6. outline nonverbal comm

7/25/2019 6. Outline Nonverbal Comm

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Nonverbal

CommunicationGoing beyond words


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Defning Nonverbal Communication

Key issues to consider:

Intent

Awareness

Meaning


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Defning Nonverbal Communication

Nonverbal communicationany interaction in whicha stimulus other than words creates meaning in themind o! a sender or receiver"

Key #lements:

$" Creation o! meaning

%" &'ther than words(

Alternate a))roaches are reviewed in the Readingste*t


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General +rinci)les o! N,C

- Im)ortant !actors to remember aboutnonverbal communication .N,C/:

$" N,C is an essential )art o! determiningmeaning in comm conte*ts


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%" N,C is undervalued


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-" N, comm is ine*tricably lin0edwith , comm 1 they !unctiontogether


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- General 2ources o! N, 2timuli

+ersonal N, 2timuliN,behaviors originating !rom as)ecifc )erson

#*"when a )erson win0sshrugs their shoulders smilesetc"


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- General 2ources o! N,2timuli

,ocal N, 2timuli3ualities o! the voiceor vocal sounds se)arate !rom a verbalmessage

#*" )itch volume tone o! voice rate o!s)eech etc"


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- General 2ources o! N,2timuli

#nvironmental N, 2timuliN, cues associatedwith the setting or with ob4ects in theenvironment

#*" 5oom set6u) or state )articular ob4ects .e"g"ashtray/ )resent in a room


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Interaction o! ,erbal 7Nonverbal Cues

'ne )rimary !unction o! N, cues isinteraction w8 verbal cues" .#0man7 Kna))/

$" 5e)eat 1 Non verbal messagere)eats verbal


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%" Contradict N, 7 , disagree

N, cues ty)ically believed over ,


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-" 2ubstitute N, used in )lace o!,


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9" Com)lementN, cue )rovidessu))lementary in!o about ,

message


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" Accent draw attention to )art o! , message


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;unctions o! N, Cues


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;unctions o! N, Cues

N, also has some other more general!unctions

Communication status

5elational role status di=erential


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'ther ;unctions o! N, Cues

Communicate various states

#motional )hysical

Awareness not necessary


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'ther ;unctions o! N, Cues

Communicate immediacy.!eelings o! warmth closeness andinvolvement with others/


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9 As)ects o! N, Comm

5eview the Readingste*t !or more details

$" 5eceiver orientation

%" >oth normative 7 idiosyncratic

-" 2ub4ective

9" #ncom)asses multi)le channels


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2)ecifc ?y)es o! N,Messages: Kinesics

Kinesics 1 >ody movements" Includes !aciale*)ressions hand gestures etc"

?y)es .#0man 7 ;riesen/


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#mblems 1 common gestureswhich substitute !or words

#* 1 thumbs u) .o"0"/ sha0inghead .no/


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Illustrators 1 used toaccom)any and com)limentwords

#*" 1 moving your hands toillustrate the conce)t o! waves


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5egulators 1 regulate conversation

#*" eye contact signaling you wantto say something


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A=ect Dis)lays 1 !acial e*)ressions 8body movements which indicate

emotion

#* 1 smiling !rowning shuddering


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#volution o! @uman ;acial#*)ressions

5eview Cha)ter on ;acial #*)ressions inthe te*tboo0 by Mar0 ;ran0

#*)lores research su))orting a biological basiso! human e*)ression

#vidence !rom )hysiology

#vidence !rom cultural studies


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Ada)tors 1 nervous behaviors occurringon a very low level o! consciousness

Associated with stress

#*" 1 ta))ing your !oot when nervous withoutbeing aware o! it


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2)ecifc ?y)es o! N,Messages

+aralanguage8 +aralinguistics 1

$" ualities o! the voice

#"g" 1 how something is said

%" ,ocalicssounds other than words w8which we associate with meaning

#"g" 1 yawning laughing sighing )auses etc"

-" Non6Buencies flled )auses

#"g" uh um oh etc

VOCAL QUALITIES

$" +I?C@

%" ?'N#

-" ,'M#

9" 5A?#


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2)ecifc ?y)es o! N,Messages+hysical a))earance dress grooming andattractiveness

>ody ty)e 1 draw in!erences based on general bodyty)e

#ctomor)h

#ndomor)h

Mesomor)h


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'culesics #ye gaEe

Contact and avoidance

@a)tics use o! touch in communication


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Chronemics 1 time in communication

2everal !oci:

2)ecifc meanings communicated by time

#"g" 1 being late !or a date

Cultural em)hasis on time

+sychological time orientation .!uture )resent or )ast!ocus/


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More ?y)es o! N, Messages

'b4ectics 1 the im)act o! ob4ects andarti!acts on communication

+ro*emics 1 the study o! s)ace and distance

+ersonal'b4ects

#nvironmental ob4ects


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More ?y)es o! N, Messages

+ersonal 2)ace the distance betweenourselves and others

Culturally and relationally based

>oth unconscious and conscious

2omewhat reliably related to intimacy

Not absolute

6. outline nonverbal comm

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