8.2_ieee 1547 and microgrids_key_epri/snl microgrid symposium
TRANSCRIPT
© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
IEEE 1547 and Microgrids
Tom KeySenior Technical Executive
EPRI
Baltimore, MD
August 30, 2016
2© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
IEEE P1547 WG Meeting at National Grid
Collaboration with All Stakeholders Including Regulatory/Policy Needed
3© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
IEEE 1547 – 2003 DR shall not actively regulate the voltage
at the PCC
DR shall cease to energize if frequency >60.5Hz
Tighter abnormal V/F trip limits and clearance times
IEEE 1547a - 2014 DR may actively participate to regulate
the voltage by changes of real and reactive power
DR shall be permitted to provide modulated power output as a function of frequency
Much wider optional V & F trip limits and clearance times
Under mutual agreement between the EPS and DR operators, other static or dynamic frequency and clearing time trip settings shall be permitted.
Smart Inverters: Adjusting to the Times…
Straighforward… Unknown…
VoltageManagement
BulkSystemSupport
Comm. & Interactivity
4© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Background on Interconnection Requirements for DER
2005
2011
FERC SGIP (Small Generator Interconnection Procedure)
IEEE 1547-2003
2003
2000California Rule 21, IEEE1547 project
Updated California Rule 21(consistent with IEEE 1547-2003)
IEEE 1547a-20142014
2015
2016
Updated California Rule 21(goes far beyond IEEE 1547a-2014)
2018IEEE 1547rev-
20xx
Revisions in IEEE 1547a-2014: Allows DER1 to support voltage
via real/reactive power Permits frequency/watt functions Optional widening of trip limits and
clearance times Dynamic trip limits now allowed
Refine in IEEE 1547rev-20xx: Ride-through Voltage Support Communication/Control Anti-islanding detection
1 distributed energy resources
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We have well defined grid support functions
Remote ON/OFFPower Factor ControlVolt / varVolt / WattFrequency /WattReactive Power ControlLow/ High Voltage and Frequency Ride ThroughPower Curtailment
Go to www.epri.com and search 3002002233
IEC 61850-90-7 IEC 61850 Object Models for Photovoltaic, Storage, and Other DER inverters Draft Version 10a
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Theory: Generation Should Have Ride-Through Capability
Source: EPRI, Common Functions for Smart Inverters, Version 3, 3002002233, Feb 2014
VoltageManagement
BulkSystemSupport
Comm. & Interactivity
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Inverter Settings are CriticalVarying Impacts Based Upon Settings Chosen
% A
vaila
ble
Vars
% voltage
Unity Power Factor
% A
vaila
ble
Vars
% voltage
100%
0.95
1.05
-100%
1.0V
% A
vaila
ble
Vars
% voltage
100%
0.99
1.01
-100%
1.0
Reac
tive
Pow
er
Active Power
Constant Power Factor (absorbing)
Volt-var 1
Volt-var 2
1
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540
PV Te
rmin
al V
olta
ge (p
u)
Time (seconds)
1
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540
PV Te
rmin
al V
olta
ge (p
u)
Time (seconds)
Unity Power Factor
Volt-var 1
Volt-var 2
Constant power factor (absorbing)
1
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540
PV Te
rmin
al V
olta
ge (p
u)
Time (seconds)
1
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540
PV Te
rmin
al V
olta
ge (p
u)
Time (seconds)
If wrong set points are used, adverse impactscan occur
0
0.5
1
PV A
ctive
Po
wer
VoltageManagement
BulkSystemSupport
Comm. & Interactivity
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Daily Energy and Voltage Profile at one Customer
Solar Rooftop PVSolar Rooftop PV
With volt/var control
Primary Voltage
0.9
0.925
0.95
0.975
1
1.025
1.05
0 4 8 12 16 20
Hour
Vol
tage
(pu)
Baseline – No PV
20% PV20% PV with volt/var control
Customer Load Customer PV
VARs
Gen
erat
ed Capacitive
Inductive
System Voltage
V1 V2 V3V4
Q1
Q4
Q3Q2
Volt-Var Control
24 Hour Simulation
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PV without Smart Inverter Control PV with Smart Inverter Control
2500 cases shownEach point = highest primary voltage
ANSI voltage limit
ANSI voltage limit
Increasing penetration (kW)
Max
imum
Fee
der V
olta
ge (p
u)
Max
imum
Fee
der V
olta
ges
(pu)
Increasing penetration (kW)
No observable violations regardless of PV size/location
Possible violations based upon PV size/location
Observable violations occur regardless of size/location
Minimum Hosting CapacityMaximum Hosting Capacity
Minimum Hosting CapacityMax Hosting Capacity
Theory: Inverter grid support makes a big difference….reality is settings are critical
VoltageManagement
BulkSystemSupport
Comm. & Interactivity
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Architecture for DER Integration
DERMS
SOLAR BATTERY PEV
MDMS OMS
Enterprise Integration
GIS Etc.
DRASDMS
DERMS = Distributed Energy Resource Management System
AD
MS
GAP Area
Maturing, Well Defined Interfaces
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Summary IEEE P1547 Full Revision as of June 28, 2016
Voltage regulation – near completion Under- and Over-voltage and frequency ride through – near
completion Power Quality (harmonics, flicker, TOV) – near completion? Communication (monitoring and control) – need additional
work Interoperability – need additional work Unintentional islanding prevention – need additional work Microgrid – early stage Interconnection test requirements – early stage Simulation and modeling data requirements – early stage
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Together…Shaping the Future of Electricity
Contact:
Tom Key, EPRI Knoxville, TN
865-218-8082
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Knoxville House PV/Load: 1-Minute Data
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Grid Provides Balancing without Battery – For example the Zero Energy House