9.ATOD.1.4

Explain intravenous drug use and the possible risks

Review common bloodborne diseases and possible complications

List ways to reduce risks associated with intravenous drug use

Injection of a substance into a vein using a needle and syringeThe problem:The problem:Potential exposure to bloodborne pathogens from shared needles, syringes, and other drug injection paraphernalia

Includes drugs like cocaine, heroin, methamphetamine, and steroids

Microorganisms found in human blood that are “pathogenic” (are capable of causing disease in humans).

These pathogens include hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C (HBC), and

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

HIV, HBV, and HBC are viruses which can be transmitted through different modes, including IV drug use.

Following are some effects of these bloodborne pathogens…

Short-term Loss of appetite Malaise (feeling of ill-health)

Fatigue (feeling tired all the time)

Nausea and vomiting Abdominal pain Dark urine Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes)

Long-term Infection Cirrhosis (scarring) of the liver

Liver cancer Liver failure Death

Short-term Loss of appetite Malaise (feeling of ill-health)

Fatigue (feeling tired all the time)

Nausea and vomiting Abdominal pain Dark urine Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes)

Long-term Infection Cirrhosis (scarring) of the liver

Liver cancer Liver failure Death

Rapid weight loss Dry cough Recurring fever or profuse night sweats Profound and unexplained fatigue Swollen lymph glands in the armpits, groin, or neck

Diarrhea that lasts for more than a week White spots or unusual blemishes on the tongue, in the mouth, or in the throat

Pneumonia Red, brown, pink, or purplish blotches on or under the skin or inside the mouth, nose, or eyelids

Memory loss, depression, and other neurological disorders Death

Don’t use injection drugs (except for prescribed medication).

Don’t share needles, syringes or “works.”

Educate others about the risks associated with intravenous drugs.

Become an advocate for others in your community.