23 4 north carolina dna day on demand forensics. urgent announcement from the principal! read...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
2 3 4
ACGCACT
TCAGAACG
CGTACTGA
CTGAA
TGCGTGAA
GTCTTGCG
CATGACTG
ACTT
North Carolina DNA DayON DEMAND
Forensics
![Page 2: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Urgent Announcement from
the Principal!
Read “Missing Mascot” Skit
![Page 3: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What is DNA Day?
![Page 4: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
In April 1953,
Drs. James Watson and Francis Crick determined the structure of DNA
What is DNA Day?
![Page 5: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
In April 1953,
Drs. James Watson and Francis Crick determined the structure of DNA
In April 2003,
Human Genome Project determined the entire DNA sequence of a human genome.
What is DNA Day?
![Page 6: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
DNA
![Page 7: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
DNA
• What does DNA stand for?
![Page 8: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
DNA
• What does DNA stand for?
• What is DNA?
![Page 9: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
DNA
• What does DNA stand for?
• What is DNA?
• What is the structure of DNA?
![Page 10: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
DNA
• What does DNA stand for?
• What is DNA?
• What is the structure of DNA?
• Is DNA negatively or positively charged?
![Page 11: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The DNA Alphabet
![Page 12: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
• How many nucleotide bases in DNA are there?
The DNA Alphabet
![Page 13: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
• How many nucleotide bases in DNA are there?
FOUR
The DNA Alphabet
![Page 14: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
• How many nucleotide bases in DNA are there?
FOUR
• What are the names of these bases?
The DNA Alphabet
![Page 15: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
• How many nucleotide bases in DNA are there?
FOUR
• What are the names of these bases?
Guanine, Adenine, Cytosine and Thymine (G, A, C and T)
The DNA Alphabet
![Page 16: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
• How many nucleotide bases in DNA are there?
FOUR
• What are the names of these bases?
Guanine, Adenine, Cytosine and Thymine (G, A, C and T)
The sequence of these letters make up our genes. The Human Genome Project determined the order of each
of these letters in all of our genes.
The DNA Alphabet
![Page 17: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Genes contain instructions to make proteins
Information is
stored in DNARNA Synthesis(transcription)
RNA copyProtein Synthesis(translation)
ProteinAmino acids
Gen
otyp
ePh
enot
ype
![Page 18: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
What makes you YOU?
![Page 19: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
DNA
Let’s discuss DNA and how forensic scientists analyze DNA so that you can solve this crime!
![Page 20: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
How many bases are there in the human genome?
Facts & Figures about DNA
![Page 21: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
How many bases are there in the human genome?
a) 3,000b) 300,000c) 3 milliond) 3 billione) 3 trillion
Facts & Figures about DNA
![Page 22: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
How many bases are there in the human genome?
Facts & Figures about DNA
a) 3,000b) 300,000c) 3 milliond) 3 billione) 3 trillion
![Page 23: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
How many bases are there in the human genome?
Facts & Figures about DNA
3,000,000,000
![Page 24: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
We are not all exactly the same – What percent of your DNA is similar to any
other person in the world?
Facts & Figures about DNA
![Page 25: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
We are not all exactly the same – What percent of your DNA is similar to any
other person in the world?a) 99.9%b) 98%c) 90%d) 60%e) 10%
Facts & Figures about DNA
![Page 26: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
We are not all exactly the same – What percent of your DNA is similar to any
other person in the world?
Facts & Figures about DNA
a) 99.9%b) 98%c) 90%d) 60%e) 10%
![Page 27: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
We are not all exactly the same – What percent of your DNA is similar to any
other person in the world?
Facts & Figures about DNA
3 MILLION bases are different!
![Page 28: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Forensic scientists focus on these variable regions to generate a “DNA fingerprint” for each individual
Facts & Figures about DNA
![Page 29: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
What are some sources of DNA?
![Page 30: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Sweat
Mucus Dandruff
SemenBlood
Tissue Hair
Urine
Saliva
Skin
Ear Wax
What are some sources of DNA?
![Page 31: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Sweat
Mucus Dandruff
SemenBlood
Tissue Hair
UrineSkin
Ear Wax
What are some sources of DNA?
Saliva
![Page 32: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Ok forensics scientists… Let’s isolate DNA!
![Page 33: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
DNA Isolation Method
• Step 1: Add your saliva to the tube
• Step 2: Add 1-2 drops of soap to tube and mix well
• Step 3: Add a pinch of salt and mix well
• Step 4: Add several droppers full of ethanol and mix well
• Step 5: Spool your DNA with stick
![Page 34: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
How do forensic scientists get so much information from a tiny
amount of DNA?
![Page 35: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
PCR can make many copies in a very short period of time
ACGCACTTCAGAACGCGTACTGACTGAATGCGTGAAGTCTTGCGCATGACTGACTT
![Page 36: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
Heat to 94°C: Denature Strands of DNA
ACGCACTTCAGAACGCGTACTGACTGAA
TGCGTGAAGTCTTGCGCATGACTGACTT
![Page 37: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
ACGCACTTCAGAACGCGTACTGACTGAA
TGCGTGAAGTCTTGCGCATGACTGACTT
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
Cool to 55°C: Allow primers to anneal
TGCGTGAA
TGACTGAA
![Page 38: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
ACGCACTTCAGAACGCGTACTGACTGAA
TGCGTGAAGTCTTGCGCATGACTGACTT
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
Heat to 72°C: New DNA strand is synthesized
TGCGTGAAGTCTTGCGCATGACTGACTT
ACGCACTTCAGAACGCGTACTGACTGAA
![Page 39: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
PCR can make many copies in a very short period of time
ACGCACTTCAGAACGCGTACTGACTGAATGCGTGAAGTCTTGCGCATGACTGACTT
ACGCACTTCAGAACGCGTACTGACTGAATGCGTGAAGTCTTGCGCATGACTGACTT
ACGCACTTCAGAACGCGTACTGACTGAATGCGTGAAGTCTTGCGCATGACTGACTT
ACGCACTTCAGAACGCGTACTGACTGAATGCGTGAAGTCTTGCGCATGACTGACTT
ACGCACTTCAGAACGCGTACTGACTGAATGCGTGAAGTCTTGCGCATGACTGACTT
ACGCACTTCAGAACGCGTACTGACTGAATGCGTGAAGTCTTGCGCATGACTGACTT
ACGCACTTCAGAACGCGTACTGACTGAATGCGTGAAGTCTTGCGCATGACTGACTT
ACGCACTTCAGAACGCGTACTGACTGAATGCGTGAAGTCTTGCGCATGACTGACTT
ACGCACTTCAGAACGCGTACTGACTGAATGCGTGAAGTCTTGCGCATGACTGACTT
ACGCACTTCAGAACGCGTACTGACTGAATGCGTGAAGTCTTGCGCATGACTGACTT
ACGCACTTCAGAACGCGTACTGACTGAATGCGTGAAGTCTTGCGCATGACTGACTT
ACGCACTTCAGAACGCGTACTGACTGAATGCGTGAAGTCTTGCGCATGACTGACTT
ACGCACTTCAGAACGCGTACTGACTGAATGCGTGAAGTCTTGCGCATGACTGACTT
![Page 40: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
How do we generate a DNA fingerprint?
…After amplification of the variable regions through PCR
![Page 41: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
DNA can be cut into smaller pieces by restriction enzymes that recognize very specific sequences of DNA.
Restriction Enzyme Digest
AGCTAGAATTCTTTACGCTCGGATGAATTCCACCTATCTCC
![Page 42: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
DNA can be cut into smaller pieces by restriction enzymes that recognize very specific sequences of DNA.
AGCTAGAATTCTTTACGCTCGGATG
AATTCCACCTATCTCC
Restriction Enzyme Digest
AGCTAGAATTCTTTACGCTCGGATGAATTCCACCTATCTCC
![Page 43: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
EcoRI GAATTC G AATTC
PstI CTGCAG CTGCA G
SmaI CCCGGG CCC GGG
HindIII AAGCTT A AGCTT
BamI GGATCC G GATCC
HaeIII GGCC GG CC
Multiple Restriction Enzymes Exist for Cutting DNA
![Page 44: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Analyzing DNA in an Electrophoresis Gel
This gel is a matrix and
feels like jello.
An agarose gel is used to analyze the DNA.
![Page 45: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Analyzing DNA in an Electrophoresis Gel
Marker is loaded in
the first lane
![Page 46: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Analyzing DNA in an Electrophoresis Gel
Samples are loaded in the
rest of the lanes of the gel
Marker is loaded in
the first lane
![Page 47: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Analyzing DNA in an Electrophoresis Gel
_
+
Electric current is applied and the
negatively charged DNA
moves towards the positive end
of the gel
Mar
ker
Sam
ple
1Sa
mpl
e 2
Sam
ple
3
![Page 48: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Mar
ker
Sam
ple
1Sa
mpl
e 2
Sam
ple
3
The DNA has to move through the small openings in the matrix of the gel. Which sizes
move fastest through the gel?
Analyzing DNA in an Electrophoresis Gel
Electric current is applied and the
negatively charged DNA
moves towards the positive end
of the gel
_
+
![Page 49: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Mar
ker
Sam
ple
1Sa
mpl
e 2
Sam
ple
3
The DNA has to move through the small openings in the matrix of the gel. Which sizes
move fastest through the gel?
Analyzing DNA in an Electrophoresis Gel
Electric current is applied and the
negatively charged DNA
moves towards the positive end
of the gel
_
+
36
18
107
2
24
![Page 50: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
AGCTAGAATTCTTTAATTGGCGATGAATTCCACCTATCTCC
M
2535
18
14
8
12
20
Analyzing the DNA
+
_
![Page 51: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
AGCTAGAATTCTTTAATTGGCGATGAATTCCACCTATCTCC
M
2535
18
14
8
12
20
Analyzing the DNA
+
_
What are the predicted sizes of the DNA fragments after
EcoR1 digestion?
![Page 52: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
AGCTAGAATTCTTTAATTGGCGATGAATTCCACCTATCTCC
AATTCTTTACGCTCGGATG (19)
AATTCCACCTATCTCC (16)
AGCTAG (6)
M
2535
18
14
8
12
20
Analyzing the DNA
+
_
M
2535
18
14
8
12
20
+
_
![Page 53: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Because of variations in our DNA sequence, every person has a unique restriction digest pattern, allowing DNA from a crime scene to be matched to a particular suspect.
Solving the Crime
CRIM
E SC
ENE
1 2 3 4
2535
18
14
8
12
20
MAR
KER
Suspects
![Page 54: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Because of variations in our DNA sequence, every person has a unique restriction digest pattern, allowing DNA from a crime scene to be matched to a particular suspect.
Solving the Crime
CRIM
E SC
ENE
1 2 3 4
2535
18
14
8
12
20
MAR
KER
Suspects
![Page 55: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Because of variations in our DNA sequence, every person has a unique restriction digest pattern, allowing DNA from a crime scene to be matched to a particular suspect.
Solving the Crime
CRIM
E SC
ENE
1 2 3 4
2535
18
14
8
12
20
MAR
KER
Suspects
![Page 56: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Because of variations in our DNA sequence, every person has a unique restriction digest pattern, allowing DNA from a crime scene to be matched to a particular suspect.
Solving the Crime
CRIM
E SC
ENE
1 2 3 4
2535
18
14
8
12
20
MAR
KER
Suspects
![Page 57: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
The Suspects
![Page 58: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
• EcoRI cuts the following sequence:
G|AATTC
Restriction Enzyme Digest Analysis
![Page 59: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
• EcoRI cuts the following sequence:
G|AATTC
• Find all EcoRI cut sites in the DNA sequence of the suspect you represent
Restriction Enzyme Digest Analysis
![Page 60: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
• EcoRI cuts the following sequence:
G|AATTC
• Find all EcoRI cut sites in the DNA sequence of the suspect you represent
• Draw the bands on the gel according to their predicted lengths following digestion
Restriction Enzyme Digest Analysis
![Page 61: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Suspect #1: Will
DNA Sequence:
TCGATGAATTCTATCGGAATTCTCGGACTTCTCGAGAATTCTGCGGATTTCTCGGATTCA
DNA Fragment Sizes: _________________
Sex: MaleWeight: 220 lb.Height: 6’1”Position: Captain of the Football Team
EcoRI: G|AATTC
1
35
3028
24
20
16
1012
M Thief
5
![Page 62: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
1
35
28
24
16
10
12
5
20
DNA Ladder
Crime Scene DNA
Suspect #1: W
ill
Suspect #2: N
atalie
Suspect #3: M
olly
Suspect #4: Ju
de
Suspect #5: M
aggie
Suspect #6: V
ince
Suspect #7: Liza
30
![Page 63: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Can we ID the thief?
![Page 64: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Please PAUSE and analyze your suspect’s DNA.
Can we ID the thief?
![Page 65: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
1
353028
24
16
10
12
5
20
DNA Ladder
Crime Scene DNA
Suspect #1: W
ill
Suspect #2: N
atalie
Suspect #3: M
olly
Suspect #4: Ju
de
Suspect #5: M
aggie
Suspect #6: V
ince
Suspect #7: Liza
![Page 66: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
1
353028
24
16
10
12
5
20
DNA Ladder
Crime Scene DNA
Suspect #1: W
ill
Suspect #2: N
atalie
Suspect #3: M
olly
Suspect #4: Ju
de
Suspect #5: M
aggie
Suspect #6: V
ince
Suspect #7: Liza
![Page 67: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
![Page 68: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
GUILTY!
![Page 69: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Will: TCGATGAATTCTATCGGAATTCTCGGACTTCTCGAGAATTCTGCGGATTTCTCGGATTCA(6,11,19,24)
Natalie: TCGATGAATTCTATCGCAATTCTCGCAATTCTCGAGAATTCTGCGGATTTCTCGGATTCA (6,30,24)
Molly: TCGATGAAGTCTATCGGAATTCTCGGAATTCTCGACAATTCTGCGGAATTCTCGGATTCA(17,9,20,14)
Jude: TCGATCAATTCTATCGGAATTCTCGGATTTCTCGACAATTCTGCGGAATTCTCGGATTCA (17,29,14)
Maggie: TCGATGAATTCTATCGGAATTCTCGGAATTCTCGACAATTCTGCGGAATTCTCGGATTCA (6,11,9,20,14)
Vince: TCGATGAATTCTATCGAAATTCTCGGAATTCTCGAGAATCCTGCGGACTTCTCGGATTCA (6,20,34)
Liza: TCGATGAACTCTATCGGAATTTTCGGAATTCTCGAGATTTCTGCGGAATTCTCGGATTCA (26,20,14)
EcoRI cut sitenon-cut site
Let’s Compare their DNA!
![Page 70: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
![Page 71: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
• Do you think that it is fair that students are required to submit a DNA sample simply because they are a member of the Senior class?
ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
![Page 72: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
• Do you think that it is fair that students are required to submit a DNA sample simply because they are a member of the Senior class?
• On what basis should people be required to submit a DNA sample in a criminal investigation?
ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
![Page 73: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
• Do you think that it is fair that students are required to submit a DNA sample simply because they are a member of the Senior class?
• On what basis should people be required to submit a DNA sample in a criminal investigation?
• What are some potential sources for error in such an investigation?
ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
![Page 74: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
• Do you think that it is fair that students are required to submit a DNA sample simply because they are a member of the Senior class?
• On what basis should people be required to submit a DNA sample in a criminal investigation?
• What are some potential sources for error in such an investigation?
• Keeping these in mind, do you think that DNA fingerprinting alone provides substantial enough evidence for positive identification of a criminal?
ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
![Page 75: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
What kind of forensic analysis do they do?
bite marks ballisticsblood spatter handwritingvoicestool marks hair fibers
Toobin J. New Yorker 30-35, 2007.
Think about TV crime dramas…
DNA
![Page 76: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
What kind of forensic analysis do they do?
bite marks ballisticsblood spatter handwriting
voicestool marks hair fibers
DNA
only evidence which can link a suspect to a crime with mathematical certainty
Toobin J. New Yorker 30-35, 2007.
Think about TV crime dramas…
![Page 77: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Jobling MA, Gill P. Nat Rev Genet. 2004;5:739-751. http://www.dna.gov/dna-databases/codis
CODIS - Combined DNA Index System
STR - Short Tandem Repeat
Real World DNA Analysis
![Page 78: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
A complete DNA profile is unique to 1 in 100,000,000,000 people! (in the US)
Jobling MA, Gill P. Nat Rev Genet. 2004;5:739-751. http://www.dna.gov/dna-databases/codis
Real World DNA Analysis
CODIS - Combined DNA Index System
STR - Short Tandem Repeat
![Page 79: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Organization dedicated to exonerating wrongfully convicted people through DNA testing.
As of Feb. 2011
266 people in the United States have been exonerated thanks to DNA testing; 7 in the state of NC
© Innocence Projecthttp://geology.com/state-map/
![Page 80: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
© Copyright 2009 Jennifer Thompson-Cannino, Ronald Cotton, and Erin Torneo
“A true story of forgiveness and hope.”
![Page 81: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
Incident Year: 1984Jurisdiction: NCCharge: Rape, Burglary
Year of Conviction: 1985, 1987Exoneration Date: 6/30/95Sentence Served: 10.5 YearsReal perpetrator found? Yes
© Copyright 2009 Jennifer Thompson-Cannino, Ronald Cotton, and Erin Torneo
“…he had none of those things because I’d picked him.”
-Quote by Jennifer Thompson-Cannino (the victim) from Picking Cotton
What Happened?
![Page 82: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
What Do You Think?
![Page 83: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
SUMMARY
![Page 84: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
SUMMARY• Humans share 99.9% identity in DNA sequence
![Page 85: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
SUMMARY• Humans share 99.9% identity in DNA sequence
• Areas of variability are used by forensic scientists to identify individuals
![Page 86: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
SUMMARY• Humans share 99.9% identity in DNA sequence
• Areas of variability are used by forensic scientists to identify individuals
• Every person has a unique DNA fingerprint, which helps match DNA from crime scenes and suspects
![Page 87: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
SUMMARY• Humans share 99.9% identity in DNA sequence
• Areas of variability are used by forensic scientists to identify individuals
• Every person has a unique DNA fingerprint, which helps match DNA from crime scenes and suspects
• DNA evidence is the only evidence that can undeniably identify perpetrators of crime
![Page 88: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
SUMMARY• Humans share 99.9% identity in DNA sequence
• Areas of variability are used by forensic scientists to identify individuals
• Every person has a unique DNA fingerprint, which helps match DNA from crime scenes and suspects
• DNA evidence is the only evidence that can undeniably identify perpetrators of crime
• DNA evidence is important to exonerate wrongly convicted individuals
![Page 89: 23 4 North Carolina DNA Day ON DEMAND Forensics. Urgent Announcement from the Principal! Read “Missing Mascot” Skit](https://reader038.vdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110206/56649d195503460f949eebc5/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
Presenters:- Ernesto Pérez-Chanona- Daniela Muñoz- Kristine Wadosky- Rodrigo González
Produced by:- UNC-TV
Filmed on location at:- Carolina Center for Educational
Excellence,UNC School of Education
CREDITS:NC DNA Day ON DEMANDProject Director:- Joshua Hall, PhD
Assistant Director:- Jessica Harrell, PhD
Project funded by:- National Human Genome
Research Institute (NHGRI), National Institutes of Health (NIH)