Seal SelectionSeal Selection

Applying what we have Applying what we have learnedlearned

© 2003 John Crane EAA 615615615

Seal SelectionSeal Selection

Example 1Example 1Example 1Example 1

Product:Product: Drinking water (Potable water)Drinking water (Potable water)Temperature:Temperature: 2020°°CCppSeal Pressure:Seal Pressure: 10 bar g10 bar gSpeed:Speed: 1450 rpm1450 rpmShaft Diameter:Shaft Diameter: 2”2”Stuffing Box Bore:Stuffing Box Bore: 72 mm72 mmStuffing Box Bore:Stuffing Box Bore: 72 mm72 mmPump:Pump: Horizontal, end suction, centrifugalHorizontal, end suction, centrifugalSeal Requirements:Seal Requirements: Conventional, nonConventional, non--cartridge sealcartridge seal

Turn to page 45, with page 46 ii/iii pulled downTurn to page 45, with page 46 ii/iii pulled down

No hazardsNo hazards

Elastomer Bellows SealElastomer Bellows Seal

Single SealSingle Seal

API Plan 1; 11; 13; 21API Plan 1; 11; 13; 21; ; ;; ; ;(See Page 46)(See Page 46)

No special neck codeNo special neck code

No Secondary Cont’mtNo Secondary Cont’mt

Material Code = BR1C1Material Code = BR1C1(See Page 46 i)(See Page 46 i)

NitrileNitrile

Carbon (Resin)Carbon (Resin) Stainless SteelStainless Steel

No commentsNo comments

(See Page 46 i)(See Page 46 i) ( )( )

Stainless SteelStainless Steel CeramicCeramic

Sta ess SteeSta ess Stee

Seal SelectionSeal Selection

Now turn to the selectedNow turn to the selected Seal FamilySeal FamilyNow, turn to the selected Now, turn to the selected Seal FamilySeal Family

Family ‘A’: Page 50.Family ‘A’: Page 50.

* For this * For this exercise, these exercise, these

l bl b

** ** **

seals can be seals can be considered nonconsidered non--standardstandard

2727

Seal SelectionSeal Selection

27 bar x 0.7527 bar x 0.75 (Water) (Water) x 0.60x 0.60 (Aluminium Oxide Ceramic)(Aluminium Oxide Ceramic) = 15.15 bar g= 15.15 bar g

Application is at 10 bar g, so Type 1A or Type 2 is suitableApplication is at 10 bar g, so Type 1A or Type 2 is suitable

Chosen materials are Chosen materials are available for both seal available for both seal typestypes

Nitrile is suitable Nitrile is suitable for 20for 20°°CC

Seal SelectionSeal Selection

Page 56Page 56

Perfect fit in pump borePerfect fit in pump borePerfect fit in pump borePerfect fit in pump bore

Too big for pump boreToo big for pump bore

Page 58Page 58

Seal SelectionSeal Selection

Seal SelectedSeal Selected

2” Type 1A / BR1C1 / WM2” Type 1A / BR1C1 / WM0508/1A/0508/1A/----/WM/384A/WM/384A

ElastomersElastomers NitrileNitrilePrimary RingPrimary Ring Carbon Carbon –– resin impregnatedresin impregnatedMetal PartsMetal Parts Stainless SteelStainless SteelMating RingMating Ring Ceramic Ceramic –– aluminium oxide (WM)aluminium oxide (WM)SpringSpring Stainless SteelStainless Steel

API PlanAPI Plan 1111API PlanAPI Plan 1111

No other special requirementsNo other special requirements

Seal SelectionSeal Selection

Example 2Example 2Example 2Example 2

Product:Product: Ammonium sulphate, 40% aqueous solutionAmmonium sulphate, 40% aqueous solutionTemperature:Temperature: 4040°°CCppSuction Pressure:Suction Pressure: 13 bar g13 bar gDischarge Pressure:Discharge Pressure: 16 bar g16 bar gSpeed:Speed: 2900 rpm2900 rpmShaft Diameter:Shaft Diameter: 30 mm30 mmShaft Diameter:Shaft Diameter: 30 mm30 mmPump:Pump: Vertical, centrifugalVertical, centrifugalSeal Requirements:Seal Requirements: DIN 24960, conventional, nonDIN 24960, conventional, non--cartridge sealcartridge seal

Turn to page 17, with page 46 ii/iii pulled downTurn to page 17, with page 46 ii/iii pulled down

No hazardsNo hazards

Elastomer Bellows SealElastomer Bellows Seal

Single SealSingle Seal

API Plan 1; 11; 13; 21API Plan 1; 11; 13; 21; ; ;; ; ;(See Page 46)(See Page 46)

No special neck codeNo special neck code

Continuous QuenchContinuous QuenchAPI Plan 62API Plan 62

M t i l C d GJ1S1M t i l C d GJ1S1

E PropyleneE Propylene

Conv Sil CarbideConv Sil Carbide Stainless SteelStainless Steel

CrystallisesCrystallises

Material Code = GJ1S1Material Code = GJ1S1(See Page 46 i)(See Page 46 i) Stainless SteelStainless Steel Solid Sil CarbideSolid Sil Carbide

Sta ess SteeSta ess Stee

Seal SelectionSeal Selection

Now turn to the selectedNow turn to the selected Seal FamilySeal FamilyNow, turn to the selectedNow, turn to the selected Seal FamilySeal Family

Family ‘A’: Page 50.Family ‘A’: Page 50.

* For this * For this exercise, these exercise, these

l bl b

** ** **

seals can be seals can be considered nonconsidered non--standardstandard

3737

Seal SelectionSeal Selection

37 bar x 0.7537 bar x 0.75 (Aqueous)(Aqueous) x 0.8x 0.8 (Conv SiC vs SiC)(Conv SiC vs SiC) x 0.85x 0.85 (Speed)(Speed) = 18.87 bar g= 18.87 bar g

Application is at 16 bar g, so Type 502 is suitableApplication is at 16 bar g, so Type 502 is suitable

Chosen materials are Chosen materials are available for Type 502. available for Type 502. Note SiC ‘BO’ Mating Note SiC ‘BO’ Mating Ring (Seat) is only Ring (Seat) is only optional.optional.Change to ‘BP’ seatChange to ‘BP’ seatChange to BP seat Change to BP seat which is standard in which is standard in Silicon CarbideSilicon Carbide

Ethylene Ethylene Propylene is Propylene is suitable for 40suitable for 40°°CC

Seal SelectionSeal Selection

T 502 l bl i d i d t DIN 24960 LT 502 l bl i d i d t DIN 24960 LType 502 seal assembly is designed to DIN 24960, LType 502 seal assembly is designed to DIN 24960, L1K1K

It will fit any pump designed to the same standard when It will fit any pump designed to the same standard when installing a installing a complete seal assemblycomplete seal assembly, i.e., rotating seal unit , i.e., rotating seal unit

complete with mating ring assemblycomplete with mating ring assemblycomplete with mating ring assemblycomplete with mating ring assembly

Seal SelectionSeal Selection

Seal SelectedSeal Selected

30 mm Type 502 / GJ1S1 / BP30 mm Type 502 / GJ1S1 / BP0300/502/0300/502/----/BP/773C/BP/773C

ElastomersElastomers Ethylene PropyleneEthylene PropylenePrimary RingPrimary Ring Carbon Converted to Silicon CarbideCarbon Converted to Silicon CarbideMetal PartsMetal Parts Stainless SteelStainless SteelMating RingMating Ring Solid Sintered Silicon Carbide (BP)Solid Sintered Silicon Carbide (BP)SpringSpring Stainless SteelStainless Steel

API PlanAPI Plan 13 / 6213 / 62API PlanAPI Plan 13 / 6213 / 62

Continuous quench required to prevent crystal build upContinuous quench required to prevent crystal build upSome form of secondary containment required for quenchSome form of secondary containment required for quench

Seal SelectionSeal Selection

Example 3Example 3Example 3Example 3

Product:Product: Butyl Amine (Sec)Butyl Amine (Sec)Temperature:Temperature: 1515°°CCppSeal Pressure:Seal Pressure: 5 bar g5 bar gSpeed:Speed: 1450 rpm1450 rpmShaft Diameter:Shaft Diameter: 2”2”Pump:Pump: Horizontal back pullHorizontal back pull--out centrifugalout centrifugalPump:Pump: Horizontal, back pullHorizontal, back pull--out, centrifugalout, centrifugalSite Requirements:Site Requirements: Water available, but in small quantities onlyWater available, but in small quantities only

Turn to page 20, with page 46 ii/iii pulled downTurn to page 20, with page 46 ii/iii pulled down

Highly Toxic & Flam’bleHighly Toxic & Flam’ble

PTFE Wedge SealPTFE Wedge Seal

Dual SealDual Seal

Pressurised DoublePressurised DoubleAPI Plans 53 or 54API Plans 53 or 54

No special neck codeNo special neck code

No Secondary Cont’mtNo Secondary Cont’mt

Material Code = QR171Material Code = QR171(244A double(244A double See Page 46 i)See Page 46 i)

PTFEPTFE

Carbon (Resin)Carbon (Resin) Stainless SteelStainless Steel

No CommentsNo Comments

(244A double (244A double -- See Page 46 i)See Page 46 i) ( )( )

Stainless SteelStainless Steel Austenitic Cast IronAustenitic Cast Iron

Sta ess SteeSta ess Stee

Seal SelectionSeal Selection

Now turn to the selectedNow turn to the selected Seal FamilySeal FamilyNow, turn to the selected Now, turn to the selected Seal FamilySeal Family

Family ‘D’: Page 80.Family ‘D’: Page 80.

** **

For this exercise, For this exercise, these seals can be these seals can be

id did d

** **

considered nonconsidered non--standardstandard(ANSI standard (ANSI standard pumps only)pumps only)pumps only)pumps only)

5252

2424

Seal SelectionSeal Selection

??

24 bar x 0.7524 bar x 0.75 (Water)(Water) x 0.6x 0.6 (Carbon vs Cast Iron)(Carbon vs Cast Iron) = 10.8 bar g= 10.8 bar g

S l i ki t 6 b T 109 i it blS l i ki t 6 b T 109 i it blSeal is working at Seal is working at ?? bar gbar gSeal is working at 6 bar g, so Type 109 is suitableSeal is working at 6 bar g, so Type 109 is suitableNo need to consider the higher pressure Type 109BNo need to consider the higher pressure Type 109B

Seal SelectionSeal Selection

Chosen materials are available for both Type 109 and Type 109B sealsChosen materials are available for both Type 109 and Type 109B seals

Seal SelectionSeal Selection

PTFE is suitable for 15PTFE is suitable for 15°°CC

Seal SelectionSeal Selection

Seal SelectedSeal Selected

2” Type 109/109 QR171 / AG / QR171 / AG2” Type 109/109 QR171 / AG / QR171 / AG

ElastomersElastomers PTFEPTFEElastomersElastomers PTFEPTFEPrimary RingPrimary Ring Carbon (Resin)Carbon (Resin)Metal PartsMetal Parts Stainless SteelStainless SteelMating RingMating Ring Austenitic Cast Iron (NiAustenitic Cast Iron (Ni--Resist™)Resist™)SpringSpring Stainless SteelStainless Steel

API PlanAPI Plan 53A 53A –– water sealantwater sealant

Select suitable sealant system . . . Select suitable sealant system . . . Turn to Page 116Turn to Page 116

A cooled vessel requires A cooled vessel requires coolant such as water. coolant such as water. Water is only available in Water is only available in ate s o y a a ab eate s o y a a ab esmall quantities.small quantities.

How can we reduce the How can we reduce the heat generated to removeheat generated to removeheat generated to remove heat generated to remove the need for cooling?the need for cooling?

There are several choices, There are several choices, ,,but try changing to but try changing to hydraulically balanced seals hydraulically balanced seals of the same design, i.e., of the same design, i.e., Type 109B sealsType 109B sealsType 109B sealsType 109B seals

An An uncooleduncooled vessel is now vessel is now required. No water coolant required. No water coolant is necessary.is necessary.Use Type 109B/Type 109BUse Type 109B/Type 109B

Seal SelectionSeal Selection

Seal SelectedSeal Selected

2¼” Type 109B/109B QR171 / AG / QR171 / AG2¼” Type 109B/109B QR171 / AG / QR171 / AG

ElastomersElastomers PTFEPTFEElastomersElastomers PTFEPTFEPrimary RingPrimary Ring Carbon (Resin)Carbon (Resin)Metal PartsMetal Parts Stainless SteelStainless SteelMating RingMating Ring Austenitic Cast Iron (NiAustenitic Cast Iron (Ni--Resist™)Resist™)SpringSpring Stainless SteelStainless Steel

API PlanAPI Plan 53A 53A –– water sealantwater sealant

Uncooled pressure vessel (e.g., John Crane System 200)Uncooled pressure vessel (e.g., John Crane System 200)complete with suitable controls / telemetry complete with suitable controls / telemetry

Introduction toIntroduction toIntroduction toIntroduction toAmerican Petroleum Institute 682 American Petroleum Institute 682

StandardStandard

Shaft Sealing forShaft Sealing forCentrifugal and Rotary PumpsCentrifugal and Rotary Pumps

© 2003 John Crane EAA

Centrifugal and Rotary PumpsCentrifugal and Rotary Pumps

American Petroleum InstituteAmerican Petroleum Institute

Standards for Pumps and Mechanical SealsStandards for Pumps and Mechanical Seals

API 676API 676Positive DisplacementPositive Displacement

PumpsPumpsAPI 610API 6107th Editi7th EditiPumpsPumps 7th Edition7th Edition

Pumps and SealsPumps and Seals

API 610API 6108th Edition8th Edition

Mainly PumpsMainly Pumps

API 682API 6821st Edition1st EditionSeals OnlySeals Only

API 682 Standard API 682 Standard -- AimsAims

Maximum reliability and availability of Maximum reliability and availability of equipmentequipmentequipmentequipment

Meet emissions legislationMeet emissions legislation

Lower costs Lower costs -- standardisation & reliabilitystandardisation & reliability

Improved safety Improved safety -- tested & proven sealing tested & proven sealing p yp y p gp gsystemssystems

Consistent seal application based onConsistent seal application based onConsistent seal application based on Consistent seal application based on accumulation of best practicesaccumulation of best practices

S l i t h bilitS l i t h bilitSeal interchangeabilitySeal interchangeability

API 682 SummaryAPI 682 Summary

Must have Must have high probabilityhigh probability of 3 years lifeof 3 years life

M t t i i l tiM t t i i l tiMust meet emissions regulationsMust meet emissions regulations

Must be cartridge sealsMust be cartridge seals

Only three seal typesOnly three seal types

Type A: OType A: O ring pusherring pusherType A: OType A: O--ring pusher ring pusher

Type B: rotating metal bellowsType B: rotating metal bellows

Type C: stationary metal bellowsType C: stationary metal bellows

Type ES: totally engineered sealing systemType ES: totally engineered sealing systemContinued...Continued...

ype S tota y e g ee ed sea g systeype S tota y e g ee ed sea g syste

API 682 Summary API 682 Summary –– Edition 1Edition 1Only three arrangementsOnly three arrangements

singlesinglesinglesingledual unpressuriseddual unpressuriseddual pressuriseddual pressuriseddual pressuriseddual pressurised

Only three fluid groups, nine fluid typesOnly three fluid groups, nine fluid types

S ifi i l f iS ifi i l f iSpecifies materials of constructionSpecifies materials of construction

Secondary containment on all single sealsSecondary containment on all single seals

Forced circulation on dual sealsForced circulation on dual seals

Full interchangeabilityFull interchangeabilityContinued...Continued...

Full interchangeabilityFull interchangeability

API 682 SummaryAPI 682 Summary

Guidelines for seal and hardware design based Guidelines for seal and hardware design based

upon user experienceupon user experience

Tested designsTested designsTested designsTested designs

Qualification type testingQualification type testing

Individual component & seal integrity testingIndividual component & seal integrity testing

..Defined guidelines for auxiliary equipment, Defined guidelines for auxiliary equipment,

pipework & instrumentationpipework & instrumentationpipework & instrumentationpipework & instrumentation

API 682 Publication DatesAPI 682 Publication Dates

1st Edition issued 19941st Edition issued 19942nd Edition July 20022nd Edition July 2002ISO 21049 target date is now late 2003ISO 21049 target date is now late 2003

API 682API 682

API 676API 676Positive DisplacementPositive DisplacementAPI 610API 610Positive DisplacementPositive Displacement

PumpsPumps 7th Edition7th EditionPumps and SealsPumps and Seals

API 610API 6108th Edition8th Edition

API 682API 6821st Edition1st Edition

Mainly PumpsMainly Pumps1st Edition1st EditionSeals OnlySeals Only

API 682API 682

API 610API 6109th Edition/ISO 137099th Edition/ISO 13709

2nd Edition2nd EditionSeals OnlySeals Only

ISO 21049ISO 21049Seals OnlySeals Only//

Pumps OnlyPumps OnlySeals OnlySeals Only

API 682API 682

Go to John Crane API 682 PresentationGo to John Crane API 682 Presentation