Acomputerthatplayscards1.Comeupwithabinaryencodingfora52-carddeck

SlideinspiredbyCSE351Spring2016

2.Wewantthefollowingoperationstobeeasytoimplement• Comparetwocards,whichishighervalue?• Comparetwocards,aretheythesamesuit?

Operationsonapairofcards

Ifyouarestilltryingtogetintotheclass• Considerusinganadd/dropformtosignupforECE3350ComputerArchitectureandOrganization• equivalenttoCS2630intermsofcontentandprogramrequirements/pre-requisites

CS2630ComputerOrganization

Meeting4:IntrotoArchitecture(specifically,MIPS)BrandonMyers

UniversityofIowa

Wherewearegoing

Instructionsetarchitecture(e.g.,MIPS)

Compiler

Memorysystem I/OsystemProcessor

Datapath &Control

Digitallogic

translatingsourcecode(CorJava)ProgramstoassemblylanguageAndlinkingyourcodetoLibrarycode

HowthesoftwaretalksTothehardware

HowaprocessorrunsMIPSPrograms!

Howswitches(1or0)canbeusedtobuildInterestingfunctions:fromintegerarithmetictoprogrammablecomputers

Wherewearegoing

Instructionmemory

Executionengine

Datamemory

NEXTwhatgetsstoredinhere

Learnedsomebitwiseoperations

Learnedhowbitsareorganizedinmemory

Wherewearegoing

Instructionsetarchitecture(e.g.,MIPS)

Compiler

Memorysystem I/OsystemProcessor

Datapath &Control

Digitallogic

translatingsourcecode(CorJava)ProgramstoassemblylanguageAndlinkingyourcodetoLibrarycode

HowthesoftwaretalksTothehardware

HowaprocessorrunsMIPSPrograms!

Howswitches(1or0)canbeusedtobuildInterestingfunctions:fromintegerarithmetictoprogrammablecomputers

Representationsofaprogram

Compiler

int x = arr[1];arr[2] = x + 10;

lw $t0, 4($r0)addi $t0, $t0, 10sw $t0, 8($r0)

Assembler

100011100000100000000000000001000010000100001000000000000000101010101110000010000000000000001000

Highlevellanguageprogram(humanreadable)

assemblyprogramastext(CS2630studentreadable)

assemblyprogramasbinary(machinereadable)

Languages• Highlevellanguage(HLL)programsareinstructionsetarchitecture-independent• languageisconvenienttouse• languageishaspowerfulfeatures

• Assemblylanguageprogramsarespecifictoaninstructionsetarchitecture• the“nativelanguage”oftheprocessor• languageisbare-bones:lacksmostofthefeaturesofHLLs

Java,C,Python,Lisp,C++,MATLAB,…

MIPS,ARM,x86,SPARC,Power,

Alpha,…

inthiscourse,theseareallsynonyms• Instructionsetarchitecture• instructionset• ISA• architecture

BriefhistoryofcompatibilitybeforeIBM360– differentarchitectureforeveryprocessor

postIBM360– onearchitectureforallprocessors

Processormodel1slowprocessor,small

memory

Processormodel2mediocreprocessor,mediummemory

Processormodel3fastprocessor,large

memory

my_program.asmversion1

my_program.asmversion2

my_program.asmversion3

my_program.asm

Processor1slowprocessor,small

memory

Processor2mediocreprocessor,mediummemory

Processor3fastprocessor,large

memory

PeerinstructionIwrotemyprograminC(ahighlevellanguage)andcompiledittorunonaMIPSmachine.WhatshouldIdotogetthatprogramtorunonanx86machine?

a) rewritemyCprogramtobecompatiblewithx86b) rewritemyprograminx86assemblylanguagec) recompilemyCprogramforx86d) reassemblemyprogramusingthex86assembler

Languages• Highlevellanguage:usuallyhasvariables,objects,andarrays

• Assemblylanguage:usuallyjusthasregisters andmemory

Memory

Registers

https://library.law.uiowa.edu/history-library

https://library.law.uiowa.edu/history-library

000000040008000C001000140018001C002000240028

memory registers

Themainidea• 4categoriesofinstructions• performanoperationontworegistersandstoreresultinaregister• performanoperationononeregisterandaconstantandstoretheresultinaregister• moveavaluebetweenaregisterandmemory• determinewhichinstructiontoexecutenext

0x0000

r0 <- M[address]

M[address] <- r0

r1 <- r0 + constant

r2 <- r1 + r0Registertransferlanguage• 4categoriesofinstructions• performanoperationontworegistersandstoreresultinaregister• performanoperationononeregisterandaconstantandstoretheresultinaregister• moveavaluebetweenaregisterandmemory• determinewhichinstructiontoexecutenext

(later!)

Exampleassemblyprogram

0-14501

address0x00x40x80xC

r0

r1

r2

MEMORYREGISTERS

a = x + y - z

axyz

highlevel Peerinstruction:Writeanassemblyprogramusingasequenceofinstructions(useregistertransferlanguage)

Whattodonext• HW1/Quiz1duetonight• ReadingsuponarchitectureandMIPS• HW2/Quiz2upbytomorrow,dueFeb2• InstallMARSontheresourcespageofthewebsite,you’lluseitinHW2• WatchMARSvideos1&2ontheModulespage

• cometodebugyourbraintonight