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9/26 Focus: The Phoenicians spread ideas throughout the Mediterranean and they are credited with starting the modern alphabet. The Persians formed one of the largest and best governed empires in the ancient world and made great cultural achievements. Do Now: - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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• 9/26 Focus:9/26 Focus:– The Phoenicians spread ideas
throughout the Mediterranean and they are credited with starting the modern alphabet.
– The Persians formed one of the largest and best governed empires in the ancient world and made great cultural achievements.
• Do Now:Do Now:– Explain how the geographic location of a
group of people might influence their culture.
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ReviewReview
• Where did the Hittites originally Where did the Hittites originally come from?come from?
• What technological development What technological development made them a powerful military force?made them a powerful military force?
• Why were the Assyrians hated by the Why were the Assyrians hated by the people they conquered?people they conquered?
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The Chaldeans The Phoenicians
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Nebuchadnezzar IINebuchadnezzar II
• Chaldean king who rebuilt the Babylonian empire– Took over the
southern and western Assyrian empire after that empire collapsed
– Neo-Babylonian Empire
– Captured Jerusalem and sent many Jews back to Babylon as slaves
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Nebuchadnezzar II
• Made Babylon one of greatest cities of that time
• Ancient writers claim that he constructed the Hanging Gardens of Babylon– One of the seven
wonders of the ancient world
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Artists rendition of what the Hanging Gardens may have looked like
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PhoeniciansPhoenicians
• Lived in along the coast of modern day Lebanon • Mountainous terrain
made it difficult to farm• They became expert
sailors • Established trade
routes and trading colonies throughout the Mediterranean – Carthage in North
Africa was one the largest colonies
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Phoenicians Phoenicians
• “The Carriers of Civilization”– Spread ideas,
technology, customs from the Middle East through the Mediterranean as they traded
• Created the Alphabet
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How far did the Phoenicians sail?
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The Greek historian, Herodotus claimed that the Phoenicians had circumnavigated Africa
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Some theorize that the Phoenicians may have even made it to the Americas. This is theory is generally
not accepted.
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Persians
• Cyrus the Great– 559-529 BCE– Established the
Persian Empire • Extended from N.
Africa to India• Allowed people to
keep their customs
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Persians• Darius the Great– 522-486 BCE– Established large
network of roads• The Royal Road
– Created postal system – Used a single currency – Appointed governors
to run sections of the empire• Called Satraps
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Persians
• Zoroastrianism – Based on the
teachings of Zoroaster• Monotheistic Religion
– Belief in one god – God was named Ahura
Mazada
• Good actions and thoughts lead to immortality
• Tolerant of other religions
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Closure
• What legendary achievement did Nebuchadnezzar construct in Babylon?
• Why did the Phoenicians focus on trade by sea for their livelihood?
• Why were the Phoenicians known as carriers of civilization?