2chapter39
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Chapter 39: Endocrine and Reproductive System
Chapter 39: Endocrine and Reproductive System
Hormones and GlandsHormones and GlandsHormones:• Chemicals that travel through the bloodstream
sending messages• Affect cell activities• Last longer than nerve impulsesGlands:• Exocrine release secretions through ducts• Endocrine release secretions (hormones) into
bloodstream
Hormones:• Chemicals that travel through the bloodstream
sending messages• Affect cell activities• Last longer than nerve impulsesGlands:• Exocrine release secretions through ducts• Endocrine release secretions (hormones) into
bloodstream
Lily
Hormone ActionHormone Action
Steroid Hormone• Can cross directly into cytoplasm• LipidsNonsteroid Hormone• Generally can’t pass through cell
membranes
Steroid Hormone• Can cross directly into cytoplasm• LipidsNonsteroid Hormone• Generally can’t pass through cell
membranes
Lily
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Prostaglandins Prostaglandins
Produces small amounts of hormone like substances
Discovered first in prostate Mortified fatty acids that produce a wide
range of cells
Madeleine
Produces small amounts of hormone like substances
Discovered first in prostate Mortified fatty acids that produce a wide
range of cells
Madeleine
Control of the Endocrine SystemControl of the Endocrine System
• Controlled by feedback methods that maintain homeostasis
• The function of the thyroid gland is controlled by the anterior pituitary gland and the thyroid gland
• Homeostatic control the materials broken down in the extracellular fluids and blood
• Madeleine
• Controlled by feedback methods that maintain homeostasis
• The function of the thyroid gland is controlled by the anterior pituitary gland and the thyroid gland
• Homeostatic control the materials broken down in the extracellular fluids and blood
• Madeleine
Complementary Hormone ActionComplementary Hormone Action
Calcium:• Body regulates levels very carefully• One of the most important minerals in bodyWithout Calcium:• Blood can’t clot• Muscles can’t contract• Can’t transport across cell membrane
Calcium:• Body regulates levels very carefully• One of the most important minerals in bodyWithout Calcium:• Blood can’t clot• Muscles can’t contract• Can’t transport across cell membrane
Lily
Pituitary Gland and Hypothalamus
Pituitary Gland and Hypothalamus
Pituitary Gland:• Secretes 9 hormones that regulate lots of body
functions• Controls actions of other endocrine glandsHypothalamus• Controls pituitary gland’s secretions
Pituitary Gland:• Secretes 9 hormones that regulate lots of body
functions• Controls actions of other endocrine glandsHypothalamus• Controls pituitary gland’s secretions
Lily
Thyroid and Parathyroid GlandsThyroid and Parathyroid Glands
Thyroid gland regulates body temperature Makes thyroxin which contains amino acid
tyrosine and mineral iodine Hormones from both glands maintain
homeostasis in blood calcium levels Madeleine
Thyroid gland regulates body temperature Makes thyroxin which contains amino acid
tyrosine and mineral iodine Hormones from both glands maintain
homeostasis in blood calcium levels Madeleine
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Madeleine
Adrenal GlandsAdrenal Glands Helps body with stressAdrenal Cortex:• Produces hormone called corticosteriodAdrenal Medulla:• Release of hormones controlled by the
Sympathetic Nervous System
Helps body with stressAdrenal Cortex:• Produces hormone called corticosteriodAdrenal Medulla:• Release of hormones controlled by the
Sympathetic Nervous System
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PancreasPancreas
Glucagon and insulin excreted from the pancreas assist to maintain the level of glucose in the blood stable
Enzyme secretions break down food When the pancreas doesn’t produce enough
enough insulin diabetes can occur
Madeleine
Glucagon and insulin excreted from the pancreas assist to maintain the level of glucose in the blood stable
Enzyme secretions break down food When the pancreas doesn’t produce enough
enough insulin diabetes can occur
Madeleine
Reproductive GlandsReproductive Glands
Glands support two vital functions, production of gametes and secretion of sex hormones
Madeleine
Glands support two vital functions, production of gametes and secretion of sex hormones
Madeleine
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