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Ecological Ecological RelationshipsRelationships

Please note – some of the animation effects used here only work in PP XP

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EcosystemsEcosystems“Ecosystem” is a term used to describe all of the organisms living together as a community in a particular habitat.

Ecosystems are constantly changing:

Changes in ecosystems

Changes in population

due to predation, disease etc

Human interference

Physical changes (e.g. temperature

change)

Pollution

Changes in soil conditions

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Classification of PlantsClassification of PlantsWe all know that there are many different types of plants, so how do we classify them?

12/04/23Taking samples of an Taking samples of an ecosystemecosystem

Using different “sampling techniques” we can measure changes in an ecosystem. The two main measurements are:

1)The physical conditions of a habitat (temperature etc)

2)The populations of different species in that habitatSome common ways of measuring…

Measuring temp, pH

etc

Taking animal samples

Help!

Taking samples using

quadrats

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Food chainsFood chains

A food chain shows where the energy goes in a food chain (in other words, “what gets eaten by what”):

Cabbage

Rabbit Stoat Fox

The arrows indicate where the energy is going

Plants convert the sun’s energy into

food

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Pyramids of numberPyramids of numberIn this food chain we can see that the number of organisms in each stage is less than in the previous stage:

Cabbage

Rabbit Stoat Fox

We can draw a “Pyramid of Numbers” to show this pattern:

Lots of cabbages

Some rabbits

A few stoats

One fox

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““Funny looking” pyramidsFunny looking” pyramidsConsider this food chain instead:

Tree Greenfly Ladybird

Bird

ONE tree

Many greenfly

Some ladybirds

One bird