Synergistic Actions Towards Localizing Institutionalized Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Mitigation Strategies: The Role of the National and Local Governments and the Academic Institutions

January 27 – 29. 2011

BoracayEcovillage Resort and Convention Center

4TH SAVE ME MOVEMENTNATIONAL CONVENTION

OBJECTIVES OF THE CONVENTION• Gather and initiate active partnership among major institutions and stakeholders on the issue of

climate change and disaster risk mitigation;

• Crystallize ideas to squarely address the problems and gaps in climate adaptation and disaster risk reduction mitigation through an interactive and open presentation and exchange of ideas among stakeholders with the end of improving climate change adaptation strategy and disaster risk mitigation initiatives in the community and the academic institutions.

• Facilitate the presentation of cases among the participants as regard to their experiences in dealing with climate change and disaster risk reduction mitigation as a public organization or institution of learning.

• Craft a collective and standardized program/s that can be implemented in the different LGUs and education institutions for climate change adaptation and disaster risk mitigation;

• Renew the commitment and dedication of the public officials, youth and student leaders in the defense of life and life sustaining elements in the universe; and,

• Craft a declaration/manifesto that will spell out thoughts and wish list of the participants in making climate change adaptation and disaster risk mitigation strategies and programs relevant, efficient, popular and participatory.

PROCESS FLOWRegistration, Commissioning

and Orientation

Opening Program and Keynote

Input 1 and 2 on the Theme

Plenary 1: Sharing of Best Practices

Action Planning per Sectoral Group

Plenary 2: Commission Reports

TOPM

DR. EDWIN CHINEL MONARESFounder and Executive Director

SAVE ME Movement, Inc.

TOWARDS A COMPREHENSIVE GRASSROOTS-BASED CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION AND DISASTER RISK REDUCTION MANAGEMENT: STATUS, CHALLENGES

AND PROSPECTS

CLIMATE CHANGE AND DISASTERS NATURE, CAUSES AND EFFECTS

• Climate Change - refers to a change in climate that can be identified by changes in the mean and/or variability of its properties and that persists for an extended period typically decades or longer, whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity. (RA 9729, Section 3, d)

• Disaster - a serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society involving widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses and impacts, which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources. Disasters are often described as a result of the combination of: the exposure to a hazard; the conditions of vulnerability that are present; and insufficient capacity or measures to reduce or cope with the potential negative consequences, Disaster impacts may include loss of life, injury, disease and other negative effects on human, physical, mental and social well-being, together with damage to property, destruction of assets, loss of services, Social and economic disruption and environmental degradation (RA 10121, Section 3, h).

VITAL DISASTER STATISTICS FOR 2010

DISASTERS IN THE PHILIPPINES TRIVIA

• World's 4th Most Accident-Prone Country - According to the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, the Philippines was the fourth most accident prone country in the world. The two institutions arrived at this conclusion after finding out that some 5,809,986 Filipinos were killed or injured as a result of disasters or man-made calamities over a ten-year period (1992-2001). 1st China - 97,783,301, 2nd India - 46,060,125 , 3rd Iran -6,416,570 , 4 th Philippines, 5th Ethiopia - 3,334,266

• According to the Philippine Red Cross, 31,835 Filipinos were killed and 94,369,462 others were affected by natural disasters and calamities in a span of 20 years. "The Philippines was a natural laboratory for floods, typhoons, monsoon rains, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and landslides," Philippine National Red Cross governor Dante Liban said. (Source: Philippine Daily Inquirer)

• Worst Disaster in History - July 12, 2000, the Philippines witnessed one of the world's most horrifying images of social tragedy in history. Nearly 500 garbage scavengers who were living literally at the Payatas dumpsite in Quezon City were buried alive under tons of garbage when a 50-foot garbage mountain collapsed on their makeshift houses at the height of torrential rains. It was a tragic commentary on poverty in the Philippines, yet the lesson remains to be learned to this day.

• Worst Sea Accidents - December 1987, some 4,341 people died when Dona Paz, an inter-island passenger ferry owned by Sulpicio Lines collided with an oil tanker off Mindoro Island. Sadly it was not to be the last sea tragedy in the Philippines, an archipelago of 7,107 islands. In 1988, around 250 people died when Dona Marilyn, another passenger ferry owned by Sulpicio Lines, sank. On April 11, 2002, at least 30 people were killed when MV Maria Carmella, which was bound from the island-province of Masbate for Lucena City in Quezon province, caught fire. Among the most frequently mentioned causes of the sea accidents were overloading of the ship, ageing facilities, badly trained crewmembers, and poor compliance by the vessels with safety precautions and measures . While the Philippines has over 7,100 islands and 10,000 ships or boats, the Philippine Coastguard has only 4,000 men.

• Worst Air Worst Air Accidents -April 19, 2000, some 131 people were killed when a commercial airplane from Manila crashed in Samal Island, Davao del Norte province (southern Mindanao). All the passengers and crew, including four infants, of Air Philippines Boeing 737-200 (Flight 541 from Manila) died in what is now considered the worst air tragedy in the Philippines. Usual crash of Helicopters killing military men, public officials and politicians. A local commercial flight bound for northern Luzon crashed into Manila Bay seven minutes after takeoff in the morning of November 11, 2002, leaving 19 people including six foreign tourists dead. Ten people survived.

• The ill-fated airplane - an ageing Fokker 27 - was bound from Manila for Laoag City in northern Luzon, with 29 passengers and crewmembers on board, when it encountered an engine trouble and crashed one kilometer off the Manila Bay shoreline in Paranaque City. The dead victims include five Australian tourists and a British national. Among the 10 survivors was an Australian tourist. The two Filipino captains of the airplane also survived, along with a flight stewardess and a plane mechanic.

• On July 2, 2000, an Air Force Nomad plane crashed somewhere in Sulu Sea, killing its 13 crewmembers and passengers, including the late Palawan Governor Salvador Socrates and Western Command chief Maj. Gen. Santiago Madrid.

• On March 17, 1957, President Ramon Magsaysay died in an airplane crash in Mount Manunggal, Cebu province.

• Worst Terrorist Attacks - April 1995, the Muslim extremist Abu Sayyaf (Bearers of the Sword) group raided the Christian town of Ipil in Zamboanga del Norte province and burned all its houses and establishments. The group also shot dead at least 54 residents of the town. The worst terrorist attack in Metro Manila took place on December 30, 2000, which was a holiday (Rizal Day). A series of bombings rocked the metropolis on that day. The worst explosion happened inside a train of the Light Rail Transit (LRT) in Manila where 22 passengers were killed and hundreds more were wounded.

• Worst Fires - March 18, 1996 a fire at Ozone disco along Timog Avenue in Quezon City left 150 people dead and 90 others seriously injured. Around 350 young Filipinos were inside the bar when the fire struck. It was considered the worst nightclub fire since a blaze killed 164 people in Southgate, Kentucky in 1977. On August 18, 2001, a fire gutted Manor Hotel in Quezon City, killing 75 guests and wounding 52 others. The victims, mostly local members of the Dawn Flowers Ministry, a Texas-based Christian evangelical group, were asleep when the fire struck. They were trapped inside their rooms because the hotel's fire exit was blocked

• Worst Bus Accident - November 24, 33 people died while six others were seriously injured when a passenger bus plunged into a 30-foot ravine in Tagkawayan, Quezon province (southern Luzon). The ill-fated Falcon Liner bus was bound for Masbate province (Bicol region) when its driver reportedly lost control of the wheel while negotiating a downhill portion of the Quirino Highway. Most of the passengers were asleep when the accident happened at 12:30 a.m. On November 26, a Victory Liner bus plunged into a 109-foot ravine in Benguet province, killing two of its passengers.

• Worst Volcanic Eruptions - In June, 1991, Mount Pinatubo in Zambales province had the century's second largest volcanic eruption, as it unleashed some 15 million tons of sulfur dioxide into the earth's atmosphere that resulted in slight cooling of the earth's temperature. Thousands of people were believed killed as a result of the eruption and the subsequent lahar flow, which buried several villages in the provinces of Pampanga, Tarlac and Zambales. The eruption also forced American troops out of their bases in Clark, Pampanga and Subic, Zambales. What is considered as the century's strongest eruption is the eruption of Novarupta in Alaska, which released 9 cubic miles of magma towards the earth's surface in June, 1912.

• Worst Typhoons and Flashfloods - As a typhoon codenamed Thelma was passing the Philippines on November 5, 1991, a flashflood hit Ormoc City in Leyte province, killing at least 3,000 people and destroying the homes of 50,000 others. In September 1984, a typhoon codenamed Ike killed 1,300 persons while in 1995 typhoon Angela killed 700 people. On August 3, 1999, heavy torrential rains caused a landslide that killed 58 people and buried over 100 houses at Cherry Hills Subsivision in Antipolo City. On November 9, 2001, a typhoon locally named "Nanang" caused a flashflood that buried 350 residents of Mahinog in the island-province of Camiguin. The highest death toll during a weather disturbance was reported in Bangladesh when a strong cyclone (typhoon) killed nearly 300,000 people in November 1970.

• Worst Earthquakes - July 16, 1990, an earthquake that registered 7.7 on the Richter scale killed 1,700 people, injured 3,000 individuals and displaced 148,000 more in Luzon. Among the cities that sustained the worst damages were Baguio, Dagupan and Cabanatuan. On August 17, 1976, an earthquake caused a tidal wave or tsunami that killed about 8,000 people in Mindanao, according to the Information Please Almanac. On August 2, 1968, an earthquake caused the collapse of Ruby Tower buildings, leaving hundreds of people trapped underneath the rubble.

DEADLIEST TYPHOONS

Rank Storm Dates of impact Deaths

1Thelma/Uring 1991

November 4-7 , 19918,000

2 September 1867 Typhoon September 20, 18671,800

3 Winnie 2004 November 27–30, 2004 1,593

4 October 1897 Typhoon October 7, 1897 1,5005 Fengshen/Frank 2008 June 20–23, 2008 1,4106 Durian/Reming 2006 November 29-December 1, 2006 1,3997 Washi/Sendong 2011 December 16-17, 2011 1,2578 Unnamed October 10, 1617 1,0009 Amy 1951 December 6–19, 1951 991

10Nina/Sisang 1987

November 23–27, 1987 979

• Worst Festival Tragedy - July 2, 1993, a pagoda carrying hundreds of Catholic devotees during the annual pagoda festival in Bocaue, Bulacan sank into the muddy Bocaue River. About 279 people, including children, drowned in the incident. One victim, Sajid Bulig, died a hero after saving four children out of the river.

• Coastal Areas Sinking - According to the University of the Philippines' National Institute of Geological Sciences, low coastal areas at the Manila Bay, such as Caloocan, Malabon, Navotas, Valenzuela and several towns in Bulacan, Pampanga and Bataan have sunk one meter in the past 30 years or ten times than the rate of the global sea level rise in the last century. In their paper "Flooding in Pampanga, Bataan, Bulacan and Camanava: Causes, Trends and Possible Solutions", geologists blamed the fast rise of water level at the Manila Bay to too much extraction of groundwater by a growing population and economic activities. There are about 23 million people living around the Manila Bay, who experience flood during the rainy season.

COSTLIEST TYPHOONS

Rank Names Dates of impact PHP1 Parma, (Pepeng) October 2-10, 2009 27.3 billion

2 Nesat, (Pedring) September 26-28, 2011 15 billion

3 Fengshen, (Frank) June 20 -23, 2008 13.5 billion

4 Ketsana, (Ondoy) September 25 -27, 2009 11 billion

5 Mike, (Ruping) November 10 - 14, 1990 10.8 billion

6 Angela, (Rosing) October 30 - November 4, 1995 10.8 billion

7 Flo, (Kadiang) October 2 - October 6, 1993 8.75 billion

8 Megi (Juan) October 18 - October 21, 2010 8.32 billion

9 Muifa (Unding), Merbok (Violeta), Winnie November 14–30, 2004 7.45 billion

10 Babs, (Loleng) October 20 - 23 1998 6.79 billion

CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION AND DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND

MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES

POLICY FORMULATION• Essential Considerations

• Broad Based Consultation

• Structure, Systems and Processes

• Policy Formulation in the Local Government Units

• Barangay

• Municipality/ City

• Province

• Policy Formulation in the Academic Institutions

• Basic Education

• Private

• Public

• Higher/Tertiary Education

• Private

• Public

CCA AND DRR PLANNING

• Top to bottom or Bottom Up Planning

• Participative Planning

• P

INFORMATION, EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION

• Social Marketing

• Formulating Communication Plan

• Formulating Collaterals

• Choice of Medium

• Above the Line

• Below the Line

• Through the Line

• Strategies in Execution

FUNDING / RESOURCE GENERATION

• Internal Sources

• Inclusion in the Budget

• External Sources

• Sponsorship

• Financial Aid

EXECUTION / IMPLEMENTATION

• Capacity Building / Training and Development

• Standardization / Coordination

• Institutionalization / Sustainability

• Social Mobilization / Volunteerism

• Networking / Partnership

MONITORING AND EVALUATION

• Feedback Mechanism

• Interventions

• Peoples’ Participation

• Sectoral Representation

MAXIMIZING THE ROLE OF HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

• Instruction

• Integration in the Curriculum/Syllabus

• Research

• Extension

• Community Services

• Production

• Manuals / Handbooks

• Mobilizing the NSTP Program Effectively

• Mobilizing Student Organizations

REPUBLIC ACT No. 10121

AN ACT STRENGTHENING THE PHILIPPINE DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, PROVIDING FOR THE NATIONAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK AND INSTITUTIONALIZING THE NATIONAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT PLAN, APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9729

AN ACT MAINSTREAMING CLIMATE CHANGE INTO GOVERNMENT POLICY FORMULATIONS, ESTABLISHING THE FRAMEWORK STRATEGY AND PROGRAM ON CLIMATE CHANGE,

CREATING FOR THIS PURPOSE THE CLIMATE CHANGE COMMISSION, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

CCA AND DRR OPPORTUNITIES

DESIGNING PRACTICAL PROGRAMS FOR CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION AND DISASTER

RISK REDUCTION AND MITIGATION

• Local Government Units

• Province

• Cities

• Municipalities

• Barangays

• SK

• Academe

• Instruction

• Research

• Extension

• Production