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Atoms and ElementsAtoms and Elements

W Richards

Worthing High School

04/08/23

AtomsAtomsAtoms are the “building blocks” of all matter and are the simplest form of molecule. They are all made up of protons, neutrons and electrons. They look something like this:

The Nucleus – this contains neutrons and protons

Electrons – these orbit around the nucleus

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ElementsElementsIf a solid, liquid or gas is made up of only one type of atom we say it is an element. For example, consider a tripod made up of iron:

These atoms are ALL iron – there’s

nothing else in here

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CompoundsCompoundsCompounds are different to elements. They contain different atoms. Here are some examples:

Glucose

Methane

Sodium chloride (salt)

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Some simple Some simple compounds…compounds…

Methane, CH4 Water, H2O

Carbon dioxide, CO2

Ethyne, C2H2Sulphuric

acid, H2SO4

Key

Hydrogen

Oxygen

Carbon

Sulphur

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Elements and symbols Elements and symbols that you should know:that you should know:

Part 1 – The obvious ones:

1) Hydrogen

2) Helium

3) Lithium

4) Beryllium

5) Boron

6) Carbon

7) Nitrogen

8) Oxygen

9) Fluorine

10)Neon

11)Magnesium

12)Aluminium

13)Silicon

14)Phosphorus

H

He

Li

Be

B

C

N

O

F

Ne

Mg

Al

Si

P

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Some more obvious ones:15)Sulphur

16)Chlorine

17)Argon

18) Calcium

19) Zinc

The less obvious ones:1) Sodium

2) Potassium

3) Iron

4) Copper

5) Silver

6) Tin

7) Gold

8) Mercury

9) Lead

S

Cl

Ar

Ca

Zn

Na

K

Fe

Cu

Ag

Sn

Au

Hg

Pb