4.2.1 miibd rules of stopping biologics european ...€¦ · seriousinfecdon 596 (4.5)$ 373 (4.8)$...

26
The Rules of Stopping Biologics: A European Perspec9ve Alessandro Armuzzi, MD, PhD IBD Unit Complesso Integrato Columbus – Catholic University Rome, Italy

Upload: others

Post on 19-Nov-2020

0 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: 4.2.1 MIIBD Rules of Stopping Biologics European ...€¦ · SeriousinfecDon 596 (4.5)$ 373 (4.8)$ 184 (3.6)$ 39 (10.2)$ Malignancy$ 90 (0.7) $ 23 (0.3) $ 57 (1.1) $ 10 (2.6) $ Intesnalstricture$

The  Rules  of  Stopping  Biologics:  A  European  Perspec9ve  

Alessandro  Armuzzi,  MD,  PhD    

IBD  Unit  

Complesso  Integrato  Columbus  –  Catholic  University  

Rome,  Italy  

Page 2: 4.2.1 MIIBD Rules of Stopping Biologics European ...€¦ · SeriousinfecDon 596 (4.5)$ 373 (4.8)$ 184 (3.6)$ 39 (10.2)$ Malignancy$ 90 (0.7) $ 23 (0.3) $ 57 (1.1) $ 10 (2.6) $ Intesnalstricture$

How  long  for?  

34.7%  

27.4%  

0  0   3   6   9   12   15   18   21   24  

10  

20  

30  

40  

Time  (months)  

Hospitalisa9

on,  surgery  

or  com

plica9

ons  (%

)  

HR  (95%  CI)  =  0.73  (0.62,  0.86),  p<0.001  

Khanna  R,  et  al.  Lancet  2015  

CM  ECI  

REACT  1:  Dme  to  first  hospitalisaDon,  surgery  or  complicaDon  

Early  combined  immunosuppression  bears  a  poten9al  to  slow  down  diges9ve  damage  in  CD  

Adapted  from  Louis  E  et  al.  Gut.  2001  

10  years:    P<0.0001  

Change  at  1    Year:  P=0.04  

Inflammatory   Stricturing  

Fistulizing  

Crohn’s  disease  long-­‐term  behaviour  

Page 3: 4.2.1 MIIBD Rules of Stopping Biologics European ...€¦ · SeriousinfecDon 596 (4.5)$ 373 (4.8)$ 184 (3.6)$ 39 (10.2)$ Malignancy$ 90 (0.7) $ 23 (0.3) $ 57 (1.1) $ 10 (2.6) $ Intesnalstricture$

Avoidance  of  long-­‐term  bowel  

damage  and  subsequent  disability  

Treat-­‐to-­‐target  concepts  in  IBD  

Adapted  from  Bouguen  G,  et  al.  ClGH  2014  Peyrin-­‐Biroulet  L,  et  al.  AJG  2015    

Target  Target  Low  

High  

Baseline  assessment   Assessment   Assessment  

Iden'fica'on  of  a  pre-­‐defined  

objec've  target  

Unreached  target  

How  long  for?  

Page 4: 4.2.1 MIIBD Rules of Stopping Biologics European ...€¦ · SeriousinfecDon 596 (4.5)$ 373 (4.8)$ 184 (3.6)$ 39 (10.2)$ Malignancy$ 90 (0.7) $ 23 (0.3) $ 57 (1.1) $ 10 (2.6) $ Intesnalstricture$

Prac9cal  short-­‐  and  long-­‐term  common  goals  in  the  management  of  IBD  

- Induce

clinical (+ endoscopic) remission

- Maintain

clinical (+ endoscopic) steroid-free remission

- Prevent complications (disease- and therapy-related)

- Optimise timing of surgery

- Improve patient-QoL

Page 5: 4.2.1 MIIBD Rules of Stopping Biologics European ...€¦ · SeriousinfecDon 596 (4.5)$ 373 (4.8)$ 184 (3.6)$ 39 (10.2)$ Malignancy$ 90 (0.7) $ 23 (0.3) $ 57 (1.1) $ 10 (2.6) $ Intesnalstricture$

Benefits and risks of anti-TNFs in IBD  

Benefits  

● Efficacious  for  moderate  to  severe  and/or  IM-­‐refractory  IBD  

● Important  role  in  accelerated  Step-­‐up/Top-­‐Down  strategies  

● High  poten9al  for  MH  

● Reduc9on  in  hospitaliza9on/surgeries  (?)  

● Improved  quality  of  life  

● Preven9on  of  disease  progression/complica9ons  (+/-­‐)  

Risks  

● Allergic  reac9ons  

● Cutaneous  reac9ons  

● (Dys)Immune  disorders  

● Infec9ons    (severe,  opportunis9c)  

● Tumours    and  lymphomas  

● Costs  

Page 6: 4.2.1 MIIBD Rules of Stopping Biologics European ...€¦ · SeriousinfecDon 596 (4.5)$ 373 (4.8)$ 184 (3.6)$ 39 (10.2)$ Malignancy$ 90 (0.7) $ 23 (0.3) $ 57 (1.1) $ 10 (2.6) $ Intesnalstricture$

Why  should  we  stop  an9-­‐TNFs  (biologics)  in  IBD?  (…  if  they  keep  working  on  a  pa9ent)  

•  Medical  reasons  (Benefit/Risk)  –  Over-­‐treatment  of  long-­‐9me  remieers  –  Safety  concerns  

•  PaDents  may  ask  for  it  –  Convenience  –  Pa9ents  do  not  like  to  take  drugs  –  Pa9ents  may  be  afraid  of  complica9ons  –  Specific  situa9ons  (e.g.  pregnancy,  elderly)  

•  Payor  push  back/cost  –  Medical  costs  

Page 7: 4.2.1 MIIBD Rules of Stopping Biologics European ...€¦ · SeriousinfecDon 596 (4.5)$ 373 (4.8)$ 184 (3.6)$ 39 (10.2)$ Malignancy$ 90 (0.7) $ 23 (0.3) $ 57 (1.1) $ 10 (2.6) $ Intesnalstricture$

Waugh  AW  et  al.  APT  2010  

Reason  for  discon9nuing  an9-­‐TNFs  while  in  clinical  remission  

Reason   N  (%)  

Physician  choice   14  (32.6)  

Loss  of  insurance   8  (18.6)  

Pa9ent  choice   8  (18.6)  

Adverse  events   7  (16.3)  

Pregnancy   6  (13.9)  

Page 8: 4.2.1 MIIBD Rules of Stopping Biologics European ...€¦ · SeriousinfecDon 596 (4.5)$ 373 (4.8)$ 184 (3.6)$ 39 (10.2)$ Malignancy$ 90 (0.7) $ 23 (0.3) $ 57 (1.1) $ 10 (2.6) $ Intesnalstricture$

Lichtenstein  G,  et  al.  AJG  2012  

Incidence  of  infec9ons  in  the  TREAT  registry  

Treatment  group  Number  

of  paDents  

Number  of  

events  

Number  of  paDent-­‐years  

Unadjusted  rate  

per  100  paDent-­‐years  

Unadjusted  RR  (95%  CI)  raDo  

P  value  

Serious  infecDon  

Other  treatments  only   4557   147   14710   1.00   1.00  (ref)  

Infliximab  treated   3420   333   16296   2.04   2.04  (1.45,  2.89)   <0.001  

Serious  infecDon  according  to  infliximab  exposure  within  the  previous  3  months  

Other  treatments  only   5597   317   22344   1.42   1.00  (ref)  

Infliximab  treated   2942   163   7923   2.06   1.45  (1.10,  1.91)   0.008  

●  ProspecDve,  mulDcentre,  observaDonal  registry  (USA  +  Canada)  ●  6273  paDents,  5.2  years  mean  follow-­‐up  (>30,000  pa9ent-­‐years)  

Page 9: 4.2.1 MIIBD Rules of Stopping Biologics European ...€¦ · SeriousinfecDon 596 (4.5)$ 373 (4.8)$ 184 (3.6)$ 39 (10.2)$ Malignancy$ 90 (0.7) $ 23 (0.3) $ 57 (1.1) $ 10 (2.6) $ Intesnalstricture$

p=0.011  

-­‐CS  0  

5  

10  

15  

%  PaD

ents  with  

seriou

s  infecDon

 

+CS   -­‐CS   +CS   -­‐IMM   +IMM  

-­‐IMM   +IMM  

171/2329   93/913   120/1228   68/591   264/3242   188/1819  

7.3  

10.2   9.8  10.7  

8.1  

10.3  

p=0.01  

p=0.014  

p=0.048  

D’Haens  G  et  al.  UEGW  2013.  Abstract  OP214.  

Incidence  of  infec9ons  in  the  PYRAMID  registry  

PYRAMID:  mul9centre,  uncontrolled,  6-­‐year  non-­‐interven9onal  registry  to  evaluate  the  long-­‐term  safety  of  adalimumab  • 5061  pa9ents  enrolled  and  treated  • Cumula9ve  ADA  exposure:  13,914.2  pa9ent-­‐years    • Median  dura9on  of  cumula9ve  exposure:  3.02  years  (range  0.04–5.11)    

Page 10: 4.2.1 MIIBD Rules of Stopping Biologics European ...€¦ · SeriousinfecDon 596 (4.5)$ 373 (4.8)$ 184 (3.6)$ 39 (10.2)$ Malignancy$ 90 (0.7) $ 23 (0.3) $ 57 (1.1) $ 10 (2.6) $ Intesnalstricture$

D’Haens  G  et  al.  UEGW  2013.  Abstract  OP214.  

Incidence  of  infec9ons  in  the  PYRAMID  registry    (results  at  year  5)  

Any  ADA  All  paDents  Events/100  

PY  

Any  ADA  Age  (years)  

Events/100  PY  

N=5061  13351  PY  

<40  yrs  N=2999  7815  PY  

40–65  yrs  N=1907  5152  PY  

≥65  yrs  N=155  383  PY  

Serious  AE   3389  (25.4)   1978  (25.3)   1244  (24.1)   167  (43.5)  

AE  leading  to  disconDnuaDon  

530  (4.0)   306  (3.9)   199  (3.9)   25  (6.5)  

InfecDon   928  (7.0)   576  (7.4)   305  (5.9)   47  (12.3)  

Serious  infecDon   596  (4.5)   373  (4.8)   184  (3.6)   39  (10.2)  

Malignancy   90  (0.7)   23  (0.3)   57  (1.1)   10  (2.6)  

IntesDnal  stricture   412  (3.1)   245  (3.1)   160  (3.1)   7  (1.8)  

Page 11: 4.2.1 MIIBD Rules of Stopping Biologics European ...€¦ · SeriousinfecDon 596 (4.5)$ 373 (4.8)$ 184 (3.6)$ 39 (10.2)$ Malignancy$ 90 (0.7) $ 23 (0.3) $ 57 (1.1) $ 10 (2.6) $ Intesnalstricture$

Incidence  of  non-­‐Hodgkin’s  T-­‐cell  Lymphomas  in  the  REFURBISH  study  

Deepak  P  et  al.  Am  J  Gastroenterology  2013;108:99–105.  

Thio  

AnD-­‐TNF  

AnD-­‐TNF  with    thio  

Thio  

AnD-­‐TNF  

AnD-­‐TNF  with  thio  

0.01  

p<0.0001  

p=1.00  

p<0.0001  

p<0.0001  

p=1.00  

p<0.0001  

10  1  0.1   1000   10000  Odds  raDo  with  95%  confidence  intervals  

100  

Type  of  therapy  

T-­‐NHL  

HSTCL  

95% CI 5 - 354

95% CI 8 - 945

95% CI 3 - 993

95% CI 7 - 3045

Page 12: 4.2.1 MIIBD Rules of Stopping Biologics European ...€¦ · SeriousinfecDon 596 (4.5)$ 373 (4.8)$ 184 (3.6)$ 39 (10.2)$ Malignancy$ 90 (0.7) $ 23 (0.3) $ 57 (1.1) $ 10 (2.6) $ Intesnalstricture$

Van  der  Walk  ME,  et  al.  Gut  2014  

Healthcare  costs  of  IBD  have  shiped  from  hospitalisa9on  and  surgery  towards  an9-­‐TNFα  therapy  (COIN  study)  

Comparison  of  distribu9on  of  healthcare  costs  

1315  CD  pa9ents  and  937  UC  pa9ents  Cost  items  were  derived  from  a  3  month  follow-­‐up  web-­‐based  ques9onnaire  Costs  were  expressed  as  mean  3-­‐month  costs  per  pa9ents  

Page 13: 4.2.1 MIIBD Rules of Stopping Biologics European ...€¦ · SeriousinfecDon 596 (4.5)$ 373 (4.8)$ 184 (3.6)$ 39 (10.2)$ Malignancy$ 90 (0.7) $ 23 (0.3) $ 57 (1.1) $ 10 (2.6) $ Intesnalstricture$

Long-­‐term  “real-­‐life”  experiences  with  an9-­‐TNFs  in  IBD  

Schnitzler  F,  et  al.  Gut  2009;  Baert  F,  et  al.  J  Crohns  Coli9s  2013;  Armuzzi  A  et  al.    Dig  Liver  Dis  2013;  Armuzzi  A  ,  et  al.  Inflamm  Bowel    Dis  2014  

CD  -­‐  IFX  

CD  -­‐  ADA  

UC  -­‐  IFX  

UC  -­‐  ADA  

≈  2/3  of  paDents  are  in  “sustained“  clinical  benefit  at  long-­‐term  follow  up  

Page 14: 4.2.1 MIIBD Rules of Stopping Biologics European ...€¦ · SeriousinfecDon 596 (4.5)$ 373 (4.8)$ 184 (3.6)$ 39 (10.2)$ Malignancy$ 90 (0.7) $ 23 (0.3) $ 57 (1.1) $ 10 (2.6) $ Intesnalstricture$

An9-­‐TNF  Withdrawal  in  IBD:  Relapse  and  Recapture  Rates  and  Predic9ve  Factors  From  160  Pa9ents  in  a  Pan-­‐UK  Study  

Kennedy  NA,  et  al.  DDW  2015:S62  

-­‐  160  IBD  in  CS-­‐free  remission  -­‐  median  follow-­‐up  9me:  25  months  post  withdrawal  -­‐  Younger  age  at  diagnosis  (p<.003)  and  elevated  WCC(p<.04)  predic9ve  of  relapse  -­‐  Re-­‐introduc9on  of  an9-­‐TNF  successful    in  92%  

Page 15: 4.2.1 MIIBD Rules of Stopping Biologics European ...€¦ · SeriousinfecDon 596 (4.5)$ 373 (4.8)$ 184 (3.6)$ 39 (10.2)$ Malignancy$ 90 (0.7) $ 23 (0.3) $ 57 (1.1) $ 10 (2.6) $ Intesnalstricture$

Casanova  Gonzalez  MJ,  et  al.  UEGW  2015:OP92  

Evolu9on  aper  an9-­‐TNF  drug  discon9nua9on  in  IBD  (mul9center  retrospec9ve  observa9onal  study  –  Spain)  

1)  Relapse  aper  discon9nua9on:    Incidence  rate:  18%  per  pts-­‐yr  (95%CI  17-­‐20)  

1055  IBD  (69%  CD)  in  which  an9-­‐TNFs  had  been  withdrawn  aper  clinical  remission  

2)  Lower  risk  of  relapse  (mul9variate):    IM  treatment  aper  discon9nua9on  (HR  0.7,  95%CI  0.6-­‐0.9)  

3)  69%  of  relapsers  retreated  with  the  same  agent:  75%  remission  at  FU,  11%  mild  adverse  events  

Page 16: 4.2.1 MIIBD Rules of Stopping Biologics European ...€¦ · SeriousinfecDon 596 (4.5)$ 373 (4.8)$ 184 (3.6)$ 39 (10.2)$ Malignancy$ 90 (0.7) $ 23 (0.3) $ 57 (1.1) $ 10 (2.6) $ Intesnalstricture$

Louis  E,  et  al.  Gastroenterology  2012  

115  CD  paDents  in  remission  on  IFX+AZA  (CDAI<150  and  steroid  free  ≥6  months)  

Factor   HR  (95%CI)   P  

No  previous  surgery   4.0  (1.4-­‐11.4)   0.01  

Steroids  (month  -­‐12  to  -­‐6)   3.5  (1.1-­‐10.7)   0.03  

Hemoglobin  ≤  14.5  (g/dl)     6.0  (2.2-­‐16.5)   <0.001  

Male  Gender   3.7  (1.9-­‐7.4)   <0.001  

Fecal  calpro  ≥  300  μg/g   2.5  (1.1-­‐5.8)   0.04  

Infliximab  TL  ≥  2  mg/L   2.5  (1.1-­‐5.4)   0.02  

WBC  >  6  (103/ml)   2.2  (1.2-­‐4.2)   0.01  

CRP  hs  >  5  (mg/l)   3.2  (1.6-­‐6.4)   <0.001  

CDEIS  >  0   2.3  (1.1-­‐4.9)   0.04  

Median follow up 28+/- 2 months

52.2% relapse 43.9% relapse

Maintenance  of  remission  among  pa9ents  with  CD  on  an9-­‐metabolite  therapy  aper  IFX  therapy  is  stopped  (STORI)  

Page 17: 4.2.1 MIIBD Rules of Stopping Biologics European ...€¦ · SeriousinfecDon 596 (4.5)$ 373 (4.8)$ 184 (3.6)$ 39 (10.2)$ Malignancy$ 90 (0.7) $ 23 (0.3) $ 57 (1.1) $ 10 (2.6) $ Intesnalstricture$

Bessissow    T,  et  al.  AJG  2012  

75  UC  pa9ents  with  Mayo  endo  score  =  0  and  1-­‐year  FU  

Factors   OR  (95%  CI)   P  

Basal  plasmacytosis   5.13  (1.32-­‐19.99)   0.019  

Biologics   0.24  (0.05-­‐1.01)   0.052  

Prognos9c  Value  of  Histologic  Markers  on  Clinical  Relapse  in  Ulcera9ve  Coli9s  Pa9ents  With  MH  

Page 18: 4.2.1 MIIBD Rules of Stopping Biologics European ...€¦ · SeriousinfecDon 596 (4.5)$ 373 (4.8)$ 184 (3.6)$ 39 (10.2)$ Malignancy$ 90 (0.7) $ 23 (0.3) $ 57 (1.1) $ 10 (2.6) $ Intesnalstricture$

DE-­‐ESCALATION  OF  BIOLOGICS  IN  IBD    

Systema9c  Review  of  Effects  of  Withdrawal  of  IM  or  Biologic  Agents  From  Pa9ents  with  IBD  

•  69  studies  (4672  paDents):    18  on  de-­‐escala9on  (drug  cessa9on  or  dose  reduc9on)  of  immunomodulator  monotherapy  

 8  on  immunomodulator  de-­‐escala9on  from  combina9on  therapy  

 43  on  de-­‐escala9on  of  an9-­‐TNF  agents  

•  Stopping  IM  monotherapy  aper  a  period  of  remission  was  associated  with  high  rates  of  relapse  in  pa9ents  with  Crohn’s  disease  or  ulcera9ve  coli9s  (around  75%  relapse  by  5  years  aper  therapy  was  stopped)  

•  Most  studies  of  paDents  with  CD  who  disconDnued  the  immunomodulator  aoer  combo  therapy  found  that  rates  of  relapse  did  not  differ  from  those  of  paDents  who  conDnued  taking  the  drug  (55%–60%  had  disease  relapse  24  months  aoer  stop)    

•  Approximately  50%  of  paDents  who  disconDnued  anD-­‐TNF  agents  aoer  combo    therapy  maintained  remission  24  months  later,  but  the  proporDon  decreased  with  Dme.  

Torres  J.  et  al,  Gastroenterology  2015  Sept  14  

Page 19: 4.2.1 MIIBD Rules of Stopping Biologics European ...€¦ · SeriousinfecDon 596 (4.5)$ 373 (4.8)$ 184 (3.6)$ 39 (10.2)$ Malignancy$ 90 (0.7) $ 23 (0.3) $ 57 (1.1) $ 10 (2.6) $ Intesnalstricture$

Steroid-­‐free  deep  remission  in  CD  does  not  prevent    disease  relapse  aper  an9-­‐TNF  withdrawal  

61  CD  (77%  AZA  /  6MP):  median  FU  28  months  (7-­‐47)  

Deep  remission:    Mucosal  healing        CalprotecDn  <150      CRP  <5  mg/L  

Bortlik  M.  et  al,  Scand  J  Gastroenterol  2015  

Page 20: 4.2.1 MIIBD Rules of Stopping Biologics European ...€¦ · SeriousinfecDon 596 (4.5)$ 373 (4.8)$ 184 (3.6)$ 39 (10.2)$ Malignancy$ 90 (0.7) $ 23 (0.3) $ 57 (1.1) $ 10 (2.6) $ Intesnalstricture$

Relapse  Rate  Aper  Discon9nuing  an9-­‐TNF  in  long-­‐term  deep  remission  is  lower  when  nil  drug  levels  

Ben-­‐Horin  S,  APT  2015  

48  paDents  stopped  IFX  (n=35)  or  adalimumab  (n=13)  in  deep  endoscopic  remission  

Undetectable drug

Measurable drug levels

P<0.001 (Log rank test)

Months since anti -

TNF cessation

Page 21: 4.2.1 MIIBD Rules of Stopping Biologics European ...€¦ · SeriousinfecDon 596 (4.5)$ 373 (4.8)$ 184 (3.6)$ 39 (10.2)$ Malignancy$ 90 (0.7) $ 23 (0.3) $ 57 (1.1) $ 10 (2.6) $ Intesnalstricture$

Long-­‐Term  Outcome  of  Pa9ents  With  CD  Who  Discon9nued  Infliximab  Therapy  Upon  Clinical  Remission  

Papamichael  K,  et  al.  CGH  2015  

Page 22: 4.2.1 MIIBD Rules of Stopping Biologics European ...€¦ · SeriousinfecDon 596 (4.5)$ 373 (4.8)$ 184 (3.6)$ 39 (10.2)$ Malignancy$ 90 (0.7) $ 23 (0.3) $ 57 (1.1) $ 10 (2.6) $ Intesnalstricture$

MAINTENANCE  RETREATMENT  

Infusion  reac9ons  (IR)  0-­‐20%  

Clinical  benefit  55-­‐98%  

Domenech  E,  et  al.  2010;  Steenholdt  C,  et  al.  2012;  Laharie  D,  et  al.  2009;    Louis  E,  et  al.  2012;  Molnàr  T,  et  al.  2013,  Baert  F,  et  al.  2014,  Felice  C,  et  al.  2014;  Brandse  JF,  et  al.  2014  

Pre-­‐medica9on  Scheduled  maintenance  

Concomitant  immunomodulators  (IMM)  

Episodic  treatment  Standard  re-­‐induc9on  

Ab  an9-­‐IFX  

RISK    OF  IR  

Fidder  H,  et  al.  2003;  Fidder  H,  et  al.  2009;  Hanauer  S,  et  al.  2004;  Crandall  C,  et  al.  2003;  Laharie  D,  et  al.  2009;  Baert  F,  et  al.  2014,  Felice  C,  et    al.  2014;  Colombel  JF,  et  al.  2004;  Lees  C,  et  al.  2009;  Zabana  E,  et  al.  2010    

Retreatment  with  IFX  in  IBD  

Page 23: 4.2.1 MIIBD Rules of Stopping Biologics European ...€¦ · SeriousinfecDon 596 (4.5)$ 373 (4.8)$ 184 (3.6)$ 39 (10.2)$ Malignancy$ 90 (0.7) $ 23 (0.3) $ 57 (1.1) $ 10 (2.6) $ Intesnalstricture$

•  CD patients retreated with VDZ after up to 1 year of drug holiday regained response •  Similar trends observed with VDZ retreatment in subpopulations of completers or early terminators with

prior anti-TNF failure •  No increase in AEs or SAEs observed with VDZ retreatment in completers/early terminators

Efficacy  and  Safety  of  Retreatment  With  Vedolizumab  in  Pa9ents  With  Crohn's  Disease  

Sands  BE  et  al.  DDW  2015:S-­‐278  

GEMINI II Completers   GEMINI II Early Terminators  

Visit   PBO

(n=60)  VDZ q8w

(n=69)  VDZ q4w

(n=76)  PBO

(n=59)  VDZ q8w

(n=57)  VDZ q4w

(n=40)  Patients with clinical remission* (%)  

GEMINI II

Week 6

Week 26

Week 52  

48

50

52  

46

71

74  

51

62

68  

44

22

NA  

25

5

NA  

28

8

NA  

GEMINI Long term safety Week 0

Week 28

Week 52

Week 84

Week 108  

53

70

63

52

37  

77

73

70

51

32  

71

75

68

55

34  

9

48

44

42

34  

4

23

32

26

25  

10

28

25

23

23  

*Defined as Harvey-Bradshaw Index score ≤4

Page 24: 4.2.1 MIIBD Rules of Stopping Biologics European ...€¦ · SeriousinfecDon 596 (4.5)$ 373 (4.8)$ 184 (3.6)$ 39 (10.2)$ Malignancy$ 90 (0.7) $ 23 (0.3) $ 57 (1.1) $ 10 (2.6) $ Intesnalstricture$

Early  Trough  Levels  and  An9bodies  to  Infliximab  Predict  Safety  and  Success  of  Reini9a9on  of  Infliximab  Therapy  

128  IBD  who  restarted  IFX  aper  a  median  15-­‐month  discon9nua9on  (range,  6–125  mo):  

-­‐  84.5%  short-­‐term  response  -­‐  61%  long-­‐term  response  

Baert  F,  et  al.  CGH  2014  

Page 25: 4.2.1 MIIBD Rules of Stopping Biologics European ...€¦ · SeriousinfecDon 596 (4.5)$ 373 (4.8)$ 184 (3.6)$ 39 (10.2)$ Malignancy$ 90 (0.7) $ 23 (0.3) $ 57 (1.1) $ 10 (2.6) $ Intesnalstricture$

IFX  +  AZA   IFX  dose-­‐escalaDon  +  AZA  

IFX  +  AZA  

AZA   IFX  reintroducDon  

6  months  steroid-­‐free  remission  

IFX   IFX  dose  escalaDon  

AZA  reintroducDon  

Relapse  

A proSpective randomized controlled trial comParing infliximAb-antimetabolites combination therapy to anti-metabolites monotheRapy and infliximab monothErapy in patients with Crohn’s disease in sustained steroid-free remission on combination therapy

RandomisaDon  

Page 26: 4.2.1 MIIBD Rules of Stopping Biologics European ...€¦ · SeriousinfecDon 596 (4.5)$ 373 (4.8)$ 184 (3.6)$ 39 (10.2)$ Malignancy$ 90 (0.7) $ 23 (0.3) $ 57 (1.1) $ 10 (2.6) $ Intesnalstricture$

Conclusion  1.  The  op9mal  dura9on  of  biological  therapy  is  s9ll  unknown  

2.  Many  factors  are  involved  in  the  decision  to  stop  biologics  (“mul9ple  rules”)  

3.  In  clinical  prac9ce,  reflect  on:      a)  pa9ent’s  demographics,  b)  disease  features,  c)  treatment  

 history,  d)  current  disease  status,  

 and  discuss  with  the  pa9ent  about  risk/benefit  of  the  strategy  on  the  long-­‐term  (case  by  case)  

4.  Stopping  biologics  may  be  jus9fied  to  op9mize  benefit/risk  (…  and  benefit/cost),  but  should  not  jeopardize  9ght  disease  control  

5.  Approximately  50%  of  pa9ents  who  stop  biologics  have  a  relapse  within  2  years  (….  but  50%  will  not!)  

6.  The  majority  of  pa9ents  who  receive  retreatment  with  biologics  aper  their  discon9nua9on  will  achieve  again  clinical  benefit  (TL  and  concomitant  IM!)