201102 - under-ground piping for mechanical, plumbing … · under-ground piping for mechanical,...

IBI Group Project No. 25ST150568 201102 – 1 Issued: 04-24-17 (EP Site & Foundations Revision No. 0 90% Owner Review)

SECTION 201102

UNDER-GROUND PIPING FOR MECHANICAL, PLUMBING AND FIRE SUPPRESSION

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS

A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions and Division 01 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.

B. This Section is intended to replace the under-ground piping portions of the following AIA Sections:

1. Section 211100 “Facility Fire-Suppression Water-Service Piping” 2. Section 221113 “ Facility Water Distribution Piping” 3. Section 221313 “Facility Sanitary Sewers” 4. Section 221316 “Sanitary Waste and Vent Piping ” 5. Section 221413 “Facility Storm Drainage Piping” 6. Section 231113 “Facility Fuel-Oil Piping” 7. Section 231123 “Facility Natural-Gas Piping” 8. Section 231126 “Facility Liquefied-Petroleum Gas Piping” 9. Section 232113.13 “Underground Hydronic Piping” 10. Section 232213 “Steam and Condensate Heating Piping”

1.2 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes pipe and fitting materials and joining methods for the following under-ground services:

1. Fire suppression piping. 2. Domestic water piping. 3. Sanitary waste and vent piping. 4. Storm drainage piping. 5. Hot-water heating piping. 6. Chilled-water piping. 7. Condenser-water piping. 8. Steam and condensate piping. 9. Natural-gas piping. 10. Fuel-oil piping. 11. Liquefied-petroleum piping. 12. Compressed-air piping. 13. Industrial waste piping. 14. Sub-soil drainage piping.


B. Related Sections:

1. Section 226600 "Chemical-Waste Systems and Piping" for chemical and acid-waste and vent piping systems.

2. Section 226000 “Gas and Vacuum Systems and Piping for Laboratory and Healthcare Facilities” for medical and laboratory gas and vacuum piping systems.

3. Section 334100 "Storm Utility Drainage Piping" for storm drainage piping outside the building.

C. Utility-furnished products include utility meters that will be furnished to the site, ready for installation.

1.3 DEFINITIONS

A. ABS: Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene plastic.

B. HDPE: High-density polyethylene plastic.

C. LLDPE: Linear, low-density polyethylene plastic.

D. LPG: Liquefied-petroleum gas.

E. PE: Polyethylene plastic.

F. PP: Polypropylene plastic.

G. PVC: Polyvinyl chloride plastic.

H. RTRF: Reinforced thermosetting resin (fiberglass) fittings.

I. RTRP: Reinforced thermosetting resin (fiberglass) pipe.

1.4 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS

A. Seismic Performance: Vaporizers and storage container supports shall withstand the effects of earthquake motions determined according to SEI/ASCE 7.

B. Fire Protection piping components and installation shall be capable of withstanding the following working pressures:

1. High-Pressure Sprinkler Piping: Sprinkler system piping designed to operate at working pressure higher than standard 175 psig (1200 kPa), but not higher than 300 psig (2070 kPa).

2. Standard-Pressure Sprinkler Piping: Sprinkler system piping designed to operate at working pressure of 175-psig (1200-kPa) maximum.

C. Domestic piping components and installation shall be capable of withstanding the minimum working pressure and temperature equal to the pressure of the piping system to which it is attached.


D. Hydronic piping components and installation shall be capable of withstanding the minimum working pressure and temperature equal to the pressure of the piping system to which it is attached.

E. Natural-gas piping components and installation shall be capable of 100 psig (690 kPa) minimum operating-pressure unless otherwise indicated.

F. Facility fuel-oil piping components and installation shall be capable of withstanding a maximum operating pressure rating of 3-psig (21-kPa) at oil fired appliances.

G. Liquefied-petroleum piping components and installation shall have the following pressure ratings:

1. For Piping Containing Only Vapor:

a. Piping and Valves: 125 psig (862 kPa) unless otherwise indicated.

2. For Piping Containing Liquid:

a. Piping between Shutoff Valves: 350 psig (2413 kPa) unless otherwise indicated. b. Piping Other Than Above: 250 psig (1723 kPa) unless otherwise indicated. c. Valves and Fittings: 250 psig (1723 kPa) unless otherwise indicated.

3. Minimum Operating Pressure of Service Meter: 5 psig (34.5 kPa). 4. LPG System Pressures within Buildings: Three pressure ranges. Primary pressure is more

than 2 psig (13.8 kPa) but not more than 5 psig (34.5 kPa) and is reduced to secondary pressures of more than 0.5 psig (3.45 kPa) but not more than 2 psig (13.8 kPa) and is reduced again to pressures of 0.5 psig (3.45 kPa) or less.

1.5 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: For each type of product.

1. Include rated capacities, operating characteristics, electrical characteristics, and furnished specialties and accessories.

B. LEED Submittals:

1. Product Data for Credit IEQ 4.1: For solvent cements and adhesive primers, documentation including printed statement of VOC content.

2. Laboratory Test Reports for Credit IEQ 4: For solvent cements and adhesive primers, documentation indicating that products comply with the testing and product requirements of the California Department of Health Services' "Standard Practice for the Testing of Volatile Organic Emissions from Various Sources Using Small-Scale Environmental Chambers."

C. Shop Drawings: Detail, at 1/4 (1:50) scale, the piping layout, fabrication of pipe anchors, hangers, supports for multiple pipes, alignment guides, expansion joints and loops, and attachments of the same to the building structure. Detail location of anchors, alignment guides, and expansion joints and loops.


D. Shop Drawings: For facility LPG piping layout. Include plans, piping layout and elevations, sections, and details for fabrication of pipe anchors, hangers, supports for multiple pipes, alignment guides, expansion joints and loops, and attachments of the same to building structure. Detail location of anchors, alignment guides, and expansion joints and loops.

E. Operation and Maintenance Data: For air control devices, piping specialties and accessories, and special-duty valves to include in emergency, operation, and maintenance manuals.

F. For Domestic Water Systems: System purging and disinfecting activities report.

1.6 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Installer Qualifications:

1. Installers of Pressure-Sealed Joints: Installers shall be certified by the pressure-seal joint manufacturer as having been trained and qualified to join piping with pressure-seal pipe couplings and fittings.

2. Fiberglass Pipe and Fitting Installers: Installers of RTRF and RTRP shall be certified by the manufacturer of pipes and fittings as having been trained and qualified to join fiberglass piping with manufacturer-recommended adhesive.

B. Welding: Qualify processes and operators according to ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code: Section IX.

1. Comply with provisions in ASME B31 Series, "Code for Pressure Piping." 2. Certify that each welder has passed AWS qualification tests for welding processes

involved and that certification is current.

C. ASME Compliance: Comply with ASME B31.9, "Building Services Piping," for materials, products, and installation.

D. Safety valves and pressure vessels shall bear the appropriate ASME label.

E. Fabricate and stamp air separators and expansion tanks to comply with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code: Section VIII, Division 1.

1.7 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING FOR LPG PIPING

A. Handling Flammable Liquids: Remove and dispose of liquids from existing LPG piping according to requirements of authorities having jurisdiction.

B. Deliver pipes and tubes with factory-applied end caps. Maintain end caps through shipping, storage, and handling to prevent pipe end damage and to prevent entrance of dirt, debris, and moisture.

C. Do not store plastic manholes, pipe, and fittings in direct sunlight.

D. Protect pipe, pipe fittings, and seals from dirt and damage.

E. Handle manholes according to manufacturer's written rigging instructions.


1.8 PROJECT CONDITIONS

A. Interruption of Existing LPG Service: Do not interrupt LPG service to facilities occupied by Owner or others unless permitted under the following conditions and then only after arranging to provide purging and startup of LPG supply according to requirements indicated:

1. Notify Owner no fewer than seven days in advance of proposed interruption of LPG service.

2. Do not proceed with interruption of LPG service without Owner's written permission.

B. Interruption of Existing Plumbing Service: Do not interrupt sanitary, waste and water service to facilities occupied by Owner or others unless permitted under the following conditions and then only after arranging to provide temporary water service according to requirements indicated:

1. Notify Owner no fewer than seven days in advance of proposed interruption of water service.

2. Do not interrupt water service without Owner's written permission.

C. Interruption of Existing Compressed-Air Service: Do not interrupt compressed-air service to facilities occupied by Owner or others unless permitted under the following conditions and then only after arranging to provide temporary compressed-air service according to requirements indicated:

1. Notify Owner no fewer than two days in advance of proposed interruption of compressed-air service.

2. Do not proceed with interruption of compressed-air service without Owner's written permission.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 ABS PIPE AND FITTINGS

A. Solid-Wall ABS Pipe: ASTM D 2661, Schedule 40.

B. Cellular-Core ABS Pipe: ASTM F 628, Schedule 40.

C. ABS Socket Fittings: ASTM D 2661, made to ASTM D 3311, drain, waste, and vent patterns.

D. Solvent Cement: ASTM D 2235.

1. ABS solvent cement shall have a VOC content of 325 g/L or less when calculated according to 40 CFR 59, Subpart D (EPA Method 24).

2. Solvent cement shall comply with the testing and product requirements of the California Department of Health Services' "Standard Practice for the Testing of Volatile Organic Emissions from Various Sources Using Small-Scale Environmental Chambers."


E. Blue ABS Piping System: Made of ASTM D 3965, ABS-resin modified to provide shatter-resistant pipe for compressed-air service. Pipe and fittings are light blue and sizes are in millimeters.

1. Manufacturers: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide products by one of the following:

a. IPEX b. Or Approved Equal

2. Transition Fittings, 20 to 63 mm: Composite union with ABS socket end, CR O-ring, and malleable-iron union nut and threaded end; with construction similar to MSS SP-107, transition union.

3. Transition Fittings, 90 to 110 mm: Flange assembly with ABS flange, CR gasket, and metal flange of material matching piping to be connected.

4. Valves, 20 to 63 mm: ABS union ball valve with socket ends. 5. Valves, 90 to 110 mm: ABS butterfly valve with lever handle.

F. Green ABS Piping System: Made of ASTM D 3965, ABS-resin modified to provide shatter-resistant pipe for compressed-air service. Pipe and fittings are dark green with SDR of 9.0 and same OD as ASTM A 53/A 53M, steel pipe.


a. NIBCO b. Or Approved Equal

2. Transition Fittings, NPS 1/2 to NPS 2 (DN 15 to DN 50): Composite union with ABS socket end, CR O-ring, ABS union nut, and brass solder-joint end; with construction similar to MSS SP-107, transition union.

3. Transition Fittings, NPS 2-1/2 to NPS 4 (DN 65 to DN 100): ABS flange, CR gasket, and metal flange of material matching piping to be connected.

4. Valves, NPS 1/2 to NPS 2 (DN 15 to DN 50): Union ball valve with socket ends. 5. Valves, NPS 2-1/2 to NPS 4 (DN 65 to DN 100): Union ball valve with flanged ends.

Include safety exhaust feature in Part 3 "Valve Applications" Article if required.

2.2 CAST-IRON SOIL PIPE AND FITTINGS – HUB-AND-SPIGOT

A. Pipe and Fittings: ASTM A 74, Service and Extra Heavy classes.

B. Gaskets: ASTM C 564, rubber.

C. Calking Materials: ASTM B 29, pure lead and oakum or hemp fiber.

2.3 CAST-IRON SOIL PIPE AND FITTINGS – HUBLESS

A. Pipe and Fittings: ASTM A 888 or CISPI 301.


B. CISPI, Hubless-Piping Couplings:


a. Charlotte Pipe b. MIFAB c. ANACO-Husky d. Tyler Pipe e. Or Approved Equal

2. Standards: ASTM C 1277 and CISPI 310. 3. Description: Stainless-steel corrugated shield with stainless-steel bands and tightening

devices; and ASTM C 564, rubber sleeve with integral, center pipe stop.

C. Heavy-Duty, Hubless-Piping Couplings:


a. Charlotte Pipe b. MIFAB c. ANACO-Husky d. Tyler Pipe e. Or Approved Equal

2. Standards: ASTM C 1277 and ASTM C 1540. 3. Description: Stainless-steel shield with stainless-steel bands and tightening devices; and

ASTM C 564, rubber sleeve with integral, center pipe stop.

D. Cast-Iron, Hubless-Piping Couplings:


a. Charlotte Pipe b. MG Piping Products c. Or Approved Equal

2. Standard: ASTM C 1277. 3. Description: Two-piece ASTM A 48/A 48M, cast-iron housing; stainless-steel bolts and

nuts; and ASTM C 564, rubber sleeve with integral, center pipe stop.

2.4 COPPER TUBE AND FITTINGS

A. Drawn-Temper Copper Tubing: ASTM B 88, Type K (ASTM B 88M, Type A) water tube.

B. Annealed-Temper Copper Tubing: ASTM B 88, Type K (ASTM B 88M, Type A) water tube.

C. DWV Copper Tubing: ASTM B 306, Type DWV, drawn temper.


D. Brazing Filler Metals: AWS A5.8/A5.8M, BCuP Series, copper-phosphorus alloys for general-duty brazing unless otherwise indicated.

E. Copper Drainage Fittings: ASME B16.23, cast copper or ASME B16.29, wrought copper, solder-joint fittings.

F. Cast-Copper, Solder-Joint Fittings: ASME B16.18 pressure fittings.

G. Wrought-Copper, Solder-Joint Fittings: ASME B16.22, wrought-copper pressure fittings.

H. Copper, Mechanically Formed Tee Option: For forming T-branch on copper water tube.


a. T-drill Industries b. Or Approved Equal

2. Description: Tee formed in copper tube according to ASTM F 2014.

I. Copper-Tube, Extruded-Tee Connections:


a. T-DRILL Industries b. Or Approved Equal

2. Description: Tee formed in copper tube according to ASTM F 2014.

2.5 FIBERGLASS PIPE AND FITTINGS

A. AWWA RTRP: AWWA C950, Class 150, Class 200, and Class 250, Type I or II, Grade 1, epoxy or Grade 2, polyester, with bell-and-spigot ends for bonded joints. Liner is optional, unless otherwise indicated. Include FMG approval if used for fire-service mains.

1. RTRF: AWWA C950, similar to pipe in material, pressure class, and joining method.

B. UL RTRP: UL 1713, Class 150, Class 200, and Class 250, with bell-and-spigot ends with gasket or seal for gasketed joints. Liner is optional, unless otherwise indicated.

1. RTRF: Similar to pipe in material, pressure class, and joining method.


2.6 FIBERGLASS PIPE AND FITTINGS

A. FRP-Filament wound epoxy (FEP):


a. Ameron Bondstrand b. AO Smith Fiberglass Products Inc. c. Fibercast d. Or Approved Equal

2. Pipe, fittings, connections rated for service with specified corrodents, fluid at minimum 100 psig at 200 deg F, conforming to ASTM D 2996, Type 1/filament wound, Grade 1/ epoxy resin/ Class F or better, minimum 20 mil/ reinforced resin liner, Class E cyclic/physicals or better. [Provide UV resistant surfaces.]

3. Joints: Bell and machined taper spigot or straight socket using manufacturer’s specified for the service adhesive, procedures, including pigging of bore joints. Heat cure [at nominal 250 deg F] each joint during assembly until fully cured.

4. Fittings: Filament wound, hand lay-up, or compression molded rated for not less than specified pressure/temperature service. Saddles not acceptable in lieu of “tee” fittings.

5. Flanges: ANSI Class 150 drilled, flat face, filament wound compression molded.

6. Gaskets: 1/8 inch thick, 60 +/- 5 Shore A Durometer elastomer selected by manufacturer for the corrodents, service.

7. Bolting: Per manufacturer’s installation manual including flat sided SAE washers, torques to suit type flange/gasket assembly. Use ANSI Class 150 drilling steel backing rings of 3/16 thru 5/8 inch (16 inch flg) thickness in lieu of washers for raised face and butterfly valve connections.

B. FRP- Filament wound vinyl ester (FVE):


a. Ameron Bondstrand b. AO Smith Fiberglass Products Inc. c. Fibercast d. Or Approved Equal

2. Pipe, fittings, connections rated for service with specified corrodents, fluid at 100 psig at 200 degF, conforming to ASTM D 2996, Type 1/ filament wound, Grade 1/ vinylester resin/ Class E or better, minimum 24 mil/ reinforced flexibilized resin liner, Class C, cyclic/ physicals or better.

3. Resin: Typical vinyl ester to 180 deg F. Derakane 411, Atlac 580, Heteron 922; above 180 deg F Derakane 470 premium resin.


4. Joints: Bell and machined taper spigot or straight socket, using manufacturer’s specified for the service adhesive, procedures, including pigging of bore joints. Heat cure each joint during assembly until fully cured.


6. Flanges: ANSI Class 150 drilled, flat face or where specified, raised face, filament wound compression molded.


8. Bolting: Per manufacturer’s installation manual including flat sided SAE washers, torques to suit type flange/gasket assembly. Use ANSI Class 150 drilling steel backing rings of 3/16 thru 5/8 inch (16 inch flg) thickness in lieu of washers for raised face and butterfly valve connections.

C. FRP – Centrifugally cast epoxy (CEP):


a. Fibercast b. Or Approved Equal

2. Pipe, fittings, connections rated for service with specified corrosive, fluids at 150 psig at 200 deg F, conforming to ASTM D 2997, Type 2/ centrifugally cast, Grade 1/ epoxy resin/ Class C or better, minimum 50 mil/ unreinforced resin rich flexibile resin liner, Class W, static/ physicals or better. Inspect pipe ends for spider cracks in liner.

3. Joints: Socket, using manufacturer’s specified for the service adhesive, procedures, including pigging of bore joints. Heat-cure each joint during assembly until fully cured.



6. Gaskets: 1/8 inch thick, 60 +/- 5 Shore A Durometer elastomer selected by manufacturer for the corrosive, service.

7. Bolting: Per manufacturer’s installation manual including flat sided SAE washers, torques to suit type flange/ gasket assembly. Use ANSI Class 150 drilling steel backing rings of 3/16 thru 5/8 inch (16 inch flg) thickness in lieu of washers.

D. FRP- Centrifugally cast vinyl ester (CVE):


a. Fibercast


b. Or Approved Equal

2. Pipe, fittings, connections rated for service with specified corrodents, fluid at 150 psig at 175 deg F, conforming to ASTM D 2997, Type 2/ centrifugally cast, Grade 2/ epoxy vinyl ester resin/ Class B or better, minimum 55 mil to maximum 125 mil (10 inch and larger) thick/ unreinforced resin rich flexibilized resin liner, Class W, static/ physicals or better.

3. Resin: Standard vinyl ester. Derakane 411, Atlac 580, Heteron 922. Premium vinyl ester. Derakane 470.

4. Joints: Socket using manufacturer’s specified for the service adhesive, procedures, including inspecting of pipe ends for crazing handling damage, sealing of cut pipe ends with resin rich fill then pigging of bore joints. Heat cure each joint during assembly until fully cured.



7. Gaskets: 1/8 inch thick, 60 +/- 5 Shore A Durometer Viton “B” fluoro-elastomer recommended by manufacturer, DuPont or other, for the corrodents service.

8. Bolting: Per manufacturer’s installation manual including flat faced SAE washers, torques to suit type flange/ gasket assembly. Use ANSI Class 150 drilling steel backing rings of 3/16 thru 5/8 inch (16 inch flange) thickness in lieu of washers for raised face and butterfly valve connections.

E. FRP-Large Diameter - NPS 14 (DN 350) and above:


a. AO Smith Fiberglass Products Inc. b. Fibercast c. Or Approved Equal

2. Pipe, fittings, connections rated for service with specified corrodents, specified corrodents, fluid at [75], [100], [125], [150] psig at [75], [100], [175], deg F, conforming to ASTM D 2996, Type 1/ filament wound, Grade 2/ vinyl ester resin/Class E minimum [20], [125] mil thick reinforced flexibilized resin liner, Class C, minimum cyclic/ physicals or Class W static; better as required by service duty.

3. Resin: Typical vinyl ester to 180 deg F. Derakane 411, Atlac 580, Heteron 922. 4. Joints: [Bell and machined taper spigot] [Plain end with butt, over wrap

reinforcement] [Bell and spigot “o” ring socket] using manufacturer’s specified for the service adhesive, procedures, including pigging of bore of adhesive joints. Heat cure each adhesive joint during assembly until fully cured.


6. Flanges: ANSI Class 150 drilled, flat face, filament wound, hand lay-up, compression molded.



8. O-rings: BUNA N, Neoprene, Viton, EPDM, Silicone, EPT 9. Bolting: Per manufacturer’s installation manual including flat sided SAE or USS wrought

washers, torques to suit type flange/gasket assembly. Use ANSI Class 150 drilling steel backing rings of 3/8 thru 1 1/2 inch thickness in lieu of washers for raised face and butterfly valve connections.

F. Flanges: ASTM D 4024. Full-face gaskets suitable for the service, minimum 1/8-inch (3.2-mm) thick, 60-70 durometer. ASTM A 307, Grade B, hex head bolts with washers.

G. Bonding Adhesive for Fiberglass Piping: As recommended by fiberglass piping manufacturer.

2.7 DUCTILE-IRON PIPE AND FITTINGS – DOMESTIC WATER SERVICE

A. Mechanical-Joint, Ductile-Iron Pipe:

1. AWWA C151/A21.51, with mechanical-joint bell and plain spigot end unless grooved or flanged ends are indicated.

2. Glands, Gaskets, and Bolts: AWWA C111/A21.11, ductile- or gray-iron glands, rubber gaskets, and steel bolts.

B. Standard-Pattern, Mechanical-Joint Fittings:

1. AWWA C110/A21.10, ductile or gray iron. 2. Glands, Gaskets, and Bolts: AWWA C111/A21.11, ductile- or gray-iron glands, rubber

gaskets, and steel bolts.

C. Compact-Pattern, Mechanical-Joint Fittings:

1. AWWA C153/A21.53, ductile iron. 2. Glands, Gaskets, and Bolts: AWWA C111/A21.11, ductile- or gray-iron glands, rubber

gaskets, and steel bolts.

D. Push-on-Joint, Ductile-Iron Pipe:

1. AWWA C151/A21.51. 2. Push-on-joint bell and plain spigot end unless grooved or flanged ends are indicated.

E. Standard-Pattern, Push-on-Joint Fittings:

1. AWWA C110/A21.10, ductile or gray iron. 2. Gaskets: AWWA C111/A21.11, rubber.

F. Compact-Pattern, Push-on-Joint Fittings:

1. AWWA C153/A21.53, ductile iron. 2. Gaskets: AWWA C111/A21.11, rubber.

G. Plain-End, Ductile-Iron Pipe: AWWA C151/A21.51.


H. Appurtenances for Grooved-End, Ductile-Iron Pipe:


a. Shurjoint Piping Products b. Smith-Cooper International c. Star Pipe Products d. Victaulic e. Or Approved Equal

2. Fittings for Grooved-End, Ductile-Iron Pipe: ASTM A 47/A 47M, malleable-iron castings or ASTM A 536, ductile-iron castings with dimensions that match pipe.

3. Mechanical Couplings for Grooved-End, Ductile-Iron-Piping:

a. AWWA C606 for ductile-iron-pipe dimensions. b. Ferrous housing sections. c. EPDM-rubber gaskets suitable for hot and cold water. d. Bolts and nuts. e. Minimum Pressure Rating:

1) NPS 14 to NPS 18 (DN 350 to DN 450): 250 psig (1725 kPa). 2) NPS 20 to NPS 46 (DN 500 to DN 900): 150 psig (1035 kPa).

2.8 DUCTILE-IRON PIPE AND FITTINGS – SANITARY/WASTE/STORM SERVICE

A. Push-on-Joint Piping:

1. Pipe: AWWA C151. 2. Standard Fittings: AWWA C110, ductile or gray iron. 3. Compact Fittings: AWWA C153. 4. Gaskets: AWWA C111, rubber, of shape matching pipe and fittings.

B. Mechanical-Joint Piping:

1. Pipe: AWWA C151, with bolt holes in bell. 2. Standard Fittings: AWWA C110, ductile or gray iron, with bolt holes in bell. 3. Compact Fittings: AWWA C153, with bolt holes in bells. 4. Glands: Cast or ductile iron; with bolt holes and high-strength, cast-iron or high-strength,

low-alloy steel bolts and nuts. 5. Gaskets: AWWA C111, rubber, of shape matching pipe, fittings, and glands.

C. Comply with ASTM C 1173, elastomeric, sleeve-type, reducing or transition coupling; for joining underground nonpressure piping. Include ends of same sizes as piping to be joined and include corrosion-resistant-metal tension band and tightening mechanism on each end.

2.9 DUCTILE-IRON PIPE AND FITTINGS – FIRE SUPPRESSION SERVICE

A. Grooved-Joint, Ductile-Iron Pipe: AWWA C151, with cut, rounded-grooved ends.


B. Mechanical-Joint, Ductile-Iron Pipe: AWWA C151, with mechanical-joint bell and plain spigot end.

C. Push-on-Joint, Ductile-Iron Pipe: AWWA C151, with push-on-joint bell and plain spigot end.

D. Grooved-End, Ductile-Iron Pipe Appurtenances:


a. Shurjoint Piping Products b. Smith-Cooper International c. Star Pipe Products d. Victaulic e. Or Approved Equal

2. Grooved-End, Ductile-Iron Fittings: ASTM A 47/A 47M, malleable-iron castings or ASTM A 536, ductile-iron castings with dimensions matching pipe.

3. Grooved-End, Ductile-Iron-Piping Couplings: AWWA C606, for ductile-iron-pipe dimensions. Include ferrous housing sections, gasket suitable for water, and bolts and nuts.

E. Mechanical-Joint, Ductile-Iron Fittings: AWWA C110, ductile- or gray-iron standard pattern or AWWA C153, ductile-iron compact pattern.

1. Glands, Gaskets, and Bolts: AWWA C111, ductile- or gray-iron glands, rubber gaskets, and steel bolts.

F. Push-on-Joint, Ductile-Iron Fittings: AWWA C153, ductile-iron compact pattern.

1. Gaskets: AWWA C111, rubber.

G. Flanges: ASME B16.1, Class 125, cast iron.

2.10 PLASTIC PIPE AND FITTINGS

A. PVC Plastic Pipe: ASTM D 1785, Schedules 40 and 80, plain ends as indicated in Part 3 "Piping Applications” Article.

B. PVC Pipe, Fire-Service Pipe: AWWA C900 or UL 1285, Class 150 and Class 200, with bell end with gasket, and with spigot end.

C. Solid-Wall PVC Pipe, Sanitary/Waste/Storm/Vent Service: ASTM D 2665, drain, waste, and vent.

D. Perforated PVC: ASTM D2729 perforated polyvinyl chloride pipe and fittings.

1. Filter Sock: ASTM D6707 Machine knitted polyester filter sock. Model ADS Sock manufactured by ADS pipe or approved equal.


E. PE Pipe: ASTM D 2513, SDR 11.

1. PE Fittings: ASTM D 2683, socket-fusion type or ASTM D 3261, butt-fusion type with dimensions matching PE pipe.

2. PE Transition Fittings: Factory-fabricated fittings with PE pipe complying with ASTM D 2513, SDR 11; and steel pipe complying with ASTM A 53/A 53M, black steel, Schedule 40, Type E or S, Grade B.

F. PE, Fire-Service Pipe: FM Global approved, with minimum thickness equivalent to Class 150 and Class 200.

G. Molded PE Fittings, Fire-Service Pipe: FM Global approved; PE butt-fusion type, made to match PE pipe dimensions and class.

H. PVC Plastic Pipe Fittings:

1. Socket-type pipe fittings, ASTM D 2466 for Schedule 40 pipe; ASTM D 2467 for Schedule 80 pipe.

2. PVC Schedule 80 Threaded Fittings: ASTM D 2464.

I. PVC Fittings, Fire-Service Pipe: AWWA C900 or UL 1285, Class 150 and Class 200, with bell-and-spigot or double-bell ends. Include elastomeric gasket in each bell.

J. PVC Socket Fittings, Sanitary/Waste/Storm/Vent Service: ASTM D 2665, made to ASTM D 3311, drain, waste, and vent patterns and to fit Schedule 40 pipe.

K. Adhesive Primer: ASTM F 656.

1. Adhesive primer shall have a VOC content of 550 g/L or less when calculated according to 40 CFR 59, Subpart D (EPA Method 24).

2. Adhesive primer shall comply with the testing and product requirements of the California Department of Health Services' "Standard Practice for the Testing of Volatile Organic Emissions from Various Sources Using Small-Scale Environmental Chambers."

L. Solvent Cement: ASTM D 2564.

1. PVC solvent cement shall have a VOC content of 510 g/L or less when calculated according to 40 CFR 59, Subpart D (EPA Method 24).

2. Solvent cement shall comply with the testing and product requirements of the California Department of Health Services' "Standard Practice for the Testing of Volatile Organic Emissions from Various Sources Using Small-Scale Environmental Chambers."

M. CPVC Plastic Pipe: ASTM F 441/F 441M, Schedules 80, plain ends as indicated in Part 3 "Piping Applications” Article.

N. CPVC Plastic Pipe Fittings:

1. Socket-type pipe fittings, ASTM F 439 for Schedule 80 pipe. 2. CPVC Threaded Fittings: ASTM F 437, Schedule 80.

O. CPVC Piping System: ASTM D 2846/D 2846M, SDR 11, pipe and socket fittings.


P. Solvent Cements for Joining CPVC Piping and Tubing: ASTM F493. Include cleaner or primer recommended by pipe and fitting manufacturer.

1. Use solvent cement that has a VOC content of 490 g/L or less when calculated according to 40 CFR 59, Subpart D (EPA Method 24).

2. Use adhesive primer that has a VOC content of 550 g/L or less when calculated according to 40 CFR 59, Subpart D (EPA Method 24).

Q. HDPE Piping System: Pipe and fittings are dark blue with pipe dimensions about the same OD as ASTM D 3035, PE pipe.


a. Centennial Plastics, Inc b. Chevron-Phillips Chemical c. Lamson Pipe Company d. Or Approved Equal

2. Molded PE Fittings: ASTM D 2683 or ASTM D 3261, ASTM F 1055 PE resin, socket, butt-fusion or electro-fusion type, made to match PE pipe dimensions and class.

R. PP Pipe and Fittings for Heat-Fusion Joints: Made from ASTM D 4101, PP resin.

1. Manufacturers: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide products by one of the following available manufacturers offering products that may be incorporated into the Work include, but are not limited to, the following:

a. Asahi/America b. Georg Fischer Inc. c. Ipex USA LLC. d. Nibco Inc. e. Or approved equal.

2. Schedule 40, Pipe and Fittings: Pipe made to ASTM D 2447, Schedule 40 or SDR 11 dimensions; with socket- or butt-fusion fittings matching pipe dimensions.

S. PVDF Pipe and Fittings: Made from ASTM D 3222, PVDF resin.

1. Manufacturers: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide products by one of the following available manufacturers offering products that may be incorporated into the Work include, but are not limited to, the following:

a. Asahi/America b. Georg Fischer Inc. c. Nibco Inc. d. Or approved equal.

2. Schedule 40, Pipe and Fittings: Pipe made to ASTM D 2447, Schedule 40 or SDR 11 dimensions; with socket- or butt-fusion fittings matching pipe dimensions.


2.11 STEEL PIPE AND FITTINGS

A. Piping:

1. Schedule 40, Galvanized and Black Steel Pipe: ASTM A 135/A 135M; ASTM A 795/A 795M, Type E; or ASME B36.10M wrought steel. Pipe ends may be factory or field formed to match joining method.

B. Fittings:

1. Cast-Iron Threaded Fittings: ASME B16.4; Classes 125 and 250 as indicated in Part 3 "Piping Applications” Article.

2. Malleable-Iron Threaded Fittings: ASME B16.3, Classes 150 and 300 as indicated in Part 3 "Piping Applications” Article.

3. Lapped Face Forged-Steel Flanges and Flanged Fittings Not permitted underground 4. Wrought-Steel Fittings: ASTM A 234/A 234M, wall thickness to match adjoining pipe.

C. Couplings:

1. Uncoated Steel Couplings: ASTM A 865/A 865M, threaded. 2. Grooved Mechanical-Joint Couplings:

a. Ductile- or malleable-iron housing and synthetic rubber gasket of central cavity pressure-responsive design; with nuts, bolts, locking pin, locking toggle, or lugs to secure grooved pipe and fittings.

b. Stainless-steel flanges and tube with epoxy finish. Buta-nitrile seals. Stainless-steel bolts, washers and nuts.

c. For natural-gas and LPG piping, couplings shall be capable of joining PE pipe to PE pipe, steel pipe to PE pipe, or steel pipe to steel pipe.

D. Steel Pipe Nipples: ASTM A 733, made of same materials and wall thicknesses as pipe in which they are installed.

E. Protective Coating for Underground Piping: Factory-applied, three-layer coating of epoxy, adhesive, and PE.

1. Joint Cover Kits: Epoxy paint, adhesive, and heat-shrink PE sleeves.

2.12 STAINLESS-STEEL PIPE AND FITTINGS –SANITARY/WASTE SERVICE

A. Pipe and Fittings: ASME A112.3.1, drainage pattern with socket and spigot ends.

B. Internal Sealing Rings: Elastomeric gaskets shaped to fit socket groove.


2.13 SPECIAL PIPE FITTINGS

A. Ductile-Iron Deflection Fittings:

1. Manufacturers: Subject to compliance with requirements, available manufacturers offering products that may be incorporated into the Work include, but are not limited to, the following:

a. EBAA Iron b. Or Approved Equal

2. Description: Compound, ductile-iron coupling fitting with sleeve and one or two flexing sections for up to 15-degree deflection, gaskets, and restrained-joint ends complying with AWWA C110 or AWWA C153. Include AWWA C111, ductile-iron glands, rubber gaskets, and steel bolts.

3. Pressure Rating: 250 psig (1725 kPa) minimum.

2.14 FLEXIBLE PIPE CONNECTORS

A. Metallic Flexible Connectors: Listed and Labeled for underground applications by an NRTL acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction. And subject to compliance with requirements, provide products by one of the following:

1. Available Manufacturers: Subject to compliance with requirements, manufacturers offering products that may be incorporated into the Work include, but are not limited to, the following:

a. Metraflex Co. b. Flexicraft Industries. c. American Flex-Hose Co d. Or Approved Equal

2. Stainless-Steel bellows with woven, flexible, bronze or stainless-steel, wire-reinforcing protective jacket.

3. Working-Pressure Rating: 200 psig (1380 kPa) minimum. 4. End Connections, Socket, flanged, or threaded end to match connected piping. 5. Maximum Length: 30 inches (762 mm.). 6. Swivel end, 50-psig (345-kPa) maximum operating pressure. 7. Factory-furnished anode.

B. Nonmetallic Flexible Connectors:

1. Nonmetallic Flexible Connectors: Listed and Labeled for underground applications by an NRTL acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction. And subject to compliance with requirements, provide products by one of the following:

a. FLEX-ING, Inc.. b. Flexicraft Industries. c. American Flex-Hose Co d. Or Approved Equal


2. PFTE bellows with woven, flexible, bronze or stainless-steel, wire-reinforcing protective jacket.

3. Minimum Operating Pressure: 150 psig (1035 kPa). 4. End Connections: Socket, flanged, or threaded end to match connected piping. 5. Maximum Length: 30 inches (762 mm.) 6. Swivel end, 50-psig (345-kPa) maximum operating pressure. 7. Factory-furnished anode.

2.15 JOINING MATERIALS

A. Solder Filler Metals: ASTM B 32, lead-free alloys. Include water-flushable flux according to ASTM B 813.

B. Brazing Filler Metals: AWS A5.8, BCuP Series, copper-phosphorus alloys for joining copper with copper and general duty brazing unless otherwise indicated; or BAg-1, silver alloy for joining copper with bronze or steel.

C. Brazing Filler Metals for Fuel Oil piping: Alloy with melting point greater than 1000 deg F (540 deg C) complying with AWS A5.8/A5.8M. Brazing alloys containing more than 0.05 percent phosphorus are prohibited.

D. Welding Filler Metals: Comply with AWS D10.12/D10.12M for welding materials appropriate for wall thickness and chemical analysis of steel pipe being welded.

E. Solvent Cements for Joining Plastic Piping:

1. PVC Piping: ASTM D 2564. Include primer according to ASTM F 656.

a. PVC solvent cement shall have a VOC content of 510 g/L or less when calculated according to 40 CFR 59, Subpart D (EPA Method 24).

b. Adhesive primer shall have a VOC content of 550 g/L or less when calculated according to 40 CFR 59, Subpart D (EPA Method 24).

c. Solvent cement and adhesive primer shall comply with the testing and product requirements of the California Department of Health Services' "Standard Practice for the Testing of Volatile Organic Emissions from Various Sources Using Small-Scale Environmental Chambers."

F. Fiberglass Pipe Adhesive: As furnished or recommended by pipe manufacturer.

1. Fiberglass adhesive shall have a VOC content of 80 g/L or less when calculated according to 40 CFR 59, Subpart D (EPA Method 24).

2. Adhesive shall comply with the testing and product requirements of the California Department of Health Services' "Standard Practice for the Testing of Volatile Organic Emissions from Various Sources Using Small-Scale Environmental Chambers."

G. Gasket Material: Thickness, material, and type suitable for fluid to be handled and working temperatures and pressures.

H. Bonding Adhesive for RTRP and RTRF: As recommended by piping and fitting manufacturer.


I. Joint Compound and Tape for Threaded Joints: Suitable for fluid to be handled.

2.16 MANHOLES

A. Standard Precast Concrete Manholes:

1. Description: ASTM C 478 (ASTM C 478M), precast, reinforced concrete, of depth indicated, with provision for sealant joints.

2. Diameter: 48 inches (1200 mm) minimum unless otherwise indicated. 3. Ballast: Increase thickness of precast concrete sections or add concrete to base section, as

required to prevent flotation. 4. Base Section: 6-inch (150-mm) minimum thickness for floor slab and 4-inch (100-mm)

minimum thickness for walls and base riser section; with separate base slab or base section with integral floor.

5. Riser Sections: 4-inch (100-mm) minimum thickness, of length to provide depth indicated.

6. Top Section: Eccentric-cone type unless concentric-cone or flat-slab-top type is indicated; with top of cone of size that matches grade rings.

7. Joint Sealant: ASTM C 990 (ASTM C 990M), bitumen or butyl rubber. 8. Resilient Pipe Connectors: ASTM C 923 (ASTM C 923M), cast or fitted into manhole

walls, for each pipe connection. 9. Steps: Individual FRP steps, FRP ladder, or ASTM A 615/A 615M, deformed, 1/2-inch

(13-mm) steel reinforcing rods encased in ASTM D 4101, PP; wide enough to allow worker to place both feet on one step and designed to prevent lateral slippage off step. Cast or anchor steps into sidewalls at 12- to 16-inch (300- to 400-mm) intervals. Omit steps if total depth from floor of manhole to finished grade is less than 60 inches (1500 mm).

10. Adjusting Rings: Interlocking HDPE rings, with level or sloped edge in thickness and diameter matching manhole frame and cover, and with height as required to adjust manhole frame and cover to indicated elevation and slope. Include sealant recommended by ring manufacturer.

11. Grade Rings: Reinforced-concrete rings, 6- to 9-inch (150- to 225-mm) total thickness, with diameter matching manhole frame and cover, and with height as required to adjust manhole frame and cover to indicated elevation and slope.

B. Designed Precast Concrete Manholes:

1. Description: ASTM C 913; designed according to ASTM C 890 for A-16 (ASSHTO HS20-44), heavy-traffic, structural loading; of depth, shape, and dimensions indicated, with provision for sealant joints.

2. Ballast: Increase thickness of one or more precast concrete sections or add concrete to manhole as required to prevent flotation.

3. Joint Sealant: ASTM C 990 (ASTM 990M), bitumen or butyl rubber. 4. Resilient Pipe Connectors: ASTM C 923 (ASTM C 923M), cast or fitted into manhole

walls, for each pipe connection. 5. Steps: Individual FRP steps, FRP ladder, or ASTM A 615/A 615M, deformed, 1/2-inch

(13-mm) steel reinforcing rods encased in ASTM D 4101, PP; wide enough to allow worker to place both feet on one step and designed to prevent lateral slippage off step. Cast or anchor steps into sidewalls at 12- to 16-inch (300- to 400-mm) intervals. Omit steps if total depth from floor of manhole to finished grade is less than 60 inches (1500 mm).




C. Fiberglass Manholes:


a. Associated Fiberglass b. Containment Solutions c. L.F. Manufacturing d. Or Approved Equal

2. Description: ASTM D 3753. 3. Diameter: 48 inches (1200 mm) minimum unless otherwise indicated. 4. Ballast: Increase thickness of concrete base as required to prevent flotation. 5. Base Section: Concrete, 6-inch (150-mm) minimum thickness. 6. Resilient Pipe Connectors: ASTM C 923 (ASTM C 923M), cast or fitted into manhole

walls, for each pipe connection. 7. Steps: Individual FRP steps or FRP ladder, wide enough to allow worker to place both

feet on one step and designed to prevent lateral slippage off step. Cast or anchor steps into sidewalls at 12- to 16-inch (300- to 400-mm) intervals. Omit steps if total depth from floor of manhole to finished grade is less than 60 inches (1500 mm).



D. Manhole Frames and Covers:

1. Description: Ferrous; 24-inch (610-mm) ID by 7- to 9-inch (175- to 225-mm) riser, with 4-inch-(100-mm-)minimum-width flange and 26-inch-(660-mm-)diameter cover. Include indented top design with lettering cast into cover, using wording equivalent to "SANITARY SEWER."

2. Material: [ASTM A 536, Grade 60-40-18 ductile][ASTM A 48/A 48M, Class 35 gray] iron unless otherwise indicated.

E. Manhole-Cover Inserts:


a. FRW Industries


b. Knutson Enterprises c. L.F. Manufacturing d. Parson Environmental e. Or Approved Equal

2. Description; Manufactured, plastic form, of size to fit between manhole frame and cover and designed to prevent stormwater inflow. Include handle for removal and gasket for gastight sealing.

3. Type: [Solid][Drainage with vent holes][Valve].

2.17 POLYETHYLENE SHEATH FOR UNDERGROUND PIPING

A. Per FS L-C-530 C and AWWA C-215, with heat shrunk sleeves or manufacturer’s standard tape wrapping for butt joints and fittings.

2.18 PROTECTIVE COATING FOR UNDERGROUND STEEL PIPING

A. Shop Application: Coating and application shall conform to the National Association of Pipe Coating Applicators Specification TGF-3.

B. Field Application:

1. Preparation. Clean surfaces to be field coated by wire brushing to remove rust, slag, weld spatter, charred felt, enamel and dirt. Remove oil by applying a solvent.

2. Pipe Surfaces to be Field Coated. Welded joints and short lengths of pipe which have not been shop coated. Spirally apply tape with minimum 2 inch lap. Overlap adjacent coatings by 3 inches minimum.

C. Valves, Flanges and Bolts:

1. Coat with 2 coats, 30 mil total dft bituminous coating overlapping adjacent shop coating by 3 inches.

2. Apply a spiral wrap of 15 pound coal tar saturated felt over the bituminous coating.

D. Holiday Inspection:

1. Equipment. Portable, low amperage, adjustable voltage pulse type holiday detector. Set detector operating voltage in the 8,000 to 12,000 volt range.

2. Shop Coated Pipe. Test shop coated pipe with a holiday detector before shipment. 3. Field Coated Pipe. Inspect coatings, with the exception of valves and fittings, for holidays

just prior to lowering pipe in trench. Repair flaws by applying tape as described above. Recheck repaired surfaces for flaws with a holiday detector.

2.19 ENCASEMENT FOR PIPING

A. Standard: ASTM A 674 or AWWA C105/A21.5.

B. Material: LLDPE film of 0.008-inch (0.20-mm) minimum thickness, or high-density, cross-laminated PE film of 0.004-inch (0.10-mm) minimum thickness.


C. Form: Sheet or tube.

D. Color: Black or natural.

2.20 TRANSITION FITTINGS

A. General Requirements:

1. Same size as pipes to be joined. 2. Pressure rating at least equal to pipes to be joined. 3. End connections compatible with pipes to be joined.

B. Fitting-Type Transition Couplings: Manufactured piping coupling or specified piping system fitting.

C. Sleeve-Type Transition Coupling: AWWA C219.


a. Jay R Smith b. Cascade Waterworks c. Romac Industries, Inc d. Or Approved Equal

D. Shielded, Non-pressure Transition Couplings:


a. Cascade Waterworks b. Mission Rubber Company c. Or Approved Equal

2. Standard: ASTM C 1460. 3. Description: Elastomeric or rubber sleeve with full-length, corrosion-resistant outer

shield and corrosion-resistant-metal tension band and tightening mechanism on each end.

E. Plastic-to-Metal Transition Fittings:


a. Charlotte Pipe b. IPEX USA c. Viega d. Or Approved Equal

2. CPVC and PVC one-piece fitting with one threaded brass or copper insert and one Schedule 80 solvent-cement-joint end.


F. Plastic-to-Metal Transition Unions:


a. Charlotte Pipe b. IPEX c. NIBCO d. Or Approved Equal

2. MSS SP-107, CPVC and PVC union. Include brass, copper or stainless steel end, Schedule 80 solvent-cement-joint or threaded end, rubber gasket, and threaded union.

2.21 DOUBLE-CONTAINMENT PIPE AND FITTINGS

A. Steel, Double-Containment Piping: Pre-engineered, total systems responsibility, factory prefabricated, cleaned, and tested, with ends sealed and capped for delivery and storage within indicated and specified parameters.


a. Perm-Alert Division, Perma-Pipe Inc. b. Orion – Watts Corp c. Thermacor Process Inc. d. Or Approved Equal

2. Carrier Pipe Materials: Match single pipe system spec or Schedule 40 or 80 black-steel, welded

3. Conduit Materials:

a. Pressure rated/tested for 15 psig continuous duty. Schedule 10, black-steel, ERW, welded, with Manufacturer's standard polyamide epoxy 20 mil DFT exterior and 6 mil DFT interior finish, inspection provisions.

b. Class 150, black-steel, standard weight.

4. Include design and fabrication of double-containment pipe and fitting assemblies with provision for field installation of cable leak-detection and locating system in annular space between carrier and containment piping.

5. Provide with heat tracing as called for on Drawings.

B. Flexible, Double-Containment Piping: Comply with UL 971.


a. OPW Fueling Components b. Or Approved Equal


2. Pipe Materials: PVDF complying with ASTM D 3222 for carrier pipe with mechanical couplings to seal carrier, and PE pipe complying with ASTM D 4976 for containment piping.

3. Fiberglass or PE sumps. 4. Watertight sump entry boots, pipe adapters with test ports and tubes, coaxial fittings, and

couplings. 5. Minimum Operating Pressure Rating: 10 psig (69 kPa). 6. Plastic to Steel Pipe Transition Fittings: Factory-fabricated fittings with plastic end

matching or compatible with carrier piping, and steel pipe end complying with ASTM A 53/A 53M, black steel, Schedule 40, Type E or S, Grade B.

7. Include design and fabrication of double-containment pipe and fitting assemblies with provision for field installation of cable leak-detection system in annular space between carrier and containment piping.

C. Rigid, Double-Containment Piping: Comply with UL 971.


a. Ameron b. Conley Corporation c. Perma-Pipe, Inc d. Smith Fiberglass e. Tricon Piping Systems f. Or Approved Equal

2. RTRP: ASTM D 2996 or ASTM D 2997 carrier and containment piping and mechanical couplings to seal carrier and containment piping or individually bonded joints.

a. Minimum Operating-Pressure Rating for RTRP NPS 2 and NPS 3 (DN 50 and DN 80): 150 psig (1035 kPa).

b. Minimum Operating-Pressure Rating for RTRP NPS 4 and NPS 6 (DN 100 and DN 150): 125 psig (860 kPa). Compliance with UL 971 is not required for NPS 6 (DN 150) and larger piping.

c. Fittings: RTRF complying with ASTM D 2996 or ASTM D 2997 and made by RTRP manufacturer; watertight sump entry boots, termination, or other end fittings.

3. Leak-Detection System: Include design and fabrication of double-containment pipe and fitting assemblies with provision for field installation of cable leak-detection system in annular space between carrier and containment piping.

2.22 VALVES

A. Gate, Globe, Check, Ball, and Butterfly Valves: Comply with requirements specified in Section 230523 "General-Duty Valves for HVAC Piping."

B. Automatic Temperature-Control Valves, Actuators, and Sensors: Comply with requirements specified in Section 230923 "Direct Digital Control (DDC) Systems for HVAC."


2.23 FUEL-OIL PIPING SPECIALTIES

A. Fuel-oil Leak Detection and Monitoring System:

1. Cable and Sensor System: Comply with UL 1238.

a. Basis-of-Design Product: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide product indicated on Drawings or comparable product by one of the following :

1) Levine and Sons 2) Inifon 3) FPI Sensors 4) Veeder Root 5) Or Approved Equal

b. Calibrated leak-detection and monitoring system with probes and other sensors and remote alarm panel for fuel-oil storage tanks and fuel-oil piping.

c. Include fittings and devices required for testing.

B. Mechanical Leak-Detection Valves

1. Basis-of-Design Product: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide product indicated on Drawings or comparable product by one of the following:

a. Franklin Fueling Systems b. Red Jacket Pumps c. Or Approved Equal

2. Listed and labeled for fuel-oil service by an NRTL acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction.

3. Body: ASTM A 126, cast iron. 4. O-Rings: Elastomeric compatible with fuel oil. 5. Piston and Stem Seals: PTFE. 6. Stem and spring: Stainless steel. 7. Piston Cylinder: Burnished brass. 8. Indicated Leak Rate: Maximum 3 gph (3 mL/s) at 10 psig (69 kPa). 9. Leak Indication: Reduced flow.

C. Metallic Flexible Connectors:


a. American Flexible Hose Co. b. Flexicraft Industries c. Metaflex Company d. Or Approved Equal

2. Listed and labeled for underground applications by an NRTL acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction.

3. Stainless-steel bellows with woven, flexible, bronze or stainless-steel, wire-reinforcing protective jacket.


4. Minimum Operating Pressure: 150 psig (1035 kPa). 5. End Connections: Socket, or threaded end to match connected piping. 6. Maximum Length: 30 inches (762 mm.) 7. Swivel end, 50-psig (345-kPa) maximum operating pressure. 8. Factory-furnished anode for connection to cathodic protection.

D. Nonmetallic Flexible Connectors:


a. American Flexible Hose Co. b. Flexicraft Industries c. FLEX-ING, Inc. d. Or Approved Equal

2. Listed and labeled for underground applications by an NRTL acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction.

3. PFTE bellows with woven, flexible, bronze or stainless-steel, wire-reinforcing protective jacket.

4. Minimum Operating Pressure: 150 psig (1035 kPa). 5. End Connections: Socket, flanged, or threaded end to match connected piping. 6. Maximum Length: 30 inches (762 mm.) 7. Swivel end, 50-psig (345-kPa) maximum operating pressure. 8. Factory-furnished anode.

E. Oil Safety Valves:


a. Anderson Greenwood b. Fulflo Specialties c. Webster Fuel Pumps and Valves d. Or Approved Equal


3. Body: Brass, bronze, or cast steel. 4. Springs: Stainless steel. 5. Seat and Diaphragm: Nitrile rubber. 6. Orifice: Stainless steel, interchangeable. 7. Factory-Applied Finish: Baked enamel. 8. Manual override port. 9. Maximum Inlet Pressure: 60 psig (414 kPa). 10. Maximum Outlet Pressure: 3 psig (21 kPa).


F. Emergency Shutoff Valves:


a. EMCO Wheaton b. Franklin Fueling Systems c. OPW Engineered System d. Or Approved Equal


3. Double poppet valve. 4. Body: ASTM A 126, cast iron. 5. Disk: FPM. 6. Poppet Spring: Stainless steel. 7. Stem: Plated brass. 8. O-Ring: FPM. 9. Packing Nut: PTFE-coated brass. 10. Fusible link to close valve at 165 deg F (74 deg C). 11. Thermal relief to vent line pressure buildup due to fire. 12. Air test port. 13. Maximum Operating Pressure: 0.5 psig (3.45 kPa).

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 EARTHWORK

A. See Section 312000 "Earth Moving" for excavating, trenching, and backfilling.

3.2 FIRE SUPPRESSION PIPING APPLICATIONS

A. Underground fire-suppression water-service piping NPS 2 (DN 50) and smaller shall be one of the following:

1. Hard copper tube, ASTM B 88, Type K (ASTM B 88M, Type A; wrought-copper, solder-joint fittings; and brazed joints.

2. NPS 2 (DN 50) PE, Class 150 or Class 200, fire-service pipe; molded PE fittings; and heat-fusion joints.

B. Underground fire-suppression water-service piping NPS 3 (DN 80) shall be one of the following:


2. Grooved-end, ductile-iron pipe; grooved-end, ductile-iron pipe appurtenances; and grooved joints.


3. Mechanical-joint, ductile-iron pipe; mechanical-joint, ductile- or gray-iron, standard-pattern or ductile-iron, compact-pattern fittings; glands, gaskets, and bolts; and gasketed joints.

4. Push-on-joint, ductile-iron pipe; push-on-joint, ductile-iron compact-pattern fittings; and gasketed joints.

5. PE, Class 150 or Class 200, fire-service pipe; molded PE fittings; and heat-fusion joints.

C. Underground fire-suppression water-service piping NPS 4 (DN 100) shall be one of the following:





5. PE, Class 150 or Class 200, fire-service pipe; molded PE fittings; and heat-fusion joints. 6. PVC, Class 150 or Class 200 pipe listed for fire-protection service; PVC fittings of same

class as pipe; and gasketed joints. 7. Fiberglass, RTRP, Class 150 or Class 200; RTRF; and bonded joints.

D. Underground fire-suppression water-service piping NPS 6 to NPS 12 (DN 150 to DN 300) shall be one of the following:




4. PE, Class 150 or Class 200, fire-service pipe; molded PE fittings; and heat-fusion joints. 5. PVC, Class 150 or Class 200, pipe listed for fire-protection service; PVC fittings of same

class as pipe; and gasketed joints. 6. Fiberglass, RTRP, Class 150 or Class 200; RTRF; and bonded joints.

E. Vault fire-suppression water-service piping NPS 2 (DN 50) and smaller shall be hard copper tube, ASTM B 88, Type K (ASTM B 88M, Type A; wrought- or cast-copper-alloy, solder-joint fittings; and brazed joints.

F. Underslab fire-suppression water-service piping NPS 2 (DN 50) and smaller shall be hard copper tube, ASTM B 88, Type K (ASTM B 88M, Type A; wrought-copper, solder-joint fittings; and brazed joints.


G. Underslab fire-suppression water-service piping NPS 3 and NPS 4 (DN 80 and DN 100) shall be one of the following:

1. Hard copper tube, ASTM B 88, Type K (ASTM B 88M, Type A); wrought-copper, solder-joint fittings; and brazed joints.


3. Mechanical-joint, ductile-iron pipe; mechanical-joint, ductile- or gray-iron, standard-pattern or ductile-iron, compact-pattern fittings; glands, gaskets, and bolts; and restrained, gasketed joints.

4. Push-on-joint, ductile-iron pipe; push-on-joint, ductile-iron compact-pattern fittings; and restrained, gasketed joints.

H. Underslab fire-suppression water-service piping NPS 6 to NPS 12 (DN 150 to DN 300) shall be one of the following:


2. Mechanical-joint, ductile-iron pipe; mechanical-joint, ductile- or gray-iron, standard-pattern or ductile-iron, compact-pattern fittings; glands, gaskets, and bolts; and restrained, gasketed joints.

3. Push-on-joint, ductile-iron pipe; push-on-joint, ductile-iron compact-pattern fittings; and restrained, gasketed joints.

I. Underground fire-suppression water-service shutoff valves NPS 2 (DN 50) and smaller shall be corporation valves or curb valves with ends compatible with piping.

J. Meter box fire-suppression water-service shutoff valves NPS 2 (DN 50) and smaller shall be meter valves.

K. Install continuous underground detectable warning tape during backfilling of trench for underground fire-suppression water-service piping. Locate below finished grade, directly over piping.

L. Install underground piping with restrained joints at horizontal and vertical changes in direction. Use restrained-joint piping, thrust blocks, anchors, tie-rods and clamps, and other supports.

M. Do not use flanges or unions for underground piping.

N. Vault fire-suppression water-service shutoff valves NPS 2 (DN 50) and smaller shall be Class 125, MSS, bronze, nonrising stem or UL-listed or FM Global-approved, OS&Y, bronze, gate valves.

O. Underground fire-suppression water-service shutoff valves NPS 3 (DN 80) and larger shall be one of the following:

1. 200-psig (1380-kPa), AWWA, iron, nonrising-stem, [metal][resilient]-seated gate valves.

2. 250-psig (1725-kPa), AWWA, iron, nonrising-stem, resilient-seated gate valves. 3. [175-psig (1200-kPa)][250-psig (1725-kPa)], UL-listed or FM Global-approved, iron,

nonrising-stem gate valves.


P. Indicator-post underground fire-suppression water-service valves NPS 3 (DN 80) and larger shall be 250-psig (1725-kPa), UL-listed or FM Global-approved, iron, nonrising-stem gate valves with indicator-post flange.

Q. Install underground piping with restrained joints at horizontal and vertical changes in direction. Use restrained-joint piping, thrust blocks, anchors, tie-rods and clamps, and other supports.

R. Do not use flanges or unions for underground piping.

S. Standard-pressure, vault fire-suppression water-service shutoff valves NPS 3 (DN 80) and larger shall be one of the following:

1. 200-psig (1380-kPa), AWWA, iron, OS&Y, [metal][resilient]-seated gate valves. 2. 250-psig (1725-kPa), AWWA, iron, OS&Y, resilient-seated gate valves. 3. [175-psig (1200-kPa)][250-psig (1725-kPa)], UL-listed or FM Global-approved, iron,

OS&Y gate valves. 4. [AWWA] [or] [UL-listed or FM Global-approved] butterfly valves.

3.3 DOMESTIC WATER PIPING APPLICATIONS

A. Potable-water piping and components shall comply with NSF 14 and NSF 61. Plastic piping components shall be marked with "NSF-pw."

B. Transition and special fittings with pressure ratings at least equal to piping rating may be used in applications below unless otherwise indicated.

C. Underground water-service piping NPS 3/4 to NPS 3 (DN 20 to DN 80) shall be any of the following:

1. Soft copper tube, ASTM B 88, Type K (ASTM B 88M, Type A); wrought-copper, solder-joint fittings; and brazed joints.

2. PE, ASTM pipe; molded PE fittings; and heat-fusion joints. 3. PVC, Schedule 40 pipe; PVC, Schedule 40 socket fittings; and solvent-cemented joints. 4. NPS 1 to NPS 3 (DN 25 to DN 80) fiberglass, AWWA RTRP, Class [150][200][250];

RTRF; and bonded joints. 5. Fiberglass, AWWA RTRP, Class [150][200][250]; RTRF; and bonded joints.

D. Underground water-service piping NPS 4 to NPS 8 (DN 100 to DN 200) shall be any of the following:

1. Soft copper tube, ASTM B 88, Type K (ASTM B 88M,Type A); wrought-copper, solder-joint fittings; and brazed joints.

2. Ductile-iron, push-on-joint pipe; ductile-iron, push-on-joint fittings; and gasketed, mechanical-joint pipe; ductile-iron, mechanical-joint fittings; and mechanical or grooved-end pipe; ductile-iron-pipe appurtenances; and grooved joints.

3. PE, AWWA pipe; PE, AWWA fittings; and heat-fusion joints. 4. PVC, Schedule 40 pipe; PVC, Schedule 40 socket fittings; and solvent-cemented joints. 5. NPS 4 and NPS 6 (DN 100 and DN 150): NPS 6 (DN 150) PVC, AWWA Class 150

pipe; PVC, AWWA Class 150 fabricated or molded fittings; and gasketed joints.


6. NPS 8 (DN 200): PVC, AWWA Class 200 pipe; PVC, AWWA Class 200 fabricated, push-on-joint ductile-iron or mechanical-joint ductile-iron fittings; and gasketed joints.

7. Fiberglass, AWWA RTRP, Class [150][200][250]; RTRF; and bonded joints.

E. Water Meter Box Water-Service Piping NPS 3/4 to NPS 2 (DN 20 to DN 50) shall be same as underground water-service piping.

F. Underground Combined Water-Service and Fire-Service-Main Piping NPS 6 to NPS 12 (DN 150 to DN 300) shall be any of the following:

1. Ductile-iron, push-on-joint pipe; ductile-iron, push-on-joint fittings; and gasketed, mechanical-joint pipe; ductile-iron, mechanical-joint fittings; and mechanical or grooved-end pipe; ductile-iron-pipe appurtenances; and grooved joints.

2. PVC, AWWA Class [150][200] pipe listed for fire-protection service; PVC fabricated or molded fittings of same class as pipe; and gasketed joints.

3. Fiberglass, AWWA, FMG-approved RTRP, Class [150][200]; RTRF; and gasketed joints.

G. Underground Valves, NPS 3 (DN 80) and Larger: AWWA, cast-iron, nonrising-stem, [metal][resilient][high-pressure, resilient]-seated gate valves with valve box.

3.4 SOFT WATER PIPING APPLICATIONS

A. Fiberglass, AWWA RTRP, Class [150][200][250]; RTRF; and bonded joints.

3.5 SANITARY, WASTE AND VENT PIPING APPLICATIONS

A. General Locations and Arrangements: Drawing plans and details to indicate general location and arrangement of underground sanitary sewer piping. Location and arrangement of piping layout take into account design considerations. Install piping as indicated, to extent practical. Where specific installation is not indicated, follow piping manufacturer's written instructions.

B. Install corrosion-protection piping encasement over the following underground metal piping according to ASTM A 674 or AWWA C105/A21.5:

1. Hub-and-spigot, cast-iron soil pipe. 2. Hubless cast-iron soil pipe and fittings. 3. Ductile-iron pipe and fittings. 4. Expansion joints and deflection fittings.

C. Underground, soil, waste, and vent piping NPS 4 (DN 100) and smaller shall be any of the following:

1. Service class, cast-iron soil piping; gaskets; and gasketed joints. 2. Hubless, cast-iron soil pipe and fittings; CISPI cast-iron hubless-piping couplings; and

coupled joints. 3. Stainless-steel pipe and fittings, gaskets, and gasketed joints. 4. Solid wall ABS pipe, ABS socket fittings, and solvent-cemented joints. 5. Solid wall PVC pipe, PVC socket fittings, and solvent-cemented joints.


6. Dissimilar Pipe-Material Couplings: Shielded, nonpressure transition couplings.

D. Underground, soil and waste piping NPS 5 (DN 125) and larger shall be any of the following:

1. Service class, cast-iron soil piping; gaskets; and gasketed joints. 2. Hubless, cast-iron soil pipe and fittings; CISPI cast-iron hubless-piping couplings; and

coupled joints. 3. Solid-wall PVC pipe; PVC socket fittings; and solvent-cemented joints. 4. Dissimilar Pipe-Material Couplings: Shielded, nonpressure transition couplings.

E. Underground sanitary-sewage force mains NPS 4 (DN 100) and smaller shall be any of the following:

1. Hard copper tube, Type L (Type B); copper pressure fittings; and soldered joints. 2. Ductile-iron, mechanical-joint piping and mechanical joints. 3. Ductile-iron, push-on-joint piping and push-on joints. 4. Ductile-iron, grooved-joint piping and grooved joints. 5. Fitting-type transition coupling for piping smaller than NPS 1-1/2 (DN 40) and pressure

transition coupling for NPS 1-1/2 (DN 40) and larger if dissimilar pipe materials.

F. Underground sanitary-sewage force mains NPS 5 (DN 125) and larger shall be any of the following:

1. Hard copper tube, Type L (Type B); copper pressure fittings; and soldered joints. 2. Ductile-iron, mechanical-joint piping and mechanical joints. 3. Ductile-iron, push-on-joint piping and push-on joints. 4. Ductile-iron, grooved-joint piping and grooved joints. 5. Pressure transition couplings if dissimilar pipe materials.

3.6 INDUSTRIAL WASTE PIPING APPLICATIONS

A. General Locations and Arrangements: Drawing plans and details to indicate general location and arrangement of underground industrial waste piping. Location and arrangement of piping layout take into account design considerations. Install piping as indicated, to extent practical. Where specific installation is not indicated, follow piping manufacturer's written instructions.

B. Install corrosion-protection piping encasement over the following underground metal piping according to ASTM A 674 or AWWA C105/A21.5:

1. Ductile-iron pipe and fittings. 2. Expansion joints and deflection fittings.

C. For gravity systems: Dissimilar Pipe-Material Couplings: Shielded, nonpressure transition couplings.

D. For force mains: Fitting-type transition coupling for piping smaller than NPS 1-1/2 (DN 40) and pressure transition coupling for NPS 1-1/2 (DN 40) and larger if dissimilar pipe materials.


E. Underground, industrial waste piping handling neutral wastewaters:

1. Schedule 80, CPVC plastic pipe and fittings and solvent-welded joints. 2. Ductile-iron, push-on-joint piping and push-on joints. 3. Fiberglass reinforced plastic piping system with viton elastomer gaskets and stainless

steel flange bolts. Filament wound epoxy ester or centrifugally cast epoxy ester. 4. HDPE, heat fused piping system. 5. Type 316SST, 316L stainless steel piping system. 6. Hub and spigot, service class, cast-iron soil piping; gaskets; and gasketed joints.

F. Underground, industrial waste piping handling corrosive wastewaters:

1. Fiberglass reinforced plastic piping system with viton elastomer gaskets and stainless steel flange bolts. Filament wound epoxy ester or centrifugally cast epoxy ester.

2. Type 316SST, 316L stainless steel piping system. 3. HDPE, heat fused piping system.

G. Underground, industrial waste piping handling non-neutral wastewaters:

1. HDPE, heat fused piping system. 2. Fiberglass reinforced plastic piping system with viton elastomer gaskets and stainless

steel flange bolts. Filament wound vinyl ester or centrifugally cast vinyl ester. 3. Polypropylene piping system, Type I, joined by heat fusion. 4. PVDF piping system, chemical resistant, joined by heat fusion.

3.7 STORM PIPING APPLICATIONS

A. Underground storm drainage piping NPS 6 (DN 150) and smaller shall be any of the following:

1. Service class, cast-iron soil pipe and fittings; gaskets; and gasketed joints. 2. Hubless, cast-iron soil pipe and fittings; CISPI, cast-iron, hubless-piping couplings; and

coupled joints. 3. ABS pipe, ABS socket fittings, and solvent-cemented joints. 4. PVC pipe, PVC socket fittings, and solvent-cemented joints. 5. Dissimilar Pipe-Material Couplings: Shielded, nonpressure transition couplings.

B. Underground, storm drainage piping NPS 8 (DN 200) and larger shall be any of the following:

1. Service class, cast-iron soil pipe and fittings; gaskets; and gasketed joints. 2. Hubless, cast-iron soil pipe and fittings; CISPI, cast-iron, hubless-piping couplings; and

coupled joints. 3. PVC pipe, PVC socket fittings, and solvent-cemented joints. 4. Cellular-core, sewer and drain series, PVC pipe; PVC socket fittings; and solvent-

cemented joints. 5. Dissimilar Pipe-Material Couplings: Shielded, nonpressure transition couplings.

C. Underground storm drainage force mains NPS 4 (DN 100) and smaller shall be any of the following:

1. Hard copper tube; copper pressure fittings; and soldered joints.


2. Ductile-iron, mechanical-joint piping and mechanical joints. 3. Ductile-iron, push-on-joint piping and push-on joints. 4. Ductile-iron, grooved-joint piping and grooved joints. 5. Fitting-type transition coupling for piping smaller than NPS 1-1/2 (DN 40) and pressure

transition coupling for NPS 1-1/2 (DN 40) and larger if dissimilar pipe materials.

D. Underground storm drainage force mains NPS 5 (DN 125) and larger shall be any of the following:

1. Hard copper tube; copper pressure fittings; and soldered joints. 2. Ductile-iron, mechanical-joint piping and mechanical joints. 3. Ductile-iron, push-on-joint piping and push-on joints. 4. Ductile-iron, grooved-joint piping and grooved joints. 5. Pressure transition couplings if dissimilar pipe materials.

3.8 HYDRONIC PIPING APPLICATIONS

A. Hot-Water Heating and Chilled Water Piping:

1. NPS 2 (DN 50) and smaller shall be any of the following:

a. Type K, per ASTM B 88. Wrought copper socket joint fittings per ANSI B16.22; brazed socket cup depth per MIL-F-1183. Joints shall be brazed.

b. Schedule 40, Grade B steel pipe with wrought-steel fittings and welded joints c. Insulation: Insulation shall be not less than 2 inches thick, factory molded, closed

cell polyurethane foam, 2.5 PCF density. Factory insulate fittings to match the pipe. Waterproof insulation with extruded, rigid, virgin Type 2 polyvinyl chloride conduit with minimum wall thickness as follows:

1) 60 mils thru 4 inch OD. 2) 85 mils thru 6 inch OD. 3) 110 mils thru 12.75 inches OD.

2. NPS 2-1/2 (DN 65) and larger shall be any of the following:

a. Schedule 40, Grade B steel pipe with wrought-steel fittings and welded joints b. Insulation for steel piping: Insulation shall be not less than 2 inches thick, factory

molded, closed cell polyurethane foam, 2.5 PCF density. Factory insulate fittings to match the pipe. Waterproof insulation with extruded, rigid, virgin Type 2 polyvinyl chloride conduit with minimum wall thickness as follows:


3. Conduit piping with calcium silicate carrier-pipe insulation and with coated and insulated conduit. Insulate surfaces to thicknesses indicated with calcium silicate per manufacturer's standard.


B. Condenser-Water/Cooling Tower Water Piping:

1. Schedule 40, Grade B steel pipe with wrought-steel fittings and welded joints. Coat pipe and fittings with polyethylene sheath.

3.9 STEAM AND CONDENSATE PIPING APPLICATIONS

A. Steam and condensate piping, for both low and high pressure applications, shall be any of the following:

1. Schedule 40, Grade B steel pipe with wrought-steel fittings and welded joints

a. Insulation for steel piping: Insulation shall be not less than 2 inches thick, factory molded, closed cell polyurethane foam, 2.5 PCF density. Factory insulate fittings to match the pipe. Waterproof insulation with extruded, rigid, virgin Type 2 polyvinyl chloride conduit with minimum wall thickness as follows:


2. Conduit piping with calcium silicate carrier-pipe insulation and with coated and insulated conduit. Insulate surfaces to thicknesses indicated with calcium silicate per manufacturer's standard.

B. Makeup-Water Piping Installed below Grade and within Slabs: Annealed-temper copper tubing, wrought-copper fittings, and soldered joints. Use the fewest possible joints.

3.10 NATURAL-GAS PIPING APPLICATIONS

A. Examine roughing-in for natural-gas piping system to verify actual locations of piping connections before equipment installation.

B. Install underground, natural-gas piping buried at least [36 inches (900 mm)] <Insert value> below finished grade. Comply with requirements in Section 312000 "Earth Moving" for excavating, trenching, and backfilling.

1. If natural-gas piping is installed less than 36 inches (900 mm) below finished grade, install it in containment conduit.

C. Install underground, PE, natural-gas piping according to ASTM D 2774.

D. General Service, except as otherwise specified or required.

E. Natural Gas piping thru connection to point of use shall comply with NFPA 54, Local Code Fire Marshal and Gas Supplier requirements and inspection. Socket or butt weld in sizes 2 inches and under and butt weld sizes 2 1/2 inches and larger, except where unavoidable threads or flanges occur.


F. For high pressure natural-gas piping, provide pressure surge/blow off/high velocity cleaning by temporary large diameter connection to existing compressed air piping.

G. Underground natural-gas piping shall be one of the following:

1. HDPE pipe and fittings joined by heat fusion, or mechanical couplings; service-line risers with tracer wire terminated in an accessible location.

2. Steel pipe with wrought-steel fittings and welded joints, or mechanical couplings. Coat pipe and fittings with polyethylene sheath.

3. [Annealed][Drawn]-temper copper tube with wrought-copper fittings and brazed joints. Coat pipe and fittings with protective coating for copper tubing.

H. Underground, below building, piping shall be one of the following:

1. Steel pipe with malleable-iron fittings and threaded joints. Coat pipe and fittings with polyethylene sheath.

2. Steel pipe with wrought-steel fittings and welded joints. Coat pipe and fittings with polyethylene sheath.

I. Containment Conduit: Steel pipe with wrought-steel fittings and welded joints. Coat pipe and fittings with protective coating for steel piping.

J. Containment Conduit Vent Piping: Steel pipe with malleable-iron fittings and threaded or wrought-steel fittings with welded joints. Coat underground pipe and fittings with protective coating for steel piping.

K. Underground Manual Gas Shutoff Valves:

1. Connections to Existing Gas Piping: Use valve and fitting assemblies made for tapping utility's gas mains and listed by an NRTL.

2. Underground: a. PE valves. b. NPS 2 (DN 50) and Smaller: Bronze plug valves. c. NPS 2-1/2 (DN 65) and Larger: Cast-iron, [lubricated][nonlubricated] plug

valves.

3.11 FUEL-OIL PIPING APPLICATIONS

A. Examine areas for compliance with requirements for installation tolerances and other conditions affecting performance of fuel-oil piping.

B. Examine installation of fuel-burning equipment and fuel-handling and storage equipment to verify actual locations of piping connections before installing fuel-oil piping.

C. Close equipment shutoff valves before turning off fuel oil to premises or piping section.

D. Comply with NFPA 30 and NFPA 31 requirements for prevention of accidental ignition.

E. Underground Fuel-Oil Piping: [Flexible][Rigid], double-containment piping. Size indicated is carrier-pipe size.


F. Underground fuel-oil-tank fill and vent piping shall be one of the following:

1. NPS 2 (DN 50) and Smaller: Steel pipe, steel or malleable-iron threaded fittings, and threaded joints. Coat pipe and fittings with polyethylene sheath.

2. NPS 2-1/2 (DN 65) and Larger: Steel pipe, steel welding fittings, and welded joints. Coat pipe and fittings with polyethylene sheath.

G. Containment Conduit: Steel pipe with wrought-steel fittings and welded joints. Coat pipe and fittings with polyethylene sheath.

3.12 DIESEL FUEL PIPING APPLICATIONS

A. Underground diesel fuel piping shall be one of the following:

1. Schedule 40 steel pipe with wrought-steel fittings and welded joints. Coat pipe and fittings with polyethylene sheath.

2. HDPE pipe and fittings joined by heat fusion, or mechanical couplings; service-line risers with tracer wire terminated in an accessible location.

3.13 LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM PIPING APPLICATIONS

A. Underground LPG liquid piping shall be one of the following:

1. Schedule 40 steel pipe with wrought-steel fittings and welded joints, or mechanical couplings. Coat pipe and fittings with polyethylene sheath.

B. Underground LPG vapor piping shall be one of the following:

1. PE pipe and fittings joined by heat-fusion, or mechanical couplings; service-line risers with tracer wire terminated in an accessible location.

2. Schedule 40, steel pipe with wrought-steel fittings and welded joints, or mechanical couplings. Coat pipe and fittings with polyethylene sheath.

C. Branch Piping in Cast-in-Place Concrete to Single Appliance: Annealed-temper copper, with wrought-copper fittings and brazed joints. Install piping embedded in concrete with no joints in concrete.

D. Containment Conduit: Schedule 40, steel pipe with wrought-steel fittings and welded joints. Coat pipe and fittings with protective coating for steel piping.

3.14 COMPRESSED-AIR PIPING APPLICATIONS

A. Underground compressed air piping shall be one of the following:

1. Schedule 40 steel pipe with wrought-steel fittings and welded joints. Coat pipe and fittings with polyethylene sheath.

2. Type K, seemless copper tube, per ASTM B 88. Wrought copper socket joint fittings per ANSI B16.22; brazed socket cup depth per MIL-F-1183. Fittings for connection to


corporation cocks or where indicated shall be flared type per ANSI B16.26. Joints shall be brazed except as otherwise specified.

3. Mill-wrapped, schedule 40 black steel pipe Per ASTM A 53, butt-welded, ERW or Seamless. Butt-weld fittings: Black carbon steel per ASTM A 234 and ANSI B16.9, wall thickness to match pipe wall. Wrap pipe with protective coating for underground steel pipe.

3.15 SUB-SOIL DRAINAGE PIPING APPLICATIONS

A. Underground sub-soil drainage piping shall be the following:

1. Perforated PVC piping system with filter sock.

3.16 FIRE SUPPRESSION PIPING INSTALLATIONS

A. Water-Main Connection: Arrange with water utility company for tap of size and in location indicated in water main.

B. Water-Main Connection: Tap water main according to requirements of water utility company and of size and in location indicated.

C. Make connections larger than NPS 2 (DN 50) with tapping machine according to the following:

1. Install tapping sleeve and tapping valve according to MSS SP-60. 2. Install tapping sleeve on pipe to be tapped. Position flanged outlet for gate valve. 3. Use tapping machine compatible with valve and tapping sleeve; cut hole in main.

Remove tapping machine and connect water-service piping. 4. Install gate valve onto tapping sleeve. Comply with MSS SP-60. Install valve with stem

pointing up and with valve box.

D. Make connections NPS 2 (DN 50) and smaller with drilling machine according to the following:

1. Install service-saddle assemblies and corporation valves in size, quantity, and arrangement required by utility company's standards.

2. Install service-saddle assemblies on water-service pipe to be tapped. Position outlets for corporation valves.

3. Use drilling machine compatible with service-saddle assemblies and corporation valves. Drill hole in main. Remove drilling machine and connect water-service piping.

4. Install corporation valves into service-saddle assemblies. 5. Install manifold for multiple taps in water main. 6. Install curb valve in water-service piping with head pointing up and with service box.

E. Comply with NFPA 24 for fire-service-main piping materials and installation.

F. Install copper tube and fittings according to CDA's "Copper Tube Handbook."

1. Install encasement for tubing according to ASTM A 674 or AWWA C105.


G. Install ductile-iron, water-service piping according to AWWA C600 and AWWA M41.

1. Install encasement for piping according to ASTM A 674 or AWWA C105.

H. Install PE pipe according to ASTM D 2774 and ASTM F 645.

I. Install PVC, AWWA pipe according to ASTM F 645 and AWWA M23.

J. Install fiberglass AWWA pipe according to AWWA M45.

K. Bury piping with depth of cover over top at least 30 inches (750 mm), with top at least 12 inches (300 mm) below level of maximum frost penetration, and according to the following:

1. Under Driveways: With at least 36 inches (910 mm) of cover over top. 2. Under Railroad Tracks: With at least 48 inches (1220 mm) of cover over top. 3. In Loose Gravelly Soil and Rock: With at least 12 inches (300 mm) of additional cover.

L. Install piping by tunneling or jacking, or combination of both, under streets and other obstructions that cannot be disturbed.

M. Extend fire-suppression water-service piping and connect to water-supply source and building fire-suppression water-service piping systems at locations and pipe sizes indicated.

1. Terminate fire-suppression water-service piping within the building until building-water-piping systems are installed. Terminate piping with caps, plugs, or flanges as required for piping material. Make connections to building's fire-suppression water-service piping systems when those systems are installed.

N. Install underground piping with restrained joints at horizontal and vertical changes in direction. Use restrained-joint piping, thrust blocks, anchors, tie-rods and clamps, and other supports.

O. Fill sprinkler system piping with water.

P. Install electric heating cables and pipe insulation on sprinkler piping in areas subject to freezing. Comply with requirements for heating cables in Section 200533 "Heat Tracing for Mechanical, Plumbing and Fire-Suppression" and for piping insulation in Section 200700 "Thermal Insulation for Mechanical, Plumbing and Fire Suppression."

Q. Install sleeves for piping penetrations of walls, ceilings, and floors. Comply with requirements for sleeves specified in Section 200517 "Sleeves, Sleeve Seals and Escutcheons for Mechanical, Plumbing and Fire Suppression."

R. Install sleeve seals for piping penetrations of concrete walls and slabs. Comply with requirements for sleeve seals specified in Section 200517 "Sleeves, Sleeve Seals and Escutcheons for Mechanical, Plumbing and Fire Suppression."

S. Install escutcheons for piping penetrations of walls, ceilings, and floors. Comply with requirements for escutcheons specified in Section 200517 "Sleeves, Sleeve Seals and Escutcheons for Mechanical, Plumbing and Fire Suppression."


3.17 DOMESTIC PIPING INSTALLATIONS

A. Water-Main Connection: Arrange with utility company for tap of size and in location indicated in water main.

B. Water-Main Connection: Tap water main according to requirements of water utility company and of size and in location indicated.

C. Make connections larger than NPS 2 (DN 50) with tapping machine according to the following:

1. Install tapping sleeve and tapping valve according to MSS SP-60. 2. Install tapping sleeve on pipe to be tapped. Position flanged outlet for gate valve. 3. Use tapping machine compatible with valve and tapping sleeve; cut hole in main.

Remove tapping machine and connect water-service piping. 4. Install gate valve onto tapping sleeve. Comply with MSS SP-60. Install valve with stem

pointing up and with valve box.

D. Make connections NPS 2 (DN 50) and smaller with drilling machine according to the following:

1. Install service-saddle assemblies and corporation valves in size, quantity, and arrangement required by utility company standards.

2. Install service-saddle assemblies on water-service pipe to be tapped. Position outlets for corporation valves.

3. Use drilling machine compatible with service-saddle assemblies and corporation valves. Drill hole in main. Remove drilling machine and connect water-service piping.

4. Install corporation valves into service-saddle assemblies. 5. Install manifold for multiple taps in water main. 6. Install curb valve in water-service piping with head pointing up and with service box.

E. Comply with NFPA 24 for fire-service-main piping materials and installation.

1. Install PE corrosion-protection encasement according to ASTM A 674 or AWWA C105. 2. Install copper tube and fittings according to CDA's "Copper Tube Handbook."

F. Install ductile-iron, water-service piping according to AWWA C600 and AWWA M41.

1. Install PE corrosion-protection encasement according to ASTM A 674 or AWWA C105.

G. Install PE pipe according to ASTM D 2774 and ASTM F 645.

H. Install PVC, AWWA pipe according to ASTM F 645 and AWWA M23.

I. Install fiberglass AWWA pipe according to AWWA M45.

J. Bury piping with depth of cover over top at least 30 inches (750 mm), with top at least 12 inches (300 mm) below level of maximum frost penetration, and according to the following:

1. Under Driveways: With at least 36 inches (910 mm) cover over top. 2. Under Railroad Tracks: With at least 48 inches (1220 mm) cover over top. 3. In Loose Gravelly Soil and Rock: With at least 12 inches (300 mm) additional cover.


K. Install piping by tunneling or jacking, or combination of both, under streets and other obstructions that cannot be disturbed.

L. Extend water-service piping and connect to water-supply source and building-water-piping systems at outside face of building wall in locations and pipe sizes indicated.

1. Terminate water-service piping at building wall until building-water-piping systems are installed. Terminate piping with caps, plugs, or flanges as required for piping material. Make connections to building-water-piping systems when those systems are installed.

M. Sleeves are specified in Section 200517 "Sleeves, Seals and Escutcheons for Mechanical, Plumbing and Fire Suppression."

N. Mechanical sleeve seals are specified in Section 200517 "Sleeves, Seals and Escutcheons for Mechanical, Plumbing and Fire Suppression."

O. Install underground piping with restrained joints at horizontal and vertical changes in direction. Use restrained-joint piping, thrust blocks, anchors, tie-rods and clamps, and other supports.

P. See Section 330500 "Common Work Results for Utilities" for piping connections to valves and equipment.

Q. Connect water-distribution piping to utility water main. Use [tapping sleeve and tapping valve][service clamp and corporation valve].

R. Connect water-distribution piping to interior domestic water and fire-suppression piping.

S. Connect waste piping from concrete vault drains to [sanitary sewerage system][storm-drainage system] piping.

T. Ground equipment according to Section 260526 "Grounding and Bonding for Electrical Systems."

U. Connect wiring according to Section 260519 "Low-Voltage Electrical Power Conductors and Cables."

3.18 SANITARY, WASTE AND VENT PIPING INSTALLATIONS

A. General Locations and Arrangements: Drawing plans and details indicate general location and arrangement of underground sanitary sewer piping. Location and arrangement of piping layout take into account design considerations. Install piping as indicated, to extent practical. Where specific installation is not indicated, follow piping manufacturer's written instructions.

B. Install piping beginning at low point, true to grades and alignment indicated with unbroken continuity of invert. Place bell ends of piping facing upstream. Install gaskets, seals, sleeves, and couplings according to manufacturer's written instructions for using lubricants, cements, and other installation requirements.

C. Install manholes for changes in direction unless fittings are indicated. Use fittings for branch connections unless direct tap into existing sewer is indicated.


D. Install proper size increasers, reducers, and couplings where different sizes or materials of pipes and fittings are connected. Reducing size of piping in direction of flow is prohibited.

E. When installing pipe under streets or other obstructions that cannot be disturbed, use pipe-jacking process of microtunneling.

F. Install gravity-flow, nonpressure, drainage piping according to the following:

1. Install piping pitched down in direction of flow, at minimum slope of 1 percent unless otherwise indicated.

2. Install piping NPS 6 (DN 150) and larger with restrained joints at tee fittings and at changes in direction. Use corrosion-resistant rods, pipe or fitting manufacturer's proprietary restraint system, or cast-in-place-concrete supports or anchors.

3. Install piping with 48-inch (1220-mm) minimum cover. 4. Install hub-and-spigot, cast-iron soil piping according to CISPI's "Cast Iron Soil Pipe and

Fittings Handbook." 5. Install hubless cast-iron soil piping according to CISPI 310 and CISPI's "Cast Iron Soil

Pipe and Fittings Handbook." 6. Install ductile-iron, gravity sewer piping according to ASTM A 746. 7. Install ABS sewer piping according to ASTM D 2321 and ASTM F 1668. 8. Install PVC cellular-core sewer piping according to ASTM D 2321 and ASTM F 1668. 9. Install PVC corrugated sewer piping according to ASTM D 2321 and ASTM F 1668. 10. Install PVC profile sewer piping according to ASTM D 2321 and ASTM F 1668. 11. Install PVC Type PSM sewer piping according to ASTM D 2321 and ASTM F 1668. 12. Install PVC gravity sewer piping according to ASTM D 2321 and ASTM F 1668. 13. Install fiberglass sewer piping according to ASTM D 3839 and ASTM F 1668. 14. Install nonreinforced-concrete sewer piping according to ASTM C 1479 and ACPA's

"Concrete Pipe Installation Manual." 15. Install reinforced-concrete sewer piping according to ASTM C 1479 and ACPA's

"Concrete Pipe Installation Manual."

G. Install force-main, pressure piping according to the following:

1. Install piping with restrained joints at tee fittings and at horizontal and vertical changes in direction. Use corrosion-resistant rods, pipe or fitting manufacturer's proprietary restraint system, or cast-in-place-concrete supports or anchors.

2. Install piping with 48-inch (1220-mm) minimum cover. 3. Install ductile-iron pressure piping according to AWWA C600 or AWWA M41. 4. Install ductile-iron special fittings according to AWWA C600. 5. Install PVC pressure piping according to AWWA M23 or to ASTM D 2774 and ASTM F

1668. 6. Install PVC water-service piping according to ASTM D 2774 and ASTM F 1668.

H. Install corrosion-protection piping encasement over the following underground metal piping according to ASTM A 674 or AWWA C105:

1. Hub-and-spigot, cast-iron soil pipe. 2. Hubless cast-iron soil pipe and fittings. 3. Ductile-iron pipe and fittings. 4. Expansion joints and deflection fittings.


I. Clear interior of piping and manholes of dirt and superfluous material as work progresses. Maintain swab or drag in piping, and pull past each joint as it is completed. Place plug in end of incomplete piping at end of day and when work stops.

J. Set exterior/yard cleanout frames and covers in earth in cast-in-place-concrete block, 18 by 18 by 12 inches (450 by 450 by 300 mm) deep. Set with tops 1 inch (25 mm) above surrounding grade.

K. Set cleanout frames and covers in concrete pavement and roads with tops flush with pavement surface.

L. Connect nonpressure, gravity-flow drainage piping to building's sanitary building drains specified in Section 201101 "Above Ground Piping for Mechanical, Plumbing and Fire Suppression."

M. Connect force-main piping to building's sanitary force mains specified in Section 201101 "Above Ground Piping for Mechanical, Plumbing and Fire Suppression." Terminate piping where indicated.

N. Make connections to existing piping and underground manholes.

1. Use commercially manufactured wye fittings for piping branch connections. Remove section of existing pipe, install wye fitting into existing piping, and encase entire wye fitting plus 6-inch (150-mm) overlap with not less than 6 inches (150 mm) of concrete with 28-day compressive strength of 3000 psi (20.7 MPa).

2. Make branch connections from side into existing piping, NPS 4 to NPS 20 (DN 100 to DN 500). Remove section of existing pipe, install wye fitting into existing piping, and encase entire wye with not less than 6 inches (150 mm) of concrete with 28-day compressive strength of 3000 psi (20.7 MPa).

3. Make branch connections from side into existing piping, NPS 21 (DN 525) or larger, or to underground manholes by cutting opening into existing unit large enough to allow 3 inches (76 mm) of concrete to be packed around entering connection. Cut end of connection pipe passing through pipe or structure wall to conform to shape of and be flush with inside wall unless otherwise indicated. On outside of pipe or manhole wall, encase entering connection in 6 inches (150 mm) of concrete for minimum length of 12 inches (300 mm) to provide additional support of collar from connection to undisturbed ground.

a. Use concrete that will attain a minimum 28-day compressive strength of 3000 psi (20.7 MPa) unless otherwise indicated.

b. Use epoxy-bonding compound as interface between new and existing concrete and piping materials.

4. Protect existing piping and manholes to prevent concrete or debris from entering while making tap connections. Remove debris or other extraneous material that may accumulate.

O. Connect to grease, oil, or sand interceptors specified in Section 221323 "Sanitary Waste Interceptors."


3.19 CLOSING ABANDONED SANITARY SEWER SYSTEMS

A. Abandoned Piping: Close open ends of abandoned underground piping indicated to remain in place. Include closures strong enough to withstand hydrostatic and earth pressures that may result after ends of abandoned piping have been closed. Use either procedure below:

1. Close open ends of piping with at least 8-inch-(203-mm-) thick, brick masonry bulkheads.

2. Close open ends of piping with threaded metal caps, plastic plugs, or other acceptable methods suitable for size and type of material being closed. Do not use wood plugs.

B. Abandoned Manholes: Excavate around manhole as required and use either procedure below:

1. Remove manhole and close open ends of remaining piping. 2. Remove top of manhole down to at least 36 inches (915 mm) below final grade. Fill to

within 12 inches (300 mm) of top with stone, rubble, gravel, or compacted dirt. Fill to top with concrete.

C. Backfill to grade according to Section 312000 "Earth Moving."

D. Install underground, ductile-iron, force-main piping according to AWWA C600. Install buried piping inside building between wall and floor penetrations and connection to sanitary sewer piping outside building with restrained joints. Anchor pipe to wall or floor. Install thrust-block supports at vertical and horizontal offsets.

E. Install underground, copper, force-main tubing according to CDA's "Copper Tube Handbook."

F. Plumbing Specialties:

1. Install backwater valves in sanitary waster gravity-flow piping. Comply with requirements for backwater valves specified in Section 221019 "Plumbing Piping Specialties."

2. Install cleanouts at grade and extend to where building sanitary drains connect to building sanitary sewers in sanitary drainage gravity-flow piping. Install cleanout fitting with closure plug inside the building in sanitary drainage force-main piping. Comply with requirements for cleanouts specified in Section 221019 "Plumbing Piping Specialties."

3. Install drains in sanitary drainage gravity-flow piping. Comply with requirements for drains specified in Section 221019 "Plumbing Piping Specialties."

G. Do not enclose, cover, or put piping into operation until it is inspected and approved by authorities having jurisdiction.

H. Install sleeves for piping penetrations of walls, ceilings, and floors. Comply with requirements for sleeves specified in Section 200517 "Sleeves, Seals and Escutcheons for Mechanical, Plumbing and Fire Suppression."

I. Install sleeve seals for piping penetrations of concrete walls and slabs. Comply with requirements for sleeve seals specified in Section 200517 "Sleeves, Seals and Escutcheons for Mechanical, Plumbing and Fire Suppression."


3.20 INDUSTRIAL WASTE PIPING INSTALLATIONS

A. Drawing plans, schematics, and diagrams indicate general location and arrangement of piping systems. Indicated locations and arrangements were used to size pipe and calculate friction loss, expansion, pump sizing, and other design considerations. Install piping as indicated unless deviations to layout are approved on coordination drawings.

B. Install piping at indicated slopes.

C. Install fittings for changes in direction and branch connections.

D. Install industrial waste drainage and vent piping at the following minimum slopes unless otherwise indicated:

1. Horizontal Sanitary Drainage Piping: 1 percent downward in direction of flow, or as indicated by building engineering staff.

2. Vent Piping: 1 percent down toward waste pipe, vertical fixture vent or toward vent stack.

E. Install steel piping according to applicable plumbing code.

F. Plumbing Specialties:

1. Install cleanouts as indicated on plans. Comply with requirements for cleanouts specified in Section 221019 "Plumbing Piping Specialties."

G. Do not enclose, cover, or put piping into operation until it is inspected and approved by authorities having jurisdiction.

H. Install sleeves for piping penetrations of walls, ceilings, and floors. Comply with requirements for sleeves specified in Section 200517 "Sleeves, Seals and Escutcheons for Mechanical, Plumbing and Fire Suppression."


3.21 STORM PIPING INSTALLATIONS

A. Drawing plans, schematics, and diagrams indicate general location and arrangement of piping systems. Indicated locations and arrangements were used to size pipe and calculate friction loss, expansion, pump sizing, and other design considerations. Install piping as indicated unless deviations from layout are approved on coordination drawings.

B. Install piping at indicated slopes.

C. Install piping free of sags and bends.

D. Install fittings for changes in direction and branch connections.

E. Install piping to allow application of insulation.


F. Make changes in direction for storm drainage piping using appropriate branches, bends, and long-sweep bends. Do not change direction of flow more than 90 degrees. Use proper size of standard increasers and reducers if pipes of different sizes are connected. Reducing size of drainage piping in direction of flow is prohibited.

G. Lay buried building storm drainage piping beginning at low point of each system. Install true to grades and alignment indicated, with unbroken continuity of invert. Place hub ends of piping upstream. Install required gaskets according to manufacturer's written instructions for use of lubricants, cements, and other installation requirements. Maintain swab in piping and pull past each joint as completed.

H. Install storm drainage piping at the following minimum slopes unless otherwise indicated:

1. Building Storm Drain: 1 percent downward in direction of flow for piping NPS 3 (DN 80) and smaller; 2 percent downward in direction of flow for piping NPS 4 (DN 100) and larger.

2. Horizontal Storm-Drainage Piping: 2 percent downward in direction of flow.

I. Install cast-iron soil piping according to CISPI's "Cast Iron Soil Pipe and Fittings Handbook," Chapter IV, "Installation of Cast Iron Soil Pipe and Fittings."

1. Install encasement on underground piping according to ASTM A 674 or AWWA C105.

J. Install steel piping according to latest applicable plumbing code.

K. Install underground ABS and PVC piping according to ASTM D 2321.

L. Install engineered [controlled-flow][siphonic] drain specialties and storm drainage piping in locations indicated.

M. Install force mains at elevations indicated.

N. Install underground, ductile-iron, force-main piping according to AWWA C600. Install buried piping inside building between wall and floor penetrations and connection to storm sewer piping outside building with restrained joints. Anchor pipe to wall or floor. Install thrust-block supports at vertical and horizontal offsets.

1. Install encasement on piping according to ASTM A 674 or AWWA C105.

O. Install underground, copper, force-main tubing according to CDA's "Copper Tube Handbook."

1. Install encasement on piping according to ASTM A 674 or AWWA C105.

P. Plumbing Specialties:

1. Install backwater valves in storm drainage gravity-flow piping. Comply with requirements for backwater valves specified in Section 221019 "Plumbing Piping Specialties."

2. Install cleanouts at grade and extend to where building storm drains connect to building storm sewers in storm drainage gravity-flow piping. Install cleanout fitting with closure


plug inside the building in storm drainage force-main piping. Comply with requirements for cleanouts specified in Section 221019 "Plumbing Piping Specialties."

3. Install drains in storm drainage gravity-flow piping. Comply with requirements for drains specified in Section 221019 "Plumbing Piping Specialties."

Q. Do not enclose, cover, or put piping into operation until it is inspected and approved by authorities having jurisdiction.

R. Install sleeves for piping penetrations of walls, ceilings, and floors. Comply with requirements for sleeves specified in Section 200517 "Sleeves, Seals and Escutcheons for Mechanical, Plumbing and Fire Suppression."

S. Install escutcheons for piping penetrations of walls, ceilings, and floors. Comply with requirements for escutcheons specified in Section 200517 "Sleeves, Seals and Escutcheons for Mechanical, Plumbing and Fire Suppression."

3.22 HYDRONIC PIPING INSTALLATIONS

A. Drawing plans, schematics, and diagrams indicate general location and arrangement of piping systems. Indicate piping locations and arrangements if such were used to size pipe and calculate friction loss, expansion, pump sizing, and other design considerations. Install piping as indicated unless deviations to layout are approved on Coordination Drawings.

B. Remove standing water in the bottom of trench.

C. Do not backfill piping trench until field quality-control testing has been completed and results approved.

D. Install piping at uniform grade of 0.2 percent. Install drains, consisting of a tee fitting, NPS 3/4 (DN 20) ball valve, and short NPS 3/4 (DN 20) threaded nipple with cap, at low points and elsewhere as required for system drainage. Install manual air vents at high points.

E. In conduits, install drain valves at low points and manual air vents at high points.

F. Install components with pressure rating equal to or greater than system operating pressure.

G. Install piping free of sags and bends.

H. Install fittings for changes in direction and branch connections.

I. See Section 200517 "Sleeves, Seals and Escutcheons for Mechanical, Plumbing and Fire Suppression" for sleeves and mechanical sleeve seals through exterior building walls.

J. Secure anchors with concrete thrust blocks. Concrete is specified in Section 033000 "Cast-in-Place Concrete."

K. See Section 264200 "Cathodic Protection" for cathodic devices and connections to piping and conduit systems.

L. Install fittings for changes in direction and branch connections.


M. Install sleeves for piping penetrations of walls, ceilings, and floors. Comply with requirements for sleeves specified in Section 200517 "Sleeves, Seals and Escutcheons for Mechanical, Plumbing and Fire Suppression."

N. Install sleeve seals for piping penetrations of concrete walls and slabs. Comply with requirements for sleeve seals specified in Section 200517 "Sleeves, Seals and Escutcheons for Mechanical, Plumbing and Fire Suppression."

3.23 STEAM AND CONDENSATE PIPING INSTALLATION

A. Drawing plans, schematics, and diagrams indicate general location and arrangement of piping systems. Use indicated piping locations and arrangements if such were used to size pipe and calculate friction loss, expansion, and other design considerations. Install piping as indicated unless deviations to layout are approved on Coordination Drawings.

B. Install piping to permit valve servicing.

C. Install fittings for changes in direction and branch connections.

D. Select system components with pressure rating equal to or greater than system operating pressure.

E. Install steam supply piping at a minimum uniform grade of 0.2 percent downward in direction of steam flow.

F. Install condensate return piping at a minimum uniform grade of 0.4 percent downward in direction of condensate flow.

G. Reduce pipe sizes using eccentric reducer fitting installed with level side down.

H. Install branch connections to mains using tee fittings in main pipe, with the branch connected to top of main pipe.


3.24 NATURAL-GAS PIPING INSTALLATION

A. Comply with NFPA 54 and the International Fuel Gas Code for installation and purging of natural-gas piping.

B. Connect to utility's gas main according to utility's procedures and requirements.

C. Drawing plans, schematics, and diagrams indicate general location and arrangement of piping systems. Indicated locations and arrangements are used to size pipe and calculate friction loss, expansion, and other design considerations. Install piping as indicated unless deviations to layout are approved on Coordination Drawings.

D. Install fittings for changes in direction and branch connections.


E. Verify final equipment locations for roughing-in.

F. Comply with requirements in Sections specifying gas-fired appliances and equipment for roughing-in requirements.

G. Conceal pipe installations in walls, pipe spaces, utility spaces, above ceilings, below grade or floors, and in floor channels unless indicated to be exposed to view.

H. Concealed Location Installations: Except as specified below, install concealed natural-gas piping and piping installed under the building in containment conduit constructed of steel pipe with welded joints as described in Part 2. Install a vent pipe from containment conduit to outdoors and terminate with weatherproof vent cap. 1. In Floors: Install natural-gas piping with welded or brazed joints and protective coating in

cast-in-place concrete floors. Cover piping to be cast in concrete slabs with minimum of 1-1/2 inches (38 mm) of concrete. Piping may not be in physical contact with other metallic structures such as reinforcing rods or electrically neutral conductors. Do not embed piping in concrete slabs containing quick-set additives or cinder aggregate.

2. In Floor Channels: Install natural-gas piping in floor channels. Channels must have cover and be open to space above cover for ventilation.

3. Prohibited Locations:

a. Do not install natural-gas piping in solid walls or partitions.

I. Use eccentric reducer fittings to make reductions in pipe sizes. Install fittings with level side down.

J. Connect branch piping from top or side of horizontal piping.

K. Do not use natural-gas piping as grounding electrode.

L. Install sleeves for piping penetrations of walls, ceilings, and floors. Comply with requirements for sleeves specified in Section 200517 "Sleeves, Seals and Escutcheons for Mechanical, Plumbing and Fire Suppression."

M. Install sleeve seals for piping penetrations of concrete walls and slabs. Comply with requirements for sleeve seals specified in Section 200517 "Sleeves, Seals and Escutcheons for Mechanical, Plumbing and Fire Suppression."

N. Install detectable warning tape directly above gas piping, 12 inches (300 mm) below finished grade, except 6 inches (150 mm) below subgrade under pavements and slabs.

3.25 FUEL-OIL PIPING INSTALLATION

A. Drawing plans, schematics, and diagrams indicate general location and arrangement of piping systems. Indicated locations and arrangements are used to size pipe and calculate friction loss, expansion, and other design considerations. Install piping as indicated unless deviations to layout are approved on Coordination Drawings.


B. Install Underground Fuel-Oil Piping Buried:

1. Under Compacted Backfill: 18 inches (457 mm) below finished grade. 2. Under Asphalt 2 Inches (51 mm) Thick: 8 inches (203 mm) below bottom of asphalt. 3. Under 4 Inches (102 mm) of Reinforced Concrete in Areas Subject to Vehicle Traffic: 4

inches (102 mm) below bottom of concrete. 4. If fuel-oil piping is installed with less than 12 inches (305 mm) of cover to finished

grade, install in containment piping. 5. Comply with requirements in Section 312000 "Earth Moving" for excavating, trenching,

and backfilling.

C. Install detectable warning tape directly above fuel-oil piping, 12 inches (304 mm) below finished grade, except 6 inches (152 mm) below subgrade under pavements and slabs. Terminate tracer wire in an accessible area, and identify as "tracer wire" for future use with plastic-laminate sign.

1. Piping: Over underground fuel-oil distribution piping.

3.26 LIQUEFIED-PETROLEUM PIPING INSTALLATION

A. Comply with NFPA 58 and NFPA 54 and the International Fuel Gas Code for installation and purging of LPG piping.

B. Install underground, LPG piping buried at least 36 inches (900 mm) below finished grade. Comply with requirements in Section 312000 "Earth Moving" for excavating, trenching, and backfilling.

1. If LPG piping is installed less than 36 inches (914 mm) below finished grade, install it in containment conduit.

C. Install underground, PE, LPG piping according to ASTM D 2774.

D. Steel Piping with Protective Coating:

1. Apply joint cover kits to pipe after joining to cover, seal, and protect joints. 2. Repair damage to PE coating on pipe as recommended in writing by protective coating

manufacturer. 3. Replace pipe having damaged PE coating with new pipe.

E. Copper Tubing with Protective Coating:

1. Apply joint cover kits over tubing to cover, seal, and protect joints. 2. Repair damage to PE coating on pipe as recommended in writing by protective coating

manufacturer.

F. Install fittings for changes in direction and branch connections.

G. Joints for connection to inlets and outlets on vaporizers, air mixers, regulators, and valves may be flanged or threaded to match the equipment.

H. Install anode for metallic valves in underground PE piping.


I. Concealed Location Installations: Except as specified below, install concealed LPG piping and piping installed under the building in containment conduit constructed of steel pipe with welded joints as described in Part 2. Install a vent pipe from containment conduit to outdoors and terminate with weatherproof vent cap.

1. In Floors: Install LPG piping with welded or brazed joints and protective coating in cast-in-place concrete floors. Cover piping to be cast in concrete slabs with minimum of 1-1/2 inches (38 mm) of concrete. Piping may not be in physical contact with other metallic structures such as reinforcing rods or electrically neutral conductors. Do not embed piping in concrete slabs containing quick-set additives or cinder aggregate.

2. In Floor Channels: Install LPG piping in floor channels. Channels must have cover and be open to space above cover for ventilation.

J. Do not use LPG piping as grounding Install sleeves for piping penetrations of walls, ceilings, and floors. Comply with requirements for sleeves specified in Section 200517 "Sleeves, Seals and Escutcheons for Mechanical, Plumbing and Fire Suppression."

K. Install sleeve seals for piping penetrations of concrete walls and slabs. Comply with requirements for sleeve seals specified in Section 230517 "Sleeves and Sleeve Seals for HVAC Piping."

3.27 LEAK-DETECTION AND MONITORING SYSTEM INSTALLATION

A. Install leak-detection and monitoring system. Install alarm panel inside building where indicated.

B. Double-Containment, Fuel-Oil Piping: Install leak-detection sensor probes at low points in piping or cable probes in interstitial space of double-containment piping, when called for on Drawings.

3.28 SUB-SOIL DRAINAGE PIPING INSTALLATION

A. Install sub-soil drainage piping (perforated) from lowest end of slope to highest, solidly bedded in filtering or drainage fill. Shape bed for bells of piping (if any). Place bells/hubs and groove end of units up-stream. Lay perforated pipe with perforations down.

B. Sub-soil drain pipe tube or tile shall be laid in trench with a minimum of 6" gravel on all sides. Provide filter sock and/or filter fabric on pipe.

3.29 PIPE JOINT CONSTRUCTION

A. Do not use flanges or unions for underground piping.

B. Install couplings, nipples, and transition and special fittings that have finish and pressure ratings same as or higher than system's pressure rating for underground applications unless otherwise indicated.

C. Install couplings for grooved-end piping on valves, apparatus, and equipment having NPS 2-1/2 (DN 65) and larger end connections.


D. Ream ends of pipes and tubes and remove burrs. Bevel plain ends of steel pipe.

E. Remove scale, slag, dirt, and debris from inside and outside of pipe and fittings before assembly.

F. Soldered Joints: Apply ASTM B 813, water-flushable flux, unless otherwise indicated, to tube end. Construct joints according to ASTM B 828 or CDA's "Copper Tube Handbook," using lead-free solder alloy complying with ASTM B 32.

G. Brazed Joints: Construct joints according to AWS's "Brazing Handbook," "Pipe and Tube" Chapter.

H. Brazed Joints for Copper Tubing: Comply with CDA's "Copper Tube Handbook," "Brazed Joints" chapter.

I. Threaded Joints: Thread pipe with tapered pipe threads according to ASME B1.20.1. Cut threads full and clean using sharp dies. Ream threaded pipe ends to remove burrs and restore full ID. Join pipe fittings and valves as follows:

1. Apply appropriate tape or thread compound to external pipe threads unless dry seal threading is specified.

2. Damaged Threads: Do not use pipe or pipe fittings with threads that are corroded or damaged. Do not use pipe sections that have cracked or open welds.

J. Welded Joints: Construct joints according to AWS D10.12/D10.12M, using qualified processes and welding operators according to Part 1 "Quality Assurance” Article.

1. Shop weld pipe joints where welded piping is indicated. Do not use welded joints for galvanized-steel pipe.

2. Bevel plain ends of steel fuel-oil pipe. 3. For fuel-oil piping, patch factory-applied protective coating as recommended by

manufacturer at field welds and where damage to coating occurs during construction.

K. Plastic Piping Solvent-Cemented Joints: Clean and dry joining surfaces. Join pipe and fittings according to the following:

1. Comply with ASTM F 402 for safe-handling practice of cleaners, primers, and solvent cements.

2. CPVC Piping: Join according to ASTM D 2846/D 2846M Appendix. 3. PVC Pressure Piping: Join ASTM D 1785 schedule number, PVC pipe and PVC socket

fittings according to ASTM D 2672. Join other-than-schedule number PVC pipe and socket fittings according to ASTM D 2855.

4. PVC Non-pressure Piping: Join according to ASTM D 2855.

L. Heat-Fusion Joints for PE Piping: Clean and dry joining surfaces by wiping with clean cloth or paper towels. Join according to ASTM D 2657 for socket-fusion joints.

M. Fiberglass Bonded Joints: Prepare pipe ends and fittings, apply adhesive, and join according to pipe manufacturer's written instructions.


N. Grooved Joints: Assemble joints with coupling and gasket, lubricant, and bolts. Cut or roll grooves in ends of pipe based on pipe and coupling manufacturer's written instructions for pipe wall thickness. Use grooved-end fittings and rigid, grooved-end-pipe couplings.

O. Joint Construction for Grooved-End Copper Tubing: Make joints according to AWWA C606. Roll groove ends of tubes. Lubricate and install gasket over ends of tubes or tube and fitting. Install coupling housing sections over gasket with keys seated in tubing grooves. Install and tighten housing bolts.

P. Joint Construction for Grooved-End, Ductile-Iron Piping: Make joints according to AWWA C606. Cut round-bottom grooves in ends of pipe at gasket-seat dimension required for specified (flexible or rigid) joint. Lubricate and install gasket over ends of pipes or pipe and fitting. Install coupling housing sections over gasket with keys seated in piping grooves. Install and tighten housing bolts.

Q. Steel-Piping, Cut-Grooved Joints: Cut square-edge groove in end of pipe according to AWWA C606. Assemble coupling with housing, gasket, lubricant, and bolts. Join steel pipe and grooved-end fittings according to AWWA C606 for steel-pipe joints.

R. Steel-Piping, Roll-Grooved Joints: Roll rounded-edge groove in end of pipe according to AWWA C606. Assemble coupling with housing, gasket, lubricant, and bolts. Join steel pipe and grooved-end fittings according to AWWA C606 for steel-pipe grooved joints.

S. Plastic-Piping, Solvent-Cement Joints: Clean and dry joining surfaces. Join pipe and fittings according to the following:

1. Comply with ASTM F 402 for safe-handling practice of cleaners, primers, and solvent cements. Apply primer.

2. CPVC Piping: Join according to ASTM D 2846/D 2846M Appendix. 3. PVC Piping: Join according to ASTM D 2855.

T. Joints for PEX Piping: Join according to ASTM F 1807.

U. Join gravity-flow, nonpressure, drainage piping according to the following:

1. Join hub-and-spigot, cast-iron soil piping with gasket joints according to CISPI's "Cast Iron Soil Pipe and Fittings Handbook" for compression joints.

2. Join hub-and-spigot, cast-iron soil piping with calked joints according to CISPI's "Cast Iron Soil Pipe and Fittings Handbook" for lead and oakum calked joints.

3. Join hubless cast-iron soil piping according to CISPI 310 and CISPI's "Cast Iron Soil Pipe and Fittings Handbook" for hubless-coupling joints.

4. Join ductile-iron, gravity sewer piping according to AWWA C600 for push-on joints. 5. Join ABS sewer piping according to ASTM D 2321 and ASTM D 2751 for elastomeric-

seal joints. 6. Join PVC cellular-core sewer piping according to ASTM D 2321 and ASTM F 891 for

solvent-cemented joints. 7. Join PVC corrugated sewer piping according to ASTM D 2321. 8. Join PVC profile sewer piping according to ASTM D 2321 for elastomeric-seal joints or

ASTM F 794 for gasketed joints. 9. Join PVC Type PSM sewer piping according to ASTM D 2321 and ASTM D 3034 for

elastomeric-seal joints or ASTM D 3034 for elastomeric-gasket joints.


10. Join PVC gravity sewer piping according to ASTM D 2321 and ASTM D 3034 for elastomeric-seal joints or ASTM D 3034 for elastomeric-gasket joints.

11. Join fiberglass sewer piping according to ASTM D 4161 for elastomeric-seal joints. 12. Join nonreinforced-concrete sewer piping according to ASTM C 14 (ASTM C 14M) and

ACPA's "Concrete Pipe Installation Manual" for rubber-gasket joints. 13. Join reinforced-concrete sewer piping according to ACPA's "Concrete Pipe Installation

Manual" for rubber-gasket joints. 14. Join dissimilar pipe materials with nonpressure-type, flexible or rigid couplings.

V. Join force-main, pressure piping according to the following:

1. Join ductile-iron pressure piping according to AWWA C600 or AWWA M41 for push-on joints.

2. Join ductile-iron special fittings according to AWWA C600 or AWWA M41 for push-on joints.

3. Join PVC pressure piping according to AWWA M23 for gasketed joints. 4. Join PVC water-service piping according to ASTM D 2855. 5. Join dissimilar pipe materials with pressure-type couplings.

W. Pipe couplings, expansion joints, and deflection fittings with pressure ratings at least equal to piping rating may be used in applications below unless otherwise indicated.

1. Use nonpressure flexible couplings where required to join gravity-flow, nonpressure sewer piping unless otherwise indicated.

a. Shielded flexible or rigid couplings for pipes of same or slightly different OD. b. Unshielded, increaser/reducer-pattern, flexible or rigid couplings for pipes with

different OD. c. Ring-type flexible couplings for piping of different sizes where annular space

between smaller piping's OD and larger piping's ID permits installation.

2. Use pressure pipe couplings for force-main joints.

X. Plastic, Nonpressure-Piping, Solvent-Cement Joints: Clean and dry joining surfaces. Join pipe and fittings according to the following:

1. Comply with ASTM F 402 for safe-handling practice of cleaners, primers, and solvent cements.

2. ABS Piping: Join according to ASTM D 2235 and ASTM D 2661 Appendixes. 3. PVC Piping: Join according to ASTM D 2855 and ASTM D 2665 Appendixes.

Y. Conduit and Cased Piping Joints: Assemble sections and finish joints with pourable or split insulation and exterior jacket sleeve, and apply shrink-wrap seals.

Z. PVDF Piping Heat-Fusion Joints: Make according to ASTM D 2657.

AA. PP Piping Heat-Fusion Joints: Make according to ASTM D 2657.


3.30 TRANSITION FITTING INSTALLATION

A. Install transition couplings at joints of dissimilar piping.

B. Install transition couplings at joints of piping with small differences in OD's.

3.31 WATER METER BOX INSTALLATION

A. Install water meter boxes in paved areas flush with surface.

B. Install water meter boxes in grass or earth areas with top 2 inches (50 mm) above surface.

3.32 CONCRETE VAULT INSTALLATION

A. Install precast concrete vaults according to ASTM C 891.

3.33 PROTECTIVE ENCLOSURE INSTALLATION

A. Install concrete base level and with top approximately 2 inches (50 mm) above grade.

B. Install protective enclosure over valves and equipment.

C. Anchor protective enclosure to concrete base.

3.34 MANHOLE INSTALLATION

A. General: Install manholes complete with appurtenances and accessories indicated.

B. Install precast concrete manhole sections with sealants according to ASTM C 891.

C. Install FRP manholes according to manufacturer's written instructions.

D. Form continuous concrete channels and benches between inlets and outlet.

E. Set tops of frames and covers flush with finished surface of manholes that occur in pavements. Set tops 3 inches (76 mm) above finished surface elsewhere unless otherwise indicated.

F. Install manhole-cover inserts in frame and immediately below cover.

G. Adjusting Existing Structure Top Elevation

1. Adjust top elevations of manholes and catch basins where indicated. If elevation is raised 12 inches or less, add brick courses below castings. If elevation is raised more than 12 inches, remove structure to bottom of cone or corbelling and rebuild structure. Where elevation is lowered, remove brick courses from under castings if cone is not enlarged. If cone is enlarged, remove sufficient structure and maintain cone profile. Do not batter brick masonry steeper than 2.5:1.


H. Manhole Coating: Provide drainage pit with manhole coating system applied as follows:

1. Coasting shall be three coat: 24 mil thick system of coal tar epoxy and fibrous glass cloth. 2. Brush blast surfaces prior to application of coal tar epoxy. 3. Reinforce pit corners with layers of 12, 8, and 4 inch wide strips of closely woven, oil

free glass cloth embedded in successive layers of coal tar epoxy. 4. Each coat of coal tar shall be 8 mils thick. Apply each successive phase of work

involving coal tar epoxy within 24 hours.

3.35 ANCHORAGE INSTALLATION

A. Anchorage, General: Install water-distribution piping with restrained joints. Anchorages and restrained-joint types that may be used include the following:

1. Concrete thrust blocks. 2. Locking mechanical joints. 3. Set-screw mechanical retainer glands. 4. Bolted flanged joints. 5. Heat-fused joints. 6. Pipe clamps and tie rods.

B. Install anchorages for tees, plugs and caps, bends, crosses, valves, and hydrant branches in fire-suppression water-service piping according to NFPA 24 and the following:

1. Gasketed-Joint, Ductile-Iron, Water-Service Piping: According to AWWA C600. 2. Gasketed-Joint, PVC Water-Service Piping: According to AWWA M23. 3. Bonded-Joint Fiberglass, Water-Service Piping: According to AWWA M45.

C. Apply full coat of asphalt or other acceptable corrosion-resistant material to surfaces of installed ferrous anchorage devices.

3.36 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

A. During installation, notify authorities having jurisdiction at least 24 hours before inspection must be made. Perform tests specified below in presence of authorities having jurisdiction.

1. Roughing-in Inspection: Arrange for inspection of piping before concealing or closing-in after roughing-in.

2. Final Inspection: Arrange for final inspection by authorities having jurisdiction to observe tests specified below and to ensure compliance with requirements.

B. Reinspection: If authorities having jurisdiction find that piping will not pass test or inspection, make required corrections and arrange for reinspection.

C. Perform the following tests and inspections on fire-suppression piping:

1. Use test procedure prescribed by authorities having jurisdiction or, if method is not prescribed by authorities having jurisdiction, use procedure described below.


2. Piping Tests: Conduct piping tests before joints are covered and after concrete thrust blocks have hardened sufficiently. Fill pipeline 24 hours before testing and apply test pressure to stabilize system. Use only potable water.

3. Hydrostatic Tests: Test at not less than one-and-one-half times the working pressure for two hours.

a. Increase pressure in 50-psig (350-kPa) increments and inspect each joint between increments. Hold at test pressure for one hour; decrease to zero psig (zero kPa). Slowly increase again to test pressure and hold for one more hour. Maximum allowable leakage is 2 quarts (1.89 L) per hour per 100 joints. Remake leaking joints with new materials and repeat test until leakage is within allowed limits.

D. Perform the following tests and inspections on domestic water piping:

1. Piping Tests: Conduct piping tests before joints are covered and after concrete thrust blocks have hardened sufficiently. Fill pipeline 24 hours before testing and apply test pressure to stabilize system. Use only potable water.

2. Hydrostatic Tests: Test at not less than one-and-one-half times working pressure for two hours.

a. Increase pressure in 50-psig (350-kPa) increments and inspect each joint between increments. Hold at test pressure for 1 hour; decrease to 0 psig (0 kPa). Slowly increase again to test pressure and hold for 1 more hour. Maximum allowable leakage is 2 quarts (1.89 L) per hour per 100 joints. Remake leaking joints with new materials and repeat test until leakage is within allowed limits.

E. Test sanitary drainage and vent piping according to procedures of authorities having jurisdiction or, in absence of published procedures, as follows:

1. Inspect interior of piping to determine whether line displacement or other damage has occurred. Inspect after approximately 24 inches (600 mm) of backfill is in place, and again at completion of Project.

a. Submit separate report for each system inspection. b. Defects requiring correction include the following:

1) Alignment: Less than full diameter of inside of pipe is visible between structures.

2) Deflection: Flexible piping with deflection that prevents passage of ball or cylinder of size not less than 92.5 percent of piping diameter.

3) Damage: Crushed, broken, cracked, or otherwise damaged piping. 4) Infiltration: Water leakage into piping. 5) Exfiltration: Water leakage from or around piping.

c. Replace defective piping using new materials, and repeat inspections until defects are within allowances specified.

d. Reinspect and repeat procedure until results are satisfactory.


2. Test new piping systems, and parts of existing systems that have been altered, extended, or repaired, for leaks and defects.

a. Do not enclose, cover, or put into service before inspection and approval. b. Test completed piping systems according to requirements of authorities having

jurisdiction. c. Schedule tests and inspections by authorities having jurisdiction with at least 24

hours' advance notice. d. Submit separate report for each test. e. Hydrostatic Tests: Test sanitary sewerage according to requirements of authorities

having jurisdiction and the following:

1) Fill sewer piping with water. Test with pressure of at least 10-foot (3-m) head of water, and maintain such pressure without leakage for at least 15 minutes.

2) Close openings in system and fill with water. 3) Purge air and refill with water. 4) Disconnect water supply. 5) Test and inspect joints for leaks.

f. Air Tests: Test sanitary sewerage according to requirements of authorities having jurisdiction, UNI-B-6, and the following:

1) Option: Test plastic gravity sewer piping according to ASTM F 1417. 2) Option: Test concrete gravity sewer piping according to ASTM C 924

(ASTM C 924M).

g. Force Main: Perform hydrostatic test after thrust blocks, supports, and anchors have hardened. Test at pressure not less than 1-1/2 times the maximum system operating pressure, but not less than 150 psig (1035 kPa).

1) Ductile-Iron Piping: Test according to AWWA C600, "Hydraulic Testing" Section.

2) PVC Piping: Test according to AWWA M23, "Testing and Maintenance" Chapter.

h. Manholes: Perform hydraulic test according to ASTM C 969 (ASTM C 969M).

3. Leaks and loss in test pressure constitute defects that must be repaired. 4. Replace leaking piping using new materials, and repeat testing until leakage is within

allowances specified.

F. Test storm drainage piping according to procedures of authorities having jurisdiction or, in absence of published procedures, as follows:

1. Test for leaks and defects in new piping and parts of existing piping that have been altered, extended, or repaired. If testing is performed in segments, submit separate report for each test, complete with diagram of portion of piping tested.

2. Leave uncovered and unconcealed new, altered, extended, or replaced storm drainage piping until it has been tested and approved. Expose work that was covered or concealed before it was tested.


3. Test Procedure: Test storm drainage piping on completion of roughing-in. Close openings in piping system and fill with water to point of overflow, but not less than 10-foot head of water (30 kPa). From 15 minutes before inspection starts until completion of inspection, water level must not drop. Inspect joints for leaks.

4. Repair leaks and defects with new materials and retest piping, or portion thereof, until satisfactory results are obtained.

5. Prepare reports for tests and required corrective action.

G. Perform the following tests on hydronic piping:

1. Prepare hydronic piping for testing according to ASME B31.9 and as follows:

a. Leave joints, including welds, uninsulated and exposed for examination during test.

b. Fill system with water. Where there is risk of freezing, air or a safe, compatible liquid may be used.

c. Use vents installed at high points to release trapped air while filling system.

2. Test hydronic piping as follows:

a. Subject hydronic piping to hydrostatic test pressure that is not less than 1.5 times the design pressure.

b. After hydrostatic test pressure has been applied for 10 minutes, examine joints for leakage. Remake leaking joints using new materials and repeat hydrostatic test until no leaks exist.

3. Test conduit as follows:

a. Seal vents and drains and subject conduit to 15 psig (105 kPa) for four hours with no loss of pressure. Repair leaks and retest as required.

H. Perform the following tests on steam and condensate piping:

1. Use ambient temperature water as a testing medium unless there is risk of damage due to freezing. Another liquid that is safe for workers and compatible with piping may be used.

2. Subject piping system to hydrostatic test pressure that is not less than 1.5 times the working pressure. Test pressure shall not exceed maximum pressure for any vessel, pump, valve, or other component in system under test. Verify that stress due to pressure at bottom of vertical runs does not exceed 90 percent of specified minimum yield strength.

3. After hydrostatic test pressure has been applied for at least 10 minutes, examine piping, joints, and connections for leakage. Eliminate leaks by tightening, repairing, or replacing components, and repeat hydrostatic test until there are no leaks.

I. Perform the following for fuel-oil piping:

1. Pressure Test Piping: Minimum hydrostatic or pneumatic test-pressures measured at highest point in system:

a. Fuel-Oil Distribution Piping: Minimum 5 psig (34.5 kPa) for minimum 30 minutes.


b. Fuel-Oil, Double-Containment Piping:

1) Carrier Pipe: Minimum 5 psig (34.5 kPa) for minimum 30 minutes. 2) Containment Conduit: Minimum 5 psig (34.5 kPa) for minimum 60 minutes.

c. Suction Piping: Minimum 20-in. Hg (68 kPa) for minimum 30 minutes. d. Isolate storage tanks if test pressure in piping will cause pressure in storage tanks

to exceed 10 psig (69 kPa).

2. Inspect and test fuel-oil piping according to NFPA 31, "Tests of Piping" Paragraph; and according to requirements of authorities having jurisdiction.

3. Test leak-detection and monitoring system for accuracy by manually operating sensors and checking against alarm panel indication.

4. Test and adjust controls and safeties. Replace damaged and malfunctioning controls and equipment.

5. Bleed air from fuel-oil piping using manual air vents. 6. Fuel-oil piping and equipment will be considered defective if it does not pass tests and

inspections. 7. Prepare test and inspection reports.

J. Perform the following tests and inspections on compressed-air piping:

1. Piping Leak Tests for Metal Compressed-Air Piping: Test new and modified parts of existing piping. Cap and fill general-service compressed-air piping with oil-free dry air or gaseous nitrogen to pressure of 50 psig (345 kPa) above system operating pressure, but not less than 150 psig (1035 kPa). Isolate test source and let stand for four hours to equalize temperature. Refill system, if required, to test pressure; hold for two hours with no drop in pressure.

2. Piping Leak Tests for ABS Compressed-Air Piping: Test new and modified parts of existing piping. Cap and fill general-service compressed-air piping with oil-free dry air or gaseous nitrogen, at temperature of 110 deg F (43 deg C) or less, to pressure of 40 psig (275 kPa) above system operating pressure, but not less than 100 psig (690 kPa) or more than 120 psig (825 kPa). Isolate test source and let stand for four hours to equalize temperature. Refill system, if required, to test pressure; hold for two hours with no drop in pressure.

3. Piping Leak Tests for HDPE Compressed-Air Piping: Test new and modified parts of existing piping. Cap and fill general-service compressed-air piping with oil-free dry air or gaseous nitrogen, at temperature of 100 deg F (38 deg C) or less, to pressure of 40 psig (275 kPa) above system operating pressure, but not less than 150 psig (1035 kPa) or more than 180 psig (1240 kPa). Isolate test source and let stand for four hours to equalize temperature. Refill system, if required, to test pressure; hold for two hours with no drop in pressure.

4. Repair leaks and retest until no leaks exist. 5. Inspect filters, lubricators, and pressure regulators for proper operation.


3.37 CLEANING

A. Clean and disinfect potable domestic water piping as follows:

1. Purge new piping and parts of existing piping that have been altered, extended, or repaired before using.

2. Use purging and disinfecting procedures prescribed by authorities having jurisdiction; if methods are not prescribed, use procedures described in either AWWA C651 or AWWA C652 or follow procedures described below:

a. Flush piping system with clean, potable water until dirty water does not appear at outlets.

b. Fill and isolate system according to either of the following:

1) Fill system or part thereof with water/chlorine solution with at least 50 ppm (50 mg/L) of chlorine. Isolate with valves and allow to stand for 24 hours.

2) Fill system or part thereof with water/chlorine solution with at least 200 ppm (200 mg/L) of chlorine. Isolate and allow to stand for three hours.

c. Flush system with clean, potable water until no chlorine is in water coming from system after the standing time.

d. Repeat procedures if biological examination shows contamination. e. Submit water samples in sterile bottles to authorities having jurisdiction.

B. Clean non-potable domestic water piping as follows:

1. Purge new piping and parts of existing piping that have been altered, extended, or repaired before using.

2. Use purging procedures prescribed by authorities having jurisdiction or; if methods are not prescribed, follow procedures described below:

a. Flush piping system with clean, potable water until dirty water does not appear at outlets.

b. Submit water samples in sterile bottles to authorities having jurisdiction. Repeat procedures if biological examination shows contamination.

C. Prepare and submit reports of purging and disinfecting activities. Include copies of water-sample approvals from authorities having jurisdiction.

D. Clean interior of piping system. Remove dirt and debris as work progresses.

E. Protect drains during remainder of construction period to avoid clogging with dirt and debris and to prevent damage from traffic and construction work.

F. Place plugs in ends of uncompleted piping at end of day and when work stops.

G. Exposed ABS and PVC Piping: Protect plumbing vents exposed to sunlight with two coats of water-based latex paint.

H. For sanitary, waste, vent and storm piping: clean dirt and superfluous material from interior of piping and flush with potable water. Protect drains during remainder of construction period to


avoid clogging with dirt and debris and to prevent damage from traffic and construction work. Place plugs in ends of uncompleted piping at end of day and when work stops.

3.38 IDENTIFICATION

A. Comply with requirements for labeling and pipe markers on piping according to Section 200553 “Identification for Mechanical, Plumbing and Fire Suppression Piping and Equipment.”

B. Install labeling and pipe markers on equipment and piping according to requirements in NFPA 13, for all fire suppression piping.

C. Label pressure piping with system operating pressure.

D. Install continuous underground detectable warning tape during backfilling of trench for underground fire-suppression water-service piping. Locate below finished grade, directly over piping. Underground warning tapes are specified in Section 312000 "Earth Moving."

E. Permanently attach equipment nameplate or marker indicating plastic water-service piping, on main electrical meter panel. See Section 330500 "Common Work Results for Utilities" for identifying devices.

F. Install detectable warning tape directly above gas piping, 12 inches (300 mm) below finished grade, except 6 inches (150 mm) below subgrade under pavements and slabs.

G. Detectable Warning Tape: Acid- and alkali-resistant PE film warning tape manufactured for marking and identifying underground utilities, a minimum of 6 inches (152 mm) wide and 4 mils (0.1 mm) thick, continuously inscribed with a description of utility, with metallic core encased in a protective jacket for corrosion protection, detectable by metal detector when tape is buried up to 30 inches (762 mm) deep; colored yellow.

END OF SECTION 201102


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