Help Educate the community on the severity and serious consequences of climate change.

Present ideas and solutions that businesses and individuals can implement in order to save money, conserve energy & improve the overall health of our citizens and our planet

*www.chescocooler.org

What does it mean and what can I do about it?*

Review Climate Change Science

Address How It Will Impact You

Define What Can You Do

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100,000 yrs of Ice, 20,000 yrs of Warmth Currently in a warm period (for the last 15,000 yrs) Climate Drivers Earths elliptical orbit; Natural tilt and wobble Volcanoes, Asteroid impacts, Ocean circulation, airborne dust Balance is easily tipped Manmade Greenhouse Gases: CO2/CH4/N2O/CFC

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Earth warming much faster than natural cycles Highest CO2 levels in >800,000 yrs10 hottest in last 15 yrs; 20 in last 25 Global warming is unequivocal & man madeOverwhelming scientific consensusAll US scientific agencies & IPCC agreeWhats the big deal?Burning fuels the last 100 yrs = Tremendous amounts of CO2 CO2 traps heat; Is an accelerator9 F decrease delivered an Ice AgeWhat will happen with a 3-8F increase?*

January 1, 2009: 3,146 Global Earth ScientistsIt seems that the debate on the authenticity of global warming and the role played by human activity is largely non-existent among those who understand the nuances and scientific basis of long-term climate processes.

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Science Academies Urge Faster Response to Climate Change June, 2009--The science academies of France, Germany, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom, United States, Canada, Russia, plus Brazil, China, India, Mexico, and South Africa, called on their leaders to "seize all opportunities" to address global climate change that "is happening even faster than previously estimated.

World's Science Academies Say Ocean Acidification Another Reason to Cut Emissions June, 2009--The Inter Academy Panel, a network of the world's science academies, issued a statement warning that ocean acidification caused by carbon dioxide emissions will have a profound impact on marine ecosystems *

Comprised of Scientists from Depts of: Commerce, Defense, Energy, Interior, Agriculture, State, Transportation, Health & Human Services

AndNASA, National Science Foundation, Smithsonian Institution, Agency for International Dev., EPA

ConclusionsClimate changes are real, have consequences, and need attention *

Less light and energy reflected Means Dark ocean water absorbs heat

#2: Shrinking Mountain Glaciers Every Glacier has rapid and sustained retreatMajor losses in Himalayans Reduced drinking supplies Big impact on agriculture

This means less water for food for billions. in Western USA, South America, Africa and Asia

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#3: More Acidic Oceans from Dissolved CO2

This will kill coral & disrupt the oceans food chain &

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#1 Sea Level Rise (5-9 in last 100 yrs) Projections = 3 ft by 2090 Warmer H2O expandsNew: Greenland & Antarctica both losing Ice mass !! Greenland & Antarctica = 215 feet!Even modest increases $ billions spent protecting cities (Or abandon) ~ 600 million people displacedMass migrations likely; To USA?

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Bangladesh = 162 million people 50% flooded by 2090 Maldives coral islands = 400,000 people What will people drink? - salt water intrusion everywhere

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#2 Likely Crop Failures

Higher/longer Temp = Impacts yields (Time above 86 F)Inconsistent and unpredictable rainfallEmerging agricultural diseases

Ref: Nature Conservancy : Climatewizard for each stateWolfram Schlenker at Columbia University & Michael Roberts at NC St.

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#3 Warming Permafrost & Peat Bogs:Will Release Massive Methane & CO2Latest estimate of the amount of carbon in Permafrost is 1.7 trillion tons. More than in atmosphere now.

Permafrost line now 90 miles north vs 1960.Tipping point?

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Dramatic increase in extreme hot daysIncrease in days over 90F & 100F..Vulnerable older populations at riskOutdoor sports on 100 F plus days? Tropical diseases migrate north (West Nile, Dengue fever)Changes in fish, wildlife & plant lifeRanges moving north; Numbers decliningAgricultural yields to decrease Hardwood trees decline black cherry, beech, sugar mapleWarm winters do not kill off insects

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*Source: Union of Concerned Scientists 2009

Or what You can do as an individual*

Before We Begin, A Reality Check. Significant fossil fuel dependency Shifting will take time & commitment Shifting fossil fuels will raise costs

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50% coalVehiclesElectricityIndustryAgResidentialfuels*

Biggest source of CO2PA produces 470,000 lbs/minuteLargest source of mercury, acid rain; Huge toxic ash What shall we do? Replace with cleaner alternativesSupport minimum renewable standards for utilitiesCapture with CCS condense & pipeline to Underground

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Consider 2 Powerful Concepts

1- Conservation (avoiding energy use when practical)

2- Efficiency (stretching your energy $s)

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Conserve (avoiding energy use when practical)Upgrade to much better MPG carsTurn down thermostat in winter/up in summerTurn off unused lights & power stripsTurn down H20 heater to 120

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Become More Efficient (stretching energy $s) Conduct an energy audit & act Insulate & weatherize Upgrade Heat/ Cooling: geothermal; Hi eff gas; Solar PV & Thermal Buy Energy Star/ Switch to CFL or LEDs

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Things to Consider Is there is an Energy Committee? If yes, join! If not, promote idea! Conduct audit, set company goals & implementDOE offers free audits*

Township County State Federal

Communicate Your Position with Elected Officials

Support all technologies that greatly Reduce or Eliminate CO2 Emissions: (Nat gas; Wind; Solar; Nuclear; Hi Eff buildings; Hybrid & electric vehicles; Fuel cells; Very efficient appliances; LED / CFL lights)*

Stop Bleeding $300 Billion / yron Oil Sen. Lindsey Graham (R-SC) We cannot sacrifice another job to competitors overseas. China and India are among the many countries investing heavily in clean-energy technologies that will produce millions of jobs..

Six months ago my biggest worry was that an emissions deal would make American business less competitive compared to China; Now my concern is that every day that we delay trying to find a price for carbon is a day that China uses to dominate the green economy.

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"Power companies need and want to be part of America's clean energy transition," -David Crane, president and CEO of NRG Energy Inc., which owns and operates more than 24,000 megawatts of electricity generation capacity in the U.S.

"But we need the certainty of clear rules and strong policies that will help us invest in that transition while also addressing climate change and keeping power affordable." "The same inventive solutions that will help the environment will also help move the airline industry forward," - David Cush, president and CEO of Virgin America, a U.S. commercial passenger airline.

"The United States can't afford to fall behind in the global race to lead the new energy economy," - Jonathan Wolfson, CEO of Solazyme, a leading renewable oil and bioproducts company. *

We are virtually certain that climate change is occurring, and occurring because of mans activities.

Were virtually certain the probability distribution curve is all bad. There are no good things thatll come of this

J. Wayne Leonard, CEO of Entergy Corporation (utility based in New Orleans, Louisiana)

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Dell, DuPont, FPL, Google, HP, Johnson & Johnson, Levi Strauss, PG&E , Duke Energy, Xanterra sent the US Senate a letter urging them to pass a bill that will cut GHG emissions - jumpstart a clean energy economyDow Chemical Co., Entergy Corp., Nike Inc. and more than 140 other companies support a comprehensive climate and energy senate bill A rapidly changing climate is reshaping the American landscape and poses a long-term threat to our nations economy and to our childrens future.

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A range of cost estimates have all concluded that the costs of tackling climate change range from 1-3% of GDP & would provide cost savings and create jobs.

The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have cost so far: $950 B. about 5% of GDP

Americans spend 5.6% of after tax income on entertainment

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Wal-Marts new sustainability goal: to eliminate 20 million metric tons of greenhouse gases from the supply chain by 2015.

This amount, roughly equivalent to the companys total corporate emissions last year, the equivalent of taking more than 3.8 million cars off the road for a year.

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CEO of Lutex: Hong Kong-based soap and cosmetics maker:

Wal-Mart Stores is urging him to pay attention to Environmental details. Energy-saving details. Not just everyday low prices, but low greenhouse gas emissions.

We heard that in the future, to become a Wal-Mart supplier, you have to be an environmentally friendly company, Fung said. So we switched some of our products and the way we produced them.

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Overwhelming evidence & Consensus Serious consequences Our children/grandchildren are at risk It Starts with You*

U.S. Agency for International DevelopmentUnited States Department of AgricultureNational Oceanic & Atmospheric AdministrationNational Institute of Standards and TechnologyUnited States Department of DefenseUnited States Department of EnergyNational Institutes of HealthUnited States Department of StateUnited States Department of TransportationU.S. Geological SurveyU.S. Environmental Protection AgencyUniversity Corporation for Atmospheric ResearchNational Center for Atmospheric ResearchNational Aeronautics & Space AdministrationNational Science FoundationSmithsonian InstitutionInternational Arctic Science CommitteeArctic CouncilAustralian Academy of SciencesRoyal Flemish Academy of Belgium for Sciences and the ArtsAcademia Brasileira de CinciasRoyal Society of CanadaCaribbean Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesAcadmie des Sciences, FranceDeutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina of GermanyIndonesian Academy of SciencesRoyal Irish AcademyAccademia nazionale delle scienze of ItalyIndian National Science AcademyScience Council of JapanKenya National Academy of SciencesAcademy of Sciences MalaysiaAcademia Mexicana de CienciasNigerian Academy of SciencesRoyal Society of New ZealandPolish Academy of SciencesRussian Academy of ScienceslAcadmie des Sciences et Techniques du SngalAcademy of Science of South AfricaSudan Academy of SciencesSwedish Royal Academy of SciencesTanzania Academy of SciencesTurkish Academy of Sciences

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The Royal Society of the United KingdomNational Academy of Sciences, United StatesZambia Academy of SciencesZimbabwe Academy of ScienceAmerican Academy of PediatricsAmerican Association for the Advancement of ScienceAmerican Association of Wildlife VeterinariansAmerican Astronomical SocietyAmerican Chemical SocietyAmerican College of Preventive MedicineAmerican Geophysical UnionAmerican Institute of PhysicsAmerican Medical AssociationAmerican Meteorological SocietyAmerican Physical Society

American Public Health AssociationAmerican Quaternary AssociationAmerican Institute of Biological SciencesAmerican Society of AgronomyAmerican Society of Plant BiologistsAmerican Statistical AssociationAssociation of Ecosystem Research CentersAmerican Society for MicrobiologyBotanical Society of AmericaCrop Science Society of AmericaEcological Society of AmericaFederation of American ScientistsGeological Society of AmericaNational Association of Geoscience TeachersNatural Science Collections AllianceOrganization of Biological Field StationsSociety of American ForestersSociety for Industrial and Applied MathematicsSociety of Systematic BiologistsSoil Science Society of AmericaAustralian Coral Reef SocietyAustralian Medical AssociationAustralian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society

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Engineers AustraliaFederation of Australian Scientific and Technological SocietiesGeological Society of AustraliaBritish Antarctic SurveyInstitute of Biology, UKRoyal Meteorological Society, UKCanadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric SciencesCanadian Meteorological and Oceanographic SocietyEuropean Federation of GeologistsEuropean Geosciences UnionEuropean Physical SocietyEuropean Science FoundationInternational Association for Great Lakes ResearchInternational Union for Quaternary ResearchInternational Union of Geodesy and GeophysicsIntergovernmental Panel on Climate ChangeWorld Federation of Public Health AssociationsWorld Health OrganizationWorld Meteorological Organization

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Questions?*

*According to recent estimates from the Integrated Global Systems Model at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the median forecast is for a climb of 9 degrees Fahrenheit by centurys end, in the absence of effective countermeasures. According to the same M.I.T. model, there is a 10 percent chance that the average global temperature will rise more than 12.4 degrees by 2100, Warming on that scale would be truly catastrophic. Most people would pay a substantial share of their wealth much more, certainly, than the modest cost of a carbon tax to avoid having someone pull the trigger on a gun pointed at their Kids head with one bullet and nine empty chambers. Yet thats the kind of risk that some people think we should take.

Robert H. Frank is an economist at the Johnson Graduate School of Management at Cornell University.

United States Environmental Protection Agency http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/National Academies of Science http://www.nationalacademies.org/PEW Center www.pewclimate.org/global-warming-basicsReal climate. Can search by topics and skeptics arguments. www.realclimate.orgUnited States Department of Energy http://www.energy.gov/

Intergovernmental Panel on climate change; www.ipcc.ch

Hot, Flat & Crowded- Thomas Friedman

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http://www.treehugger.com/files/2009/10/wheres-political-engagement-climate-change-reductions-soy-corn-yields.php

A new analysis of U.S. climate projections from The Nature Conservancy finds that temperatures in the worst-hit states could be up to 10 degrees Fahrenheit hotter than present-day levels by the year 2100. http://www.climatewizard.org/

The mass changes of both Greenland and Antarctica ice sheets (the biggest in the world) during the last 7 yrs have all been negative. The rates of lose have accelerated. We should be concerned Geophysicist I. Velicogna of NASAs Jet Propulsion Lab in press

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Represent 35% of GHG emissionsQuickly move to hybrids; Then electric vehicles(as move away from coal)Airplanes & Trucks use bio fuels from microbes or Natural gas for large trucks

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**This threat is as real and serious as that from terrorism. I am a scientist with yrs of exp at dupont. have been following the science for 17rs both at dupont and now retired. It has grown in data and consensus and more scary. I am concerned about my kids and grandchildren. *GHG = CO2 21X plus methane from coal mines; landfills; permafrost and peat bogs warming up; livestock; N2O (310x) laughing gas -from farming; fluorinated man made gases (10,000X); ***Read the words*Read the words*This is the official US science position on CC; best and brightest; some out there may disagree always look for their references must be in peer reviewed journals or is not science is opinion based on ?? What.. / be very skeptical of all statements without supporting data and ref to peer reviewed journals. No deniers do R&D they cherry pick from others publications. **After a summer season of Arctic sea ice melt, the ice it reaches its minimum extent. This image was taken a year after the satellite record began.Satellite Image: NASA*Last summer (2007) the record-breaking minimum sea ice extent surprised scientists.Satellite Image: NASA***The mass changes of both Greenland and Antarctica ice sheets (the biggest in the world) during the last 7 yrs have all been negative. The rates of lose have accelerated. We should be concerned Geophysicist I. Velicogna of NASAs Jet Propulsion Lab . To be published in Geophysical research letters. Data from 2 satellites that weigh bymeasuring changes in gravity over ice. For the International Polar Year, scientists from more than 60 countries have been conducting intense Arctic and Antarctic research over the past two southern summer seasons -- on the ice, at sea, and via icebreaker, submarine and surveillance satellite.The biggest west Antarctic glacier, the Pine Island Glacier, is moving 40 percent faster than it was in the 1970s, discharging water and ice more rapidly into the ocean, Summerhayes said.The Smith Glacier, also in west Antarctica, is moving 83 percent faster than it did in 1992, he said.All the glaciers in the area together are losing a total of around 103 billion tons (114 billion U.S. tons) per year because the discharge is much greater than the new snowfall, he said."That's equivalent to the current mass loss from the whole of the Greenland ice sheet," Summerhayes said, adding that the glaciers' discharge was making a significant contribution to the rise in sea levels. "We didn't realize it was moving that fast."The glaciers are slipping into the sea faster because the floating ice shelf that would normally stop them -- usually 650 to 980 feet (200 to 300 meters) thick -- is melting.

*Salt water intrusion in the USA on east coast and gulf coasts. Shangha already having salt intrusion*NYC already pumps billons of gal from subways what cost dikes? *Models predict many more days above 90 across the nation; south and SW and midwest esp hotter see nature conservancy tool ref pageTime above is total hrs for corn/ soy beans/ cotton**Ecologist Chris Field of the Carnegie Institution for Science, who is overseeing the next IPCC reports section on impacts, gave an update on his analysis of the behavior of carbon stocks in the soil, permafrost, and plants. Its a problem IPCC underemphasized 2 years ago, he said. The latest estimate of the amount of carbon in permafrost is 1.7 trillion tons, more than twice the 2007 estimate. Bogs: Equivalent to 1/2 of all CO2 in the atmosphereReference: Kintisch, E. 2009. Projections of Climate Change Go From Bad to Worse, Scientists Report. Science, 323: 1546-1547.Photo upper right: Lizette Kabr/University Of Copenhagen in Science 20 March 2009 Vol 323 p 1546.Photo lower left: Vladimir E. Romanovsky, BP Building in ACIA. 2004. Impacts of a Warming Arctic: Arctic Climate Impact Assessment. Cambridge University Press, page 89.

Chester county = Pa *Chester county = Pa ****Emits: mercury all fish in USA have some hg; 25% above EPA safe level; many ducks and otters have Hg; all from burning coal; also acid gases SO2; NO2; particulates; Home Depot is funding the planting of 300,000 trees in cities across the US to help absorb carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions... The CO2 emissions from only one medium-sized (500 MW) coal-fired power plant, will negate this entire effort. In how much time?( ) 10 days WAL-MART Wal-Mart is investing a half billion dollars to reduce the energy consumption and CO2 emissions of their existing buildings by 20% over the next seven years. If every Wal-Mart Supercenter met this target... The CO2 emissions from only one medium-sized coal-fired power plant, would negate this entire effort. In how much time?= one month. ****Univ. of Delaware, funded by DOE, will provide free audits for businesses*It ain;t just the enviros; read the first two*Read 2nd sentence*It ain;t just the enviros; read the first two******