC 69-632.

that no person shall be discriminated against inemployment because of race, color, religion, ornational origin.

Also, they require each station to carry outa positive continuing program of specific practicesto assure equal opportunity in every area cf sta-tion employment policy and practice.

To implement the continuing program provi-sion of its Rules, the Commission will requirethat each of its permittees and licensees adopt pro-grams to:

(a) Define the responsibility of each level ofmanagement to insure positive applicationand vigorous enforcement of the policy ofequal opportunity, and establish a procedureto review and control managerial and super-visory performance;

(b) Inform its employees and recognized em-ployee organizations of the positive equalemployment opportunity policy and program,and enlist their cooperation;

(c) Explain the station's equal employment op-portunity policy and program and its employ-ment needs to sources of qualified applicantswithout regard to race, color, religion or na-tional origin, and solicit their continual assist-ance in recruitment;

(d) Conduct a continuing campaign to excludeevery form of prejudice or discrimination,based upon race, color, religion or nationalorigin, from the station's personnel policiesand practices and working conditions;

(e) Conduct continuing review of job structureand employment practices and adopt positiverecruitment, training, job design and othermeasures needed to insure genuine equality ofopportunity for all employees to participatefully in all organizational units, occupationsand levels of responsibility in the station.

3. Sections 73.125, 73.301, 73.599, 73.680, and 73.793 (all readingidentically).

These rules apply, from July 14, 1969, to allbroadcast stations which have five or more fulltime employees.

Further Notice of Proposed Rule Making

In the second June 6 document, the Commis-sion said it intends to increase its regulation ofemployment practices by issuing more rules and

This section, providing broad interpretation of FCC rules andpolicies, does not substitute for competent legal counsel. Legaladvice on any given problem is predicated on the particular factsof each case. Therefore, when specific problems arise, you wouldbe well advised to consult your own legal counsel.

+-Circle 108 on Reader Service Card 15

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data processing and video recording indus-tries to make us prove that we have indeed

advanced the state of the art in cobalt -plated,protective coated recording surfaces.

We will be happy to demonstrate the advan-tages of TFI discs with extraordinarily thin

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can be as low as three micro -inches.A few examples: Extremely high bit -packing

density. Outstanding magnetic characteristics.Complete head -crash protection. Maximum

durability for contact -head recording.We also apply the industry's most

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As you know, specific performanceand product descriptions are relative to

your particular applications.We would like the opportunity to discuss

the exact details with you personally.

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Phone: (213) 231-9229

regulations. The proposed rules would requirean annual report tproposed FCC Form 325) tobe filed, with information about Negro, Oriental,American Indian, Spanish -surnamed and otherpersons employed in nine specific categories: of-ficials and managers, professionals, technicians,sales workers, office and clerical personnel, crafts-men (skilled), operatives (semi -skilled), laborers(unskilled), and service personnel. The proposedrules would require an Annual Employment Re-port to be filed with the Commission's Washing-ton office no later than April 1 of each year, withemployment data up to the preceding December31. The report would be filed for each broadcaststation, although one report would be sufficient tocover stations under common ownership andwithin the same principal city or cities in a stand-ard metropolitan statistical area. Separate reportswould be required for each headquarters office ofa multiple station owner if the duties of the em-ployees are not covered in the reports filed by themultiple owner of the respective stations.

The proposed rules would also require thatthe employment practices and policies which be-come effective July 14, 1969, be maintained inthe so-called "public file," as would the proposedFCC Form 325.

Broadcast application forms would be revisedunder the rules so that applicants for renewalor new facilities or for acquisition of facilities willhave space to describe specific practices to befollowed in assuring equal employment opportun-ity for Negroes, Orientals, American Indians andSpanish -surnamed persons in each of the follow-ing areas of employment practice: recruitment, se-lection, training, placement, promotion, pay, work-ing conditions, demotion, layoff and termination.The application forms will require that these pro-grams be specifically geared to station size, loca-tion, etc. A program need not be filed by a stationwith less than five full-time employees or one in anarea with so small a minority representation thata program would not be meaningful. In this casea statement of explanation will be required.

The proposed rules would require notices tobe posted in station employment offices inform-ing the applicant of his equal employment rightsand right to notify the Federal CommunicationsCommission or other appropriate agency if hebelieves he has been the victim of discrimination.Other requirements under proposed rules include:

(a) Placing a notice in bold type on the employ-ment application informing the prospectiveemployee that discrimination because of race,color, religion or national origin is prohibitedand that he may notify the Federal Commu-nications Commission or other appropriateagency if he believes he has been discriminatedagainst;

(b) Placing employment advertisements in mediawhich have significant circulation amongminority group people in the recruiting area;

(c) Recruiting through schools and colleges withsignificant minority group enrollments;

(d) Maintaining systematic contacts with minorityand human relations organizations, leaders andspokesmen, to encourage referral of qualifiedminority group applicants;

(e) Encouraging present employees to refer minor-ity group applicants;

(f) Making known to all recruitment sources thatCircle 109 in Reader Service Card


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From conceptual engineering thru detaileddesign, manufacture, installation and proof-of-performance, here is your one source forthe complete transmission line system fromthe final stage of your transmitter to yourantenna. MCI's service-proven designsinclude such products as:

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MCI offers a full range of both coaxial andwaveguide transmission line plus all ac-cessaries needed for the most complex in-stallations.

Big enough to have all the skills andfacilities in its own organization; smallenough to react quickly and flexibly tocustomers needs, MCI is the one uniquesource for transmission line systems forthe broadcast industry.

Why not discuss your pGans and problemswith us. For further information or a copyof our catalog, call, wire or write:

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MicroCommunications

September, 1969-BM/ECircle 11C on Reader Service Card

i7

qualified minority members are being soughtfor consideration whenever the station hires.

When youcan't lower the

mountains,call Benco.

Sometimes mountains get in the way of CATV.Viewers get nothing but a snow job. And youget nothing but complaints. Here at Benco,we design and build CATV equipment thatrelays signals up and over. Sharp and clear.Picture perfect. It's the least you, andyour viewers, can expect from perfectionistswho enjoy turning mountains into molehills.

Built by perfectionistsfor perfectionists.

Benavac Mk II solid state automatic video -audio con-trol unit. Maximum channel capability; modular design;immediate delivery.

Benco Television CorporationU. S. Sales and Factory Service, 724 Bugbee Street,P. 0. Box 10068, Jacksonville, Florida 32207.In Canada: Benco Television Associates27 Taber Road, Rexdale, Ontario.

The FCC application forms will also requirepolicies to assure nondiscrimination in selectionand hiring under the proposed rules-specifically:

(1) Personal instruction of staff personnel (thosewho make hiring decisions) that minority ap-plicants for all jobs are to be considered with-out discrimination;

(2) Cooperation with unions to develop programsassuring qualified minority persons of equalopportunity for employment;

(3) Inclusion of an effective nondiscriminationclause in new or re -negotiated union agree-ments;

(4) Avoidance of selection techniques or tests hav-ing the effect of discriminating against minor-ity groups.

On application forms for licensees or permit -tees under the proposed rules, the following poli-cies must be described to assure that the stationwill not discriminate in placement and promotion:

(a) Personal instruction will be given to stationpersonnel who make decisions on placementand promotion that minority group employeesare to be considered without discriminationand that job areas in which there is little orno minority representation should be reviewedto determine whether this results from dis-crimination;

(b) Equal opportunity will be given all minoritygroup employees for positions which lead tohigher positions. Inquiries will be made of alllower paid employees as to their interest andqualifications for higher paid positions. Em-ployees with interest potential will be given as-sistance, counseling and other effective help toqualify for these higher paid positions;

(c) Seniority practices and clauses in union con-tracts will be reviewed to assure they arenondiscriminatory and do not have a discrimi-natory effect.

Under the proposed rules, FCC forms wouldbe amended to assure that permittees or licenseesfollow policies of nondiscrimination in other areasof employment practices-specifically:

(1) Rates of pay and fringe benefits for presentemployees with equivalent duties must be ex-amined and any inequities found must be cor-rected.

(2) All qualified employees must be told wheneverthere is an opportunity to perform overtimework.

Assignors, transferors, and renewal applicantswill be required to file an exhibit showing howspecific practices undertaken pursuant to the sta-tion's equal employment opportunity programhave been applied and what effect these practiceshave had upon the applications for employment,as well as the hiring and promotion, of minoritygroup members.

They will also have to file an exhibit showingwhether any complaint has been filed before anybody having competent jurisdiction under Federal,State, territorial or local law, alleging unlawfuldiscrimination in the employment practices of theapplicant, including the persons involved, the dateof filing, the court or agency before which the

Continued on page 82Circle I I l on Reader Service Card

18 Circle 112 on Reader Service Card .4

GE

NE

RA

L vfD E

LEC

TR

IC

The G

eneral Electric

guide to explaininyour unfairadvantages

overcom

petition

Face it. Eventually, at a club or charitymeeting, you'll run into a fellowbroadcaster and he's going to want toknow some things. Like why yourmarket coverage is better. Why youget sharper picture detail. And bettercolor. And a higher profit. All theunfair advantages a General Electricantenna can give you.

To keep your unfair advantage, it'simportant to know how to handlethese questions. Three examplesshould get you on the right track.

QUESTION: Did you have to do a lot offiguring to get that coverage pattern?

ANSWER: "We made the standardcalculations." Understatement isimportant. No need to tell him aboutthe GE computers that figure thevertical and horizontal radiationpatterns. Don't bother to mention thesharp GE engineers that work withyou and the computer, either.

QUESTION: Did you do very muchantenna testing?

ANSWER: "Just the standard test you'dexpect." Being a little devious likethis doesn't hurt. GE's standard testsgo a couple of steps further than therest of the industry's. The natural"free space" test site at Cazenovia, N.Y.is unmatched for checking patternsand giving predictable performance.And GE can pretest to an alternatepattern, then adjust helical and

GENERAL

zigzag antennas after installation-something your competition(and ours) has never heard of.

QUESTION: You were pretty lucky lastwinter, weren't you?

ANSWER: "Pretty much so." Modestyhelps here. You don't have to tell himhow GE antennas are designed tostand up in all kinds of weather. Justlet him guess why GE antennas areon Mt. Wilson and the Empire StateBuilding-transmitting to thecountry's two major markets wheremissing a minute of air time wouldbe disastrous.

In fact, don't overtalk at all. You don't haveto remind him that GE was the first todevelop a high -gain TV transmittingantenna. First with helical andzigzag VHF and UHF installations.The industry leader in super -power.

If he doesn't know, don't tell him.If by some chance you don't know, someone

may be taking unfair advantage ofyou. Today, ask your GeneralElectric Broadcast SalesRepresentative for a copy of theGE antenna story, "The Highand Mighty." Or ask us. It couldgive you the unfair advantage you'relooking for.

General Electric Company,Visual Communication ProductsDepartment, Electronics Park,Syracuse, New York 13201.

ELECTRIC


September, 1969-BWE 21

Total Automation Helps BillingsPilot station WTTV has completely inte-grated its automation facilities-every-thing from time availabilities throughprogramming and billing. Result: fasterend -of -month turnaround with full docu-mentation, happy agency people and $$$savings.

BLOOMINGTON, INDI-ANA'S WTTV is in manyways an experimentalstation. Started initiallywith all "home-made"equipment in 1949, thestation has continuedto be a kind of provingground for parent com-pany Sarkes-Tarzian'sbroadcast equipment.This time around, it in-cludes the latest and

most completely integrated station automation inthe country.

This situation is rather unusual-WTTV is ina medium size market, yet it has taken the leadin the development of the television industry'smost highly sophisticated automation. The sta-

Aufomafed production control leaves little to do for engineer who might as well be home.

tion's owner is a large manufacturer of TV auto-mation gear, which provides this independentwith operational gear that's obviously out of thereach of such medium -market stations for now.But is it really out of their reach? A closer lookat the total automation concept reveals somebuilt-in positive features along with new operat-ing economies and an excellent public -relationsimage for the station.

Elements Aren't New

The various elements of total automationaren't all that new. Various segments have beenimplemented individually in many TV stationsacross the country. It's the total integration ofproduction, logging, proof -of -performance andbilling with a single central computer that sets thetone for this total concept. Such full automationof the variety of operations of a TV station hasbeen thought by most industry executives to be along way off.

One station that has a completely automatedaccounting and billing operation-xsTP in Minne-apolis -St. Paul-has an IBM computer which themanagement hopes to extend to include programautomation in the near future.

The accounting and billing computer systemat WTTV is called one of the most efficient suchsystems in use and has already brought aboutchanges in agency -media -rep relations that arecalled "bordering on the revolutionary." In billingprocedures, the station's system is geared to main-tain a running account of all advertising spotsthat appear on the air. Five days before the end ofthe month, the account cards are run through thecomputer for a final analysis and check and thenthey go through the parent company's big com-puter.

Then, on the last day of the month, the lastfive days are processed, rechecked for accuracy,and invoices are mailed. The bills are highly ac-curate and are generally received within five daysafter the end of the month. This lets the agencybill its clients earlier than is possible with moreconventional station bookkeeping systems.

The invoice sent to the agencies is itself an-other major innovation at WTTV. Devised specif-ically for this type of automated operation, theform is a combination invoice and certification ofall completed spots-something agencies havebeen wanting to see implemented for quite sometime.

Sam Vitt, senior media vice president at TedBates Agency, had many kind words about thisinvoice: "There has long been a crying need for


standardization of information and clarificationof identification in station invoices. The WTTVform does both. It actually gives us more infor-mation than we really need. Even more important-it gives us exact certification of when, how andin what form the spots ran. And it gives this in-formation to us fast, which helps us tremendouslyand cuts paperwork to a minimum."

The invoice form was the result of a joint ef-fort by wrry General Manager Elmer Snow andSarkes Tarzian engineer Jack Baker. They spenttwo weeks of research working with top agencypeople in New York, who lent the project theirenthusiastic cooperation. One agency man (fromBBD&O) welcomed them with the comment,"This is the first time a station has ever come tous for information of this kind." He hoped thiswould signal closer liaison between stations and

Newly designed contract form comes off high-speed -elexwith instant confirmation of contract orders..

agencies in the future to help solve the mountingpaperwork problems.

Benefits were obvious almost from the start.For one thing, the automated system cut downthe number of "Discredit" letters received by 90percent. It also reduced the station's 90 -day re-ceivables by nearly 20 percent. And added to this,the agencies involved have indicated that the sys-tem has cut their own paperwork in half.

Large -Scale Integration

One of the many things going for WTTV hasbeen its long experience in using program auto-mation-particularly with the Sarkes-TarzianAPT -1000 computer. Station personnel have hadan opportunity to develop techniques and oper-ational efficiency to a high degree. Other factorsthat have speeded up computer use have includedincreased use cf more sophisticated associatedelectronic equipment (in film chains and videotape particularly) and the proliferation of whatwould ordinarily have been production problems.

The station's production and administrativeoperations have been gradually integrated, ulti-mately resulting in a full automation system donethe painless way. Data from one system are au-tomatically fed into the other-such as spot in-formation being programmed from the centralcomputer into the APT -1000. When an on -the -airspot is completed, data are fed back to the ad-ministrative computer for accounting and billing.

The final phase-probably the most exciting-will be the interfacing of traffic and sales forinstant availabilities data. This aspect of the op-eration is now being tested at WTTV. Once this

system is connected to the IBM computer at theSarkes-Tarzian plant, it will be possible to haveall data available on the status of spots, price,various periods not available, specific control re-strictions and other pertinent information-all ona quick recall basis.

This new interface can be made even moreaccessible by using already established high-speedTelex lines between the station rep and the com-puter. Thus, the needed information can be madeavailable in the field almost immediately. A fur-ther extension of this program under considera-tion would use a telephone line tie-in with com-puters used by New York agencies for direct datatransmission. Main problem at this point: howcan management still retain complete control ofspots available and the types of commercials?

But with the central IBM computer linkup, apunch of a button will retrieve any kind of infor-mation needed. Called the ultimate in automationintegration, this system will process the status ofall time periods in a matter of minutes. This willlet management interpret, analyze and make pro-jections for future programs almost at a moment'snotice. Such total automation can be set up instations that don't have a powerful computer avail-able simply by leasing time from a computer serv-ice company. Generally, such leased -time arrange-ments are handled over telephone lines throughsimple data terminals installed in the broadcaststation. Then this computer can "talk" to theNew York agency computers, and so on. It's anexciting blueprint for the future of TV automa-tion-one that's being proven right now to beperfectly workable. BM/ E

Engineer prepares random access projector for interconnecting into the station's automated production system.

24

S-ltipn log a+ Knoxville's WEZK (FM) Ie checked by pro lam d recior.

Broadcast Automationand the ComputerThis is the computer age, and electronicbrains make out bills, send men to themoon and match prospective husbands andwives. Will the computer play a significantrole in broadcasting? How can a broad-caster best use a computer? When shouldhe use noncomputer automation? Here area few answers.

By Rogan Jones, Jr.

BROADCAST AUTOMA-TION seems a naturalplace for a computer.Until recently, the mostcommon objection wascost. Now, computersales climb and costgoes down. Most of to-day's computers arethird -generation types,and a fourth generationis appearing. A furthercost reduction is attain-

able through time sharing, where you pay only forthe time that you're actually using a remote com-puter.

Although used widely, general-purpose com-Rogan Jones, Jr. is president of International GoodMusic, a major supplier of broadcast automation.

Svptombe-, 1969-BM/E 25

puters have not yet significantly penetrated thebroadcast industry. Probably the chief reason isthat there are no standards for input data. Untilusers can agree on and stick to a set of rules, fewlarge computers will be used in broadcasting.

Computer Jobs

At a broadcast station, a computer can per-form two useful functions: housekeeping controland machine control. Housekeeping includes suchjobs as time availability search and display; ac-counting; and furnishing management -control data(comparative sales, billing, equipment mainte-nance cost, etc.).

The comparatively low cost of time-sharinga large general-purpose computer (like the IBM360/80 series) makes housekeeping an attractivefunction for group broadcasters and individualstations which bill $300,000 and up. But the priceis still a bit high for smaller stations.

Machine control means switching programsources (live, tape, film, network, etc.) accordingto a programmed schedule, and printing the logs.Along these lines, the computer can do little morethan present automation equipment does. In fact,a general-purpose computer is at a disadvantage,for several reasons: Automation gear is less expensive. Computer preparation time is considerable, asthe broadcast schedule must be revised and up-dated constantly. Existing FCC- or union -required operatorsmust learn computer operation. Station technical personnel may have to learncomputer maintenance.

Housekeeping requires a large memory, ca-

pable of storing perhaps 100,000 bits of informa-tion. Machine control requires less than a tenthof that. To function effectively for sales, trafficand management, a housekeeping computer mustprovide several input and output terminals aroundthe station. Those who schedule events must beable to get at the computer easily, or there is noadvantage to using it.

All the machine control device has to do istake the data traffic gives it, put programs on theair in the right order and at the right times, andkeep a record of what happened. A general-pur-pose computer can do the job, but it's like using abattleship where a rowboat would suffice. A small,specialized computer or a computer -oriented au-tomation system works fine.

Computer vs Automation

The dividing line between a small computerand the control provided by an automation sys-tem is difficult to place precisely, as their func-tions are similar.

As an example, here's how the IGM model600 radio automation system operates: Punchedcards, produced either by a computer or manually,are fed into the 600, just as they would be to acomputer. These cards control program sourceswitching (tape transports), and cause a line printerto type out the log. They are also used for randomselection of multiple cartridge playback machines,thus eliminating a sub -memory. After the preced-ing actions have taken place, the punched cardsrepresenting commercials go to the accounting de-partment, where they are used as the basis for bill-ing. They can be handled manually, or may triggersimple -punched -card or computer billing equip-

AFRTS Tests AutomationThe Armed Forces Radio and Television Serviceis currently evaluating automation for its opera-tions. Recently AFRTS conducted a month -longtest in Frankfurt and Stuttgart, Germany. Tenta-tive specifications were written by the Depart-ment of Defense and the Sacramento Army De-pot, and submitted to interested manufacturerswith a request for bids on a test system.

IGM won the competitive bid to package thetest system, and used its special-purpose com-puter -oriented model 600 system at the Frank-furt net control point. A modified model 500system was used at Stuttgart. Network programsoriginating in Frankfurt were carried by theStuttgart station with local announcements, sta-tion IDs, and special programs inserted auto-matically on command from Frankfurt. In com-puter parlance, the Frankfurt system was themain, on-line computer, and the Stuttgart sys-tem a remote -controlled terminal or subsystem.

The requirement for random access to vir-tually all types of programming stored in theFrankfurt system involved numerous design in-novations. These included high -storage capacityreel-to-reel tape transports containing up to 80

hours of programs, and 140 hours of recordedmusic used for local DJ shows. Any program ormusical selection had to be available 21/2 min-utes after command (research and cue time).Capability of joining real-time programs smoothlywas also required. Standard random access mul-tiple -cartridge machines were used for local andnetwork announcements.

IGM felt that the specialized requirements,budget limitations, caliber of operating person-nel, and state of the art argued for the computer -oriented system. Standard punched cards wereused as the memory. A solid-state buffer forseveral upcoming events permitted random in-quiry and readout of programming instructions.Enough time had to be allowed to search and cuerandom-access sources. Much AFRTS program-ming is fixed, and this permitted the use ofhard -wired control logic, rather than expensive,talent -demanding software -controlled logic.

Much information about AFRTS requirementsand the ability of automation in general wasgained from the 30 -day test. This information isstill under evaluation by AFRTS, and may leadto near -total automation of its facilities.


Traffic director stacks punched cards for day's program schedule at Memphis station WHBQ-FM.

ment. If the station uses a computer which doesnot accept cards, the 600 system can punch apaper tape to drive the billing computer.

An automation system is about the equal of asmall computer in broadcast operations. Neitherwill do the housekeeping job a general-purposecomputer will do. The memory capacity of a smallcomputer exceeds that of an automation system,but access capability is roughly similar.

Program Storage

Memory capacity of a system is a much mis-understood factor. Many persons ask "How longcan we go without having to re -program the sys-tem?" That depends on two things: the memorycapacity of the automation control and the capac-ity of the program sources. If the tape decks canhold only six hours of material, you don't need acomputer with a memory capacity of two days'programming. Furthermore, how far in advancecan a station prepare in detail its program content?Suppose a DJ show is being prepared with a talktape and music. Does the programmer, who ismaking up the material the night before, knowhow many breaks will be taken, which spots willbe called for, and which music transports toschedule in what order? If he knows, memory isimportant. If he has to wait until he cuts the talktape, then memory capacity is not as important asaccess when the programmer wants to get in andadd or change something.

Any automation system must be a compromisebetween memory capacity and ease of access forupdating or revising programming. At one extremethere is the day -long program which cannot bealtered; at the other, manual control. Most sys-tems are somewhere in between.

A small, specialized machine -control compu-ter has excellent access and a reasonable memorycapacity. You can change any part of the pro-gram while leaving the remainder undisturbed. Anautomation system using punched -card input, suchas the IGM 600, also has this capability. Itwouldn't be very useful at a broadcast station ifit didn't.

By the way, time-sharing a remote computerfor machine control purposes is terribly compli-cated and expensive; it just isn't done.

Service and maintenance are important. Thebest solution is probably to train your own per-sonnel, although major computer suppliers, likeIBM will make service calls. But you might beoff the air waiting for a technician to arrive.

If a computer is used only for machine control,the station is at the mercy of the speed and ac-curacy of the input data. One operator, instead ofcalling his control system a brain, refers to it asan electronic idiot. It can do only what it is toldto do. In other words, unless the memory capacityand decision -making ability of the computer canfirst be used for traffic, a machine -control compu-ter is a waste.

Most stations want computers first as house-keeping devices. It's therefore useful to be sureany automation system can be successfuly inter-faced with the computer, so that the computercan order the automation system. Some will, andsome won't. It is also useful if the automation sys-tem can reverse the flow of information, and tellthe computer what actually went on the air.

At this point, the large, general-purpose com-puter seems best used for housekeeping functions.Machine control is best accomplished by a small,specialized computer, or a computer -oriented au-tomation system. BM/E


Keeping up with theCompetition; Radio

Automation at CHRLSmall -market operation requires tight control of operating cost,because available revenue is limited. Automation can maintainquality sound while holding down overhead and freeing announc-ers to perform other station work.

Chief technician checks pressure roller on SPIO programmer.

September, I 969-BM/E

CHRL

"WITH THE NUMBER ofnew stations increasingin Canada, competitionis becoming increas-ingly severe," says Ben-oit Levesque, presidentof CHRL in Roberval,Quebec. "For many sta-tions, survival dependslargely on the operatingeconomies offered byprogram automationand network affilia-tion."

is an 18 -hour -a -day French -languagea -m station programming music, news and com-munity events, and has been automated since1967.

"With another station in our area," saysLevesque, "we had to stabilize our costs to remaincompetitive. Automation was the only way. Welooked at all available packages, trying for flexi-bility and network -joining capability. We decidedon a system manufactured by Gates Radio Divi-sion of Harris-Intertype Corporation."

CHRL operates automated 50% of its week-day air time. On weekends, programming is com-pletely automated except for a half hour onSaturday.

"We could operate in a totally automatedmode with no real difficulty," says Levesque."We use an average of 37 events during a half-hour's air time, or 444 events during a six -hourblock. The programmer in our system gives us thecapacity for 1000 events without reformatting.

Automation has brought CHRL the cost re-duction it needed. "Our announcers aren't sales-men," explains Levesque, "so the system hasn'tincreased our sales. But it's freed announcers forother tasks." Station announcers cover local newsand community affairs during times they wereformerly tied to the board. As some music pro-grams are broadcast live, they are taped foremergency use. If an important news event occurs,an operator can substitute a spare tape and gocover the news event.

Program Sources

Except for network and occasional local livebroadcasts, all CHRL programs are stored on tape,as follows: Musical selections are contained intwo Scully reel-to-reel decks on 14 -inch reels;commercial announcements are recorded oncartridges, and loaded into a 55 -cartridge ma-chine; package programs (news, weather, etc.)and other material are cartridge taped and loadedinto single -cartridge machines.

Format Tape

The automation system memory consists of oneor more tape cartridges which have been recordedwith the sequential switching information needed to

put the various program sources on the air exactlywhen and for as long as desired. This tape ismade up on an SP -10 Recording Programmer,which consists of an encoder circuit driven bya telephone -type dial, and a cartridge recorder.The operator loads the machine with a blanktape and starts it running. Then he follows theprogram schedule, and dials the code numberassigned to each source in sequence, just as thematerial is designed to go on the air.

For example, he might dial the followingsequence: Source 1 (voice intro); source 2 (mu-sical selection); source 8 (commercial); source 2(station ID and weather); source 1, (musical se-lection). The dial encodes the tape with digitalinformation, in the form of pulses of an 8000 -Hztone.

Program Control and Switching

As many as 1000 events may be stored ona 31 -minute format tape cartridge. And a formattape may be used over and over again as long asthe pattern isn't changed. Once the format tapeis made up, it is inserted into a SP -10 PlaybackProgrammer, as shown at the left in the diagram.As the format tape plays, it selects the sourcecalled for by the digital code. and transmits a1000 -Hz start pulse which starts the tape. Fromthe source, audio, end -of -message and logginginformation are sent to the AMS-10 Switches. Theaudio goes through a motor -driven fader (mastergain control), through an audio control and am-plifier, past the system VU meter, and on to thetransmitter. Note the audio monitor across theoutput. It's switchable to any source for cueing.

Meanwhile, end -of -message information isrouted back from the switcher to the programmer.A 25 -Hz tone denotes the end of each musicalselection on each reel-to-reel deck. In a cartridgemachine, a 150 -Hz tone (on the cue track) de-notes end. When an event has ended, the endcue is routed through the switcher to the pro-grammer, where it triggers the next event. Thusthe system is a closed loop; an upcoming eventcan't start until the on -air event gets off.

A third output from the switcher feeds logginginformation to the logging decoder. This consistsof the digital identification of each source, andit causes the logging printer to print out the pro-gram log. All commercial announcements arelogged, as are station breaks and other requiredannouncements. (Music is coded with five zeros,as it's not required to be logged.)

Digital Clock

Reference for the system is provided by adigital clock locked to the 60 -Hz power linefrequency. The clock has a visual display on itsfront panel, and furnishes digital time data (hours,minutes and seconds) to the logging decoder.Time information is fed, along with logging in-formation, to the printer. Thus the printer shows

September, I 969-BM/E 29

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Block diagram of CHRL's switching system.

30 September, 1969-BWE

4a

the source identifying number along with the exacttime that source went on the air.

Another important use for the clock is to airstation IDs and permit joining the network atthe proper times. When the format tape is madeup, most events are done sequentially, withoutregard to time. When a station ID must be doneat or near a certain time, the operator makingup the format tape depresses a pushbutton. Thisswitch impresses a 150 -Hz tone on the formattape. Also on the format tape is the digital in-formation that's dialed in. The 150 Hz pulseis used to differentiate between source codes andtime information. Thus, to air a station ID at11:30 a.m., the operator dials the source codeand then holds down the 150 -Hz button whiledialing 11:30 into the tape. Upon playback, thesystem waits for 11:30 to arrive, as stated by thedigital clock. Then it starts the cartridge contain-ing the station ID.

Network Programs

A similar idea is used to join the network ontime. When the source code for net is dialedinto the format tape, a time code is also dialed.The system then waits until the proper time tojoin net.

Since joining net on a time basis is critical,manyriodically to sync with network time.

An even more foolproof system is used atCHRL. The format tape contains a time code asso-ciated with the net join signal. But the join circuitis actually a logic AND circuit. Before CHRL canjoin net, the time must be correct, and an incom-ing join cue must be received from CBC. Thusthe circuit is armed by the time code on theformat tape and the proper time given by thedigital clock. The system waits; when the CBCjoin signal is received, CHRL takes net.

Time Selector

The clock is a reference, and doesn't initiateany action. The operating circuit driven by theclock is the time selector, which operates onlywhen time correction information appears on theformat tape.

Musical programs (as contrasted with newsand other tight -timed programs) are usually over -programmed, so there's more than enough musicto fill the time block. At the end of a block, orwhen an ID or net -join must be made, time -correction information appears on the formattape. This time -correction data tells the timeselector to skip the overmatter and initiate athree -second fade, using the motor -driven fader.Then the station ID or network program isswitched in.

Obviously any system occasionally malfunc-tions, and a safeguard must be provided for such

happenings. Clines system contains two silencesensors for such purposes. Each silence sensoractuates after a preset silent period has occurredin the circuit it monitors. The first sensor moni-tors the output of the automation system. Whensilence occurs, the on -air source has usually failed.The remedy, at the user's option, can be to goto the next source, bypassing the defective one.But it's also possible, if source packages aretightly timed, to go to a standby fill tape until itbecomes time to go to the originally schedulednext source. The silence sensor may also triggeran external alarm and summon the human oper-ator.

The other silence sensor air -monitors thetransmitted signal. Thus if anything past the auto-mation system should fail (like the STL or trans-mitter), sensor #2 knows about it. It can bearmed to trigger an external alarm or take othersteps the user desires.

The log printer normally prints events andtime codes in black, providing that the materialwas actually broadcast. Should sensor *2 ac-tuate, indicating that the station is not transmit-ting the program, the log printer is shifted fromblack to red printout, clearly indicating down-time.

Time Announcer

Although not used at CHRL, a Gates automa-tion option used by some stations is the timeannouncer, actually a pair of tape machines.Machine #1 contains odd -minute announce-ments, while machine #2 contains even -minuteannouncements. Driven by the digital clock, thetime announcer makes available one announce-ment per minute. While one machine is available,the other is cueing itself up.

Operating Modes

When operating in the total automation mode,the system runs continuously from sources asdetermined by the format tape. Time correctionis inserted for station ID's and network feeds,keeping the system tied to real time.

It's also possible to operate in a semi -automa-tion mode. The system basically runs automatedfrom normal sources. But at preset times it waits,playing overmatter, until a live operator overridesand goes on the air.

Finally, manual operation is possible at anytime. Normally it's more convenient to cartridgetape a newscast, timing it to fit the schedule, andload it into a single cart machine for automatedairing. But when a bulletin or serious weatherreport arrives, it's possible to go to full manualcontrol, using a remote -control facility which en-ables the operator to run any source on com-mand. BM/E


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AMPEX TV STATIONCOMPUTER -CONTROLLED

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Block diagram of centralized computer -type switching system.

Hands-off TV SwitchingMarry your manual and automatic TV gear to a switching computer, and re-lieve panic -period pressure. Here's a system where punched cards trigger theaction, print the program log and even originate billing information.

MANUAL TV SWITCH-ING is rapidly becomingobsolete at many sta-tions, simply becausethe system complexitygenerates errors duringthe panic period. Auto-mation minimizes er-rors, frees personnel formore creative tasks, andautomatically keeps logsand provides data forbuffing.

New from Ampex is a general-purpose, stored-program digital computer and peripheral equip-ment. The switcher contains integrated circuitsand digital logic.

The computer is linked to a core memory thatcan handle up to 150 scenes, or about five hoursof programming. Scene information is fed to thecomputer via punched cards. A real-time clock,locked to the 60 -Hz power line (or other timestandard such as wwv) is the reference for allcomputer action and switching.

Binary Language

Both the software program and IBM card -scheduling data are fed to the computer in thesame binary language (ASCII code) used by busi-ness computers, so program logs can be fed di-rectly from the switching computer to the account-ing computer for billing.

By contrast, the program log is recorded inplain language, and displays an accurate record ofprograms that actually have been broadcast (notsimply pre -broadcast schedules) and the real timethat each event occurred. The printed log needbe merely verified and signed by the operatorto meet FCC requirements.

A plain -language monitor display is also pro-vided by the computer memory. This informationincludes time of day (hours, minutes and seconds),identification of the "on -air" event (includingduration of time remaining in scene), and identifi-cation of the next five or more scenes pro-grammed to follow (including scene duration,source equipment, program number or name andtransition instructions). The operator can see anyfive scenes scheduled in the computer.

Any portion of the information entered intoscene storage may be deleted, edited, or alter-natively, an addition can be made until a few sec-onds before a scene goes on the air. Manualswitching is always available.

All programs are organized and executed withpunched cards. Each 80 -column card is punchedwith a six -digit number representing an event inthe daily station operation. The cards are pre-pared by the traffic department and stacked ac-cording to time sequence in a card reader whichconverts the data to digital code for storage bythe memory cores. As events take place, informa-tion from unprocessed cards is automatically en -

Continued on page 82


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Phase CorrectionHolds Colors SteadySwitching video sources in a control room can be a colorful prob-lem unless the relative phases are equal. Newly developed equip-ment equalizes phase error, keeping colors the same.

By Rolf Drucker

IN A TELEVISION STATION using either the NTSCor the PAL color system, signals from all videosources (live cameras, film chains, VTRs, etc.)must arrive at the switcher input with sync pulsesin time and color subcarriers in exact phase. It'sassumed that all video sources are driven from thesame sync generator, or are individually Gen -locked so that driving pulse error is minimal. Therange of allowable subcarrier phase error is quitesmall; each six inches of coax causes a one -degreephase shift.

In a small installation, each video source isgenerally fed to not more than two switchers.Since the equipment is usually grouped closely,it's easy to make coax path lengths equal, andonce the plant is phase trimmed, it seldom givesmuch trouble.

However, in the more complex installationsfound at larger stations, networks, productioncenters and government installations, the color -phase problem becomes more severe. Plant areais usually large and the several control rooms areat varying distances from the telecine, video tape,or camera -control center. Furthermore, all videosources should be available to all control roomsat any time. Whenever a source is connected toa control -room switcher, someone has to adjustits subcarrier to be in phase with all other sourcesfeeding that switcher.

The crudest, yet presently most commonmethod is to get telecine on the telephone and"talk" the video operator into the proper adjust-ment. This system takes a lot of time and wastesmanpower, especially when several control roomswant phase trimming done at once. Color filmchains and VTRs are very expensive deviceswhich pay their keep only when actually in use.Setup or adjustment time is almost as wastefulas down time, and should therefore be minimized.

Equal Cable Lengths

One solution to the phase problem is the useof equal -length cable runs from telecine or VTRcontrol to each control room. Unfortunately, allcable runs must then be as long as the longest.This is an expensive system which wastes cableand requires storage space for the coiled lengths

Rolf Drucker is technical director, ABC-TV, NewYork City.


of the shorter runs. And if a new control roomrequiring a longer cable run is added, the systemmust be completely rewired.

Fixed video delay lines could be used to com-pensate for unequal cable lengths, but they causeundesirable level loss and require equalization.

Another solution is to use a video delay ampli-fier at each switcher input, combining delay,equalization and amplifying functions into a singleequipment. While this method overcomes thephase problem, it's expensive and still requiresmanual trimming each time a source is assignedto a control room.

Automatic Phase Correction

The obvious answer to the phase problem isan automatic corrector driven by, say, referenceblack, as seen at the switcher input. Nippon Elec-tric has proposed such a device, a phase com-parator at the switcher input. The circuit com-pares the phase of the incoming subcarrier withreference black, producing a dc correction voltagewhich is fed back to the video source. At thesource, the correction voltage shifts the subcarrierphase.

Although this device is automatic and gets thejob done, it requires a feedback path fromswitcher to source, which means more cable. Andthe method allows for phase correction at onlyone switcher; video from the same source to otherswitchers is still out of phase.

A more satisfactory solution is shown in Fig.1. The circuit is located at each switcher, and

Author inspects coils of coax used to delay signals to "equal-ize" cable runs.

BM/E Photo

BM/E Photo

SUBCARRIERIN

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DELAY OR sb SH h FT

DCCORRECTION

AMP

3.58PHASESHIFT

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Figure I. Color phase correction system block diagram as used in commercial delay units.

accepts video feeds from any source. The com-parator circuit is driven by reference black, andautomatically phase shifts any incoming subcarrierto the proper value.

At the suggestions of the author and others,at least two manufacturers have developed phase -correcting devices. Control Concepts Corporationcalls its unit an Automatic Delay Line (or ADL),while Videon Corporation uses the term Auto-phaser. A somewhat similar circuit is the Color-tec used in Ampex color VTRs, which correctssubcarrier phase error caused by the mechanicallimitations of the headwheel.

In the Automatic Delay Line, incoming videopasses through a variable delay line so that thesubcarrier is brought into phase with a referencesample. Output phase is adjustable over a rangeof more than 360'; once set, output phase isconstant and independent of input phase. Notethat the Automatic Delay Line combines delay,amplification and equalization, by contrast witha fixed delay line, which has delay, loss and non -flat response.

The Autophaser uses a phase -shift network tocorrect phase error. The results of both devicesare similar, but the Automatic Delay Line cor-

Automatic delay line by Control Concepts Corp., as installedin MC Network's Isi&v, York switching control.

rects even minor path -length errors.In a plant using the ADL, all pulse times and

subcarrier phases are adjusted at the source toarrive in time and phase at the master controltransmission video patchfield or routing switcher.Any timing and phase errors which occur beyondthat point are automatically corrected by theADL.

Where It's Hooked Up

In general, there are two points within thesystem where the ADL may be connected. Thefirst and most desirable point is at the output ofeach video source, before the cable run to mastercontrol. Obviously this method requires a separatephase corrector at each video source-quite anexpense in a large plant.

The alternate method is shown in Fig. 2 andis satisfactory in most cases. One ADL is placedat the output of each switcher deck where phaserelation to another video signal is critical, or atthe outputs of the Mix and Effects switch decks.Since most studio switchers have two Mix and twoEffects decks, four ADLs are required for eachswitcher.

In special circumstances, as some networkfeeds, some ADLs are used at certain sources, aswell as at switchers.

Network Use of ADL

The first practical application of the Auto-matic Delay Line was by ABC-TV during the1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City. At theorigination point, a rubidium frequency standardlocked the sync generator. Such a standard isnormally specified with an accuracy of 4 x 10-",but a matched pair is good for an accuracy of onepower higher. The Mexico City standard had beenmatched to a twin at ABC-TV Master Control in

September. 1969-BM/E

New York. Thus incoming Olympic video hadhighly stable sync which matched New York sync.But subcarrier phase drifted slightly, necessitatingautomatic phase control.

The situation, a rare occurence, was an un-locked feed of known stability under actual fieldconditions, available for testing during a two-weekperiod. The automatic phase correction was firstused on a test basis. But monitoring and measure-ment proved it so accurate that it was soon usedon the air and the previously -employed Genlockassigned to backup duty.

By using automatic phase correction, ABCwas able to integrate Olympic video with localNew York feeds of tape and film.

During field testing, two condtions were foundwhich disturbed the control. These are: When a monochrome signal appears at theinput, and there is no color burst. If no external,fixed delay were inserted, the servo loop wouldcontinuously hunt for the nonexistent subcarrier. When incoming subcarrier frequency is out ofcontrol range from the house reference. This isa period of 30 percent in excess of one cycle of3.58 MHz, or about 350 nsec.To compensate for these conditions, the ADLmust break the servo loop and insert a fixeddelay. In this situation, the device sets itself to afixed delay, and a warning light indicates that cor-rection is not taking place.

Delay Lines at ABC

Today an Automatic Delay Line is used atABC-TV Master Control in New York for the

ABC Evening News. Portions of that programoriginate in New York (Frank Reynolds) andWashington (Howard K. Smith). Split-screenand Chromakey techniques are used extensively,requiring accurate frame and subcarrier phaselock between the two points. Genlock cannot beused, because Genlock rolls disturb the VTRservo control, causing video breakup for severalseconds. Besides, that program is fed delayed onvideotape to much of the country.

Thus a refinement of the Mexico City tech-nique is used to lock New York and Washington.Twin rubidium frequency standards, matched toeach other and to the U.S. Standard Frequency,drive the New York and Washington sync gen-erators. Before each program, frame and subcar-rier frequency coincidence are checked, and theAutomatic Delay Line is set to the middle of itscorrection range. From then on, during the two-hour period or rehearsal, air time and two tapeplaybacks, the correction system needs no adjust-ment. During delayed tape playbacks, live seg-ments are sometimes inserted to update late newsevents, which would be difficult or impossiblewithout automatic phase control.

ABC plans to install new routing switchersin its New York and Hollywood plants soon.Each will be equipped with Automatic DelayLines. Thus each control room will be able toselect any video source without resorting tomaster control. And when the source is selected,it will be in phase with all other sources arrivingat that control room.

The Automatic Delay Line has a bonus feature;it corrects creeping phase shift which shows upeventually in any system. BM/E

Figure 2. A technique for switching in automatic delay lines (ADL) as needed.

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WANT TO TAKE THE GAMBLE OUT OFVIDEO TAPE DROPOUTS?

LET 3M's DROPOUT PROFILE RECORDERKEEP YOUR BEST TAPES IN THE RACE

Now for the first time it is possible with the 3MBrand Dropout Profile Recorder to evaluate drop-out rate and annoyance factor during normal on-line playback, and to obtain a permanent strip -chartrecord for future reference. This enables you todecide when quality degradation has reached thepoint where the tape should be retired.There's no fooling the Dropout Profile Recorder.It displays the true condition of a tape electroni-cally even while the same tape is being dropout -

compensated during broadcast to achieve accept-able visual quality.As you can imagine, the logical companion to theDPR is the 3M Brand Dropout Compensator. TheDOC electronically supplies full -color replacement

of lost video information. But dropout compensa-tion can go only so far. When tape damage exceedsacceptable levels, the Dropout Profile Recorder isthe only reliable way to decide on future usability.

The entire record for a one -hour videotape occupiesonly five inches of strip chart on the DPR. Thischart can be evaluated at a glance. It can then betorn off and stored with the tape.

There are several additional features of the DPRwhich are described in our DPR brochure. (We'llsend you a brochure on the DOC also, in case youare interested.) Drop us a line. Better still, call ourDPR Information Phone at (805) 482-1911 ext. 216and request the brochures.

Mincom Division 3m300 SOUTH LEWIS ROAD CAMARILLO. CALIFORNIA 93010



BM/E Photo Used transmitter tube is turned down on lathe to outfit it for its new role in life.

Finals from the Garbage.thered by

the high cost of fm transmitter tubes? Raiding a-mers' garbage may turn up perfectlygood, usable power triodes that can save you $$$.

WANT TO CUT DOWN your fm operating costs?Who doesn't? Jerry Cobb, general manager ofReno, Nevada's KNEV, has an unusual way of ob-taining his transmitter final tubes for little or nocash outlay. "We just want to keep the overheaddown," says Cobb. "Most fm operators have hador know of problems in this area. This is just oneof many ways we've learned to economize."

Cobb uses tubes that have previously seenservice in a -m transmitters-Eimac type 3-2500F-a tube type that has filament leads "perma-nently" bonded to external metal parts. Withoutthese filament leads, the tube is identical to type3-2500A-3-the tube which KNEV'S transmittercalls for.

Popular A -m TubeThe "F" tube is a popular type in a -m trans-

mitters. Cobb first cuts off the filament leads, andthen has engineer/machinist John Schlenk turndown the tube on a lathe so it'll fit the socket inits new role in life. A-mers remove this tube fromservice because of failure to meet amplitude surgerequirements. The tube, which may no longer besuitable for a -m pulse -type service, is still perfectlyall right for fm use, since there are no surge peaksto be transmitted.

"We sometimes jack up the filament voltage abit, too," continues Cobb, "and we find that wecan get at least a year's operating life out of these`used' tubes." Cobb pays a nominal $5 for eachtube, although he picks up a number of them atno cost at all. A -m stations discard them and heraids the garbage. These tubes sell new for $110."A -m stations discard tubes that they no longercan use-tubes that have already given them theservice that they want," states Cobb. "We find thatthis tube simply can't make power in most a -mtransmitters unless it's in absolutely perfect condi-tion."

Grounded -Grid TriodeThe 3-2500F is a general-purpose triode spe-

cifically for frequencies below 30 MHz. Ingrounded -grid configuration, KNEV finds the tubeswork exceptionally well at fm frequencies. Thetube is designed to dissipate 2500 watts. A pairin the transmitter final provides 5 kilowatts platedissipation, or 10 kilowatts transmitter power inthe grounded -grid circuit. While this tube may notwork in your particular rig, if you're designing anew transmitter, or want to diddle with the finala little, it's possible Jerry Cobb's savings formulamight work for you too. It's certainly worth con-sidering! BM/E


7echnician synchronizing audio with film that was shot on location.

Seattle's King: Pro MovieUntil it copped the 1968 Oscar for its Redwood documentary, King ScreenProductions was a relatively obscure outfit in the Pacific Northwest. Nowit's helping put Seattle on the map as a major force in TV film production.

SEATTLE SEEMS A STRANGE place for an Oscar -winning fihn production company to have its shop.New York, Chicago and Hollywood are the tradi-tional headquarters for film production. Yet inspite of this tradition -bound limitation, Roger Hag-en's King Screen Productions has grown to a highdegree of stature in the Northwest (and nation-wide) since it was formed three years ago.

Hagen, who is general manager, describes thereasons for the firm's growth in Seattle: "Seattleis a fast-growing, progressive city. It has a mod-erate climate, a healthy economy and beautifulscenery. But, by any measure, it is a long wayfrom New York, Chicago and Hollywood, wherethe film production industries have traditionallyfocused."

Even so, during the three, short years thathave passed since King Screen Productions wasorganized by King Broadcasting Company inearly 1966, an impact has been made upon thenational scene. King's staff, which started withtwelve people, mostly from Portland, Oregon's

disbanded KGW-TV documentary film productiondepartment, has grown to 32 at this writing.

Crews Are World -Traveled

King's film production crews have traveled theworld, ranging from the primitive farm -villages ofColombia, South America, to the forests of Can-ada and the distilleries of Scotland. In addition totelevision and theatrical entertainment, more than100 commercials and nearly a score of non -enter-tainment films have been produced for business,industrial and educational sponsors.

Asked if King Screen Productions began witha basic policy or philosophy, Hagan replied:"There are commercial film production houseslocated in every major city in this country. How-ever, with few exceptions, only those in New York,Chicago and Hollywood have the opportunity tocompete for national business. Our idea was tobe a commercial house like the others, but also

42September, 1969--BhA/E

Cinematographer lines up studio shot for TV commercial.

Maker with Midas Touch

to aim at producing some really good films. Bygood, I mean both artistic and worthwhile. Theunderstanding that we will do "good" things hasdrawn excellent people to our staff. Because ofthis high caliber of talent, we have been able tocompete with anyone, anywhere for any job.

"As an example, we made a film for thePeace Corps. The concept was that we wouldshow how a Peace Corps team operated in a farmtown located in Colombia. However, instead ofjust documenting how the team lived and worked,we concentrated upon capturing the essence ofthe culture in which they worked, and the impactthat they would leave behind.

"We did this by sending a small crew, threemen, who were able to develop a rapport withthe people involved. The cameraman, RichardChew (who also filmed Oscar -winner "the Red-woods") is a graduate of UCLA and went part-way through Harvard Law School before choosingthis career. The producer -writer, Mark Harris,and the director -sound recording specialist SkeetsMcGrew, are also brilliant young men who en-tered the film industry because they were inter-

ested in communications."Harris and McGrew spent several weeks just

getting to know the people. Then, they came homeand worked with the director of photography tocreate a treatment. When we went back to shoot,we supplemented the camera crew with local tal-ent. By then, we were in empathy with the people-so, we were able to document their perspectiveof how the Peace Corps affected their lives.

"This was important because people who jointhe Peace Corps are highly motivated. They wantto achieve results. They also want to learn aboutthemselves. Anyone seeing this film can feel theimpact that the Peace Corps made on this onevillage, as well as the impact the village made onthe volunteers.."

Recruiting Talent

King makes a major effort to have companyrepresentatives visit the better college campusesand to tell its story. The studio receives applica-tions from the film schools and from professionals,but Hagan is really looking for young, well-edu-

September. 1969-BM/E 43

Film editor at work in King's cutting room. Professional editingis integral part of operation.

cated people who have the ability to learn and tomove up fast. Most of his cameramen, for ex-ample, have less than three years of experience.

High -brow film projects are not regarded asa trend at King. Hagan feels that there will alwaysbe specials of this sort, but, few sponsors are will-ing to invest in this type of programming. Kingis simply trying to put itself in a position where itis able to claim a share of the most interestingwork.

There's no quick -success secret in the tele-vision production business. Rather, Hagan feelsthat success is due to foresight, the ability to en-vision what the public will want tomorrow,coupled with the courage to then produce whatyou believe in. "We don't always have the formeror the latter," Hagan says, but we're always ex-perimenting, trying to open new areas of oppor-tunity. For example, we've created some five-min-ute pilots meant for daytime strip programming.One series deals with sex education and it is quitefrank. We're also doing some serious experimen-tation with children's programming; one such showis built around the adventures of a group of chil-dren living on Puget Sound.

Genesis of an Idea

A film subject can start with a sponsor or canbe based on a speculative idea. In the case ofcommercials or industrials, agencies will usuallycome in with fixed ideas and if King wants the

Films for CommercialsThe volume of color films used in color televisioncommercials today far surpasses the quantities ofblack and white films used in the heyday ofmonochrome TV. The production of color com-mercials is a major industry supported mostlyby color television, with a small percentage ofproduction being shown by indoor and outdoortheaters.

The largest number of color commercial filmsare supplied to the local television stations by thevarious advertising agencies. These films, in themotion picture format, are produced by the thou-sands for the ad agencies, usually in the 16mmwidth and on negative -positive color film. Thelocal station can then air these films as receivedor, as is often done, the films are recorded onmagnetic tape. This taping has some advantagesin that it protects the film from the ravages ofrepeated projection, and also lets the station super-impose its own local message, logo, pictures, etc.

Local ad agencies and TV stations that maketheir own commercials usually use color reversalfilms such as Anscochrome and Ektachrome.These films can be processed locally and thework is often done by the station's photographicpersonnel. This is especially helpful if the stationhas its own reversal processing equipment forcolor news films.

As with the color commercials supplied bythe agencies, these films can also be taped withthe addition of local messages, logos, fades, wipesand other effects inserted electronically. If theoriginal color footage is shot on "silent" film,taping lets you add synchronized narration andbackground music. From a synchronization stand-point, this is a definite improvement over the useof separate film and tape cartridges.

Occasionally, submitted slides are recopied bythe local station using Anscochrome T/100,Anscochrome Duplicating Film Type 5470, orEktachrome Type B, and the local message isincorporated in the duplicate slide. The localmessage can also be superimposed on the colorslide during the broadcast.

Slides from flat art work are usually madeon a copy stand using incandescent illuminationand 35mm tungsten type films, such as Ansco-chrome T/100 or Ektachrome Type B. Ansco-chrome Duplicating Film Type 5470 can alsobe used for making slides of flat art work wheresofter contrast and greater economy is desired.All of these 35mm slide films can be processedby local photo labs or by station personnel usingthe available processing outfits and one -pint orone -quart size tanks.


job, it adheres to the customer's ideas. "After all,"says Hagan, "it's their money." Other times, clientswill come in with objectives and will ask for ideas.A major client in the Midwest, for example, wantsthe studio to develop both a television special andsome spots. In these cases, Hagan presents theproblem to a Creative Board, made up of the artdirector, writers, at least two film directors, thehead cameraman, a sales person, an estimator.and of course Hagan. In general, Hagan has foundagencies and sponsors to be more flexible andopen to creative ideas.

In the non -sponsored field, the studio hasoriginated and started a number of films. TheAcademy -Award -winning documentary, "TheRedwoods," was not sponsored at first. Otherfilms have been started with the idea in mind ofgetting a network interested. Several of these filmsare currently in some phase of production. Kingalso originates and speculates on all of its educa-tional films.

There's no clear-cut trend towards cinemaverite as such.

Pure verite is ill -adapted to many assignmentsaccording to Hagan. "Certainly film equipmenthas become lighter and color films faster," hesays, "making a naturalist technique easier toadopt. I would say use it where the actual non -directed situation has a lot of momentum, but notwith passive subjects. As for hand-held cameras,that is not verite; it's simply an alternative to adolly and can be used in any kind of filming where

is required of the camera."

Most significant in today's film -making indus-try, according to Hagan, is the demand which hasbeen created for visual, non -directive learning bythe broad exposure to films that people are re-ceiving in school, business, industry and else-where in their everyday lives. This presents atremendous opportunity for film-makers. The newgeneration of teachers demand good film, becausethey and their pupils are visually sophisticated.

"We are heavily into classroom films now,"Hagan states, "and we find that the best filmicideas are also the most salable. What used to bethe sluggish part of the industry, education film,will now become a talent medium as well. Andit will be open to young talent as a provingground because the proven talent will move on tomore lucrative segments of the industry. Educa-tion will take the place of television in this re-gard.

"Television is no longer an open field for theyoung film-maker. Local production is almostdead except for hard news, and national produc-tion is the closed club of seasoned professionalsin the guilds. You will soon see people going fromthe education work directly to low -budget features.Features will be more experimental, distributorsmore various. That is the direction of our devel-opment, anyway: via education to features andto the actuality film for industry. The latter willovertake the old-style industrial because the newgeneration demands credibility, so the nature ofpublic relations for business will have to changein the 1970's." BM/E

King's President Roger Hagen (left) looks at story board with art director.

September, 1969-BWE 45

Kept company by "cold nose" Duke, Hill readies disc for hisshow on WPTH.

Blind DJGives Radio

Station NewDimension

With his dog at his feet and his wife by hisside, Tim Hill holds the night spotlight atWPTH-FM. So what? Hill is the onlyblind DJ known to do the news and oper-ate the controls himself. That's what.

WPTH-FM MAY BE THE ONLY STATION in Americawith braille copy in its daybooks. After all, theFort Wayne, Indiana, stereo station boasts TimHill-the only blind disc jockey in the countryknown to do his own news and operate his owncontrols. Indications are that Hill is adding allkinds of dimensions to listeners' enjoyment andperhaps to the future of the blind in radio.

A tap on the shoulder from wife Angie tellsHill it's news wrap-up time and he intros, "Nowthere's my song-'0n a Clear Day You Can SeeForever' !" Engineers break up, Angie giggles andHill's "cold nose" named Duke scratches. Thanksto an article in The. Journal -Gazette some monthsago that told listeners Hill is blind, the WPTHnight-time crew probably isn't smiling alone.

"Blindness isn't a handicap; it's an inconveni-ence," says Hill, who has to spend 30 minutesevery day braining out just the news. Sightless fc-21 of his 23 years, Hill found it hard at first I.

adjust to reading ahead of himself, instead of tak.ing one word at a time. This kind of frustrationseems nebulous in comparison with the feelingsHill suffered when job hunting.

The first steps to a career in broadcasti ig wentwell; everyone who heard his audition tapes andsaw his resume wanted to meet him. "I neverstated I was blind in the resume; I figured if theyliked my voice on the tapes, they would have thatvoice," says Hill. The interviews went differently.After setting Hill up for a test in a studio, a man

46 September, 1969- BM/E

at the Traverse City radio station noticed Duke,realized Hill was blind, handed him the resumeand "ran." That same day, another interviewerasked Hill, "How do you crawl up the stairs?"and told him the studio was too small for him.Hill recalls, "That was a laugh-the smaller thestudio, the easier it is for me. He had a millionexcuses and they all came about after he knew Iwas blind." Bill Shaw, former manager of WPTH-FM, was one of the few who greeted Hill with ahandshake. But in Shaw's case, he added, "We'vebeen waiting for you."

Hill's interest in forging a career in an areawhere only three other blind men are known tohave "made it" was far from one of those story-book "burning desire" deals. Rather, it was bornof "the ingenious idea of getting an hour's creditfor being a DJ." Hill was majoring in mass com-munication at Wayne State University in Detroit."Everybody at school kept telling me I couldn'tmake it in radio and so I guess I finally quit col-lege to find out if what they were saying was true,"says Hill, who went on to learn fm controls andgraduate from Rets Electronics in Detroit. Thenthe "burning desire" and determination grew,helping Hill get the experience needed to approachWPTH-FM for a radio announcing job.

Says WPTH Manager Dave Miller, "It's a well-known fact that in industry blind employees oftenmake the best workers where accurate touch isrequired . . . a radio station's 'image' is based onwhat its listeners HEAR. And I don't mean justthe type of music put out . . . We chose Tim Hillsolely on the strength of his radio voice: pleasant,with a youthful assurance and timber and a specialblend of humor which . . . tends to make thelistener feel good." That Hill also handled tapes,discs, fm controls, was "frosting on the cake," saysMiller.

There is a resemblance worth noting betweenblind radio script writer Hector Chevigny and TimHill; both have proven through their work thatblindness actually helps sharpen a radio man's"ear." Chevigny imbued his best seller, My EyesHave a Cold Nose (written in the year Hill wasborn), with that message.

Hill's message is no less personal: "I just hopethat wherever I get in the business, that the nextblind announcer who comes along can get a stepfarther because of me . . . so that in 10 years, itcan be common to hire blind announcers." BM/E

Equally at home with tape and discs Hill starts up Ampex.Hill knows distinctive feel of each machine.


Oscilloscope display indicates accurate focusing on test rig. Chart recorder prints transfer curves automatically.

No -Guess Tester ProfilesCamera Lenses By Dr. Frank G. Back

Plagued by unmatched lenses or repair jobs that throw off crucial optical calibration?Zoomar has come up with a no-nonsense lens calibrating system that shows you ex-actly what a lens can and can't do.

CAMERAMEN AS WELL AS OPTICAL ENGINEERShave long known that there is no universally per-fect camera lens. A lens that's ideal for color maybe a poor performer with monochrome. Even thebest zoom lens will work differently at differentfocal length settings. Finding a practical, conven-ient yardstick for evaluating lens performance hasbeen a continuing problem both for the camera de-partment that must spend its lens dollars wisely,and for the engineer concerned with quality of pic-ture transmission.

Until recently, it has been general practiceto evaluate lens performance in terms of resolvingpower. For TV applications, special test targetshave been developed by the broadcasting indus-try and are used to read the number of TV linesthat can be resolved. One difficulty with thesetests is that the observer has to judge when hecan no longer see any lines. Since the disappear-ance of resolution is gradual, different observerswill get different results.

Also, we know from practical experience thata lens can have an extremely high target resolu-

tion but produce a picture that appears washedout and lacking in crispness. This is becauseresolution tests tell us nothing about the lens'contrast characteristics-a factor of major im-portance in the final picture quality.

The Zoomar modulation transfer function me-ter was developed to provide TV stations andother major camera users with a simple, reliablemeans of measuring lens quality without relyingon an inspector's subjective judgement. Al-though the optical industry over the past tenyears has adopted the modulation transfer func-tion technique as a standard method of lens eval-uation, instruments for measuring MTF have un-til now been complex, cumbersome devices, andtheir use has thus far been limited to the largestoptical laboratories. In contrast, the Zoomar MTFMeter will fit on top of a desk, plugs into a120 -volt wall socket, and automatically prints outquantitative data of lens performance in as littleas 20 seconds.

The underlying principle of modulation trans-fer, on which the Zoomar meter is based, is es -


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Basic operating elements in the MTF Meter system.

sentially simple. Instead of saying that a particularlens resolves a certain number of lines per milli-meter, the technique measures the percentage ofpicture information that remains after passingthrough the lens at various spatial frequencies.Plotting a number of these measurements on agraph results in a curve that shows the lens' abilityto transmit image detail. Unlike resolution tests,MTF measurements account for all the image -degrading effects of resolution loss, contrast loss,veiling glare and phase shift.

Rotating Target

In operation, a spoke -pattern target, rotatingat a constant speed, is projected onto the focalplane of the lens being tested by a calibratedmotor -driven zoom lens system. This varies thesize of the target image to produce spatial fre-quencies from 10 to 80 lines per millimeter.Light pulses passing through the lens are pickedup by a photoconductive cell and are convertedto voltage pulses at a constant frequency of 400

Hz. Filters remove the higher harmonics fromthese voltages, thus providing sinusoidal signalswhich are amplified to drive a chart recorder pen.This eliminates the need for a sinusoidal testtarget, a serious obstacle in past attempts to de-velop a simple MTF meter.

A T -bar slide permits tilting the test lensaround its nodal point without moving the tar-get image out of its focal plane. This featurepermits quick and accurate measurement of off -axis performance as well as effective focal lengthof the lens. The spatial zero frequency for nor-malizing the instrument is obtained with a chop-per wheel that can be moved into the light path tomodulate the entire light bundle into 400 -Hzon -off pulses. The meter includes an oscilloscopeas well as a loudspeaker for visual and audibleindications of correct zero calibration.

The MTF Meter is designed to accept anylens having a focal length from one inch up to40 inches, with outside diameters up to 12 inches

Continued on page 80


Getting Rid of Film Static

This little bar, containing Microspheres of nuclear isotopes,is a big problem -solver in film -processing equipment.

Processing machines cause static buildupon film, attracting dust and debris whichfoul projectors. Here's an easy way to elim-inate static and keep your film clean.

LIKE MANY TV STATIONS, KSTP-TV (St. Paul)processes more than 100,000 feet of magnetically -striped 16 -mm color newsfilm per year. As atmany other stations, maintaining film cleanlinessat KSTP-TV was getting to be a problem. Theprocessor caused static buildup on the film, andthis static attracted dust particles, ashes and evenfilm scrapings. The station attempted to solvethe problem by running the film through twoganged cleaning machines. This helped, but didn'tdo the job completely.

Next the station considered installing a film -cleaning machine on its processor at the pointwhere film emerges from the dry box. "That'sthe static buildup point; the film runs at 60 feetper minute over plastic rollers, at a temperatureof 135°, and relative humidity only 28 percent,"says KSTP photo supervisor Jerry Renchin.

"You could hold the back of your hand nearthe film and watch the hairs stand up, attractedby the static electricity. But installing a film clean-ing machine at this point would have been verydifficult."

Static Eliminator

KSTP-TV also investigated various types ofelectrically operated static elimination devices.But these units erased the magnetic sound stripeat the same time they prevented static.

About a year was spent experimenting beforethe station tested a nuclear static eliminator man-ufactured by 3M Company. This unit solved theproblem in two weeks.

The nuclear unit was first laid across a stripof magnetically striped film. It had no adverseeffect on the sound quality.

The static eliminator was then mounted on thedryer outfeed of the processor. "We noticed adefinite change within 36 hours," Renchin says."When processed film was projected, we couldsee the difference in the image. Dust on the filmwas no longer a problem."

The problem -solver is 3M Co.'s Model 210Static Eliminator. It's a self -powered, portableunit and needs no electrical connections of anykind. Thus it can't cause sparks which might bea problem in a film processor.

The static eliminator produces ionized air,which neutralizes both positive and negative staticcharges. This ionization is done by nuclear iso-topes in inert ceramic beads called Microspheres.They're harmless to any nearby personnel.

KSTP-TV leases the unit on an annual basisfrom 3M and it doesn't require an Atomic EnergyCommission license. BM/E


MANAGEMENT

1{0i171'L' 1SLE

Does Fm Always Have to Be Second -Best?

Success stories about finers continue to be few and scattered. The watchword should be"promote," but too often, promo dollars are too few and poorly used.

By Marlin Raymond Taylor

ONE FM STATION in a large east-ern market went over the million -dollar mark in 1968, and a fewothers broke the $500,000 barrier.Still, when you consider that anumber of a -m stations in everylarge market go well past a milliondollars in annual billings everyyear, these few prosperous fmoperators really don't yet qualifyfm for the "Fortune Maker" title.

Why hasn't fm begun to earnthe big dollars? The percentage ofhomes owning one or more fm re-ceivers is now very high in mostareas, with Philadelphia, Chicago,Washington, D.C. and Columbus,Ohio, among the leaders. Nearlythree-quarters of the homes inthese metropolitan areas containfm radios. Most cities have a greatvariety of programs today, es-pecially musical, on the fm band-in some cases providing a greaterchoice than does a -m. With all thisgoing for it, fm should at least bebeginning to pull the lion's shareof the nationwide radio listeningaudience.

But it isn't! It hasn't pulled anylarge part of the audience awayfrom a -m, except for a few indi-vidual stations which have gainedaudience shares in line with theleading a -m stations. Most of the

Marlin Taylor has been involvedin fm broadcasting for nearly adecade, spending much of thattime helping Philadelphia's WDVRonto the road to financial success.

high-billers are from this lattergroup, but so are some membersof the low-income set. So whatcan the fm -station owners do tocorrect the situation? The averagefm station already runs only one-third to one-half the amount ofcommercial time of its a -m coun-terpart.

Where ratings are the problem,programming may very well playa major role and there are veryfew fmers who couldn't do a betterjob of it. There aren't many mar-kets in this country where thenumber one fm station couldn'tquickly be displaced by a com-petitor who uses a little aggressiveprogramming and promotion. Ifthis is true, then how can an fmstation make a dramatic impactagainst his a -m competition if hecan be knocked out of the box soeasily?

A Long Look

One major thing wrong withfm programming (and some a -mprogramming for that matter), isthat 90 percent of all station man-agers and owners still never stopto take a hard look at what theirstation is broadcasting-not neces-sarily the type of music, but thefiner points such as whether themusic has the right content or pat-tern to satisfy the target audienceand how well the format is beingexecuted. For that matter, is theformat right for the music being

programmed and for the targetaudience? Is the program directoror operations manager given a freehand on programming matters? Ishe qualified to make decisions andjudgments on his own concerningaudience tastes? Then too, thesame person may be operationsmanager, music director, produc-tion manager and the afternoonannouncer. One person just can'thandle all these duties effectivelyand give you a top-notch on -airsound even if he is qualified. Whentime is limited, it's usually themusic programming that gets theshort end of the stick. Can this beallowed to happen if you want togain or hold those rating points?Music is to most stations whatmerchandise is to the retail shop-keeper-the only commodity youhave to sell to listeners and ad-vertisers.

A station must have strong pro-gramming before sales results canbe expected and before you botherspending any promotional money.Strong programming does notmean copying your successful com-petitor's sound and expecting toget the same numbers, unlessyou've come up with a magic for-mula that will make your station500 percent more enjoyable forthe listener. If you go this route,you're fooling no one but yourself,because it just doesn't work thatway. You must first apply com-mon sense to your programmingproblem, and ferret out the niche


where your station can fit into theoverall programming available tothe radio listeners in the market.Then you can set out to fill thatneed in the best possible manner.Only then will you be ready to be-gin selling and promoting yourstation into a high -rated, fortune -making position.

Needed: Good Promotion

The real problem for many sta-tions isn't just programming;what's needed is aggressive, effec-tive promotion followed by a care-fully planned, aggressive and sin-cere sales effort. Promotion can becreated that will do an excellent jobwithout costing a small fortune,especially if you don't have one tospend. If you're sincere and willingto work to put your station on top,you can create methods and gener-ate ideas that fit the funds avail-able.

A couple of years ago, at an fmstation in New England with amonthly promo budget of $13.40,we borrowed an idea Metromedia'sJohn Kluge used in Silver Spring,Maryland, back in 1948. It wasbased on the World War II phrase,"Kilroy Was Here," and provedeffective in creating talk and in-terest in a station very few personshad heard of previously. Thepromo item was a table tentslightly smaller than a folded3 X 5 index card. On the outersides, it said, "A Friend Fromwxwx . . 108 Stereo Fm . . . WasHere." The inside said, "If YouLike . . . " and listed 16 recordingartists we played most often, fol-lowed by "Then You'll Like wxwx. . . 108 Stereo Fm . . . More Music-Less Talk." Everyone on thestaff carried these at all times,dropping them wherever they went.We even sent them to listeners whowrote the station, asking them todrop one at any place they visited.

There's an old standby that hasdone a lot for Philadelphia's WDVRduring its 51/2 years on the air. It'san fm dial card the size of a post-card, listing all the fm stationswithin a 40 -mile radius of the city.This handy card, now being usedby several promotionally -mindedstations in other markets, has itsown special holder which says,

"Fm Dial Card-Take One,"which adds much to the card's ef-fectiveness. These are placed inevery location where fm radios ofany kind are sold. Since this isa useful item to fm receiver ownersand a beneficial sales tool for sel-lers of radios, it is accepted every-where from radio -TV departmentsof department stores to automobileshowrooms. WDVR boasts a distri-bution of 1.5 millions of thesecards since the first printing overfive years ago.

These are just a couple of inex-pensive, yet effective ways of pro-moting an fm audience. There aredozens of others now in use in ourindustry and hundreds, perhapsthousands, more being used byother lines of business that witha little ingenuity and creativethought can be turned into excel-lent pieces for your station. Thelarger your budget, the bigger andbetter job that can be done, be-cause promotional dollars spentwisely and effectively arewasted dollars.

Your Last Promo

When was the last time an finstation in your area did some audi-ence promoting? Did you feel it waswell done and effective? Youranswer will probably tell you whyfm isn't catching up with bigbrother a -m with any great speed.Sure there are lots of promotionalefforts that aren't bad, but theymust carry through to completionor should tie in with other promo-tion to achieve their fullest impact.A radio station, a -m or fm, likeany business, must let its potentialcustomers-in this case the listen-ing public-know that it exists andwhat it has to offer.

In most instances, programmingand promotion play importantroles in determining your station'searning ability. But, without salesand advertising revenues, it's animpossibility, unless you've dis-covered a method the rest of usknow nothing about.

To break $100,000 a year, youneed only $2,000.00 of weekly in-come. Further, $2,000.00 shouldrepresent only 20 advertisersspending $100.00 a week. Except

for possibly the smallest of mar-kets, no business of any size (autodealers, furniture stores, banks,appliance dealers, clothing stores,or moving and storage companies)should be spending less than ahundred dollars a week if it ex-pects results from advertising onyour station. And, you shouldn'tbe pitching less than that amountto these people if you want to keepthem on the air. Even if your audi-ence is small and you can't getmore than $2.50 a commercial,sell them forty spots a week.They'll need this many to get thekind of results they expect andneed to be satisfied.

Results Are Most Important

Remember always that resultsare the game in sales, not ratings,when dealing with local retail ad-vertisers. Sell only those retailmerchants that you can do a goodjob for, and sell them a schedulethat includes enough weekly spotsand runs enough weeks so you'llget results for them. Results foran advertiser mean a renewal.Without renewals you're fighting alosing battle in building your sta-tion into a fortune maker. Thebackbone of every station's clientlist should be twenty, thirty ormore local and regional advertiserswho are with you month aftermonth, year in, year out, spendingfifty, seventy-five, a hundred dol-lars or more a week. These peoplepay the electric bill and the an-nouncers' salaries and keep thesalesman's commissions from dry-ing up. On top of this base youbuild your profits with short runsfor special sales at the departmentstores, the two, four and six -weekflights of national advertisers andbusiness from those seasonal andin -and -out advertisers.

It takes only a little concertedeffort to put your station on theright road. Put some forethoughtand planning into your on -airsound, then tell your target audi-ence in the best way possible thatyou offer what they want to hear,and follow that with an organizedcampaign to sell those businessesthat can benefit the most fromyour listeners. BM/E

52 September, I969-BM/E

Where does Kaiser CATV fit into your CATV plans?Everywhere!

ICAISER

1 Surveys & Estimates - Feasibility studies, reception surveys, strand maps, pole make-ready studies,system layouts and complete estimates so you will know from the beginning whether your proposedsystem is practical not only from a technical but also from an economic standpoint.

2 Turnkey System Construction - Kaiser CATV will assume full responsibility for the installation ofyour complete CATV system, right down to the last bolt. The industry's most knowledgeable per-sonnel will relieve you of every detail, including the red -tape and paperwork required by Federal,state and local laws. When it's completed (on time and within budget) we hand you the key andyou're in business!

3 Engineering Assistance - If you're already in the business, or do not need the complete Turnkeyservice, we can offer a competent staff of construction supervisors and systems engineers to assistyou on a per -job basis. Quotes will be supplied on request.

4 Space -Age Product Technology - The Kaiser CATV Phoenician series of amplifiers is the mostadvanced, most efficient, most copied equipment in the industry today.

5 Research & Development -A continuing program of product design, testing and field study assuresyou of the finest and most economical products available, end -to -end.

6 Quality Control - Kaiser CATV not only conducts exhaustive QC tests on its amplifiers and theseparate modules that go into our products - but we also check-out each individual componentas it's delivered to us - before it is installed in the equipment! Our standards exceed mi itaryspecifications because your profits are geared to reliability of service.

Check the facts! Kaiser CATV has all the pieces for your total CATV needs .. . and they fit togetherperfectly to form a picture of progress and prosperity.

DIVISION OF KAISER AEROSPACE & ELECTRONICS CORPORATIONP. 0. Box 9728, Phoenix, Ariz. 85020, Phone (602) 944-4411

Circle I17 on Reader Service CardSeptember, I 969-BM/E 53

we've uncoveredtwo conrac

coloronitors

witha lot

in common.Conrac ModelRHA 19 - $2700


Both are solid state units withcharacteristic Conrac quality.Both are ideal for their respec-

tive applications. Both aredesigned for the professionalbroadcast engineer. Yet onesells for $1200 and the other$2700. With their covers off you can see why

at a glance. Inside, where it counts, there is a

difference between them of 25 diodes, 113 transis-

tors and 10 circuit boards. That difference is

design refinementwhich makes one a high -quality

professional unit well suited for rigid broadcast -

studio requirements, and the other an excellent

utility monitor for less stringent audience or client -

room use. The two complement each other. It all

depends upon what you want to do. Compare the

photos above. You'll see what we mean.

Conrac ModelKHA 19 - $1200($75 more for 25")

600 No. Rimsdale Ave. Covina, Cal:fornia 91722 (213) 966-3511

September, 969-13M/E


55

all solid state TELEVISION MICROWAVE RELAY LINKS

for high quality color and monochrome TV systems

Use as rack mounted STL

or Remote TV Pick-up

or for Intercity Relay

Meets EIA, CCIR,and FCC standards

Available in allFCC authorized bands

High fidelity color

RECEIVER

Ferrite isolator All Solid State RF Module Key lock switch Removable power supply module Plug in pre/de-emphasis Plug in printed cards Optional audio subcarriers

RHG, a leading supplier of military TV relaylinks, now offers Series MRS to the broadcastindustry. Transmitters and receivers, with ad-vanced field proven designs provide solid statereliability, no warmup, and low power drain.

To improve your color transmission qualityand to insure trouble free operation specifyRHG equipment fully described in Bulletin 69C.Call for "no obligation" demonstration.

L -J C D ( - RHG ELECTRONICS LABORATORY, INC.94 MILBAR BOULEVARDFARMINGDALE, LONG ISLANDNEW YORK 11735 (516) 694-3100

Circle 119 on Reader Service Card56 September, 1969-BM/E

BROADCAST

EQUIPMENT

Transmission test setModel 3550B audio and carrier -frequency test set includes oscil-lator, gain set and impedancematcher and audio voltmeter.Useful for measurement of au-dio levels and proof -of -perform-ance runs. Oscillator output isflat within 0.05 dB from 30 Hzto 300 kHz, and distortion lessthan 0.1% to 200 kHz. Fre-

quency range is 5 Hz to 1.2MHz. Impedance matcher han-dles 135-, 600-, and 900 -ohmcircuits. Voltmeter reads in voltsor dBm, with ranges from -72to +52 dBm, and frequencyrange of 5 Hz to 2 MHz. Port-able, with protective cabinet andhandle. Price $1150. Hewlett-Packard Co.Circle 275 on Reader Service Card

A -V slide sound systemThe latest idea in sync slide/soundequipment, the "Kalavox" unit fitson top of most Kodak Carousel andEktagraphic slide projectors. Kalavoxholds up to 40 tape slide/cassettes,and each of the specially -designed

If

AMR

111111111111 11

ilk rift

cassettes, contains enough tape to,60 seconds of audio. Triggering isvia barely -audible tone on the tape.Systems can slave two additionalCarousel projectors for total capacityof 200 slides with 40 minutes of

audio. Kalavox will sell for about$325 and cassettes for $1 each. TheKalart Co., Inc.Circle 291 on Reader Service Card

Cable connector sleevesPolyethylene sleeves -200 in onerole-protect TV cable connectorsfrom dust, moisture, while letting aircirculate inside enclosure, during

outdoor filming. Sizes range fromeight- to 104n. wide and from 24- to30 -in. long. Protective Plastics Co.,Inc.Circle 276 on Reader Service Card

Stereo mixerStereo attenuator is rated 1/2 W andprovides 75- to 80 -dB isolation be-tween channels. Available in either20 or 30 step unbalanced ladder orpotentiometer circuits. Impedence is600/600 ohms, standard (availablealso according to specification).Size: 2 -1/4 -in. diameter X 1-7/s -in.back panel depth. Shallco, Inc.Circle 287 on Reader Service Card

Remote control systemModel RRC-10T remote controlsystem has 10 metering positions pluscalibration and 20 control functions.Control subcarrier generator and de-tector are included for interfacingwith aural STL's. Routine ma:nte-

nance is accomplished by sliding outa drawer; metering is returned viaa subaudible signal, 22-36 Hz,sinusoidal. This metering is used by

many fm stations to allow meteringreturn on an SCA channel whilesimultaneously programming thisSCA channel; such metering returnsignals are also used by a -m stationsin Docket #17873, RM-320, sub-mitted by the Santa Barbara firm andnow pending before the Commis-sion. Moseley Associates, Inc.Circle 283 on Reader Service Card

Electrostatic headphoneModel ESP -7 self -energized, electro-static headphone offers lighter andless expensive alternative to theoriginal ESP -6 line. Designed to sellfor $79.00, it gives peak -free re-

sponse from 35-13,000 Hz -± 6dB-a frequency response withinhalf -an -octave of the ESP -6. Thenew model also offers fluid -filledear cushions for high ambient noiseisolation. Koss Electronics Inc.Circle 277 on Reader Service Card

`Screen writing deviceThe Telestrator is an electronicdevice which enables writing, draw-ing and diagramming over a livetelevision image. Ideal for news,sports and weather commentators'superimposing moving dotted, dashedand continuous lines in diagrams anddrawings over the image under dis-cussion. Instructional Dynamics Inc.Circle 280 on Reader Service Card

Television cameraThe "Mini -Compact" television cam -

September, 1969--BM/E 57

The FIRSTMajorAdvance inRASTER DISPLAYSSinceThe "50's"

FROM NOW ON . . . OTHERRASTER DISPLAYSARE FORYESTERDAY'S SYSTEMS

A complete kit on Raster Displays isyours for the asking, including: Comparison Chart illustrating unity

interlace, linearity, resolution, stabil-ity, staircase display and adjustableaspect ratio.

Technical Data Sheets on 14" and17" Raster Displays with optional linerates from 525 to 1029.

Reprint of Article on "PrecisionRaster Displays" - An in-depth dis-cussion of state-of-the-art circuitry inHewlett-Packard Displays.

HP Model 6947A

HEWLETT PACKARD

0NOW

100 Locust Avenue, Berkeley Heights, New Jersey 07922 (201) 464-1234

COMMUNICATION INSTRUMENTS

21910

era is a 71/2 -lb monochrome camerathat is applicable especially to CCTVuses. It produces 600 line resolutionand has video and rf outputs. Thesolid-state vidicon camera also has a2:1 interlace. Operable from a 110,117, 220 or 234 volt ac or a 12 voltdc power source. Only camera con-trol is the lens control. $695 withvidicon tube, one -in. Schneider lensand power cord. Philips BroadcastEquipment Corp.Circle 308 on Reader Service Card

High -resolution CCTVsystemSeries 6000 system includes type6100 camera, 6900 control unit, andmicroscope. Camera available withbandwidths of 8, 16 or 32 MHzand vertical resolution (center ofpicture) up to 825 lines. Uses 1 -

inch separate mesh vidicon, horizon-tal scanning rate up to 1225 lines.Control unit may be up to 2000 ft

away from camera. Accessories in-clude focus modulator for improvedcorner resoluation, shading circuitto improve vidicon and lens response;and automatic video -peak for low-

Id-

UD-900UNI-DIRECTIONAL MICROPHONE(with tone control)

SPECIFICATIONS: Cartridge: Impedance: Sensitivity: Frequency Response: Dimensions.

DM 49600 ohms

73db 2db it bar50 to 15000Hz 5db

50mm dia. 250 mm Length

*For further information please write to:

PRIMO COMPANY LTD.Head Office: 25.1, 6-chome, Mare, Mitakashi, Tokyo, Japan Tel 0422-43-3121-7

Cable 'Prarto Masashino Mitalca" Telex: 2822-326 PRIMO MUSChicago Illinois Office: A.P.T. No.204, 530 W. Surf. St, Chicago Illinois 60657,

U.S.A. Tel. 312472;6142 Telex: 25-4225 PRIMO MUS CGOILLUSA

Circle 121 on Reader Service

BUILDINGBLOCKS TOBETTERTV SYSTEMS

Mini -Compact TV Camera at lowcost, high quality0 The Philips Mini -Compact TVCamera combines low cost and sim-plicity with high picture quality 0For dozens of applications in indus-try, education, science, medicine,surveillance, sales, CATV, entertain-ment Automatic operation, onlyexternal control is power/standbyswitch D Built-in light level meter One Philips Parkway, Montvale, NJ 07645 201/ 391-1000

Vidicon tube and lens supplied 0 A NORTH AMERICAN PHILIPS COMPANYCircle 122 on Reader Service Card

Perfect interlaced scanning E1 Si-multaneous Video and RF signal out-puts 0 AC or DC power E] Use withremotely controlled pan/tilt unit forcomplete flexibility Excellent forVTR D For data, contact the inno-vators.

PHILIPS PHILIPS BROADCASTEQUIPMENT CORP.

Circle 120 on Reader Service Card 59

Can your coaxials servehis needs tomorrow?

Comm/Scope ExtendedSpectrum Coaxials give

you room to grow.Start planning for tomorrow, today.Expand your transmission capabili-ties with Comm/Scope ExtendedSpectrum Coaxials.

They give you full coverage to300 MHz and beyond. With no dis-continuities. Which means totalfrequency utilization, top to bottom.

So you get three times the usablefrequencies as with today's stan-dard coaxials. That's a lot of growingroom to take charge of the nextgeneration of profit opportunities.New CATV channels. Data trans-mission. Broader ETV and ITV pro-gramming. Traffic and highwaycontrol networks. More CCTV forindustry.

And there's an Extended Spec-trum Coaxial in the right construc-tion for your requirements. Ex-clusive Alumagard A or Coppergardcables. In aerial or direct burialtypes.

Expand your transmission capa-bilities, starting today. Install Ex-tended Spectrum Coaxials. ByComm/Scope.

For information and prices, write or cal/:

I

COMM/SCOPECORPORATION

P. 0. Box 2406 Hickory, North Carolina 28601Phone 704/328-5271

SUPERIOR CONTINENTAL COMPANY


Comm/Scope Extended Spectrum Coaxialscover the full range of 300 MHz and

beyond with no discontinuities.


light scenes with bright highlights.Price $3500. Cohu Electronics, Inc.Circle 303 on Reader Service Card

Two helical scan VTR'sHelical scan video tape recorder de-signed for color, which uses one -in.tape, is available in two versions-Model 2020 and Model 2000. Bothhave playing time of one hour with2150 ft of tape and weigh 47 lb in-cluding carrying case. The formermodel costs $2335; the latter $1835.Bell & Howell Co.Circle 296 on Reader Service Card

Cable plow attachmentNew vibratory cable plow attach-ment for Model T-200 Pow -RTrencher is available. Designed forservice line work, the Trencher plows

to a 15 -in. depth, 16 -in. width andmay be mounted on either crawlertracks or rubber tires. Hydraulicbackfill blade and boring attachmentsare available. Vermeer Manufactur-ing.Circle 282 on Reader Service Card

Camera/recorderModel 2965 portable video camera/recorder combination called the"Rover" is a monochrome systempriced at $1395. Including F2.0 zoomlens and microphone, the systemweighs 21 lb. The "Rover" operateson either self-contained rechargeablebattery pack or normal ac power;recording time is 20 minutes with a

five in. reel of 1/2 in. video tape.The solid state camera accepts stand-ard C mount lenses and has a built-inelectrical viewfinder. Camera weighs5 lb. Bell & Howell.Circle 292 on Reader Service Card

Mono consoleYard II has 12 inputs, eight mixers,and two utility keys. Program andaudition buses, and muting relays

The Perfect LogSTANCIL-HOFFMAN R-70

24 HR. 4 TRACK RECORDER

Here's a full 24 hour, 4 track logger that's so compact and versatile youcan take it anywhere to handle any assignment with 100% dependabilityor rack mount it in the studio. A remarkable new series of silicon transistorplug-in amplifiers makes the R-70 the most versatile ever-AGC, recall,full remote or automatic control, stereo, fail-safe, synchronous time injection,etc. 4 channels round the clock, complete on just one 7" reel of 1/4" tape.

WRITE NOW FOR SPECIFICATIONS AND PRICES.

STANCIL-HOFFMAN CORP.9 2 1 NORTH HIGHLAND. HOLLY WO CD. CALIFORNIA 90038


BUILDINGBLOCKS TOSOUNDSYSTEMS

11111111111

.. .N.;\

Third -Generation Mixing Desks...compact and flexible, realistic pricing. Philips MD Series Mixing Desksare designed for recording, radio,TV, film and theatre use They haveexceptional operational featureswith outstanding specifications and aprice -to -performance ratio un-matched in the industry Solidstate Flexible, easily -serviced de-sign based on modular systemMaximum of 24 inputs to 12 inputchannels Up to 4 independentoutput channels (for stereo and multi-

track recordings) Current -depen-dent mixing Monitoring andpre -listening provided Optionalequalizer module, with 4 equalizers,switciable to 8 input channelsFor full data, contact the innovators.


One Philips Parkway, Montvale. NJ 07645 201/ 391-1000A NORTH AMERICAN PHILIPS COMPANY



61

It's here.

The only demodulatordesigned specifically for use in

CATV head -end systems.

1[

A new approach toperfect off -the -air color

. . . for only $1275

R 4S PRECISION TELEVISION DEMODULATOR

DYNA-TUNE 43P,

Now you can have high-fidelity off -the -air colorfrom your head -end. Utilizing completely new filter-ing and signal -restoration concepts, the DYNA-TUNEprovides superior adjacent -channel color performancein either microwave -fed or demod-mod systems.These important developments allow the DYNA-TUNE to actually improve the color signal in manycritical areas over that produced by the broadcastRF transmission system.

You can also forget the problems inherent in out-dated tube -type tuners . . . the DYNA-TUNE uses afield-effect front end and the latest in integrated cir-cuits to provide performance and reliability previous-ly unattainable in this type of equipment.

Mail the coupon today for complete informationon this important product.r ----1

DYNAIR Electronics, Inc.6360 Federal BoulevardSan Diego, California 92114Telephone: 1714) 582-9211

Please send me complete information on the R X -4B CATVHead -End Demodulator.

NAME TITLECOMPANY

ADDRESS__CITY STATE ZIP

L J

62



are included. Self-contained exceptfor external power transformer. Fre-quency response is within 1 dB anddistortion less than 0.75% from 30to 15,000 Hz. Hum and noise is

more than 73 dB below normal out-put. Gates Radio Co.Circle 299 on Reader Service Card

TV automation withcrt readoutBasic STEP TV automation systemuses crt readout which displays 16upcoming events. Can be used forstation -break or all -day operation.Display information includes dura-

II:47158 MAMA_ T00;16 Vt 000:20 F200;05 SI TIU00,r0S St A00 82 13 I

12'25'40 HI C reerrom00,06 V2 D

0 FI DILLE.93M

INC00,05 S331 A INC PROM00,01 SO

mTO ID

32,59:45 MI 0 om- ant00:30 vsa00:10 84 r 3310 ACMD00:10 S4 A AOIC

tion or real-time for event, videoand audio sources, machine controlfunctions, special -effects and transi-tion data and identification of event.Insertions or deletions are possibleat any time. Options include real-time programming, all -day programstorage, paper tape or punched cardstorage, magnetic tape storage, com-puter linkage, and hard copy out-put. Basic system price is $30,000.Chrono-Log Corp.Circle 278 on Reader Service Card

Color set/monitorModel JM-897W, 23 -inch (diagonal)color receiver will accept rf or di-rect video and audio as monitor innon -critical studio areas. Priced under$400. RCA Commercial ProductsSales.Circle 279 on Reader Service Card

Gray -scale generatorModel 2909/1 generates staircase,sawtooth, bar and burst signals inseveral combinations. Bars may beswitched manually, remotely or auto-matically from black to white tovary average picture level. Equip-ment is slaved to local sync, colorsubcarrier and burst. Useful for

THE NEW FAIRCHILD LUMITENS Fairchild introduces a complete new line of noiseless attenuatorswith 7 new advantages: 1. Transistorized drives require only minute current to actuate circuit.2. Multi -channel operation with common light sources to al channels guarantees tracking to within1/2 db between channels. 3. 4 channels or more can be driven by a single actuator. 4. Infinite reso-lution from 0-co. 5. Plug-in light source allows instantareous replacement. 6. Improved mechan-ical construction of slide faders' precious metal sliding contacts gives long trouble -free life, offersadjustable feel. 7. Plug-in, remote, and slide -wire models range from one to four channels and aredesigned with ultimate versatility in packaging.Contact your Fairchild Recording Distributor or write FAIRCHILD RECORDING EQUIPMENT CORP-ORATION, Dept. DB-8, 10-40 45th Avenue, Long Island City, New York 11101.Fairchild Lumitens (available in 600 and 150 ohms) Include: 66811 Attenuator, 668 PAN -2 Pan Pot Actuator, 668 ACTRemote Cell Actuator, 668 STII Stereo Attenuator, 668 RSB Remote Stereo Attenuator, 668 MC 4 -channel MasterControl Attenuator card, 668 RAB Remote Attenuator packaged on compact PC card, 692 Dl Single Remote Attenu-ator, 692 D2 Two Independent Attenuators. Slide Wide Fader: SWL600 (600 ohm L pad).


BUILDINGBLOCKS TOSOUNDSYSTEMS

A complete line of Indoor andOutdoor Sound Columns-to beamsound exactly where you want it0 Sound Column's bicone speakerscreate a flat, fan -shaped beam ofsound that can be aimed as requiredwith great accuracy-quality audiois easily distributed even in verynoisy surroundings El Reverbera-tions and echoes are more easilycontrolled or eliminated El Highfidelity audio coverage over the fullfrequency range from 60 Hz. to 18KHz. Fine, rich reproduction of

music Handsome birch or walnutveneer cabinets available I=1 Adjust-able brackets for mounting to wood,masonry, concrete or steel Writefor "Sound Column" applicationsbulletin to the innovators.


One Philips Parkway. Montvale. N.J. 07645 201/ 391-1000A NORTH AMERICAN PHILIPS COMPANY

September, I969-BM/E

Circle 128 on Reader Service Card63

Forany Vidiconcamera youput here...

Canon can put6 rear drive zoomlenses here

And they're all interchangeable . . .

without changing the rear drive con-trols. So you can swap the 4:1 Canonzoom on your Ampex camera with the12:1 Canon on your GBC. Or, if youneed a faster lens, add our 15-120mmf/1.3 (the fastest zoom around) with-out having to replace your controldrive.

Canon gives you the biggest zoomselection, too, in 4X, 5X, 6X, 8X, 10Xand 12X ratios. All available manuallyoperated, with interchangeable rearrod or cable drive, or with poweredremote control of focus, zoom andiris. (There's even an automatic irisversion of our 25-100mm remote lens.)

Need zooms for Plumbicons orImage Orthicons? We have them, too.Plus fixed focal length lenses forevery "C" mount application. All withthe optical precision for which Canonis famous. Write for full information.

The lens you need is made by

Canon1

Canon U.S.A., Inc. 64-10 Queens Boulevard I

Woodside, N. Y. 11377Please send information on 0 manualzooms, remote -control zooms, 0 fixedfocal length lenses for 0 Vidicon,0 Image Orthicon, 0 Plumbicon TVcameras.

Name

Title

Company

Address

City State Zip

checking video transmission levelsand system gamma. Marconi Instru-ments.Circle 281 on Reader Service Card

CATV auto switcherModel 1619 automatic programswitcher provides switching informa-tion at half-hour intervals for 18 -hour program day, and seven-dayperiod. System includes one model

.1411.111.1.1.1111..14.14.14111411111.11.1.11,1111.11111111M1t11611014111WROPS1111,1ire.....$111111.11119111.4.14.1044INIuwmanomustreasmirsmarrstnirt

4141_

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***** 11.44.4411411,601.411***4111.111141111i Int et...11.4.11.111414...41.1611111111*. ******* 14. *****

44161.0.114 4441441,0No.

ramp

- .44sit.

1619A time base and two programboards, 1619B and 1619C. 1619Bis used for first channel requiringnonduplication protection; each suc-ceeding channel, (up to six), ishandled by 1619C. Unit will operatecontinuously for one month onstandby power (9 -volt transistor -radio batteries). Rack or wall mount.Price: $1195 for time base, $350for first program board, $300 foreach succeeding board. Essex Inter-national, Inc., Controls Div.Circle 284 on Reader Service Card

Color VTRModel VP -4900C color videotapeplayer handles one -inch color or b -wtape in helical mode. Video band-width is 4.2 MHz, b -w horizontalresolution, 350 lines. Video s/ n ratio.

43 dB. Rewind and fast -forwardtime for one -hour reel is 4 minutes.Maximum playing time, one hour.Price $1950. Ampex Corp.Circle 285 on Reader Service Card

Portable studio lightingPorta Studio is a portable lightingkit consisting of grid, housing, lamps,and cables. Grid poles are spring

Slayup-AUTOMATE

... WITHMINI- MATE

Station profit-ability depends ontight programming.

MINI -MATE lets your stationstay "up -tight" while it takes thepressure off your personnel . . .

allowing for smoother, more effi-cient programming. The new"mini -mate" automation systemby Ampro lets you mix -and -match men to machines to meetyour own specific station needs,thereby eliminating loss of evenone second of precious air time.

The automated MINI -MATEmulticartridge tape player pro-vides you with programmed auto-matic sequencing. And, at thesame time, it permits FULLMANUAL OPERATOR CON-TROL . . . another new productfrom the innovators.

InstotapeA DIVISION OF AMPRO CORP.

ONE LIMEKILN PIKE, GLENSIDE, PA.(215) 886-1414

ASK ABOUT OUR LINE OF: Single andMulticartridge Equipment Logger PrinterSystem Automation Systems CartridgeDuplicator Sound Effects SystemAudio/Slide Projector

Circle 129 on Reader Service Card Circle 130 on Reader Service Card64 September, 1969-BM/E

WTEV-6 turned a move to local color newsinto an overnight success."Let me talk to any station thatthinks it cant go into the KodakME -4 Process," says Lee Tanner,Assistant Operations Manager andChief Engineer for the Providence/New Bedford station. "We boughtone of the new smaller processorsnow on the market. In one night wemoved o, r old B&W processor out,piece by piece, and replaced it withour color machine. We were B&Wone day, and full color the next. Itwas spectacular.

"The Kodak people were fantas-tic. A Sales and Engineering Repre-sentative was up all night to mix thefirst batci of chemistry. We ran teststrips the next day and were righton target.

"Now we're processing an aver-age of 900 feet of color film daily-

not only for local news, but alsocommercials for our advertisers.The ME -4 Process is so simple .

let me put it this way: We hired asmart young man to run the ma-chine. He had no experience withcolor processing. The packagedchemistry made it so easy that hecould now go anywhere and talkcompetently about ME -4 processingof Kodak Ektachrome

"Listen, I'm sold 100% on theME -4 Process. I can talk about it allday if you want."

That's it. New, smaller, less expen-sive p-ocessors. Packaged chemis-try. All the Kodak assistance youneed. Talk with a Kodak RegioralChief Engineer. He'll show you howto go full color with an ME -4 pack-age just right for your station. InNew York, call Ray Wulf; Chicago,Dick Potter; Hollywood. John Warier.Get moving.

EASTMAN KODAK COMPANYATLANTA: 404 351-6510, CHICAGO 312 651-0200,DALLAS:. 214 FL 13221. HOLLYWOOD: 213 464-6131.NEW YCRK: 212 MU 7-7080, SAN FRANCIS:0:415'7766055.

\11177'no credibilityI -I " me 1 1111

. - ::r IINE

FIRST VIDEO SWITCHERTO USE DIGITAL

COMPUTER TECHNIQUES

gapin a Vital

VERTICALINTERVAL

SWITCHER

it keeps performing and outperforming

The Vital VIX-108 vertical interval switching system uses the latest state of the art electronics and isproduction -oriented in design. All electronic components such as effects, mixers, delays, proc. amps.,etc. are designed and manufactured by Vital Industries, Inc. for total system responsibility. We custom -build a switching system to reflect your station's personality rather than govern your production expres-sions by the limitation of the equipment.

FEATURES:

Extensive use of integrated circuits with solid statecross points for long term stable performance.

Unique electronic packaging uses minimum coax inter-connections for any size system. Typical system cross-talk 60 DB down at 3.58 MHz.

Production oriented design with automatic sync andclamping on all inputs for bounce -free switching ofvideo with varying luminance levels.

True composite additive/non-additive mixer with auto-matic inhibit of non -synchronous dissolves.

Fade network color to network black burst with auto-matic inhibit.

GOOD ENGINEERING IS VITAL

Fade to monochrome, maintain color burst or chooseto drop color burst. Only one reshaped burst and con-stant level sync during all dissolves.

Custom built production or routing switching with thelatest state of the art accessories designed as an in-tegrated system are all furnished by Vital Industries, Inc.

OTHER VITAL PRODUCTS:

VSE-2000 Special Effects VI-750-VI-1000 Video Proc. Amp. with

automated features. VI -500 Stab. Amp. with AGC. VSG-100 Digital Sync. Generator. Video and pulse distribution equipment.

Selecting the right switcher is Vital

Call or write for systems engineering ideas and services

VITAL INDUSTRIES, INC. 3614 SOUTHWEST ARCHER ROADGAINESVIL-L-E. FLORIDA 32601 - PHONE (9041 376-1561

Circle 1::1 on Reader Service Card

66 September. I969-BM/E

loaded, not bolted to floor or ceiling.Lamps are tungsten -halogen quartz,and may be powered from existingwall ac circuits. Berkey-ColorTran,Inc.Circle 286 on Reader Service Card

Illumination meterSpectra TV Snooper measures sceneillumination in footcandles, is use-

ful for specifying and setting upCCTV systems. Unit consists oflight meter with lens mount on frontof photocell. Full-scale ranges from1 to 100 footcandles. Price $389.Photo Research, Div. KillmorgenCorp.Circle 289 on Reader Service Card

Age amplifierSolid Statesman agc amplifier is

engineered for wide range of controland adjustable attack/recovery timeto insure greatest flexibility in pro-gramming. Close balance of its "dif-ferential amplifier" used as a gain-controling device is key to its widercontrol range, lower distortion andrapid attack time. New feature isselectable attack recovery time. Frontpanel controls permit engineer todisable both expansion and com-pression functions separately forproof -of -performance tests. Three in.of standard rack space are requiredfor the amplifier. Gates Radio Co.Circle 309 on Reader Service Card

Fresnel spotlight seriesSeven spotlights for single -endedtungsten halogen lamps: 16 x 12(5000W), 12 x 9 (2000W), 8 x 5(1000/2000W), 8 x 8 (1000W), 6 x4 and 6 x 3-7/16 (500/750W), and

t

We're very closeto a lot of famous people.

This close. And even closer. To theRock-ers and the Bach-ers. To thestring sections and the swing sections.

Because Neumann's U-87 is madethat way. It's the only condensermicrophone designed to work up -closewithout distortion. And with absolutefidelity.

It has three -directional patterns.An overload protection, switch. Baseroll -off switch. And, of course, it hasthe distinguished Neumann insignia onthe front-the world-famous standardof excellence.

The U-87 also has one dis-advantage: We've had reports of lipstick onthe grille, because performers can get so close to it.

If you can put up with that, we promise you the greatest separationand presence ever.

Cost: $336, including cable and mount, and then you're ready to com-pare the U-87 with any micro-phones you've ever used. You'llsee, they don't even come close.

Write today for our free brochure.

GOTH Ad:18,1N10.1AUDIO CORPORATION

2 West 46th Street. New York. N Y. 10036 (212) CO 5 41111710 N. La8rea Ave.,Hollywood.Ca 90046 (213)874 4444

In Canada: J Mar Electronics ltd.

Batteries, Modulationand

the Phantom -The transistor has emancipated con-denser microphones from bulky powersupplies ... almost! It is true that bothvoltage and current needed for today'stransistor condenser microphones haveshrunk considerably; and with it, thesize, weight and price of the box onyour studio floor.

There are now basically two power-ing categories: AC power supplies andbatteries. I'd like to discard the idea ofbattery power in fixed professional stu-dio locations. They are simply toounreliable, unpredictable and untrust-worthy. That leaves us with AC pow-ered supplies, and there we find threebasic systems: A -B Powering in whichthe DC voltage (usually under 14 V) isapplied directly to the two modulationleads; multiplex powering in which theDC voltage (under 12 V) is applied tothe modulation center tap; and Phan-tom" Powering, applying 48 Volts DCo the modulation center tap.

Now, the details:1. A -B Powering renders the micro-phone output circuit poorly balanced,while outlets so equipped cannot bereadily used for any other kind of mi-crophone. Aside from that a DC/DCconverter (oscillator) must be used toobtai i the 50 V or so needed for polari-zation. High power drain.

2. Multiplex Powering solves the prob-lem of circuit balance, but still requiresa power consuming DC/DC converter,draws 5 mA of current through thecable shield (poor practice) and causesprob ems in isolation between micro-.phone outlets.

3. ONLY NEUMANN offers PHAN-TOM" Powering! Again perfect cir-cuit balance; 48 V supply requiring NODC/DC converter (only one transistorin each microphone); 0.4 mA powerdrain per unit; high circuit isolation;total compatibility with any other mi-crophone; and central powering for upto 40 microphones from a miniaturesupply costing only $84.

Why, then, aren't all manufacturersgoing to Phantom' powering? Someentered the field before this system wasdeveloped and now have a group ofcustomers who don't want to change.Others followed the politically -moti-vated, half-hearted decisions of stand-ard setting administrative engineers.Only NEUMANN was free to choosebecause as always NEUMANN is last...but best.

Stephen F. TemmerPresident

Gotham Audio Corporation

P.S. NEUMANN also makes anA -B powered microphone series athigher cost, if you "standardized" tooearly.




67

Above, ICM Model 620-14 audiocontrc I system at WEZK-FM,Knoxville, Tenn.

Left, cha Iging settings on pe; clock insystem's network switcher.

Want a specialized computer for audiocontrol? Get an IGM 600 system"

WEZK-FM, Knoxville, Tenn. chose a Model 600 IGM control system to realize allbenefits of automation presently attainable, including the flexibility to handle anytype of format, now and in the future.

What WEZK's 600 system delivers: (1) 14 program channels; (2) control by punchedcads, with a reusable, revisable "deck" for each day; (3) instant changeability rightup to air time; (4) flexibility to accommodate any conceivable format, an entire day,each hour different-now or later; (5) random access to all sources; (6) full automa-tion or any degree of live participation desired; (7) maximum reliability and ease ofmaintenance; (8) accurate, verified FCC log, typed automatically as each feature isaired; (9) tie-in with punch -card traffic and accounting functions, including generalpurpose computers.

If you're looking for state-of-the-art automation for your station, with completefreedom of programming and ease of operation, see the IGM 600 system. Write orcall International Good Music, P.O. Box 943, Bellingham, Wash. 98225. Telephone(206) 733-4567.

IGM audio -video controls

autAutomatic switchingand monitoring ofmulti -channel ETVbroadcasting; non -duplicating CATVswitchers.

IGM taped music servicesContemporary Is clas-sical, announced orunannounced. World'slargest, highest -qualitytaped music service forradio.

"Tomorrow's engineering today"

IGMCircle 134 on Reader Service Card

68September, 196?-BM/E

3 x 2 IA (150/250W). External focusslide allows smooth transition fromspot to flood mode, or any settingin between. Century Lighting, Inc.Circle 288 on Reader Service Card

Color cam head andpedestalAble to accomodate any color -TVcamera, new cam head has extremetilt capability and sensitive dragcontrols. New camera -lock device

complements standard V -wedgemount. Pneumatic pedestal shown,lightweight remote style available.Price $950 (cam head), $2850(pneumatic pedestal). TelevisionEquipment Associates.Circle 290 on Reader Service Card

ExtremelylensType R7 lenswith 94° fieldfield covered is

wide-angle

is 7.5 mm, f/ 1.9,angle. At three ft,3'4" x 4'8". Overall

length is 3.7 in, diameter is 3 in.Weight 14 oz, with fixed focus "C"mount. Angenieux Corp. of America.Circle 294 on Reader Service Card

Piezoelectric mikeModel 4117 is one inch in diameter,has response from 3 Hz to 10 kHz,and dynamic range to 140 dB SPL;

SafeDriver

NEW SOLID-STATE F M "DRIVER" PUTSSTEREO, MONO AND SCA CONTROL AT

YOUR FINGERTIPS

Even old amplifiers get a fresh, clean start withthe Granger Model 660 FM Exciter. The 5 to 12watts output offers plenty of driving power togive FM'ers a new sound.

The WA Exciter's direct -FM system assures thecleanest possible signal, and stereo separation is35 db or better from 50 Hz to 15 kHz. Compactplug-in modules for mono, stereo and SCA usereliable integrated circuits and are completely solidstate. Built-in meters and test probe let you makeon -the -air checks for easy, routine maintenance.A built-in load fault protection system keeps theRF amplifiers safe from short or open circuits.

There's more to tell. Write for information...and drive safely with the Granger (Bauer) 660FM Exciter.

/BAUERBROADCAST PRODUCTS

1601 California Ave., Palo Alto, California 94306



DUAL CHANNELPERFORMANCE...

at single channel priceCollins' new 212V-1 Aucio Conso e, with its 8 mixes and2 metered pr.:1gram channels, increases a stEtion'scapability fo- high fidelity AM and FM, TV broadcasting,a -c program control.--ough pried at only $2600, the new unit carries C:ollins--eoutation fcr quality, design, performance and styl ig41SO the 212V-1 is easily maintained. A hinged froni pane

is forward, allowing easy visual inspection or remcval,DzEI compo-ents.= nd out how Collins' 212V-1 Audo Conso e lets yoicornDine economy with solid-state reliability. Contact aCc, ins representative or write Broadcast CommunicationDivision, Col ins Radio Company, Dallas, Texas 75237.

COMMUNICATIOU;COMFLITATION CONF=OL

You might want toknow cancer's sevenwarning signals.So if you spot one,you'll get the message.

And the message is this-seeyour doctor. Fast. These are thesignals to watch for:1. Unusual bleeding or discharge.2. A lump or thickening in the breastor elsewhere. 3. A sore that doesnot heal. 4. Change in bowel orbladder habits. 5. Hoarseness orcough. 6. Indigestion or difficulty inswallowing. 7. Change in thesize or color of a wart or mole.If you see one of these signals formore than two weeks, remember themessage: see your doctor.

americancancersocietyTHIS SPACE CONTRIBUTED By THE PU1.114ER

STL Tapes

easure Up!

STL ' test tapes are top quality,full -track alignment tapes for playbackequalization adjustment and accuratephase reference. They measure up tofinest standards!These quality 1/4" test tapes are avail-able in three speeds -3.75, 7.5, or 15ips at $21.00 each. Shipped same dayorder received.FOR A SOUND BUY, MAKE TABER

YOUR TAPE HEADQUARTERS!

Call or Write TA B E RMANUFACTURING AND

ENGINEERING COMPANY

OAKLAND INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT, P 0 BOX 2365OAKLAND, CALIF. 94614 Telephone (415, 635


microphone has high capacitance,permitting use with wide variety ofamplifier input impedances. Mountsin small space, and has front-endequalization for installation flushwith ducts or walls. B & K Instru-ments, Inc.Circle 293 on Reader Service Card

Multi -purpose camerachainCamera head accomodates one -inchor 30 -mm vidicon or Plumbiconpickup tubes, at user's option. Scanrate is also optional: 525/60=625/50 switchable; or 735/60=875/50 switchable. Intercom is pro-

vided between camera head andcontrol unit, which is available ineither cabinet or rack mount. Otheroptions include viewfinder, pan/tilthead and zoom lens. Power supplymay be 100, 117, 220, or 234 Vac.Suitable for broadcast, CCTV andCATV. Basic price of $3220 includesPlumbicon tube and rack -mountedcontrol unit. Philips BroadcastEquipment Corp.Circle 295 on Reader Service Card

Impedance adapterModel 11138A impedance adapter-a new accessory for the 675Ar 676Anetwork analyzer-makes it possibleto determine on a swept -frequencybasis, between 10 kHz and 32 MHz,the magnitude and phase of antennasand cable networks, filter and ampli-fier inputs, outputs, or of any two -terminal devices. A twin -channeldevice, the adapter accepts rf drive

z

00

0

or

O

2O

V)U./

0-

Circle

O

138 on

-J0

0Loo)

Reader Service Card

Cal

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a)

00COry

Circle 136 on Reader Service Card 71

What's the futureofyourpresentcommunicationsystem? Take thisquick quiz and see.

1. Does your present communication system permit you to break off in any directionat any amplifier station? Yes El No 2. Does your present system present tower-

ing targets for vandals? [j] Yes EJ No 3. Does your present system give youprotection against electrical and atmospheric disturbances? Yes No

4. Does your system require little maintenance? [1] Yes No 5. Does yourpresent system permit installation when and where you want without

waiting for frequency assignments? Yes El No 6. Does your pres-ent system give you up to 15 MHz bandwidth for transmitting up

to 2700 voice or data channels per pair of conductors? YesEl No 7. Does your present system maintain signal purity and

strength, even at extreme -distance (20 miles) repeaterspacings? ID Yes No

Here's what it's all about:Typical 4 -tube balloonconstruction with additionalcontrol pairs. Configurations of 2,6, 8, 10, 12 or 20 tubes, with orwithout additional pairs, are alsoavailable.

Be honest, now. If you answer was "no" to two or more of thesequestions, you should investigate Comm/Scope Direct Burial

Multi -Tube Balloon Coaxial Cable. If your answer was"yes" to all of these questions, you're already using it.

Lucky.For information and prices, write or cal/:

COMM/SCOPECORPORATION

P. 0. Box 2406 Hickory, North Carolina 28601Phone 704/328-5271

A SUPERIOR CONTINENTAL COMPANY

72


September, I969-BM/E

ouneverhealeit.So good

SO SAYSlaneOVENED

SACRAMENTO'SLEADING FM STATION

"Before, we had signal, now, wehave signal and sock! Jampro'snew circular polarized FMantenna has given us terrificlistenership increases. Formerlyweak signal areas have becomegood and solid. The best part ofall is the entire change -over toJampro circular polarization wasrelatively inexpensive. In fact,it's already paying for itself. Ourperformance surveys proves it,and so does the last PULSE."

Dean Cull, Station Manager

PROVE IT TO YOURSELFCall or write Jampro for completeinformation and details.

JIA1m1PIRI0ANTENNA COMPANY

A DIVISION OF COMPUTER EQUIPMENT CORP

6939 Power Inn RoadSacramento, California 95828


from the signal generator and splitsit into two channels, converting rfvoltage in each channel to a con-stant -level rf current and applyingthis current to the device under test.$175.00. Hewlett-Packard.Circle 298 on Reader Service Card

CATV fault analyzerModel 4920A coaxial fault analyzeris a portable device that locatesfaults in 75 ohm coaxial systems.Information is provided about thenature of the fault, position andmagnitude; it determines impedancecharacteristics and checks for de-fective in -line taps which cause im-pedance discontinuities. Two pulsemodes are available: Step Mode, witha 1.3 nanosecond system risetimeand Impulse Mode where the stepis differentiated to eliminate lowfrequency resonances. Weight is lessthan 25 lb. $1825. Hewlett-Packard.Circle 297 on Reader Sevice Card

NEW

LITFor copies of these literature offer-ings, circle numbers for appropriateitems on Reader Service Card.

A 16mm color sound movie de-scribing how its facsimile recordershelp WTVT-Tv, Tampa, Fla., withweather service broadcasting isavailable on a loan basis for privateshowings. Alden Electronic & Im-pulse Recording Equipment Co.,Inc., Alden Research Center, West-boro, Mass. 01581.

Helical scan VR-660C portable colorvideotape recorder for closed circuitTV production and monochromebroadcasting is described in brochurefrom Ampex Corp. 208

Video disc file system that stores upto 600 separate images on a 16 -in.disc (209), 7200 series disc memorysystem (210) and video disc recorder(211) are delineated in data sheetsfrom Data Disc, Inc.

Antenna catalog 26 now availablefrom Andrew Corp., includes in 96pages antennas, transmission lineand accessories for broadcast andcommercial applications. 204

Connectors, hardware, sockets arecontents of 18 -page catalog GL -2from Amphenol Distributor Div.Photos, specs and drawings are pro-vided for each example. Sections listtube and relay sockets, test jacks,microphone connectors, ac plugs and

Circle 141 on Reader Service Ca rd 4

NEW! Miniature color cable -connector

How To Keep"The Best Show

on the Air"on the Air.

Team up with Boston Insulated Wire andCable Company. From BIW you can get . . .

TV CABLE AND CONNECTORS OF PROVENPERFORMANCE AND COMPLETE ENGINEER-ING SERVICES. T V Cables, broadcast, closed circuit T V Connectors Camera Adaptors adapt any camera to

any color cable Precision Coaxials Specialty Products Custom Cables, patch panels, junction

boxes, metal cable reels, termination andrepair service

Creative Engineering for your special appli-cation or prototype.

Write -Wire -Phone . . .

Boston Insulated Wire& Cable Co.

(1311A,

64 Bay Street, Dorchester, Mass. 02125141 Nevada St., El Segundo, Calif. 90245

118 Shaw St., Hamilton, Ont.Kingston-upon-Thames, U.K.

GEDEBIW, S.A. - Clichy, France

receptacles, coaxial connectors andswitches. 206

Vsfi: oked AE

\\ s3\-\ \la\jek \°es \ -anded band

colorvueWcp

A k,m1.<\Y\e,

KO mebake?) \a,"1%

ard Extender1\00.\\*Os

you May be

cheatingyoutse0

M\ti 1

Whale co

we do

\cY you'?

CATV DIVISION

C-102

AMERICAN ELECTRONIC LABORATORIES, INC.P.O. Box 552, Lansdale, Pa. 19446 PHONE: 215/822-2929 TWX: 510/661-4976


Low -noise audio tape for recordingand other critical applications is sub-ject of brochure T-343 from AmpexCorp. 207

Wire and cable catalog, 36 pages, hasjust been revised by Garrett Elec-tronics and Cable Co. 200

Broadcast television switching andcontrol systems are described in bul-letin V240 from Ampex Corp. 201

Base and mobile two-way radio gearis covered in 26 -page brochure fromMotorola Communications & Elec-tronics, Inc. 202

CCTV video tape recorders, applica-tions and features, detailed in four -page brochure VTR -620 from Con-cord Communications Systems. 203

Frequency instrumentation (synthe-sizers, multipliers, dividers, stand-ards, crystal oscillators and ovens)is described in 10 -page catalog 094-005173 from Hallicrafters Co. 205

NAMESIN THE NEWS

Albert P. Fredette, manager of Al-bany Medical College radio stationWAMC-FM, has been elected presidentof Eastern Educational Radio Net-work (EERN).

The new vice president -general man-ager of Ampex Magnetic Tape Divi-sion is John L. Porter, formerlycorporate comptroller.

Ernie Crisp, manager of the WFBMStations Production Center, has be-come president of the National PressPhotographers Association. He wasalso awarded the group's Award ofMerit.

William E. Osterhaus was namedgeneral manager of KPIX (TV) in SanFrancisco. He succeeds Richard H.Harris, who becomes president ofRadio Advertising Representatives inNew York. Both are Group W sub-sidiaries.

New engineering manager atWKBF-TV Cleveland is N. WilliamFaun.

Leon A. Wortman has been ap-pointed vice president marketing forSchafer Electronics.

J. A. Leonard has been promoted tomarketing administration manager ofthe Audio -Video Systems Division ofPhilips Broadcast Equipment Corp.

74 September, 1969-8M/E

THE TAPE-ATHON

5000 SYSTEM

IS DESIGNED AND

PRICED TO GET ANY

STATION INTO

SOPHISTICATED

AUDIO AUTOMATION

By incorporating a "building block" engi-neering concept and using high quality massproduced equipment, Tape-Athon can de-liver a sophisticated audio automation sys-tem for V3 less than comparable units.Starting with standard "Carousel" cartridgedecks (from one to eight per system) we addour own tape transports (up to 9 if youlike) and our logger/recorder (optional).The Tape-Athon master timing control andsolid-state intersperser permit a wide rangeof music sequencing.

...==1111MIINISIIS.

The ultimate in programming of course isprovided by one or more of these switch-boards which allow an infinite variety ofmusic/ announcement ratios and timing.

Before you invest in any system, contactyour Tape-Athon rep or write for our 5000System brochure giving complete details.

Top-Atittut ,etcy.502 S. Isis, Inglewood, Calif. 90301

Tel: (213) 776-6933




How to showthe best profit picturein town.

Get theVHF transmitterwith the best specsin the world.

Color is the medium that sells-and pays-and thenew Maxim -Air can make the most of it!

The solid-state Maxim -Air TT-30FL is twice as goodas the transmitter you're now using. It can help youattract more sponsors by providing you with a promot-able difference they can see and appreciate-the best and most stable color signals in town!

What's more, you can forget about having to makerebates or make-up commercials. Maxim -Air not onlyoffers you 100% better specs (and performance) thanany other VHF made-but 100% redundancy as well!That's right, there are two of them (15 -KW each).

THE NEW MAXIM -AIR TT-30FL 30 -KW

You car forget about black -outs seconds before atouchdcwn, or smack in the middle of a $1 J,000commercial. If anything ever goes wrong with one15 -KW, the other one takes over-instantly, auto-mattcaltyi The odds against going off the al- withMaxim -Air are virtua ly

For a better profit picture put a better picture onthe home TV. Color r. Maxim -Air!

For tf-e complete Maxim -Air story, call ycui localRCA Broadcast Rer resentEtive or write: FCABroadcast Equipmeit, Building 15-5, Camden,New Je-sey 08102.

RCA...Totally Responsive

1>AkTA=MATI.NCUTS AUTOMATION COSTS AND CONFUSION

.726AUTOMATIC

PROGRAM

CONTROLLER

CONTROLS PROGRAMMING AUTOMATICALLY FOR UP TO TWENTY-FOUR HOURS

Until now, broadcasters have faced confusion,frustration, disappointment and even disillu-sionment in the choice of available automationequipment. SPARTA leaves all that behind andtakes a giant step ahead with SPARTA-MATION!This simple and flexible approach takes thecomplicated electronics out of automation foryears of service at a fraction of the cost ofother systems!

IF YOUR STATION IS ALREADY AUTOMATED,the "726" will provide just the ircreased sourcecapability you need. Let SPARTA show youhow easily your existing cartridge and reel-to-reel equipment can be plugged -in to theSPARTA-MATION Automatic Program Control-ler to save you even more. For the latest wordin automation call or write SPARTA today!

' l*As.kTACvELECTRONIC CORPORATION

51351 FLORIN-PERKINS ROAD SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA 9962E3 916' 383-5353

.,rclle 145 on Reader Service Card


Moss-

Dear BM/E:In your June issue, Ernest Clay

calls for a "sane" CATV policygrounded on facts. Mr. Clay uses a"quickie" tabulation of the Novem-ber 1968 ARB sample for San DiegoCounty and another tabulation forTuscaloosa County, Alabama. Pre-sumably, this latter was also a"quickie" though he doesn't say so.

The data relied upon by Mr. Claysimply will not support his conclu-sions. Indeed, Mr. Clay's and otherreadily available data convincinglydemonstrate that CATV distant sig-nal importation seriously fragmentsthe audiences of local stations,whether vhf or uhf, whether affil-iated or independent, even whensame -day nonduplication treatmentis accorded the local stations.

The Galax, Virginia data purportto show overall TV usage of 40.9percent in non-CATV homes and60.6 percent in CATV homes duringa noon -to -10:00 p.m. Monday -through -Friday period in January,1968. Mr. Clay interprets the SanDiego and Bakersfield data as show-ing higher HUT figures for CATVhomes in prime time but he sees no"great difference between CATV andnon-CATV viewing levels in theafternoon and early evening timeperiods."

Some of the data cited in Mr.Clay's article show that distant signaloperations very substantially reducethe audiences local stations mightotherwise expect to receive. TheARB "breakouts" of the San Diegoand Bakersfield market reports forNovember, 1967, as Mr. Clay notes,show substantially less viewing oflocal stations in CATV homes despitethe fact that total viewing (both localand distant stations) is higher inCATV homes. A similar breakout ofthe ARB Bakersfield market reportfor November, 1968, of which Mr.Clay was apparently unware, con-firms the results of the earlier data.

The audience fragmentation whichthe local station suffers concerningits non -network programming is aparticularly serious matter. Fr e-quently, an affiliate's non -networkprogramming accounts for 50 per-cent or more of the station's totalrevenues.

Mr. Clay is also wrong in assum-ing that the audience fragmentationexperienced by local affiliates in thepnme time, when network program-ming takes up a large proportion ofthe total offerings, is due simply tothe failure of CATV systems to corn -

ply with the nonduplication rulesexcept as to one CBS affiliate in SanDiego.

Mr. Clay seeks to perpetuate thenow largely discredited myth thatCATV operations-even when dis-tant signals are imported-benefitlocal uhf stations in intermixed mar-kets. One would suppose that thesophisticated uhf operators in Phil-adelphia, Cleveland, San Diego, To-ledo and many other intermixedmarkets (if there were anything toMr. Clay's theory) would have "seenthe light" by now and would havestopped opposing the importation ofdistant stations.

In any event, Mr. Clay's data do

not support his theory. The idea thatCATV carriage is, in Mr. Clay'swords. "the best or possibly the onlyway that the uhf station can achievetechnical parity with vhf stations"falls flat when one considers thegreat strides uhf stations are makingin intermixed markets withoutCATV's "help." This is the kind of"help" dispensed by mercy killers.

Roy W. EasleyAssistant Executive DirectorAssn. of Maximum Service

Telecasters, Inc.Washington, D.C.

Delighted to hear you liked the arti-cle.

TheProfessional

Color CameraAlignment System

TELE-PAT IV -BTest Pattern Illuminators and Precision Test Slides

Nearly 200 Tele-Pat IV -B Systemsare presently being used by all 3

networks and camera manufacturersto provide a consistant referencefor color camera set-up and perform-ance control to industry standards. Permits easy and rapid alignment

of studio color cameras becauseof TELE-PAT's mobility.

Facilitates immediate camera set-up reference.

Provides uniformity between mul-tiple camera set-ups.

Positive illumination uniformityacross the face of the slide!

Accurate color temperature con-sistancy - calibrated to NBSstandard!

Full field calibration of light out-put and color temperature!

Unique quartz light, reflector anddiffuser sub -system shows littleor no ageing effects to both out-put and color temperature!

Rear view of TELE-PAT IV -Bshowing controls for colortemperature calibration.

Side view of TELE-PAT IV -Bwith service panel removedexposing quartz light, re-flector and diffuser sub-system.

TELE-MEASUREMENTS, INC.145 Main Ave., Clifton, N. J. 07014(201) 473-8822; (212) 581-9020

Broadcast Distributor: Television Equipment Associates

September, 1969-BM/ECircle 146 on Reader Service Card

79

Lens ProfilerContinued from page 49

and speeds up to f/1.8. A set of adapters permitsthe meter to accommodate all commonly -usedlens mounts, including C -mount, Leica, Mitcheland others, and assures the proper seat of thelens in relation to the zoom lens image of the targetin the focal plane of the lens under test.

Automatic Measurements

Once the meter has been zeroed for the lensunder test, measurements are automatic and re-quire only the push of a button to provide aprinted graph showing the percent modulationtransfer at each spatial frequency over the range.The system automatically produces curves for thelens. Complete performance data for a fixed focallength lens are obtained from a series of nine ofthese curves. For an 1/2 lens, for example, curvestaken at f/2, f/4 and f/8 on axis and at two posi-tions off axis will provide all necessary evaluationdata. For a zoom lens, a series of 27 curves is used.

For the broadcaster who makes substantialinvestments in camera equipment, the MTF Meterthus offers a simple means of evaluating lenspurchases against manufacturer's specifications. Italso makes possible periodic equipment checks forpossible damage, and can be used as a calibration

standard after repair. The measurements also pro-vide a library of data for predicting the suitabilityof each lens in the lens bank for particular shoot-ing assignments.

For those stations that want to evaluate theircamera lenses but are unable to justify purchaseof the meter for only occasional use, Zoomar hasset up a testing service, using the MTF meter.Through this service, any station can have itscamera lenses tested on either a single -project orcontract basis. Service users receive a completeset of MTF curves for the lens tested along withinterpretations of the data by Zoomar engineers.The cost: $150 for a fixed -focal -length lens and$375 for a zoom lens.

Military and other government agencies arenow requiring MTF data as documentation oflens performance under the terms of their pro-curement contracts. With the availability of thissimple meter, it is now practical for lens andcamera manufacturers to supply such data to pur-chasers who want it. For the TV station, it maysoon be possible to buy lenses with accompanyingperformance curves that remove any guessworkabout capability-making it a simple matter to getthe best picture possible. BM/E

SERVOPAK SYSTEMS. offer unique flexibility and performance in Servo Controlled lens systems

. Any Camera Most Lenses:TTH

ANGENIEUXSCHNEIDERCANONFUJI

FROM SERVO TO MECHANICAL IN MINUTES

As an alternative to the integrated system design, theServopak Control System provides precisely the samefacilities with very significant advantages. Even if yourlenses outnumber your cameras, only the cameras needto be equipped with Servopak. The zoom lens and servosystem can be serviced separately. Servopak units maybe easily and quickly substituted with mechanicalcontrols.

Servopak zoom and focus control drive unit is a com-plete package containing all power supplies, AC ampli-fiers, control circuitry and high powered AC Servomotor/generators with integral gear boxes and resettingpotentiometers. Command signals are initiated by theoperation of separate operator's hand controls, eithercamera mounted or remote. The drive output is fromsplined gears which are coupled through speciallysilenced cables to the mechanical drive outlets of anystandard zoom lens.

Servopak has a simplified system for setting the maxi-mum and minimum zoom and focus positions. The stopsare controlled electrically by a simple screw -drivenadjustment and prevent the stresses encountered innormal mechanical stop arrangement. Built-in indicatorlamps in the unit enable adjustment to be made byunskilled operators.

Write for Servopak bulletins.

POWER -OPTICS, INC.P.O. BOX 226, FAIRVIEW VILLAGE, PA. 19409(215) 272-5300 Telex -846411Western inquiries contact:Television Products, Inc. (213) 678-2388 002

80


September, 1969-BWE

WFLA had an opening in theirrecording studio. They filledit with a Magnecord 1021.Magnecord tape recorders occupy a largenumber of highly responsible positions in thecommunication's world. Somewhere in thehills of Turkey, Magnecords are listening toforeign language broadcasts. And closer tohome, voice -controlled Magnecords waitpatiently to hear from our men in outer space.These are the kind of recommendations thatgot Magnecord its position at WFLA.

The tape recorders at WFLA run day afterday, all day, under the most exacting broad-

cast conditions. And that's Magnecord's kindof work. The tougher the better. (BecauseMagnecords are built to take it, day after day,every day of the year.) The die-cast main -plate assures you of permanent mechanicalalignment. Timing accuracy is held constantby the hysteresis synchronous capstan tapedrive. And the payout and take up reels havetheir own heavy duty split -capacitor motors.

The quality of a Magnecord does not varyfrom model to model. But features do. If youwould like the complete story on our fullline of Magnecords, PRODUCTS OF SOUND RESEARG,

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81

FCC RulesContinued from page 18

matter is or has been, the file number (if any) andthe disposition or current status of the matter.

The Commission requested that interested per-sons file comments on its proposed rules beforeAugust 4, 1969, and that reply comments befiled on or before September 5, 1969.

Undoubtedly, the Commission will adopt itsproposed rules in some modified form with nosubstantial change in the philosophy underlyingthe rules.

Licensees and key station personnel shouldbe thoroughly familiar with the new rules. TheCommission will probably use its forfeiture powersto enforce these policies. The Commission mayalso assure compliance by writing letters to li-censees if policies outlined in the proposed FCCForm 325 do not appear to meet Commission re-quirements. The Commission can, and probablywill, defer processing on applications for new, re-newed, or improved facilities and on applicationsfor transfer of control or assignment of licenses,until satisfactory showings in the area of employ-ment practices are submitted by one or both par-ties, depending on the circumstances.

The guidelines in this area are not yet welldefined. Commission standards are expected tobecome established in the several months or sobefore it finally completes consideration of theproposed rulemaking proceeding and all broad-casters are encouraged to keep alert for any newdevelopments. BM/E

Hands-off TV SwitchingContinued from page 32

tered into the memory by the card reader. Typi-cally, a backlog of 100 scenes is maintained in thememory by automatic card -reader action.

Attached to each reel of program material(except news) is a small, plastic associate card,bearing that program's six -digit number. The cardalso indicates program duration and level data forcolor, mono, and audio.

When the schedule calls for a six -digit numbercorresponding to some scheduled scene, the ma-terial is pulled from the storage file by numberand placed on any convenient machine capable ofreproducing it. The associate card is inserted inthe card -reader at that machine. Assuming ma-terial and card are correct and that the schedulehas been entered in the controller memory, an"association" will take place and information asto duration, identification of machine and type ofmaterial is entered into the controller memory.The readout monitor immediately displays allthese data for key areas.

If there's no "association," possibly due tonon -programmed material in the stack, the mon-itors will indicate an error, and the system will re-fuse to accept additional entries until the error iscorrected.

The use of cards not only guards against errorand eliminates complicated scheduling, it alsosimplifies repetitive sequencing. BM/E

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82 September, I 969-BM/E

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The soundest sound in automation is the living -sound of Gates. And wehave the customers to prove it! For more information about "live" auto-mation, call us at (309) 829-7006, or write Gates, Automatic Tape ControlDivision, 1107 Croxton Avenue, Bloomington, Illinois 61702.

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"We can really maintainthe quality 'on -air' soundwith our Gatesautomation equipment.We use only our bestpeople on automation."Phil Sheridan, WNCIColumbus, Ohio



FCCACTIONS

Leapfrogging permitted in Can-isteo, N.Y. CATV. Commissionhas granted petition of HornellTelevision Service, Inc. to carrythree New York City independentTV stations on a CATV system inCanisteo. System already carriesnetwork affiliates and educationalstations in Buffalo, Rochester, andElmira, N.Y. But Canisteo system'sproposal would leapfrog WPGH-TV(independent) Pittsburgh, Pa.,which would be inconsistent withproposed Section 74.1107(e)(1).Petitioner stated that communityof Hornell, adjacent to Canisteo,already receives the three NewYork City independent stations.Since Hornell and Canisteo are es-sentially one community, it wouldbe unfair to deny the three chan-nels to Canisteo.

Merger approval has been grantedfor Filmways, Inc., producers of"Beverly Hillbillies," "Green

Acres," and "Petticoat Junction,"and Cascade Broadcasting Co., li-censee of KIMA-TV, Yakima, Wash.,KEPR-TV, Pasco, Wash., and KLEW-TV, Lewiston, Idaho.

Nonduplication: Great Lakes Com-munity TV, Inc., owner and oper-ator of a CATV system at Petos-key, Mich., has been directed bythe Commission to show cause whyit should not be ordered to ceaseand desist from further violation ofSection 74.1103(e) of the Commis-sion's Rules by failing to provideprogram exclusivity for WTOM-TV,Cheboygan, Mich.

Request for fm channel assignmentto Batavia, N.Y. denied by Com-mission. Batavia BroadcastingCorp., licensee of a -m stationWBTA, sought assignment of thechannel 269A and an fm construc-tion permit. Batavia Broadcastingalso asked waiver of either theseparation requirements of Section73.207 or the transmitter locationrequirements of Section 73.315(a).Alternatively, Batavia Broadcast-ing proposed that channel 269Abe assigned to West Batavia, N.Y.If the assignment were made in or

immediately adjacent to Bataviaso as to provide minimum requiredfield strength of 3.16 mV/m, thestation would be short -spaced withrespect to WNYR-FM, Rochester,N.Y. If a site were selected whichmet spacing requirements, mini-mum field intensity would not beprovided. The Commission ruledthat strict enforcement of the mile-age separation rules is of para-mount importance to the integrityof the entire fm allocation plan.The use of a site meeting spacingrequirements would not provideneeded service for all of the county.The Commission rejected the al-ternate proposal to assign the chan-nel to West Batavia, which has apopulation of 25 persons, as therewas no showing that such a smallcommunity has a separate need orcould support an fm station.

General Telephone of Florida hasbeen ordered not to begin opera-tion of any CATV distribution fa-cilities in Manatee County, Fla.,pending resolution of a hearing.Further, the Commission orderedGeneral Telephone of Florida toshow cause why it should not beordered to cease and desist for

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Either of two video inputs, selectable from the 'rontpanel, may be viewed on the 8 x 10 -cm screen. Thevideo signal being displayed is provided at a rear -panel connector for viewing on a picture monitor.

Calibrated, 1 -volt and 4 -volt full scale deflection fac-tors provide convenient displays of typical videoand sync signal levels. A variable control providesuncalibrated full scale deflection factors from 0.25volts to 4.0 volts. FLAT, IRE, CHROMA, and DIFFGAIN vertical amplifier response positions permitrapid observation and measurement of waveformcharacteristics. A slow -acting DC Restorer main'ainsa constant back porch level despite changes insignal amplitude, APL or color burst and may beturned off when not needed.

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further construction, operating andoffering of CATV facilities inManatee County. Action came inresponse to petition by ManateeCablevision, holder of nonexclu-sive franchise to provide CATVservice in Manatee County. Mana-tee Cablevision charged GeneralTelephone of Florida and its af-filiates have engaged in anticom-petitive practices and has acted tocircumvent Section 214 of theCommunications Act. ManateeCablevision charged it was denieda pole attachment agreement withFlorida Power and Light and waspromised such an agreement byGeneral of Florida but rebuffedwhen General purchased the rivalCATV system.

Wheeling Antenna Co., Inc.(WACO), owner and operator ofa CATV system at Wheeling,W.Va., has been directed by theCommission to show cause why itshould not be ordered to cease anddesist from further violation ofSection 74.1103(d)(3) of the Com-mission's Rules by failing to pro-vide program exclusivity for WSTV-TV, Steubenville, Ohio.

Request was denied for reconsid-eration of ownership hearing order.

Lee Enterprises, Inc. had earlierfiled application for new FM sta-tion in Billings, Mont. The Com-mission then scheduled a hearingon possible undue concentrationof media control. The Commissionsaid that Lee publishes the onlydaily newspaper in Billings andthat its Montana newspapers con-trol nearly 60 percent of the totalcirculation for all Montana dailies.Also mentioned was Lee's owner-ship of 3 a -m, 4 fm, and 3 TV sta-tions.

KWAD, Wadena, Minn. is appar-ently liable for $500 forfeiture forfailure to have a properly licensedoperator on duty at the transmit-ter control point. Station has 30days to pay or contest the for-feiture.

Pre -sunrise rules adopted for ClassII's. Class II a -m station with pre-sunrise authorization may beginoperation with 500 watts at 6 a.m.local time (or sunrise at the domi-nant station if located east of theClass II station, whichever is later)under an amendment to presunriserules adopted by the Commission.Class II stations located east of thedominant co -channel Class I -Astation will continue to be pro-

hibited from pre -sunrise operation.The 500 watts' power limitationmay be subject to further reductionby international agreement. Com-mission action consisted of dele-tion of the Note to Section73.99(b)(1) of the Rules. Underthe terms of the order, stations nowoperating under the Note may con-tinue to operate through September14, 1969 with sign -on time ad-justed to 6 a.m. local time (orsunrise at the dominant station,whichever is later). After Septem-ber 14, 1969, presunrise opera-tions may be conducted only withpre -sunrise authorizations.

Application for transfer of controlof Old Pueblo Broadcasting Com-pany, licensee of KOLD-TV, Tucson,Arizona, from Torn Chauncey,Gene Autry, Isa M. Autry, AnneL. Kerney, E. S. Mittendorf andFrank W. Beer to Universal Com-munications Corp., has beengranted with the condition that theEdward W. Scripps Trust divestitself of all ownership interest inthe Evening News Association inexcess of one percent within 120 -days from June 19. Considerationfor transfer was about $4,100,-000.

ONE OF THE BEST REASONS FOR BUYING A TAPECASTER CARTRIDGE MACHINE

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AUDIO'4'SYSTEMS

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Min MOW

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ELECTRONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTSby Richard H. Dorf. A complett"bible" on Electrcnic Organs -design concepts, circuit opera-tion, tuning and servicing. Hereis the brand-new edition cf themost definitive technical bookon electronic organs ever pub-lished. This book will providethe reader with a thorough un-derstanding of the objectives ofelectronic organ circuit designand operation. The content be-gins by explaining how an elec-

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Written for those who are, or who aspire to be,owners and managers, Modern Radio Broadcast-ing provides an in-depth view of the largestsingle category of broadcasting station opera-tion -the so-called "small" market. Regardlessof your present status in broadcasting -experi-enced or inexperienced, veteran or student -youcan't help but move up the ladder armed withthe straight -forward information presented inthis book. A glance at the partial Contents willgive you an idea of the scope covered in thispractical, all -encompassing guide.Chapter 1 describes the small market, its uniqueaspects, its peculiarities, what a station must doto ingrain itself in a community. The cold, hardfacts of economy come under scrutiny in Chap-ter 2. Chapter 3 spotlights the often intricateramifications of market and facility selection,

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... MN I= MNMODERN RADIO BROADCASTING: Management &Operation in Small to Medium Markets-By R. H. CoddingtonHere are the real "nuts -and -bolts" of modern radio operation, based ontwo decades of experience in all size markets -from the metropolitangoliaths to the "peanut whistle" variety. No matter what your interestin broadcasting -management, production, engineering, etc. -you'll referto this encyclopedic volume time and again.

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RADIO PROMOTION HANDBOOKby Wm. A. Peck. Acomplete guide onways to developbetter ratings, im-prove results, andincrease sales! It'sa proven fact!Clever and well -planned promotion -campaigns lead tobigger audienceratings and greatersales! This brand-

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$1501 -WORKING WITH SEMICONDUC-TORS.50Truly authoritative text on howsemi -conductor circuits work, from theground up. Describes literally hun-dreds cf circuit applications for transis-tors, junction diodes, varactors, FETs,tunnel diodes, SCRs, etc., in amplifi-ers, oscillators, multivibrators, "flip-flops," counters, VHF and UHF cir-cuits. 192 pps. Hardbound $7.95T199 -RADIO ENGINEERING HAND-BOOK, Henney. Includes data on mi-crowave, electron tubes, acoustics, au-dio frequency amplifiers, transmitters,oscillators, power supply systems, tran-sistors ... tells how to design equal-izer networks, match antenna andtransmitter, design power, supplies,etc. 1775 pps.; over 1500 illus. $27.50468-104 HAM RADIO PROJECTS FORNOVICE & TECHNICIAN. A well-rounded assortment of antenna de-vices, audio equipment, CW aids, in-terference suppressors and eliminators,power supplies, preamps and pre -selectors, receivers and converters,transmitters, and transmitter -receiveraccessories. 192 pps.1215 -TELEVISION FILM ENGINEER-ING.$395All about technical aspects ofTV film programming. A ONE -SOURCEhandbook for TV personnel involvedin any phase of TV Film programming.507 pps. Only $15.001118 -BASIC MICROWAVES. Developsunderstanding of modern microwave

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476 -MODERN TV CIRCUIT & WAVE-FORM ANALYSIS. Explores the newesttransistorized integrated circuit andtube -type receivers -both color andmonochrome. Includes functional de-scriptions of various circuit types, thetroubles you may enccunter, and thewaveforms you should observe forthem. 250 pps., 175 illus. $4.95T101 ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT DESIGNHANDBOOK. Over 500 tried and testedcircuits for control, regulation, protec-tion, filtering and suppression, com-parison, amplification, oscillation,alarm, counting and timing, testingand measuring, power supplies, detection and sensing, display and read.out, gating and logic, relay and switch.$m.95ing, and signal generation. 320 pps.,8V2 x 11", Hardbound.

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757 -TELEVISION STATION MANAGE-MENT. Discusses the practical day-to-day problems of managing and operat-ing a TV station. No theory, for eachof the 17 Chapters has been writtenby a broadcast executive with wideexperience. Covers the independent,network affiliate, and ETV station. 256pps.; 17 chapters. $6.95158 -THE TECHNIQUE OF THE SOUNDSTUDIO. All the procedures necessaryfor recording sound of professionalquality on tape or film, and how bestresults can be obtained with anyequipment. 288 pps.; 100 diagrams.

$10.50137 -RADIO OPERATING Q & A, byHorning and McKenzie. The standardwork that has helped men pass theirexams for 40 years. Provides all thedata needed to pass Elements 1

through 9 of the FCC exams. 608pages, 153 illus., 2000 answers. $8.95167 -AUDIO CONTROL HANDBOOK.For radio -TV broadcasting. An ex-tremely practical aid for studio controloperation. A real step-by-step "how-to -do -it" manual. Numerous Reviewquestions at the end of each of the16 Chapters provide a helpful re-fresher. 160 pps.; Big 83/400" size;131 illus. $7.95496 -RCA COLOR TV SERVICE MAN-UAL. Everything you need to know toservice and repair all RCA color mod-els -an all -in -one service manual. In-cludes production changes, modifica-tions, and service notes on each chas-sis. Foldout section contains full-sizeschematic diagrams. 176 pps., 81/2511". Long -Life Vinyl Cover. $7.95

RADIO NEWS HANDBOOKby David Dary, News Div.,Studio B/C Sys. A real treasure -chest of ideas to improve andenhance newcasts. Serves notonly as a day-to-day guide, butalso as a source of vital info.Provides solid grounding inradio news basics, mechanics,and style, plus details on theworking of a radio newsroom.This single volume provides awealth of practical knowledge,illustrated by scores of photos.Covers news sources, mobile

news, editorializing, law and the news, etc.176 pps; 8 Chapters; Heavily illus. Hardbound.Order No. 216 only $7.95

CATV SYSTEM MAINTENANCEThe first and only book devotedto the maintenance of CATV sys-tems, from the antenna throughconstruction techniques, to com-plete trouble -shooting. Includesadequate technical data on sys-tem design. Major emphasis ison maintenance - providing awealth of information on howto locate and correct equipmentfailures, including tips on howto eliminate various types of

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TECHNICAL PAPERS PRESENTED AT THENAB ENGINEERING CONFERENCEThese complete transcripts include the technicalpapers presented at the Conferences, plus atranscript of the FCC/Industry Panel discussion.Contain all the photos, slides and drawings pre-sented in conjunction with the technical talks.All the very latest developments are covered.Here are volumes that belong on the shelf ofevery station library-something every broadcastengineer should read and re read several times.These Official Proceedings are a wonderful sourceof ideas, and provide the answers to manytroublesome problems. Invaluable as aids inhelping stations make important buying and en-gineering decisions. Each volume 256 pps., BIG81/2 x 11" size.

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CATV OPERATOR'S HANDBOOKCompletely covers all aspectsof the subject, from obtaininga franchise to financing andplanning a new system . . .

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INTERPRETING FCC BROADCAST RULES& REGULATIONS, (Volume 2)Edited by Verne M. Ray. Here it is, Volume 2 ofthis widely acclaimed series. This brand-newreference discusses the most recent FCC decisionson important subjects. The material in Volume 2is completely new-none of it duplicates the datain Volume 1. Indispensible for broadcast stationpersonnel. Now any broadcast station owner ormanager can bring himself up to date on federalregulations governing his operations, completewith detailed, practical suggestions on how tofulfill necessary obligations. 192 pages, 20 chap-ters.Order T-492 Comb -bound $6.95

INTERPRETING THE FCC RULES & REGSHere's a MUST book for everystation. Covers current legal re-quirements, whys and where-fores behind FCC policies, Pro-gram Log Requirements, TheFairness Doctrine, FraudulentBilling, precedent -setting courtrulings and their effects, etc.Bring yourself up to date onfederal regulations governingyour operations, complete withdetailed practical suggestions onhow to fulfill necessary obliga-

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e pful Books that Belong in EveryStation Now on 10 -Da FREE Trial!1Broadcast Station Operating Guide

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Here, in one handbook, are all the guidelines for station operation-fromstarting a new facility to making a profit, from programming to accounting.

A "must book" for anyonein broadcasting. Deals withthe specifics of day-to-dayoperation-encompasses ev-ery level or responsibility.

The secret to success inbroadcasting, like in anyother business, is knowingwhat to do and how to doit. The best way to learn

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Broadcast Station Operating Guide is one ofthose rare books which will prove valuable toboth newcomers and oldtimers, and all those inbetween. For example, it tells how to deve'opsound programming, what to do about editorial -

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Considerable information is included forsetting up and operating the sales department,from Miring and training salesmen to develop-ing effective sales copy. Tells how to sell local,regional, and national accounts, gives guidelinesfor setting rates and developing rate cards, mak-ing sales calls . . . how to promote your sta-tion, how to develop and use audience data,how to compete with other media . . . andmuch, much, more.Order T-467 only $12.95

THE MAN BEHIND THE MIKEby Hal Fisher. This "Guide toProfessional Broadcast Announc-ing" offers the practical helpyou need. Use of the down-to-earth pointers in this mas-sive 288 -page volume will helpboth seasoned veterans and"green" announcers. Offerspractical guidance on everyphase of announcing. Containsover 40 drills to spark interest.Tells how to develop true pro-fessional talents, how to be-come a good d.j., newscaster or

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by Bill Rheinfelder. SECONDEDITION of the acceptedtechnical standard on CATV. . . expanded and revisedversion of the first andonly authoritative book onplanning, designing and op-erating a CATV plant. Worthmany times its small cost.Completely outdates the 1stedition, and covers systemscomposed of uncorrelatedcomponents as well as fullyintegrated systems with solid-state equipment. Contains

only tested and proved data. 256 pps; 13 chap-ters; 7 appendices, 140 illus. Hardbound.Order No. T-98 only $12.95

MICROPHONESby A. E. Robertson. Valuablesourcebook for all users ofquality microphones. Describesoperating principles for thevast array of mics now avail-able. Written for the micuser, all math discussion hasbeen eliminated from the text.12 Chapters plus Appendices:Microphones in a Broadcast-ing Service; Sound Waves inAir; Operational Forces; Elec-troacoustics; Diffraction and Di.

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300 Merchandise -Moving Ideas!A compendium of more than 300creative selling ideas designedexclusively for radio stations.Here are sales tools that work!A vast supply of ready -to -useideas for producing sales in 43categories, from air conditionersto washing machines. Based onthe premise that radio time mustmake a sponsor's cash registerring, here are powerful, posi-tive ideas that will do just that. . . and add thousands of dol-

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ANATOMY OF LOCAL RADIO -TV COPYby Wm. A. Peck. Guaranteed tobe the most valuable thing aradio -TV writer can get hishands on . . . next to a type-writer! This new, enlarged, up-dated 3rd edition of a real in-dustry classic contains over 40%new material, loaded with hun-dreds of ways to increase stationbilling with sales -proven copy.Its purpose is to help you re-move the "error" from the trialand error system. The techniques

descried have passed the most critical test towhich advertising can be subjected . . . theysold the merchandise! Leading station executiveshave said of this book. "It sets the standard forradio -TV copy at the local level." "I have seenthe principles in this book literally turn to gold. . . should be required reading fcr every mediasales and creative staff." . . . "A practical, hard-hitting and immediately usable manual." Yes,you and your clients both will profit from theideas in this invaluable volume . . . ideas whichhave sold "impossible" prospects. 16 chaptersinclude more than a hundred sample commercialsfor all types of accounts, making the book averitable copy library!Order No. T-90

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NO RISK COUPON-MAIL TODAYTAB BOOKS, Blue Ridge Summit, Pa. 17214

Please send me book(s) listed below.

I enclose

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Name

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City StateSANE POSTAGE by remitting with order, B99

September, I969-BM/E 89

"Want a Good Jobin Broadcasting?

You'll Need aFirst Class FCC License."Matt Stuczynski knows. He's the Senior Transmitter Operator ofRadio Station WBOE. His story is typical of hundreds of men whohave used Cleveland Institute Training as a springboard to successin Broadcasting. Here's what Matt says about Cleveland Institute:

"I give Cleveland Institute credit for my First Class FCC License.Even though I had only 6 weeks of high school algebra, CIE'sAUTO-PROGRAMMEDTm lessons really made electronicstheory and fundamentals easy. After completing the CIE course,I took and passed the First Class Exam. I now have a good jobin studio operation, transmitting, proof of performance, equip-ment servicing. Believe me, a Commercial FCC License is a`must' for a career in Broadcasting."

If you want rapid advancement in broadcasting, the first step is aFirst Class FCC ticket with your name on it. And Cleveland Insti-tute Home Study is a fast, economical way to get one. What's more,CIE backs their licensing programs with this money -back warranty:

"A CIE License Course will quickly prepare you for a FirstClass FCC License. If you complete the course but fail to passthe exam on your first attempt, CIE will refund all tuition."

With Cleveland Institute you get your First Class FCC License oryour money back! Send coupon today for FREE book or write toCleveland Institute of Electronics, 1776 E. 17th St., Dept. BM -21,Cleveland, Ohio 44114.

MAIL COUPON TODAY FOR FREE BOOK

Name

CIE Cleveland Instituteof Electronics

1776 East 17th Street, Cleveland, Ohio 44114

Please send me your FREE book, "HowTo Get A Commercial FCC License."

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City State 7ip

Occupation Age

Veterans check here for GI Bill informationAccredited Member National Home Study CouncilA Leader in Electronics Training ... Since 1934 BM -21


Runwith thebest

runtheMARATHON

Selling continuous tape cartridgesto people who know exactly what theywant and how it measures up takes a

good product.This one is good enough to carry the nameMARATHON. Who'd make a cartridge that

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The major cartridge users are already running theMARATHON. We move fast.

Can we send you completeengineering specifications,

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BROADCAST EQUIPMENT SALES CORPORATION57 NORTH PUTNAM ST. DANVERS. MASS. (617) 774 6066


September. 1969-BM/E

BM/E CLASSIFIED MARKETPLACECLASSIFIED ADVERTISING RATES

DISPLAY CLASSIFIED ADVERTISING: $22.50 per inch lx; $22.00 per inch 3x; $21.00 per inch 6x; $20.00per inch 12x. ALL OTHER CLASSIFIED ADVERTISING 250 per word; minimum $3.00. BLIND BOX NUMBER:No extra charge. Replies sent to address below will be forwarded to you. PAYABLE IN ADVANCE; sendcheck with order. CLOSING DATE: 5th of 2nd month preceding issue date.

BM/E, Monterey and Pinola Avenues, Blue Ridge Summit, Pa. 17214 Phone 717/794-2191

HELP WANTEDirmrnimBROADCAST SALES ENGINEER

1M

(217) 222-8200.

111 1. 1.

Exclusive territory for sale of rapidly expanding line of broadcast equipment requireshighly motivated, sales -minded individual with strong technical knowledge of equipmentprimarily to AM, FM, and TV stations. Leading company with history of high profit andrapid growth.

Salary plus commission-with full fringe benefits and travel expenses paid.

Send resume or call Robert T. Fluent, Assistant Personnel Manager, 123 Hamphire,

GATES RADIO COMPANYA division of Harris-Intertype Corporation

QUINCY, ILLINOIS 62301

Art equal opportunity employer (M&F)111Chief Engineer immediate opening for right man.Applicant must have strong background, bothtechnical and administrative. We are a fullcolor station with color mobile unit and nowin the construction stage of new facilities in-cluding; new tower, antenna, transmitter, mastercontrol, and studio control for two studios.Salary commensurate with experience. Sendresume, references and salary requirements toWKYT-TV, Box 655, Lexington, Kentucky40501.

Salesman for single station market 5000 wattAM and new 50 kw FM station with separateprograming. May advance to management.Guarantee plus commission. Other radio workavailable. Prefer family man for permanentwork. Write to WSLM, Salem, Indiana, phone(812) 883-5750.News Director for strong local news operation.Take charge of smooth functioning local newsbureau. Above average pay for man unafraidof hard work with ability to gather, write anddeliver local news. Opportunity for play-by-playsports, WCOJ, Coatesville, Pa. (215) 384-2100.Engineer, full color, full power VHF -TV anddaytime radio. Maintenance and operation. Allnew equipment. Position requires experience inhighband VTR, live color cameras. Southwestarea. Excellent fringe benefits. Reply withresume, references, and requirements to Box969-1, c/o BM/E, Blue Ridge Summit, Pa.17214.TV -MOVIE PRODUCER/DIRECTOR, COPY-WRITER, MARKET RESEARCH MGR., ARTDIRECTOR, INTERIOR DESIGNER. Out-standing opportunities at expanding company.Excellence the byword. Professionals only. Alder-man Studios, P.O. Box 26, High Point, N.C.27261.Needed immediately . . . first phone engineercapable of maintaining AM & FM transmitterand studio gear and installation and mainte-nance of background music service. Send com-plete resume to Gene Rader, Director of Engi-neering, P.O. Box 910, Roswell, N.M.Field service engineers, full or part time open-ings throughout U.S. enable you to share inexciting new Automation generation. Write L.Wortman, Schafer Electronics, 9119 De SotoAve., Chatsworth, Calif. 91311.First-class ticket, capable of maintenance andshort announcing shift. Will later become chief.Lowell Jack, KMAN, Manhattan, Kansas 913/776.4851.Midwest group has openings in announcing andin sales. Send resume, photo, tape or salesrecord. Box 969-2, c/o BM/E, Blue Ridge Sum-mit, Pa. 17214.#1 engineer for Pennsylvania CATV. Get in onground floor of expanding operation. Box 969-7,c/o BM/E, Blue Ridge Summit, Pa. 17214.

POSITIONS WANTED

Calypso anyone? West Indian with experienceseeks part-time tight board week ends. Dynamicpersonality. Sales. Box 969-5, c/o BM/E, BlueRidge Summit, Pa. 17214.

POSITIONS WANTED (cont'd.)

Young, black experienced, female TV news re-porter. Solid journalism background (Time, AP,N.Y. Times). Working for award winning newsshow. B. A. English, two languages, well tra-veled. Available Sept. or winter as air reporteror news writer, east or west coast, Europe. JoycePowell, c/o KQED Newsroom, San Francisco.Disc jockey-Broadcast school graduate, draftexempt, dependable, experienced in all phases ofradio broadcasting, tight board control; thirdclass endorsed. Willing to relocate for the rightopportunity. For inquiry write Harold Robinson,P.O. Box 752, Newark, N.J.Man, 3rd endorsed, with some radio experience,wants to work part time at rural radio station.Please write to Bruce Langdon, 9312 13th Ave.,So. Minneapolis, Minnesota 55420.Experienced-who wishes to go into manage-ment. Medium sized market. Write NormanThomas, P.O. Box 428, Chattanooga, Tenn.

BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES

FRANCHISE

DISTRIBUTORSHIPS

FOR

SEEBURG

BACKGROUND MUSIC

We are expanding our distributor ter-ritories, and offer to those who qualifyfranchises for background music, withphone lines, FM Multiplex, or on -

premise systems.

Complete details forwarded on request:Address:

Joseph F. Hards, Vice Pres..

SEEBURG MUSIC LIBRARY, INC.

1500 North Dayton StreetChicago, Illinois 60622

EQUIPMENT FOR SALE

Jack Panels and patch cords, Audio and Video,new and used. Precision video coax cable andconnectors (Belden 8281). Write for catalog.Gulf Electro-Sales, Inc., 6325 Beverly Hill,Houston, Texas 77027. Phone 713-781-3066.

EQUIPMENT FOR SALE (cont'd)

TRANSLATOR POWER Now put your transla-tor where antenna should be for best coveragenot where power line happens to be. Use aTELAN thermoelectric generator. No movingparts, simple to operate, leave unattended 6-12months. General Instrument Corp., Thermo-electric Division. Dept. BM 65 Gouverneur St.,Newark, N.J. 0'7104. 201-485-2100 ext 481.U.H.F. Television transmitter, RCA TTU 12.5KW, modified for color, complete with acces-sories, now operating on Ch. 27. Synch Genera-tor, 2 x 2 slide projectors, TA9 stablizingamplifiers, Collins audio console, video distri-bution amplifiers, side band analyzer and UHFconverter, power supplies. TRT-1B video taperecorder (color), TK-31-C (2) Field camerachains, TS -11 Studio Switcher, 35 ft. mobileunit, 500 ft. Tower. Contact Hal Schumacher,Ph. 606-254-2727, P.O. Box 655, Lexington, KY.,40501.

New Collins TT 400/200 turntables. Due to theacquisition of QRK by CCA Electronics, it hasbeen mutually agreed, QRK will no longer man-ufacture these turntables for Collins. QRK hasavailable a limited number of these turntablesat 10% discount, with full warranty. QRK willmaintain a complete inventory of parts for Col-lins TT 400/200 turntables. Contact QRK (209)251-4213 or your CCA area representative: CCAElectronics Corporation, 716 Jersey Avenue,Gloucester City, New Jersey (609) 456-1716.BEST DEALS: SPOTMASTER, SCULLY,MAGNECORD, CROWN, INFONICS PULI-CATORS, TELCO, CBS AUDIMAX-VOLU-MAX, PULTEC, FAIRCHILD, LANGEVIN,UNIVERSAL AUDIO, METRON MODULA-TION MONITOR, QRK, RUSSCO, REK-O-KUT, GRAY, SHURE MICROPHONES ANDMIXERS, TURNER, VEGA, AUDIOPAKAND FIDELIPAC CARTRIDGES. FINANCE,LEASE, TRADE. AUDIOVOX, BOX 7067-55,MIAMI, FLORIDA. 33155.SCULLY TAPE RECORDERS: Mono., 2, 4, 8,12, & 16 track models plus 270 automatic play-ers. Some models in stock now. W.A.L. customaudio control consoles & console modules.Solid state 120 Watt power Amps. We buy andrebuild Scully lathes. WIEGAND AUDIO LAB-ORATORIES, INC. 3402 Windsor Road, Wall,N.J. 07719. Phone 201/681-6443.Visual 6000 TV Automation system -true timeand elapsed time switching, 12 pre -rolls 2 -punch tape readers, one tape punch -audioswitcher for mixes and audio follow. Unit inservice and can be seen by appointment. Also-GE PF 10-16 mm continuous motion TVprojector; GE TV86 optical multiplexer; GEPE21 vidicon film chain. John Neeck, WPIX,220 E. 42nd St. New York, N.Y.Hickok DMS-3200 Digital Measuring System.Main Frame and DP -150 frequency counter.Also Hickok 288AX AM -FM generator. Bothused just a few hours and in mint condition.Cost $830-will take best offer. Jack T. SharpAdvertising Agency, Inc., 14055 Cedar Road,Cleveland, Ohio 44118. (216) 371-2000.Immediately available-Two Ampex VR-1100VTR's priced for immediate sale. Two RCATK-11C Camera chains, complete for $1,950.00each. Surplus Tektronix 453 scopes and vector -scopes. For the finest in used equipment, con-tact Ed Ries and Associates, 414 No. AlfredStreet, Los Angeles, Calif. 90048. (213) 651-5080.USED VTR BARGAINS -2 Sony PV -120UVTR's w/new warranty @ $4475., 3 Ampex VR6000 VTR's @ $550., 4 Dage DV300 VTR's@ $1600., tape available; 2 Sony EV200 VTR's@ $2500. with new warranty. Contact AlexanderElectronics, Inc., 4747 Wyandotte St., KansasCity, Mo. 64112. (816) 531-4390."Used equipment-like new, automatic balancecontrol Telechrome 617 -BR, Lambda Power Sup-ply 290V-800ma. Channel amps for GE PE -24.Gamma Boards for GE PE -24. Monitor SelectPanel TC-63-B GE, Color Encoder TV -58 -DI,GE. Best offer." Box 969-6, c/o BM/E, BlueRidge Summit, Pa. 17214.1 RCA power max negative peak limiter MI -34654, like new. 1 Martin FM modulation moni-tor TR41-3500, 92.1 MHz very good condition.1 RCA type BA -46 limiter unit, MI -11456, BA -43Program amplifier, very good condition. WLBBRadio, Carrollton, Georgia.

September, I969-BM/E 91

Perfect YourCCTV System

with

COSMICARlenses

Focal length 15-145mmAperture f/2.5

A new member to the superb

COSMICAR lens family!!

The most efficient 10 : 1 ZOOM lens,unmatched for its optimum performance,both optically and mechanically with im-pecable definition and resolution through-out its entire zoom range.

Also available are scores of other lenses,ranging from 8.5mm to 1,000mm telepho-to, zoom and those motordriven amongthem, for immediate delivery, after beingtailored to your specifications.

COSMICAR OPTICAL CO., LTD.568, Shimoochmi, 2-chome. Shinjukuku,

Tokyo, JapanCable Address: "MOVIEKINO TOKYO"


EQUIPMENT FOR SALE (cont'd)Ampex 300, 350, 352, 400, 450 users, for greaterSIN ratio, replace first playback stage 12SJ7with our plug-in transistor preamp. For speci-fications write VIF INTERNATIONAL, POBox 1555, Mtn. View, Ca. 94040.AMERICA'S LARGEST STOCK AND CON-SIGNMENT LISTING of new and used broad-cast and recording equipment. We trade -sell andbuy. THE MAZE CORPORATION, P.O. Box6636, Birmingham, Alabama 35210.Gates 10 w BFE-10C FM transmitter, 1 yr. old,perfect condition. Tuned to 91.1 mHz. JamesHarvey, WGGL-FM, Mich. Tech. University,Houghton, Michigan 49931.Protect your Lps. Heavy poly sleeves for jackets50; paper poly sleeves for records 100; min.order $5.00. Record Supplies, Hillbum, N.Y.11)931.

TRY US FIRST. New and used Broadcastequipment and supplies. Package discounts.Vernon Steed Associates, Box 616, Warrenton,N.C. 27589.Gates Vanguard I one kilowatt spare crystal.final, tuned 970, $3,150.00 FOB. GR-1606-A RFbridge $775.00. GR 1330-A oscillator used once$695.00. Mervin Ling, KAYT, Rupert, Idaho.Schafer Automation Model 1200 C; 6 Ampexplaybacks; brain; no make-up unit; good condi-tion. $6,000.00, FOB. Box 969-3, c/o BM,/E,Blue Ridge Summit, Pa. 17214.Schafer Automation, 71/2 years old; make-uppanel; brain; complete, $4,700.00; Six playbacks.Model 1200 C. Box 969-4, c/o BM/E, BlueRidge Summit, Pa. 17214.Western Electric 506-B2 10 kw FM transmitter.Uses Eimac 4CX10,000A final. Best offer.KNOB, Anaheim, California 92802.Whatever your equipment needs . . . checkfirst with Broadcast Equipment and SupplyCo.. Box 3141, Bristol, Tennessee 37620.30,000 feet #10 soft drawn, non -insulated newcopper wire for antenna ground system. Cost usa Grand. Make offer. KOLY, Mobridge, S.D.Practically new Smith TV tape splicer. KLOC-TV, P.O. Box 3689, Modesto, California 95357..

MISCELLANEOUS FOR SALEThird Class License instruction booklet, reviewsall phases necessary for license, also containssample test. $1 each. Order from Baker Pub-lishing, 443 So. 13th Street, Lincoln, Neb.68508.SIGNS. NAMEPLATES, LABELS. Decals,Badges, Trophies, Plaques. Seton Corp., Dept.BM/E. New Haven, Conn. 06505.Self-supporting and guyed towers. Any typeground wire -68f per pound. Bill Angle, P.O.Box 55, Greenville, N.C. 27834. (919) 752-3040.

EQUIPMENT WANTEDNew educational radio station looking for equip-ment; donations tax deductible, we will payshipping. Contact: WBCH, Fritz Maehling,Cromwell Hall, #919, Indiana State University,Terre Haute, Ind. 47809, or phone 812-234-6611,ext. 700.

PROGRAM SERVICES

TAPES FOR AUTOMATION

THE CuB STUDIOS

3415 SERESFORD AVENUEBELMONT, CALIFORNIA 940024 1 5 / 5 9 2 6 1 4 9

35,000 professional comedy lines! Forty speakers' ioke books plus current comedy, a topicshumorous service period. Catalog free. Sampleselection. $5. John Rain Associates, Inc., 232Madison Avenue, New York City 10016.DEEJAYS! 11,000 classified gag lines, $10.00.Unconditionally guaranteed! Comedy catalogfree. Edmund Orrin. Boyer Road, Mariposa,Calif. 95338."365 Days of Laughs". Only Daily Radio gagservice . . prepared by deejays for deejays. $5per month. Box 3736, Merchandise Mart Station,Chicago, III., 60654.

CONSULTANTS

JANSKY & BAILEYBROADCAST -TELEVISION DEPARTMENT

Atlantic Research CorporationA Division of

The Susquehanna Corporation1812 K Street N.W.

Washington, D.C. 20006Member AFCCE (202) 296-6400

CONSULTANTS (con't.

FAQSYSTEMSENGINEERINGCOMPANY

FRANK A. ZOELLERTELEVISION SYSTEMS CONSULTANT

20 Yrs. ExperienceBox 366 San Carlos, Cal. 94070

(415) 593-1751

ROSNER TELEVISIONSYSTEMS

ENGINEERS -CONTRACTORS29 SOUTH MALL

PLAINVIEW. N.Y. 11809(516) 694-1903

TECHNICAL SERVICES

AMPEX HEAD ASSEMBLYRelapping and replacement head service forall AMPEX professional studio model re-corders. Our precision relapping extendshead life for maximum use. Brand new shelfstock replacement heads of our manufactureavailable when relapping not advisable.Prices include thorough assembly cleaning,optical and electrical inspection and completetesting on Ampex equipment. Monaural as-sembly relapping . . . $35.00 complete.Monaural assembly replacements ... $119.50complete. "Loaner" assemblies available.For more data, contact LIPPS, Inc., 1630Euclid St., Santa Monica, Calif. 90404 (213)EX 3-0449.

IN CANADA . . .FOR CATV SYSTEM: ENGINEERING -

PLANNING - CONSTRUCTION -TECHNICAL SERVICES - MAINTENANCE

- SYSTEM SUPPLIES -CLOSED CIRCUIT EQUIPMENT SALES

DEPEND ON EXPERIENCEDEPEND ON

NORAM1780 Albion Road (416) 741-0566

Rexdale, Ont., Canada

INSTRUCTION

R.E.I.'s famous (5) week course for the FirstClass Radio Telephone License is the shortest,most effective course in the nation. Over 98%of R.E.I. graduates pass F.C.C. exams for 1stclass license. Total tuition $360.00. Job place-ment free. Write for brochure Radio Engineer-ing Incorporated Schools. 1336 Main Street,Sarasota, Florida 33577-or 3123 Gillham Road,Kansas City, Missouri 64109-or 809 CarolineStreet, Fredericksburg, Virginia 22401-or 625E. Colorado Street, Glendale, California 91205.FCC License in six weeks from the nation',largest license school. Compare reputationsand success rates before you invest. Profes-sional announcing training on the nation'sonly fully school -operated commercial stationused solely for training. School locations inDallas. Houston, Atlanta, Chicago. New Orleansand Minneapolis. Write Elkins Institute. 2603Inwood Road. Dallas. Texas 75235.First phone through tape recorded lessons athome plus one week personal instruction inWashington, D.C., Atlanta, Boston, Detroit,New Orleans, Minneapolis, Seattle, Denver,Portland, Los Angeles. Proven results. Our 17thyear teaching FCC license courses. Bob JohnsonBroadcast License Training, 1060D Duncan,Manhattan Beach, Calif 90266. Phone 213-379-4461.

USE BM /E's CLASSIFIEDMARKETPLACE TO REACHOVER 21,000 BROADCASTERS!

Please run the ad attached in BM/E'sCLASSIFIED MARKETPLACE in your next:

12 issues El 6 issuesID 3 issues 0 1 issueBM/E, Classified Advertising Department,Blue Ridge Summit, Pa. 17214.

92 September, I969-BM/E

IIM/E ADVERTISERS' INDEX

American Electronic Laboratories, Inc. 74 3M Co.,Magnetic Products Div. 33Mincom Div. 40

Ampro Corp., Insta-Tape Div. 64

Moseley Associates, Inc. 82Ball Brothers Research Corp. 36

Philips Broadcast EquipmentBenco Television Corp. 18 Corp. 34, 35, 59, 61, 63

Boston Insulated Wire & Cable Co. 73 Power Ootics, Inc. 80

CBS Laboratories, A Div. of ColumbiaBroadcasting System, Inc. 5 Primo Company Ltd. 59

Canon U.S.A. Inc. 64 RCA, Broadcast Equipment 76, 77

Central Dynamics Corp. 7 RHG Eleclronics Laboratory Inc. 56

Cleveland Institute of Electronics 90 Riker Video, A Sub. of The Riker-Maxson Corp. Cover 2

Collins Radio Co. 70Schafer Electronics 9

Comm/Scope Corp., A SuperiorContinental Company 60, 72 Sparta Electronics Corp. 78

Conrac Div., Conrac Corp. 54, 55 Spindler & Sauppe, Inc. 84

Control Concepts Corp., A Sub. of Stancil-Hoffman Corp. 61Presearch, Inc. 71

Superior Continental Corp. 60, 72Cosmicar Optical Co., Ltd. 92

TAB Books 87, 88, 89Day Manufacturing Co., Electronic Div. 94

Taber Manufacturing & Engineering Co. 71Dynair Electronics Inc.

EG&G, Inc., Electronic Products Div.

Eastman Kodak

62

14

65

Fairchild Recording Equipment Corp. 63

Fort Worth Tower Co., Inc. 93

Gates Automatic Tape Control Div.,A Sub. of Harris-Intertype Corp. 83

Tape-Athon, Corp.

Tapecaster TCM

Tektronix Inc.

TeleMation Inc.

Tele-Measurements, Inc.

75

86

85

12, 13

79

Telemet, A Div. of Geotel, Inc. Cover 4

General Electric Co., Visual Com-munications Products Dept. 19, 20, 21 Telex, Communications Div.

Gotham Audio Corp. 67 Thin Film, Inc.

Vital Industries, Inc.Granger Associates, Bauer Broadcast

Products 69

Hewlett-Packard Co. 3, 53

Insta-Tape, A Div. of Ampro Corp. 64

International Good Music 68

International Nuclear Corp. Cover 3

Jampro Antenna Co., A Div. ofComputer Equipment Corp. 73

Kaiser-CATV Div. of Kaiser Aerospace& Electronics Corp. 53

McMartin Industries Inc. 10

Marathon Broadcast Equipment SalesCorp. 90

Micro Communications, Inc. . 17

81

16

66

THE

LEADE

IN

"Quality-Service

Yes, quality, service and priceon CATV systems are the rea-sons for Forth Worth Tower's po-sition as the industry's leadingsupplier. Experience gained asa pioneer supplier of CATV en-ables Fort Worth Tower to pro-vide you with a quality productat a price that is reasonableand attractive.

Take advantage of our experi-ence. For assistance in systemsplanning, engineering and com-plete systems quotations . . .

CALL OR WRITE TODAY

9a,tt ?And 7 wetCOMPANY, INCORPORATED

P. 0. Box 8597, Fort Worth, Texas(817) JE 6-5676

- Associated Companies -Tommy Moore, Inc.

Big State Engineering, Inc.Tower Construction Finance, Inc.

Circle '59 on Reader Service Card

ADVERTISING SALES OFFICESRobert G. Drake, Advertising Director

EAST COAST WEST COAST820 Second Avenue '245 East Walnut StreetNew York, New York 10017 Pasadera, California 91106212-661-0450 213-795-1528

H. R. Shanton Granger 213-684-0590 (Los Angeles)Lawrence C. Papp

NEW ENGLAND Jules E. Thompson Co.41 Stevens Lane 1111 Hearst BuildingCohasset, Massachusetts 02025 San Francisco, California 94103617-383-0029 415-362-8547

Donald B. Kennedy William J. Healey

MIDWEST JAPAN612 North Michigan Avenue Nippon Keisoku Inc.Chicago, Illinois 60611 P.O. Box 410312-642-3774 Central Tokyo, Japan

Ralph Bergen Yoshi Yamamoto


RUN YOUR

STATION

WITH ONE

MAN ?

THE AUTOGRAMCAN DO IT!

ProgrammingFlexibility!

Total Reliability!

Improved Sound!

Cost Effective!

Autogram will give youfree hours and whoknows better than youthat time is money?

All're G It AIMAUTOMATED PROGRAMMING SYSTEM

Day Manufacturing Co.Electronic Division

Post Office Box 456Plano, Texas 75074

FROM THE

EDITORProtecting SCA Transmission

SCA subscription service is typical of the many technologicaladvances of the last 31/2 decades that aren't provided for inthe woefully outdated Communications Act of 1935. SCAis an important income source for a growing number of fmstations-more than 600 of them at last count.

A culprit in the pantry that's been difficult to track downis the background music pirate. Typically such an operatorwill offer the same music as the franchisee, but at reducedrates. He sets up his receiver in the subscriber's place ofbusiness and tunes in the local SCA program. The broad-caster is automatically done out of a hunk of revenue. Suchpirating is clearly illegal as ruled by the U.S. District Courtin California, when KMLA brought suit against TwentiethCentury Cigarette Vendors in 1967. The defendant was sell-ing KMLA'S music at a cut rate, and the court ruled in favorof the broadcaster.

Adding to the already muddied situation are the com-panies that manufacture and sell SCA adapters and receiversfor home use. There's nothing clearly illegal about suchsales and use, nor is there anything to stop the pirate fromusing these handy equipment sources. One large mail-orderelectronics firm recently stopped selling these home receiversat the FCC's request. The firm was violating no rules orlaws, but felt that the dollar volume involved wouldn't justifya protracted court battle. Paradoxically, some of the largestcustomers for such home units are the broadcasters themselveswho often find this equipment cheaper than that from thetraditional suppliers.

Every market area with SCA is fertile ground for pirates.About the only way they can be sniffed out is by pure dumbluck-the music operator's salesman calls on a supermarketto make a sale only to hear his own station's SCA channelcoming out of the public-address system. At this point, seri-ous financial damage may already have been done to thebroadcaster or franchise -holder.

Discovering the pirates can be made easier if companiesmanufacturing SCA detectors or receivers keep geographi-cally -indexed customer lists. A provision in a new Com-munications Act (which hopefully will be enacted some timebefore the end of this century) could require that such listsbe kept and made available to SCA operators. The lawmight also require the manufacturer to report any largeorders of receiving equipment to the FCC or to the fm/SCAstations in the areas involved. This would be a big help inplaying sleuth.

If your station carries SCA, you've probably alreadyhad some problems. We'd like to know how bad the situationhas been for you, how you've been handling it, and whatyou think should be done. Let's hear from you.

Walter G. SalmManaging Editor



The famous

2IDvideo/pulsedistribution amplifier

with differential input..* The first transistorized distribution / amplifier to be

commercially available-;;- More in use than any other model in the world

Over 1,000 in use by a major television network* In use at almost every TV station in the nation

Hundreds in use by telephone companiesHas a one yedr guarantee (never breaks down anywayl$295.00 FOB Nashville

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New catalog sent on request.


Put Telemet's Equa lizer-Amplifier 3205 in the picture.Holding video output signals sharp and constant has a lot to dowith holding an audience. So, we've designed a color/monochromevideo signal conditioner that corrects "soft" picture problemssuch as streaks and exponential undershoots or overshoots.

The 3205 permits on -air adjustment of phase disturbances inthe troublesome 15KH,, to 500KH,, range. And it does it at baseband before switching into the program line

What's more, the 3205 boosts both color and monochromepictures to desired strengths.

With over 500 in use al Cape Kennedy alone, you know youcan depend on the fully transistorized Equalizer -Amplifier 3205.And since it weighs just 61/2 pounds and measures 19"w. x 13/4"h.x 12"d., it's certain to fit intoyour picture.

For more information andcomplete specs, write or call:Telemet, Amityville, N.Y. 11701,(516) 541-3600.


a division of GEOTEL, INC.

a mactier publication september 1969 b11/11...the twin masts will support the antennas of on -air...

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