2nd feed resources

8/2/2019 2nd Feed Resources

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FEED RESOURCES FOR

LIVESTOCK AND

POULTRY

&

AVAILABILITY TRENDS


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Background

Increase in demand of animal origin food

due to: Population growth

Urbanization

Changing consumer preferences Export potential


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Feed Resources forLivestock

Crop

Residues

Fodders

FeedAdditives

Grazing

Areas

Grains/Oilseeds

By-Products

LIVESTOCK

FEED


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FODDERS Summer

Leguminous

Cowpeas

Guara

Moth Jantar

Non-Leguminous

Maize

Sorghum

Millets Saddabahar

Mott grass

Winter Leguminous

Berseem

Lucern

Non-Leguminous

Oats

Barley

Turnips

Sarson

Rye grass

Sugarcane tops


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Crop residues Wheat straw

Rice straw

Maize crop residue

Sorghum stovers/leaves Millet straw

Barley straw

Guar crop residue

Gram straw

Linseed straw

Moong straw

Mash straw Masoor straw

Rape seed/mustardstraw


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NUTRITIONALQUALITY OF STRAWS

Nutritional quality is very poor because of:

Deficient in Protein and energy

Low palatability and low intake.

Low digestibility and feed efficiency

Containing higher quantities of indigestible fibre andlignin

Stay longer in the rumen, lowering the intake andimpair productivity.

Straws

DM % CP % CF% TDN %

92 2 to 3 38 to 45 40 to 45


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About 60% of the total area of the country israngelands.

Sheep & goats obtain 60% of their feed from

rangelands

Grasses, shrubs and tree leaves are the potentialfeed reservoir for livestock in Pakistan and needsimprovement.

Artificial reseeding, fertilization and other inputs

could provide good results.

Rangelands &Pastures


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Agro-Industrial by-products

Cotton seed cake & meal Rape seed cake & meal

Sunflower cake & meal Linseed cake & meal

Soybean meal

Sesame seed cake Maize oil cake Maize gluten feed

Wheat bran

Rice bran Maize bran Rice polishing

Cane molasses

Palm Kernel Cake

Coconut Cake


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Live stock sector change

Livestock sector has developed andchanged rapidly in response to

Shifts in the global economy

Rising incomes in many developing countriesand

Changing societal expectations.


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The sector is increasingly expected to Provide safe and plentiful food for

Growing urban populations

As well as poverty reduction

food security,

environmental sustainability

and public health

These trends and the challenges were identifieda decade ago by Delgado et al. (1999), who

coined the term livestockrevolution

Live stock sector change


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Livestock Feed Industryof Pakistan

130 Feed mills in the country.

Only 10 major feed mills, producingruminant feed in private sector.

Generally home mixed concentrate areprepared by livestock farmers.


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Raw

Material

% of

Feed

Sources

Coarse grains 48 Maize, Rice tips, Sorghum & Wheat.

Cereal & ind.by products

18 Rice polishing, Rice bran, Wheat bran, Maizebran & Molasses.

VegetableProteins

20 Soybean meal, Canola meal, Sunflower meal,Rape seed meal, Guar meal, Cotton seed meal,Sesame meal & Corn gluten meal.

AnimalProteins

7 Fish meal, Poultry by product meal, Meat meal.

Others 5 Dicalcium Phosphate, Limestone, Bone meal.

Micro-Ingredients

2 Vitamins, Minerals, Amino acids, Feed additives& Coccidiostats.

Raw materials for poultry


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SOLUTIONS Food and Agriculture

Contract farming

Developments of Hybrid Seed

Promotion of mechanization Improve the agronomic practices

Facilitation to agriculture farmer

Introduction of new varieties


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Poultry & livestock sector

Studies on Improved Protein and Energy Utilization

Search for alternative feed ingredients

Low cost unconventional feed resources

Use of fiber, as an energy source in poultry diets will be animportant means to meet future feed requirements

Improved digestibility of unconventional feeds throughbiotechnological approach

Gut environment manipulation for better nutrient utilization

Strict quality control of feed production systems

SOLUTIONS

2nd feed resources

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