9th grade final exam

Study guide

Health Triangle

• 3 aspects of health

• Physical

• Mental/Emotional

• Social

Life Expectency

• How long a person is expected to live based on their lifestyle

• Ex. If a person practices a healthy lifestyle and watches their diet and exercises then they are expected to live longer than someone who does not

Risk Factors

• Are factors associated with ill health, disease or death

• Ex. = poor diet, lack of exercise, smoking, alcohol, etc.

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

• In order for a preson to meet their full potential or reach self-actualization, they first must have their basic needs met of food, shelter and safety

Self Esteem

• Confidence and worth you feel about yourself

Stress Response

• The fight or flight response is an innate response to stress - the inborn response prepares the body to “fight” or “flee” from a perceived attack, harm, or threat to survival

Trauma

• PTSD = post traumatic stress disorder - stems from a personal tragedy, a natural disaster or other overwhelming life experience. It can shatter a sense of security, feelings of vulnerability, helplessness and even make a person feel numb.

Bi-polar Disorder

• More sever than your normal ups/downs a person may experience in daily living

• This is most severe and a person experiences extreme highs (manic) and extreme lows (depression), affects every day living

Depression

• Emptiness and despair take a hold and won’t go away making it difficult to function and enjoy life

OCD

• Obsessive compulsive disorder

• An anxiety disorder characterized by uncontrollable, unwanted thoughts and ritualized behavior you feel compared to perform

• Ex. Excessive hand washing

Resilient

• Being able to adapt effectively and recovery from disappointment, difficulty or crisis

Psychiatrist

• A medical doctor who treats mental and emotional disorders

• This is the ONLY mental health professional who can write a prescription for medications

Psychologist

• A mental health professional who provides one on one talk therapy to a patient

• Cannot prescribe medication

Social Worker

• A health care professional who provides the link between the medical center, the patient and their family

Schizophrenia

• A condition where a person may see or hear things that don’t exist, confused thoughts and feel like others are going to harm them and/or they are being watched

Panic Attack

• Anxiety disorder that can resemble a heart attack

• Symptoms - chest pain, shortness of breath, sweating, dizziness, etc.

Atrium

• The 2 upper chambers of the heart.

Atherosclerosis

• Hardening of the arteries due to plaque buildup inside the arteries

Ventricle

• The 2 lower chambers of the heart

Capillaries

• The smallest blood vessels, which are closest to the skin surface and connect the arteries and the veins

Arteries

• Blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the tissues of the body

Veins

• Blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart

Valves – ADD TO YOUR PACKET

• Flaps in the heart (one-way valves) that open/close to let the blood into the chambers of the heart

Septum

• Muscular tissue that separates the 2 sides of the heart. It prevents blood from crossing one side of the heart to the other

Pulmonary

• Of or relating to, affecting or occurring in the lungs

• Pulmonary circulation - carries oxygen depleted blood away from the heart to lungs to pick up oxygen and return to the heart

Nicotine

• A substance found in tobacco which smokers become addicted to

Tar

• Brown, tacky substance found in cigarettes which causes cancer

Cardiologist

• A medical doctor who treats heart disease

Hypertension

• High blood pressure

• Normal reading 120/80

• Higher # is pressure when heart contracts

• Lower # is pressure when heart relaxes

Angina Pectoris

• Chest pain due to coronary heart disease

Heart Attack

• When blood flow that brings oxygen to the heart is severely reduced or cut off completely

Stroke

• When a blood vessel weakens and ruptures and bleeds into the surrounding brain

Carcinogen

• A substance which causes cancer

• Usually found in cigarettes, but can also be found in plastics

• Ex. Plastic water bottles left in the sun

Congenital

• Conditions that are present @ birth

• Can be inherited or caused by environmental factors

Thrombosis

• Blood clot or clots in a blood vessel

Tolerance

• When your body gets used to a medication or substance and you no longer get the same affect, so you have to increase the amount to get the original affect

Physical Addiction

• Being physically dependent on a substance because you cannot stop from taking it, there will also be withdrawal symptoms if you try to stop

Psychological Addiction

• When a persons whole life revolves around a substance and they become compulsive about it

• Loss of control

• Think about it constantly, how to get it, using it and when the next fix will be

Withdrawal

• Distress and cravings that occur after use of some addictive drugs when reduced or stopped

Narcotics

• An illegal drug or other substance that affects mood or behavior and sold for non-medical purposes

THC – ADD TO YOUR PACKET

• The active ingredient in marijuana which causes the “high”

Stimulants

• Speeds up the CNS (Central Nervous System)

• Increases activity, interest and enthusiasm

Depressants

• Slows down the CNS

• Promotes drowsiness, relaxation and decreased inhibitions

Hallucinogens

• Cause hallucinations - profound distortions in a person’s perceptions of reality

Binge Drinking

• Heavy period of drinking with the primary intention of becoming intoxicated quickly

Carbon Monoxide

• A colorless, odorless poisonous gas in cigarettes

Passive Smoke = AKA = Environment Tobacco Smoke

• Second hand smoke

• Inhaled by non-smokers

• Can cause lung cancer

Alcoholism

• Being dependent on alcohol

• A strong need or compulsion to drink

• Symptoms include:

• Drinking alone and often

• Blackouts

• Preoccupation with alcohol

Metabolism

• The amount of energy (calories) your body burns to maintain itself

SHORT ANSWERSTreatment Therapies

• Psychotherapy = talk therapy

• Medications

• Hospitalizations or residential programs

• Electroconvulsive therapy = shock therapy

OTC

• Over the counter - can be purchased over the counter without a prescription

PRESCRIPTION• Cannot be purchased without a doctor’s

prescription

Prevention of CVD = cardiovascular disease

• Diet

• Exercise

• Reduce salt intake

• Yearly exam by doctor

• Reduce stress

SAFE

• S = stay calm

• A = ask questions

• F = find out feelings

• E = exchange ideas for solution

• Process used to communicate effectively with an abuser

Emotional Abuse

• When a dating partner is experiencing a psychological rather than physical abuse

• Ex. Criticizing partner

Physical Abuse

• Physical harm

• Hitting

• Biting

• Pinching

• Rape

Help a friend in abusive relationship

• Talk to friend

• Tell an adult you trust

• Get help

• Call hotline #

FDA – ADD TO YOUR PACKET

• Food and Drug Administration

• A federal agency that regulates medicines

Make sure you study!

• I would like to thank each and every one of you for being such wonderful students! I had a terrific time teaching you and you taught me a lot about being a teacher.

• Have a SAFE and AWESOME summer!

• Sincerely, Ms(z). Fohr