Ch. E-403 Chemical Engineering Plant Design

Chemical Engineering Plant DesignCHE 441

Dr. Asim Laeeq KhanAssistant ProfessorEmail: alaeeqkhan@ciitlahore.edu.pk

1Materials Transfer EquipmentFlow metersTanks & Vessels2Material Transferring UnitsPumps and PipesConveyers, fans, blowers, compressorsSelection of the most suitable means of transferSpecifications of the equipment3Piping in Process Industry4Piping in Process IndustryCommonly used schedule No. 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140, 160Standard PipeExtra-strong pipeNominal pipe diameter Standard sizes Wall thickness independentPipe auxiliaries Low pressure (25 psi) Standard (125 psi) Heavy (250 psi)

5Design of Piping SystemChoice of materials and sizesEffect of temperature InsulationThermal expansion Freezing or solidification of fluid Exposure to physical and thermal shocks (Water hammering)Supports (Under ground or racks)Maintenance and inspectionEase of installation6Pipe Sizing7

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Costs for Piping systemsMajor cost itemup to 80% of purchased equipment up to 20% of fixed capital costsMethods for cost calculations Percentage of purchased equipment costsMaterial and labor take off method910

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Costs for Piping systemsLabor costsFabrication costsDiameter-inch method (Total number of fittings x nominal pipe dia) x man-hr/dia-inch

13Friction factorsImportant in calculating power requirementsFactors affecting friction losses Velocity of fluid Density of fluid Viscosity of fluid Pipe diameter Pipe length Pipe roughnessFunction of relative roughness and ReFriction factors due to pipe fittings, flow-meters etc1415

Flow measuring equipmentMajor flow measurement equipment Orifice meter Venturi meter Rotameter OthersFactors to be considered in selection of flow meters Costs Pressure drop

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Flow measuring equipment17

Flow measuring equipmentCoefficient of Discharge for Orifice meters Fluid systems ratio of diameters

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Tanks & Pressure vesselsShape of vesselsCylindricalSpherical RectangularMaterial of constructionDesign considerationsWall thickness Tensile strength Operating pressureJoint/welding efficiencyDiameter of tankFluid properties Operating conditionsOpenings Codes for pressure vessels

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Tanks & Pressure vessels20

Costs of tanks and vesselsTanks & Pressure vessels21Costs of agitators