21-mars-07 nom de la prÉsentation 1 integrated economic and environmental accounting and...

21-mars-07 NOM DE LA PRÉSENTATION 1

Integrated Economic and Environmental Accounting and Globalisation and the impact for Agriculture

Oktober 2007, ICAS IV: Beijing

Pieter Everaers: Eurostat


OverviewOverview

Integration:

Indicators and the use of accounting principles:

National accounts and other accounting systems

Environmental accounting

SEEA 2003

European Strategy on Environmental Accounting, ESEA 2003

Globalisation and environmental statistics


Integration


Indicators

Top indicator (GDP)

Basic micro data


GDP

Economic accounts


GDP

SDI

Environmental accounts


GDP

SD

I


Soc

ind

GDP

SD

I

Social indicators


Soc

ind

otherG

DP

SD

I

Other field


Soc

ind

other

other

GDP

SD

I


Agri accounts

Soc

ind

other

other

GDP

SD

I


Agri acc

Soc

ind

test

other

GDP

SD

IEconomy Euro-indicators


Microdata

Amounts

Env

. A

ccou

nts

Agr

i acc

ount

s

Ec

acco

unts

ESEA


Ten

nv.

Acc

ount

s

Agr

i acc

ount

s

Ec

acco

unts

Multi – facet crystal (model of society)


1: Society as a crystal


Environmental accounting


Origins (I)Origins (I)

National Accounts, Handbook SNA 1993

1970’ies: input-output calculations

1990’ies: NAMEAs

SEEA 2003

European Strategy on Environmental Accounting, ESEA

2003


OriginsOrigins (II)

What is the National Accounts ?

Much more than GDP aggregates:

– Describes all economic activities, monetary stocks and flows of “an

economy” (residential principle)

Data examples:

production, (intermediate) consumption value added, employment by

industry, government or households.

ESA95 Regulation Harmonised data from all Member States

Data examples:

production, (intermediate) consumption, value added, employment - by industry, government or households.


OriginsOrigins (III)

Other satellite accounts to the National Accounts

– Regional National Accounts

– Agricultural accounts in physical terms and monetary terms;

feeding directly into the National Accounts

– Social Accounts on e.g. health and education

– Tourism accounts


D-P-S- cause-effect chain(‘Statistisches Bundesamt’)

Driving forces Pressures State

Economicproduction and final useactivities

Physicalproductflows

Environ-mentalpressureflows

Change ofenviron-mentalassets(impacts)

Economic accounting (SNA)

Environmental-economic accounting (SEEA)

Environmental sciences

Aggregatedimpact indicator

Environmental sciencessocial valuejudgements


AdvantagesAdvantages

Link between environment and economy– Good complement to environment statistics– Disaggregating data by economic activities, including agriculture– National or regional level– Consistency with economic data

Tool for policy making and monitoring– Decoupling indicator– Sustainable production and consumption– Degradation of natural resources– Effects of economic policy measures (env. Expenditure)


EU Policy Background (I)

Commitment by Commission AND European Council in renewed Sustainable Development Strategy (June 2006):

“… avoid overexploitation of renewable resources, apply the concept of life-cycle thinking, break the link between economic growth and environmental degradation”


EU Policy Background (II)


“… build on the EU Strategy on the sustainable use of natural resources”


EU Policy Background (III)


”For better understanding of interlinkages between the three dimensions of SD, the core system of national income accounting could be extended by inter alia integrating stock and flow concepts and non-market work and be further elaborated by satellite accounts e.g. environmental expenditures, material flows and taking into consideration international best practices.”


Share of total energy taxes and share of final energy consumption for business sector and households, 2003

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

EU-15 BE DK DE ES NL SE UK BG NO

Taxes, business Consumption, business Taxes, households Consumption, households Taxes not classified


Modules of the Environmental Accounts:Air Emissions

EU-15 GHG emissions per economic activities in 2000

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

A-B C D E F G H I J K L M N O

NACE sections

GH

G (

mil

lio

n t

on

nes

CO

2)

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

1,800

GV

A (

bil

lio

n e

uro

)

GHG GVA


Material Flow Accounts (MFA): Domestic Material Consumption (DMC) and Material productivity / material use for EU-15 1970-2001

0

1.000.000

2.000.000

3.000.000

4.000.000

5.000.000

6.000.000

7.000.000

1970

1973

1976

1979

1982

1985

1988

1991

1994

1997

2000

1000

to

nn

es

products from fossils

natural gas

crude oil

coal

ores

industrial minerals

construction minerals

non edible biomass

forestry

animals

feed

food

0

50

100

150

200

250

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

[197

0 =

100]

GDP

Population

DMC

DMC per capita

GDP per DMC


Material Flow Accounts (MFA):DMC composition per MS for 2001 DMC/capita and DMC/GDP for MS 1970:2000

DMC/cap

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

PT

GR

ES IT

GB

AT

NL

FR

EU

-15

BE

/LU IE DE

SE

DK FI

[to

nn

es/c

ap]

1970

2000

DMC/GDP

0

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

PT

GR

ES IT

GB

AT

NL

FR

EU

-15

BE

/LU IE DE

SE

DK FI

[kg

/€ c

p 1

995]

1970

2000

DMC/capita 2001

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

PT

GR

ES IT

GB

AT

NL

FR

EU

15

BE

/LU

IE

DE

SE

DK FI


Modules of the Environmental Accounts:Water Flow Accounts

UN handbook SEEAW 2007 - Physical Supply and Use Tables- Emission Accounts- Hybrid and Economic Accounts- Asset AccountExperimental: Quality Account, Valuation, Policy use

Joint EEA/Eurostat pilot project: the feasibility of SEEAW for EU. End date: first half of 2008

Challenge: to coordinate with WFD and WISE


Modules of the Environmental Accounts:Pilot study: Water Flow Accounts, Bulgaria

86

88

90

92

94

96

98

100

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

m3/

day/

per

capi

ta

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

1.20

BG

N/m

3 (in

cl.V

AT

)

Water used by households (l/day/per capita)

Price of drinking w ater (BGN/m3 incl.VAT)

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

%

Water supply Sew arage

Share of household expenditure on water services from household overall monetary expenditure

Water consumed by households and water prices


Modules of the Environmental Accounts:‘Integrated’ NAMEA (Example of Austria)

Eco-Taxes

50.0%

2.6%

1.1%

1.1%

0.3%

0.5%1.0%

0.9% 0.3%0.5%0.8%0.7%

1.0%

9.3%

0.3%

VALUE ADDED

0.9%

6.4%

3.4%

0.0%

0.4%

2.4%

1.0%1.8%

2.5%

0.4%2.4%

1.3%

1.2%2.3%

1.2%

62.2%

8.1%

2.1%

Basic Metals Coke, Refined Petroleum and Chemical ProductsNon-Ferrous Metals Other Non-Metallic Mineral ProductsMotorvehicles, Transport Equipment Machinery and EquipmentMining and Quarrying Food Products; Beverages and TobaccoPulp, Paper Products, Publishing and Printing Wood and Wood ProductsConstruction Textiles, Wearing Apparel and Leather ProductsOhter Manufacturing Domains Land TransportWater Transport Air TransportPrivate and Public Services Energy SupplyPrivate Households Agriculture, Hunting and Forestry

Material Consumption 5.0%

0.9%

9.9%

0.3%

17.0%

4.6%5.3%

0.1%

0.9%

1.7%

11.0%

13.8% 2.6%

7.7%0.0%

18.4% 0.8%


Data availability (I)

DataAvailable

Next data collected

Environmental economic accounts

Environmental tax revenues EU25: 1995-2004, 2005: 26 countries + Norway 2007

Environmental taxes by industries 10 countries:1995-2003, EU15 estimates 2007

Environmental expenditure 1995-2004 2008

Physical flow accounts

Air emission accounts 1990-2004. 2005 estimates for EU15, EU25, EU27

2008

Economy-wide material flow accounts EU-15: 1970-2001*, 2004* 2008

Asset accounts

Subsoil asset accounts 1980-2000* 2007

Forest accounts 1999* 2007


Data availability (II)

Project Available

Environmental economic accounts

Environmental Goods and Services Sector Compilation guide and standard tables for data collection are in preparation

2008

Physical flow accounts

Water flow accounts Pilot project on SEEAW for the EU using existing data 2008

Waste accounts Pilot project on waste NAMEAs for the EU using existing data

2008

Forthcoming accounts


Pilot studies

More than 120 pilot studies

Accounts for forests, land, water assets NAMEAs on air emissions, waste, water, energy MFA and PIOTs Environmental expenditure and taxes

Summary report available beginning of 2008

(NAMEA: National Accounts Matrix including Environmental Accounts, MFA: Material Flow Accounts, PIOT: Pysical input-output tables)


2221

9

13

17

24

12

9

13

1617

78

2

6

5

6

2

4

3

3

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Ha

ve a

pro

gra

mm

eo

f E

A

En

viro

nm

en

tp

rote

ctio

ne

xpe

nd

iture

En

viro

nm

en

t in

du

stry

Ta

xes

Eco

no

my-

wid

eM

ate

ria

l Flo

wA

acc

ou

nts

Air

em

issi

on

s*

En

erg

y*

Wa

ter

flow

s*

Fo

rest

tim

be

r

Re

sea

rch

Mo

nito

rin

gp

erf

orm

an

ce

Po

licy

ass

ess

em

en

t

Pu

blic

aw

are

ne

ss

Compilation of environmental accounts Uses of environmental accounts

Number of countries


Cooperation

DG Environment European Commission

Member States – European Statistical System

European Environment Agency

OECD

UN / UNCEEA / London Group on Environment statistics


Environmental Accounts and Indicators

Decoupling indicators

Air emissions per economic activity (in complement to air emissions per UNFCCC sector)

Depletion/degradation of natural resources

Sustainable production and consumption

Effects of economic policy measures (Environmental Expenditure & Taxes)


Environmental Data Centres (EDC)

Eurostat responsible for EDCs on 1. Resources including indicators on MFA, on sustainable use of

Natural Resources 2. Products (Integrated Product policy) including data on Life-

Cycle-Analysis (LCA)3. Waste (Waste Statistics Regulation)

Other EDCs: Joint Research Centre : Soil, ForestryEuropean Environmental Agency : Air, Climate Change,

Water, Biodiv., Land Use


Outlook

New ESEA in 2008 UNSC standard on SEEA (2010?) Data Centres Consolidation of data coverage, harmonization Indicators based on Environmental Accounting Nowcasting Estimations


Environmental Accounts – A tool for policy monitoring

Analyses: Impact of measures International comparison:

of corresponding economic divisions Emission prognoses: according to economic prognoses

New Insights: calls for action


Globalisation


globalisation Environment

Economic growthShifts production / consumption

Different elements (water, resources, air)


TradeProduction/consumptionEnergy useTransport flows

Economic globalisation

Social globalisationTourismMigrationConsumption patterns

Environmental globalisation


Challenges for environmental statistics

Further develop integrated economic and environmental accounting

Raise awareness in other statistical domains on relations with environmental statistics

Use statistics already available in other domains Resources to be reserved for environmental statistics Respond on need for composite indicators Information on river and sub basin level


Strategies to meet these challenges

Emphasis on further develop Integrated Economic and Environmental accounting

Support and promote Environmental accounting

Strengthen cooperation between main European actors in Environment statistics (example Go4)


Conference

‘BEYOND GDP’

19 and 20 November 2007, Brussels


Integrated Economic and Environmental Accounting and Globalisation and the impact for Agriculture

Oktober 2007, ICAS IV: Beijing

Pieter Everaers: Eurostat

Thank you for your attention


Codes: 1 = data availability and use; 2 = implementation; 3 = inactivity

Member States

Air emissions

Water accounting

Economy-wide

material flow

Environmental protection

expenditure

Environmental taxes

Forest and land accounts

Subsoil asset

accountsBelgium 1 2 1 1 1 1 3Denmark 1 2 1 1 1 1 1Germany 1 1 1 1 1 1 3Greece 1 2 1 1 1 1 3Spain 2 2 3 1 1 2 3France 1 2 3 1 1 1 1Ireland 1 2 3 1 1 3 3Italy 1 2 1 1 1 2 2Luxembourg 2 3 3 1 1 3 3Netherlands 1 2 2 1 1 3 1Austria 1 2 1 1 1 1 1Portugal 2 3 2 1 1 3 3Finland 2 1 1 1 1 1 1Sweden 1 1 2 1 1 2 3United Kingdom 1 2 1 1 1 2 1Norway 1 1 2 1 1 2 1

Area of work


Output inspired harmonisationOne number policy

all statistical information on the webone number per issue

“Glueing Cubes”


Sources Xn

Statistics X

Sources Yn

Statistics Y

StatLineData and process


X Y

XY

Glueing cubes: using harmonised concepts


Y

AX

BZ

C

A

CB

X

Y

Z

21-mars-07 nom de la prÉsentation 1 integrated economic and environmental accounting and...

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