SES ION 4: GENt::fI(. Jf-

VARIETY DEVELOPMENT

A systemic approach in wheat breeding for high yieldand resistance to Fuserlum graminearum

1 1 A C 2P. L. Scheeren , V. R. Caetano, . emeau'Srazilian Agricultural Reseeron Carporetion, Embr<jpíii Wheat, Hodovie aR 28ft 11m294 .. fJQ001-€i70Passo Fundo, RS, Brazl/; 2Agriculture ena Agri-foQd Ceueaô, CanadáE-ma": pedro.scheeren@ambrapa.br

The average annual wheat area in Brazil ha been around 2 milliaR hectaresduring the last 10 years and 90% of tne wheat area is concentrated under no-tiIIage, in the states of Rio Grande do Sul and Parana. Tne average wheat yield iaabout 2.200 kg ha-t. Fusarium Head Blight (FHa) IS a very lrnportant dieeaee,bscause of the excess humidity in tne South Braztlian wheat ares. TO írnprovegrain yield associatad with resistance to diseal3el>,rnanv br~~ding atfªtege~ areusadoIn Southern Brazil, in 1978, besldes the GOnventioflalsreedin9 ~trate,!\li~stanew methodology, called "systemlc breeding", was inltíated. In Ihia I11pproach,selection 1$ done in the first generatíQns, on a lÇ\rgenurneer ot (}ros~e§, which willcompensate for this very destructive approach. The approach was improved QYapplying multíple stress selectlon on F1s and comptex F1s (crese of F1/~1),instead of begínning the selectlon In F2 pepulatlons. Suçh an appro~ch could alsobe suitabla for breedlng programs in underdeveloped ceuntries, b~çause itdelívers more rssults at rather low cest. Artiflcla: stresses and p~thQQeninoculatlon were used in arder to obtain fast soíuuens for severat seleetedcharacteristics. Plant ideotype and bread wneat quality tratts wer~ elso imQorhmtgoals. Systemic lines wíth high reeistance can be obt~ífljoildln large nUmb0f&. TMefirst results of the new approach were breeding 1ír\~13 with a e~t of Bombineddesirable traits and the new cultivar BRS ~arrudo, whjch WgjS r~,(ifj;l6~tl in 2012,and possesses very good resistance to Fusarium, It presente 8150 a gooq plantideotype, has a set of resistances to dífferent dlseaees, high yield potenuat andhigh gluten strength. Also in Canada the systemlc approach gave evídsnce of truevictory against FHB in less than 4 years. where they qot very gane! r6~1;}f$fl~ wíthgood agronomic characters in the líne FL,62R1.

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Keywords: Triticum eesnvum. Fusarium gramin~arum, breeding methods,cultivars

Photo creditaChrislian Barreau, Françoise Turtaut, Christifle Ductls, & Lªetitia Pinsl>n-Qadl!!!S

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