2018 plant list - scioto gardens list.pdf · trees and shrubs key to symbols: full sun part shade...

Key to Symbols: Full Sun Part Shade Full Shade Attracts Birds & Pollinators Fragrant Cut Flowers

Fall Color Deer and Rabbit Resistant Native Species Medicinal Uses Edible Larval Host Page # 1

Scioto Gardens 740-363-8264 [email protected]

Note: Butterfly info mostly based on Doug Tallomy’s research.

Sustainable, earth-friendly growth and maintenance practices:

Real Soil = Real Difference. All plants are container-grown in a blend of local soil and compost.

Plants are grown outside year-round. They are always in step with the seasons.

Minimal pruning ensures a well-rooted, healthy plant.

Use degradable and recycled containers to reduce waste.

Use of controlled-release fertilizers minimizes leaching into the environment.

Our primary focus is on native plants. However, non-invasive exotics are an equally important part of the choices we offer you. There is great creative opportunity using natives in combination with exotics. Adding more native plants into our landscapes provides food and habitat for wildlife and connections to larger natural areas.

Additional species may be available. Email or call for current availability, sizes, and prices.

Wetland Indicator Status—This is listed in parentheses after the common name when a status is known. All species have not been evaluated. The indicator code is helpful in evaluating the appropriate habitat for a plant. Please remem-ber—plants don’t read the books! There are many variables to consider. Indicator Code Indicator Status Comment OBL Obligate Wetland Almost always is a hydrophyte, rarely in uplands FACW Facultative Wetland Usually is a hydrophyte but occasionally found in uplands FAC Facultative Commonly occurs as either a hydrophyte or non-hydrophyte FACU Facultative Upland Occasionally is a hydrophyte but usually occurs in uplands UPL Obligate Upland Rarely is a hydrophyte, almost always in uplands

3351 State Route 37 West Delaware, OH 43015

Index: Trees & Shrubs pg. 2-8 Perennials pg. 8-18 Ferns pg. 19-20 Grasses pg. 18-19 Vines pg. 20-21 Edibles pg. 20

Hours: April 1 – October 31: Mon.- Sat. 9 am - 6 pm Sun.10 am - 5 pm Extended hours in May & June: Mon.- Sat. 9 am - 7 pm Sun.10 am - 6 pm Open Holidays 10am - 5pm

2018 Plant List

www.sciotogardens.com Phone/fax: 740-363-8264 Email: [email protected]





Abies balsamea var. phanerolepis Canaan Fir Medium sized evergreen. A very popular Christmas tree. Common name from the Canaan Valley in WV where it was first found. Average soils - well drained or clay. Best in slightly acidic soils. Tolerates heat, humidity, and drought. Full sun to light shade. 40' x 20-30' Eastern US native. Zone 3

Acanthopanax s. 'Variegatus' Variegated Arelia Beautiful variegated plant with bright yellow and green palmate leaves. Great tough plant for average to dry locations. Tolerates drought, shearing, urban pollution. Arching form. Small weak spines at the petioles. Japan. Very adapta-ble, grows in full sun to full shade. 5-8' x 5-8' Zone 4

Acer rubrum Red Maple (FAC) Good shade tree. Medium to fast growing. Excellent orange-red fall color. One of the first to color in fall. Monoecious. Host to 287 species of Lepidoptera. Best in slightly acidic soils. Average to moist soil. Tolerates air pollution. OH Native. 30-50' x 40-70' Full sun - part shade. Zone 3-9

Acer saccharum Sugar Maple (FACU) Excellent native shade tree. Host to 287 species of Lepidoptera. A significant tree of the Eastern U.S. hardwood forest. Spectacular fall color. Sap is used to make maple syrup. Average soil. Intolerant of road salt, soil compaction & pollu-tion. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 40-80' x 30-60' Zone 3

Aesculus glabra Ohio Buckeye (FACU) The Ohio State tree. Whitish flowers in spring attract hummingbirds. Host to 32 species of Lepidoptera. A nice rounded form with low sweeping branches. Buckeyes tend to lose their leaves early and unceremoniously. Average soil. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 30' x 25' Zone 3

Aesculus pavia Red Buckeye (FACU) Small tree with nice rounded form. Brick red flower spikes in spring are great for hummingbirds. Host to 32 species of Lepidoptera. Average to dry soil. Salt tolerant. Native to southern US. Full sun to part shade. 10-20' x 10-20' Zone 5

Amelanchier laevis Allegheny Serviceberry A small tree with white flowers in spring before the leaves emerge. Host to 115 species of Lepidoptera. Red fall color. Edible dark purple berries in June. Usual-ly multi-stemmed. Best in moist, well drained soil will tolerate average to dry. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 15-25' x 15-25' Zone 4

Aronia arbutifolia Red Chokeberry (FACW) White flower clusters in late spring, bright red glossy fruit, shiny foliage, and brilliant red fall color. Average to moist soil. Host plant for 5 species of Lepidop-tera. A good rain garden plant. Salt tolerant. Endangered species in OH. Full sun to part shade. 6-8' x 6' Zone 4

Aronia melanocarpa Black Chokeberry (FACW) Lovely white flower clusters in spring. Black edible fruit for wildlife and humans. Host plant for 5 species of Lepidoptera. Glossy foliage turns a brilliant red in fall. Average to wet soils. Great for rain gardens. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 6' x 6' Zones 3-8

Aronia melanocarpa 'Iroquois Beauty' Iroquois Beauty Black Chokeberry (FACW) A beautiful dwarf form. Fragrant, white flowers in late spring. Dark, glossy green foliage. Black fruit and brilliant wine-red fall color. Average to moist soil. Great for rain gardens. Cultivar of OH native. Full sun to part shade. 3-4' x 3-4' Zone 3

Aronia melanocarpa 'Viking' Viking Black Chokeberry (FACW) Lovely white flower clusters in spring. Large black edible fruit for wildlife and humans. Developed as an orchard plant in Europe. Host plant for 5 species of Lepidoptera. Glossy foliage turns a brilliant red in fall. Average to wet soils. OH native cultivar. Full sun to part shade. 6' x 6-8' Zones 3-8

Asimina triloba Common Pawpaw (FAC) A popular native tree with large drooping leaves giving it a tropical look. Typically found as an understory tree. The nutritious fruit is fragrant with a banana flavor. Host to 12 species of Lepidoptera. Best fruit set with 2 plants. Colonizes. Best in moist, rich soils. Medicinal uses. Full sun to shade. 15-20' x 15-20'. Zone 5

Betula nigra River Birch (FACW) Handsome specimen tree. Exfoliating bark provides a nice winter effect. The most trouble free birch with excellent resistance to bronze birch borer. Host plant for 413 species of Lepidoptera. Average to wet soil. Great rain garden plant. Medicinal uses. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 40-70' x 40-60' Zone 3

Betula nigra 'Little King' Little King Dwarf River Birch (FACW) Compact, rounded growth habit with glossy medium green foliage. Exfoliating bark makes a nice winter effect. Excellent resistance to bronze birch borer. Host plant for 413 species of Lepidoptera. Average to wet soil. Great rain garden plant. Medicinal uses. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 10' x 10' Zone 3

Buxus microphylla 'Wanford Page' Wanford's Dwarf Golden Boxwood Unique, colorful boxwood. New growth is a luminescent butter yellow. Foliage matures to green. Winter foliage is green with yellow variegation. Dwarf mound shape. Average to dry soil. Full sun to part shade. 3' x 3' Zone 5

Buxus sempervirens 'Variegata' Variegated Boxwood Dark green leaves with yellow edges. Nice rounded form. Slow growing. Great for a spot of color in a semi-shady place. Average to dry soil. Medicinal uses. Full sun to part shade. 3-4' x 3-4' Zone 5

Buxus x 'Glenco' 'Chicagoland Green' Boxwood Compact spreading habit. Good winter color. Faster growing than 'Green Velvet.' Excellent hardiness. Has withstood lows of -22° to -32° F with no die back. Average to dry soil. Full sun to part shade. 2-3' x 2-3' Zone 4

Calycanthus floridus Sweet Shrub (FACU) Spicy fragrant, maroon flowers in May. Glossy green foliage is aromatic when crushed. Average to dry soils. Medicinal uses. Host to 2 species of butterflies and moths. Native to Eastern US. Extirpated in OH wilds. Full sun to part shade. 6-9' x 6-12' Zone 4

TREES AND SHRUBS





Carpinus caroliniana Musclewood/American Hornbeam (FAC) Slow growing understory tree with nice rounded habit. Inconspicuous flowers. Host to 66 species of Lepidoptera. Average moisture. Adaptable to wide range of soils including clay. OH native, found in all but 3 counties. Partial to full shade. 20-35' x 20-35' Zone 3

Carya ovata Shagbark Hickory (FACU) Shaggy barked native tree has sweet tasting nuts (about 120nuts/lb.). Provides food for a variety of wildlife. Monoecious. Host to 233 different Lepidoptera. Best in rich well drained soils. Adapts to a wide range of soils. Salt tolerant. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 60-80’ x 40-60’ Zone 4

Carya tomentosa Mockernut Hickory Slow-growing tree with furrowed gray bark and a broad rounded crown. Provides food for a variety of wildlife. Monoecious. Host plant for 233 species of Lepidop-tera. Well-drained, dry to moist soil. Adaptable to wide range of soils, including clay. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 50-60' x 20' Zone 4

Caryopteris divaricata 'Snow Fairy' Snow Fairy Bluebeard Dark green foliage with creamy white margins. Elegant blue flowers in late sum-mer and fall. Behaves like a perennial. Blooms on new wood. Average to dry soil. Full sun. 3-5' x 3-5' Zone 5

Castanea dentata American Chestnut A stately broad, fast growing tree with very rot resistant wood. Once covered much of the Eastern US. A good food source for wildlife. Host plant for 125 species of Lepidoptera. Average soil. Best in sandy, loamy, slightly acidic soil. Must have good drainage. 100' x 100' Full sun to part shade. Zone 4

Castanea pumila Allegheny Chinkapin A large shrub or small tree up to 25 feet tall that can form dense thickets when growing in bright sun. Typically found in dry, woodlands. Host plant for 125 spe-cies of Lepidoptera. Nuts are eaten by wildlife. Resistant to the Chestnut Blight. Listed in 1 county in OH. US native. Full sun to part shade. Zone 5-9

Catalpa speciosa Catalpa (FACU) Showy white flower clusters in late spring. Showy bean like seed pods. Host to 7 species of Lepidoptera. Common around old farms. Wide range of soils - wet to dry, well drained. Tolerates: Deer, Drought, Clay Soil, Air Pollution, Salt, Storms. Mid-west native. 40 -70' x 20-50' Full sun to part shade. Zone 4

Celtis laevigata Sugarberry (FACW) Insignificant green flowers in spring. Sweet, purple fruit in late summer-fall is attractive to wildlife. Edible. Host to 41 species of Lepidoptera. Average to wet soils. Tolerates wind, clay soil, air pollution. Endangered species in OH. Full sun to part shade. 60-80' x 60-80' Zone 5

Celtis occidentalis Common Hackberry (FAC) Tough native shade tree. Tolerates wind and urban pollutants. Tolerates wet, dry, poor soils. A good replacement for Ash. Flowers insignificant. Fruit is attrac-tive to birds and other wildlife. Corky bark. Host to 41 species of Lepidoptera. Salt tolerant. OH native. 40-60' x 40-60' Full sun to part shade. Zone 3

Cephalanthus occidentalis Buttonbush (OBL) Creamy white spherical flowers for several weeks in summer. Rounded form with glossy foliage for a medium texture. Host to 19 species of Lepidoptera. Average to wet soils. Good rain garden plant. Medicinal uses. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 4-8' x 4-8' Zone 5

Cercis canadensis Redbud (FACU) A favorite native understory tree. Rosy-pink flowers line the branches in early spring. Heart shaped medium green leaves. Host to 19 species of Lepidoptera. Average to moist soil. Best in part shade. OH native. 20-30' Zone 4

Clethra alnifolia Summersweet (FACW) Fragrant large white bottlebrush flowers in mid-summer. Host to 9 species of Lepidoptera. Dense mounded habit. Dark green, glossy foliage and yellow fall color. Salt tolerant. Moist to wet soil. Good rain garden plant. Full sun to part shade. Eastern US native. 3- 8' x 4-6' Zone 4

Clethra alnifolia '16 Candles' 16 Candles Dwarf Summersweet (FACW) Fragrant large white bottlebrush flowers in mid-summer. Host to 9 species of Lepidoptera. Dark green, glossy foliage and yellow fall color. Salt tolerant. Moist to wet soil. Good rain garden plant. Full sun to part shade. Eastern US native. 4-5' x 2-3' Zone 4

Clethra alnifolia 'Ruby Spice' Ruby Spice Summersweet (FACW) Fragrant deep reddish-pink flowers that don't fade. Host to 9 species of Lepi-doptera. Yellow fall color. Attracts butterflies & hummingbirds. Moist soil to wet. Salt tolerant. Good rain garden plant. Eastern US Native. Full sun to part shade. 4-6' x 3-5' Zone 4

Cornus amomum Silky Dogwood (FACW) Tiny white flowers followed by attractive porcelain blue berries that ripen in Au-gust. Host to 115 species of Lepidoptera. Medium green leaves. Twigs are red-dish to purplish brown in spring. Open-rounded form. Average to moist soil. Good for rain gardens. OH native. 6-10'x 6-10' Full sun to part shade. Zone 5

Cornus racemosa Gray Dogwood (FAC) An excellent native shrub for wildlife. Host to 115 species of Lepidoptera. Multi-stemmed with an upright habit. Spreads to form a colony. White flowers in the spring followed by white fruit in late summer. Very adaptive to wet or dry soil, sun or shade. Good rain garden plant. OH native. 6-10' Zone 3

Cornus sericea Redosier Dogwood (FACW) Beautiful purple-red stems create great winter interest. Excellent for use in cut arrangements. Cut back each year for straight red stems and smaller plant. Host to 115 species of Lepidoptera. Very adaptable to most soils including wet. Good rain garden plant. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 8-10' Zone 2

Cornus sericea 'Bergeson Compact' Dwarf Redosier Dogwood (FACW) Compact form has beautiful red stems for great winter interest. Cut back each year for straight red stems. Host to 115 species of Lepidoptera. Foliage has nice purple-red fall color. Very adaptable to most soils including wet. Good rain gar-den plant. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 4-6' x 4-6' Zone 2

TREES AND SHRUBS





Corylus americana American Hazelnut (FACU) Strongly multi-stemmed shrub with a rounded top and wide spreading stems. Catkins are showy in early spring. Nuts ripen in early fall. Great for wildlife espe-cially squirrels. Host plant for 131 species of Lepidoptera. Best in well drained loamy soil. pH adaptable. OH native. Full sun to light shade. 10-15' Zone 4

Cotinus obovatus American Smoketree Flowers are 6-10" greenish panicles that fill the tree in late spring. Dioecious. Male flowers a little showier. Fabulous fall colors of yellow, orange, and reds. Host to 4 species of butterflies and moths. Average, well drained soil. Tolerates infertile soil. Native to SE US. Full sun to part shade. 20-30' x 20' Zone 4

Diervilla lonicera Native Bush Honeysuckle A tough compact, clumping shrub with small yellow flowers in mid-summer. Attracts hummingbirds. Host for 4 species of Lepidoptera. Moist to dry soil. Very adaptable. Salt and drought tolerant. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 3' x 4' Zone 3

Diospyros virginiana American Persimmon (FAC) The persimmon is one of the most luscious and sweet fruits when fully ripe. Great for wildlife and people. Host to 44 species of Lepidoptera. Attractive speci-men tree. Polygamo-Dioecious. Adaptable to wide range of moist to dry soils. Salt tolerant. Medicinal uses. OH native. Full sun. 50' x 25' Zone 4

Euonymus atropurpureus Wahoo (FAC) Dark purple flowers in early summer and red fruit in fall is attractive to birds and insects. Host to 6 species of Lepidoptera. Leaves reddish in fall. Small tree/shrub. Average to moist soils. Needs good drainage. Tolerates Black Walnuts. OH native. Full sun to light shade. 20-25' x 15-25' Zone 3

Fagus grandifolia American Beech (FACU) Beautiful shade tree with smooth gray bark. Insignificant yellowish flowers in spring. Monoecious. Edible Beechnuts ripen in fall. Host plant for 126 butterfly and moth species. Best in deep, rich, moist soil. Does not tolerate wet soil or urban conditions. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 50-80' x 40-80' Zone 3

Gymnocladus dioicus Kentucky Coffeetree Dioecious flowers bloom in late spring. Female flowers are fragrant and interest-ing if not showy. Host for 4 species of Lepidoptera. Adaptable to a wide range of soils, best growth in deep, rich moist soil. Salt tolerant. Late to leaf out in spring. Nice vase shaped form. 60-75' x 40-50' OH native. Full sun. Zone 4

Hydrangea arb. 'Annabelle' Annabelle' Smooth Hydrangea (FACU) Huge white snowball flowers in summer. Blooms on new wood. Cut back hard in spring for stronger stems and a shorter plant. Salt tolerant. Average to moist soils. Good choice for rain gardens. Host to 5 species of butterflies and moths. Medicinal uses. OH native. Sun or shade. 3-5' x 3-5' Zone 4

Hydrangea arborescens Smooth Hydrangea (FACU) Beautiful lacy white blooms in early to mid-summer. A strong stems which hold the blooms upright, even after a heavy rain. Can be cut back in spring. Host for 5 species of Lepidoptera. Average to moist soil. Good for rain gardens. Salt toler-ant. Medicinal uses. OH native. Full sun to full shade. 4-6' x 5' Zone 4

Hydrangea m. 'D. D. Expression' Double Delights Expression Hydrangea Elegant pink to blue double florets. Young buds glow in paler creamy tones, giving a bicolor effect. Compact plants start blooming late spring and continue until frost. Dense mopheads stay upright, a significant improvement over other rebloomers. Average to moist soil. Part shade. 4' x 4' Zone 5

Hydrangea m. 'Pistachio' Pistachio Hydrangea Spectacular multi-color flowers with blue, dark red, light green, and purple. A rebloomer that blooms all summer. Strong stems prevent flopping. Average to moist soil. A very unique and colorful Hydrangea unlike any other! Part shade. 2-3'x 3-5' Zone 5

Hydrangea m. 'Red Sensation' Red Sensation Hydrangea Brilliant red reblooming hydrangea with striking burgundy stems. Blooms start lime green, age to red and fade to purple in fall. Amount of rebloom dependent's on location, weather and temperature; plant in a sunnier spot for better results. Average to moist soil. Sun to part shade. 3' x 3' Zone 4

Hydrangea p. 'Fire and Ice' Fire and Ice Hardy Hydrangea (FAC) Flower clusters open cream, mature to pink by mid-summer, and deepen to burgundy red in late summer to fall. The best deep burgundy paniculata on the market today! Average to moist soil. Full sun to part shade. Upright growth habit. 3-5' x 3-4' Zone 3

Hydrangea quercifolia 'Ice Crystal' Ice Crystal Oakleaf Hydrangea A dwarf selection with a low mounded habit. Abundant white flower heads in early to mid-summer. Excellent wine-red fall color. Great for smaller gardens. Best in rich, moist soil. Host for 5 species of butterflies and moths. Native to southern US. Full sun to part shade. 5' x 5' Zone 5

Hydrangea q. 'Ruby Slippers' Ruby Slippers Oakleaf Hydrangea Abundant white flower heads in early to mid-summer age to red. Blooms on old wood. Excellent wine-red fall color. Great for smaller gardens. Best in rich, moist soil. Host for 5 species of butterflies and moths. Native to southern US. Full sun to part shade. 5' x 5' Zone 5

Hypericum kalmianum 'Gemo' Gemo' St. John's-Wort (FAC) Tightly branched shrub with narrow willow-like leaves. Glows with rich yellow flowers in mid-late summer. Exfoliating bark for winter interest. Average to dry soil. Host for 3 species of butterflies and moths. Native to OH and Eastern US. Threatened species in OH. Full sun to part shade. 2-3' x 2-3' Zone 5

Ilex verticillata Winterberry Holly (FACW) Red berries on female plants remain for much of the winter. Upright growth habit with glossy dark green leaves. Host to 34 species of Lepidoptera. Wet to aver-age soils. Good for rain gardens. Salt tolerant. Medicinal uses. OH Native. Full sun to part shade. 6-8' x 6-8' Zone 3

Ilex verticillata 'Jim Dandy' Jim Dandy' Winterberry Holly (FACW) Compact, densely branched male form. Host to 34 species of Lepidoptera. Wet to average soils. Good rain garden plant. Salt tolerant. Male pollinator for several early to mid season blooming female varieties. Medicinal uses. 1 male for 5-6 females. Native to OH. Full sun to part shade. 4-6' x 4' Zone 4

TREES AND SHRUBS





Ilex verticillata 'Red Sprite' Red Sprite' Winterberry Holly (FACW) A compact, rounded plant with glossy foliage. Impressive numbers of large bright red berries in fall. Host to 34 species of Lepidoptera. Wet to average soils. Good rain garden plant. Salt tolerant. Use 'Jim Dandy' as pollinator. Medicinal uses. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 3-4' x 3-4' Zone 4

Ilex verticillata 'Southern Gentleman' Southern Gentleman' Winterberry Holly (FACW) Upright rounded form. Wet to average soils. Good rain garden plant. Host to 34 species of Lepidoptera. Salt tolerant. Male pollinator for several late blooming female varieties. You can have 5-6 female plants for one male. Medicinal uses. Native to OH and Eastern US. Full sun to part shade. 6-8' x 6' Zone 4

Ilex verticillata 'Winter Red' Winter Red Winterberry Holly (FACW) Abundant true red berries remain for much of the winter. Upright growth habit with glossy dark green leaves. Host to 34 species of Lepidoptera. Wet to aver-age soils. Good for rain gardens. Salt tolerant. Use 'Southern Gentleman' as pollinator. Medicinal uses. OH Native. Full sun to part shade. 6-8' x 6-8' Zone 3

Itea v. 'Henry's Garnet' Henry's Garnet' Virginia Sweetspire (FACW) Pure white, lightly fragrant flowers on 6" racemes in June. Brilliant reddish-purple fall color. Compact form is perfect for filling large banks, beds and bor-ders. Great for average to wet sites with slightly acidic soil. Good rain garden plant. Native to Eastern US. Full sun to part shade. 3-6' x 4-8' Zone 5

Itea v. 'Merlot' Merlot' Virginia Sweetspire (FACW) Pure white, lightly fragrant flower racemes in June. Purple-red fall color. Com-pact form is perfect for filling large banks, and borders. Great for average to wet sites with slightly acidic soil. Good rain garden plant. Native to Eastern US. (May be same clone as 'Little Henry') Full sun to part shade. 3-4' x 3-4' Zone 5

Juglans cinerea Butternut (FACU) Less commonly grown than Black Walnut becoming rare in natural habitats. Nuts are sweeter with a buttery taste. Monoecious. Average to moist soils. Host to 126 species of Lepidoptera, including Hairstreaks and Luna Moths. OH native. Full sun. 40-60’ x 40-60’ Zone 3

Juniperus virginiana Eastern Red Cedar (FACU) Densely conical form when young. Broader and slightly pendulous in old age. Excellent evergreen for screening and as a specimen. Beneficial for wildlife. Host to 37 species of Lepidoptera. Dry to moist soils. Salt tolerant. Polygamo-dioecious. Native to OH. Full sun. 30-40' x 8-15' Zone 3

Juniperus virginiana 'Green Point' Green Point Eastern Red Cedar (FACU) Tight columnar form similar to Italian Cypress in shape. Dark green foliage has good winter color. Beneficial for wildlife. Host to 37 species of Lepidoptera. Does well in most soil types except wet. Evergreen. Salt tolerant. OH native cultivar . Best in full sun. 25-30' tall x 4' wide Zone 3

Juniperus virginiana 'Grey Owl' Grey Owl Dwarf Eastern Red Cedar (FACU) A dwarf spreading form of our Eastern Red Cedar with soft silver gray foliage. Compact growth habit. Beneficial for wildlife. Host to 37 species of Lepidoptera. Does well in most soil types except wet. Evergreen. Salt tolerant. OH native cultivar. Best in full sun. 3' x 6' Zone 3

Larix laricina American Larch, Tamarack (FACW) A deciduous conifer with blue-green foliage and yellow fall color. Medium to fast growing when young. Host to 115 species of Lepidoptera. Does well in average to wet soils, acidic to neutral is best. Not urban tolerant. Salt tolerant. Potentially threatened OH native. Full sun. 40-80' x 20-30' Zone 2

Lindera benzoin Spicebush (FACW) Yellow flowers in early spring before the leaves. Dioecious. Host to 6 species of Lepidoptera, including the spicebush swallowtail butterfly. Yellow foliage and showy red fruit (on female plants) provide fall color. Best in moist soil. Good rain garden plant. Medicinal uses. OH native. Part to full shade. 6-8' x 6-8' Zone 5.

Lindera glauca var. salicifolia Willow-leaf Spicebush Attractive willow-like foliage, emerald green above and gray-green below. Bril-liant orange fall color. Tan foliage persists all winter. Jet black fruit in fall. Poor germination rate. Tall oval habit. Average soil. Korea. Full sun. 10' x 8' Zone 5.

Liriodendron tulipifera Tulip Poplar (FACU) Large fast growing OH native. Yellow tulip-shaped flowers with an orange band at the base of the petals in May- June. Best in rich, organic, well drained soils. Long prized as a timber tree. Honey is an important product. Host to 19 species of Lepidoptera. Salt tolerant. Full sun to part shade. 60-90' x 30-50' Zone 4.

Morus rubra Red Mulberry (FACU) Our native mulberry has juicy, dark purple berries great for birds and wildlife. Host to 6 species of Lepidoptera. Lovely tree with dark green foliage turning yellow in fall. Small green catkin-like flowers in early spring. Plants are usually dioecious. Best in rich, moist soil. OH native. Full sun. 35-50' x 35-40' Zone 5

Myrica pensylvanica ( Bayberry (FAC) Excellent semi-evergreen shrub for massing or borders. Host to 106 species of Lepidoptera. Salt tolerant. Deep green lustrous aromatic foliage. Dioecious. Very adaptable to all but wet soils. Clump forming. Medicinal uses. Native to Eastern US. Endangered species in OH. Full sun to part shade. 9' x 9' Zone 3

Nyssa sylvatica Black Tupelo (FAC) A fantastic native tree. Host to 25 species of Lepidoptera. Lustrous dark green foliage in summer. Fabulous fall colors of yellow, orange, red and purple. Coni-cal form makes a nice specimen tree. Adaptable to range of soils. Polygamo-dioecious. Salt tolerant. Best in pH 5.5 -6.5. OH native. 30' x 20' Zone 4

Ostrya virginiana Ironwood/Hop Hornbeam (FACU) Dark green leaves with fine textured horizontal to drooping branches. Host to 91 species of Lepidoptera. Monoecious. Mildly exfoliating bark. Average, well drained soil. Does well in suburban and urban conditions. Salt tolerant. OH native. Full sun to shade. 25-40' x 20-30' Zone 3b

Paeonia suffruticosa Tree Peony (assorted colors) Large, double flowers in assorted colors. Outstanding flowering shrub with 8"-10" blooms in May. Average, well drained soil. Light feeders. Too much ferti-lizer will inhibit blooms. China. Full sun to light shade. 3-5' Zone 4

TREES AND SHRUBS





Physocarpus opulifolius 'Nanus' Dwarf Common Ninebark (FAC) Light pink flowers clusters in late spring. Reddish fruit for wildlife. Dwarf spread-ing shrub noted for its exfoliating bark. Prune as needed immediately after bloom. Host to 40 species of Lepidoptera. Average to dry soil. Salt tolerant. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 2-5' x 3-4' Zone 2

Picea glauca densata Black Hills Spruce (FACU) Dense, slow growing evergreen. Provides cover for birds. Spruce are host to 146 species of Lepidoptera. Average soil. Avoid wet places. Rarely bothered by deer. US Native. Full sun. 20-40' x 10-15' Zone 3-6

Pinus virginiana Virginia Pine Medium size, fast growing evergreen. Broad open conical crown. Pines are host for 191 Lepidoptera. Very tough, grows in most soils. Does well in poor, dry soils. Used medicinally by Native Americans. Full sun. 15-40' x 10-30' Zone 4

Platanus occidentalis Sycamore (FACW) A very large native tree of bottomlands and riverbanks. Host to 42 species of Lepidoptera. The exfoliating bark is shades of gray to almost white. Excellent winter interest. Large leaves provide good shade. Average to wet soils. Good tree for large rain gardens. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 100' x 100' Zone 4

Potentilla fruticosa 'Dakota Sunspot' Dakota Sunspot' Bush Cinquefoil (FACU) Vivid deep golden yellow flowers from spring until frost. Interesting brown peel-ing bark in winter. A compact spreading growth habit. Average to moist soil with good drainage. Salt tolerant. Very hardy, tough, cultivar of OH native. Host for Large Lace-Border Moth. Full sun to part shade. 2-3' x 3-4' Zone 2

Prunus serotina Wild Black Cherry (FACU) Fragrant, pendulous clusters of white flowers in spring. Red cherries in summer matures to dark purple. Used to make jam and wine. Supports 429 species of butterflies and moths. Adaptable to wide range of soils but best in moist, fertile soil. Medicinal uses. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 50-80' x 30-60' Zone 3

Prunus virginiana Choke Cherry (FACU) Fragrant white flowers in spring. Tart edible fruit best used in jams, pies, sauces. Dark purple/black berries are attractive to birds. Host plant for 429 species of butterflies and moths. Average to dry soil. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 20-30' x 15-20' Zone 2

Ptelea trifoliata Hop Tree (FACU) Little known native tree. Fragrant yellowish green flowers. Host to 5 species of Lepidoptera, including the Giant Swallowtail butterfly. Seeds were once used as a substitute for hops. Found in moist woodlands as an understory plant. Nice specimen tree. Medicinal uses. Sun to shade. OH native. 15-20' x 15-20' Zone 3

Quercus alba White Oak (FACU) Acorns are an important food source for wildlife. Oaks are host for 534 species of Lepidoptera. Grows on many soil types. Best in deep rich, well drained soils. Does well in suburban gardens with proper placement. Not urban tolerant. Salt tolerant. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 50-80' Zone 3

Quercus bicolor Swamp White Oak (FACW) Broad, open round topped crown. Typically found in low and swampy soils. Fine with average moisture. Best in slightly acidic soils. Oaks are host for 534 species of butterflies and moths. Acorns are great food for wildlife. OH native. Full sun. 50-60' x 50-60' Zone 4

Quercus imbricaria Shingle Oak (FACU) A medium sized oak with a conical growth habit. Dark lustrous green leaves. Fall color is yellow to reddish with tan leaves persisting through winter. Dry to moist soils. Oaks are host for 534 species of Lepidoptera. Tolerant of urban condi-tions. OH native. 40-60' x 40-60' Full sun. Zone 4

Quercus lyrata Overcup Oak (OBL) Oval to rounded form at maturity. Fast growing, uniformly handsome trees. Oaks are host for 534 species of Lepidoptera. Average to wet soils. Good for rain gardens. A bottomland species. Tolerates flooding. Popular Southern US native. Full sun to light shade. 40-60' x 40-60' Zone 5

Quercus macrocarpa Burr Oak (FAC) Majestic US native with large bass fiddle shaped leaves. Large sweet acorns with distinctive fringe. Dry to moist soils. Tolerant of suburban/urban conditions. Salt tolerant. Very important tree for wildlife. Oaks are host for 534 species of Lepidoptera. OH native Full sun to part shade. 100' x 100' Zone 4

Quercus muehlenbergii Chinkapin Oak (FACU) A strong drought tolerant native with narrow shiny leaves. Important for wildlife. Sweet acorns. Usually wider than tall. Found on dry limestone outcrops and moist soils. It is rare over most of its range. Oaks are host for 534 species of Lepidoptera. OH native. 70' x 80' Full sun to part shade. Zone 4

Quercus rubra Red Oak (FACU) A fast growing oak with a rounded form. Adaptable to a variety of conditions except wet soil. Best in well drained conditions. Red fall color. Oaks are host for 534 species of Lepidoptera. OH native. Full sun. 60-75' x 60-75' Zone 4

Quercus shumardii Shumard Oak (FACW) Shiny dark green leaves with a shape similar to Quercus rubra. Red fall color. Excellent shade tree. Adapted to alkaline soils and drought tolerant. Will achieve greatest size on deep, moist well-drained soil. Urban tolerant. Oaks are host for 534 species of Lepidoptera. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 60' x 60' Zone 5

Quercus velutina Black Oak An attractive native shade tree. Oaks are host for 534 species of Lepidoptera. Acorns are an important food source for wildlife. Easily grown in average, acidic, dry to medium moisture, well-drained soils. Tolerates Black Walnut. OH Native. Full sun. 50-60' x 50-60' Zone 3

Rhus aromatica Fragrant Sumac (UPL) Tough shrub spreads by root suckers. Host to 54 species of Lepidoptera. Trifoli-ate, medium green leaves turn orange and red in autumn. Usually Dioecious. Average to dry. Good for hard-to-cover areas with poorer soils. Salt tolerant. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 2-6' x 6-10' Zone 3

TREES AND SHRUBS





Rhus aromatica 'Gro-low' Gro-low Sumac (UPL) Dense, low-growing shrub spreads by root suckers. Host to 54 species of Lepi-doptera. Leaves turn orange and red in autumn. Dry to medium soils. Good for stabilizing embankments. Female clone. Good for hard-to-cover areas with poorer soils. Salt tolerant. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 1-2' x 6-8' Zone 3

Rhus copallinum Winged Sumac (UPL) Greenish-yellow flowers in mid to late-summer. Bright red clusters of fruit in fall on female plants. Dioecious. Foliage brilliant red fall color. Suckers to form colo-nies. Great for wildlife and butterflies. Host to 54 species of Lepidoptera. Aver-age to dry soil. OH native. Full sun to part shade 7-15' x 10-20' Zone 4

Rhus glabra Smooth Sumac Greenish-yellow flowers in early summer.Dioecious. Bright red clusters of fruit in fall. Foliage brilliant red fall color. Suckers to form colonies. Great for wildlife and butterflies. Host to 54 species of Lepidoptera. Average to dry soil. Salt tolerant. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 9-15’ x 9-15’ Zone 3

Rhus typhina Staghorn Sumac Large naturalizing shrub. Foliage is bright green in summer and stunning reds, yellows and orange in fall. Big clusters of fruit remain red all winter. Dioecious. Host to 54 species of Lepidoptera. Adaptable to a wide range of soils except wet. Salt tolerant. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 12-15' x 12-15' Zone 4

Rubus odoratus Purple Flowering Raspberry A very ornamental raspberry with fragrant, 2" wide pink flowers for weeks in the summer. Host to 151 species of Lepidoptera. Red berries are edible. A sucker-ing shrub with hairy stems but no thorns. Best to prune right after fruiting. Aver-age to moist soil. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 3-6' x 6-12' Zone 3

Salix discolor Pussy Willow (FACW) Known for the silvery-gray soft fuzzy catkins in spring. Often cut for flower ar-rangements. Dioecious. Average to wet soils. Good rain garden plant. Tolerates deer and Black Walnuts. Full sun to part shade. Host plant to 413 species of Lepidoptera. Salt tolerant. OH Native. 6-15' x 4-12' Zone 4

Salix nigra Black Willow (OBL) Catkins bloom in early spring, an important pollen source. Dioecious. Host plant to 413 species of Lepidoptera. Fast growing, suckering native tree providing fine textured shade. Moist to wet soils. Good for rain gardens. Salt tolerant. Medici-nal uses. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 43-60' Zone 1

Sambucus canadensis Elderberry (FACW) White flower cymes 6-10" wide in June-July. Purple black fruit is high in vitamin C. Good for wine, juice, pies and jellies. Host to 40 species of Lepidoptera. Will grow in most soils both acid and alkaline. Average to wet soil. Salt tolerant. OH native. Best in full sun.8-20' x 8-20' Zone 4

Syringa meyeri 'Palibin' Dwarf Korean Lilac Compact form with small dark green leaves. Strong bloomer with purple flower buds opening to light pink/lavender. Very fragrant. Host to 35 species of butter-flies and moths, including Cecropia Moth. Average to dry soil. Asia. Full sun to part shade. 3-5' x 3-5' Zone 3

Taxodium disticum Bald Cypress (OBL) Deciduous conifer with straight strongly buttressed trunks. Forms cypress "knees" in wet conditions. Often found in swamps but grows well in average garden conditions . Host to 15 species of Lepidoptera. Best in acidic to neutral soils. Great for rain gardens. Salt tolerant. US native. 50-70' x 20-30' Zone 4

Taxus baccata 'Fastigiata' Upright Irish Yew Very upright evergreen with dark green needles. Great for accents or hedges. Discovered in Ireland in 1780. Average to dry, well drained soil. Foliage, bark, and seeds are toxic to humans and livestock. 15-30' x 4-8' Full sun - shade. Zone 6 (5)

Taxus x media 'Bean Pole' 'Bean Pole' Taxus Dense, columnar evergreen shrub. Great accent plant or for small spaces. 6-10' tall and 12-24" wide in ten years. Average to dry soil. Full sun to part shade. Zone 5

Thuja occidentalis Eastern White Cedar (FACW) Dense conical growth habit. Evergreen foliage. Red-brown bark will exfoliate on mature branches and trunks. Host to 48 species of Lepidoptera. Average to moist soil. Good for rain gardens. Tolerates clay, Black Walnuts and air pollu-tion. Potentially threatened OH native. 20-40' x10-15' Full sun to light shade.

Thuja occidentalis 'Degroot's Spire' Degroot's Spire Arborvitae (FACW) Dark green, very upright ,evergreen. Great for screening. Host to 48 species of Lepidoptera. Average to wet soil. Good for rain gardens. Tolerates clay, Black Walnuts and air pollution. Cultivar of OH native. Full sun to part shade. 20-30’ x 4-6’(in 15-20 yrs) Zone 2

Thuja occidentalis 'Holmstrup' Holmstrup White Cedar (FACW) Dense, conical shape with dark green foliage and good winter color, resistant to winter burn. Host to 48 species of Lepidoptera. Average to moist soil. Good rain garden plant. Tolerates Black Walnuts, clay soils, urban pollution. Cultivar of OH native. Full sun to part shade. 10-15’ (5-8’ tall in 10 years) x 3-5’ Zone 3

Thuja occidentalis 'Little Gem' Little Gem' White Cedar (FACW) A dense, broadly globe-shaped growth habit. It is very slow-growing dwarf. Dark green leaves in flat sprays may bronze in winter. Host to 48 species of Lepidop-tera. Average to wet soil. Tolerates Black Walnuts. Species is potentially threat-ened in OH. Full sun to part shade. 3' x 5' (in 10 years) Zone 3

Thuja occidentalis 'Sunkist' Sunkist Arborvitae (FACW) Lemon yellow new growth in spring that deepens to orange yellow in winter. Evergreen. Host to 48 species of Lepidoptera. Average to wet soil. Good for rain gardens. Tolerates clay, Black Walnuts and air pollution. Species is potentially threatened in OH. Full sun to part shade. 6-10' x 5-8' Zone 2

Thuja occidentalis 'Woodwardii'' Woodward White Cedar (FACW) Compact rounded form with dark green evergreen foliage. Average to moist soils. Tolerates Clay Soil, Black Walnut, Air Pollution. Host to 48 species of Lepidoptera. Species is potentially threatened in OH. Full sun to part shade. (4-5' x 8' in ten years) ultimately 4-10' x 8-15' Zone 3

TREES AND SHRUBS





Tilia americana Basswood (FACU) Lovely shade tree for residential areas. Fragrant yellow flowers in June. Adapta-ble to most soils except wet. Flowers used to make tea. Good for honey produc-tion. Host to 142 species of Lepidoptera. Not tolerant of harsh urban conditions. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 80' x 40' Zone 2

Tsuga canadensis Eastern Hemlock (FACU) Graceful fine textured evergreen. Host to 89 species of Lepidoptera. Best in moist (not wet) soil. Protect from winter wind. Tolerates shearing well after plant-ing. Look for un-sheared to lightly sheared hemlocks when buying. OH native. Part to full shade. 60' x 30' Zone 3b

Viburnum dentatum Arrowwood Viburnum (FAC) White flower clusters in late spring. Deep blue fruit in fall, which the birds love. Host to 97 species of Lepidoptera. A durable native shrub with deep green foli-age. Average to moist soil. Good plant for rain gardens. Tolerates clay, salt and black walnuts. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 6-10' x 6-10' Zone 3

Viburnum dentatum 'Chicago Lustre' Chicago Lustre Arrowwood Viburnum (FAC) White flower clusters in early summer. Dark blue fruit in fall for wildlife. Host to 97 species of Lepidoptera. Shiny dark green foliage. Upright, rounded habit. Adaptable to all but wet soils. Tolerates clay, salt and black walnuts. Good for rain gardens. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 10-12' x 8-10' Zone 3

Viburnum prunifolium Blackhaw Viburnum (FACU) White flower clusters in late spring. Dark green, clean foliage turning purplish to red in fall. Host to 97 species of Lepidoptera. Edible fruits are pinkish aging to nearly black. Very adaptable. Good for rain gardens. Medicinal uses. Native to OH and eastern US. Full sun to full shade. 12-15' x 8-12' Zone 3

Viburnum trilobum 'Redwing' Redwing' Cranberrybush Viburnum (FACW) Attractive red tinged new foliage. White flowers in late spring followed by bright red fruit. Red fall color. Host to 97 species of Lepidoptera. Average to moist soil. Threatened species in OH. Full sun to part shade. 8-10' x 8-10' Zone 2

Acanthus spinosus Bears Breeches Tall spikes of mauve flowers make a great summer show. Glossy dark green deeply divided foliage with spiny points. Not as prickly as it looks. Bold specimen plant for sun to partial shade. Needs good drainage. Will not bloom if planted too deep. Southern Europe. 3-4' Zone 5

Achillea millefolium Yarrow (FACU) Creamy white flowers in summer to fall. Finely cut ferny foliage. Host to 20 spe-cies of Lepidoptera. Yarrows are easy to grow, tough plants. Drought tolerant when established. Adaptable to most soils except wet. High salt tolerance. Full sun. OH native. 2-3' Zone 3

Achillia millefolium 'Cassis' Cassis Yarrow(FACU) Large deep red flowers in summer to fall. Finely cut ferny foliage. Host to 20 species of Lepidoptera. Yarrows are easy to grow, tough plants. Drought tolerant when established. Adaptable to most soils except wet. Salt tolerant. Full sun. Cultivar of an OH native. 18-24" Zone 3

Achillea millefolium 'Oertel's Rose' Oertel's Rose Yarrow (FACU) Rosy pink flowers that slowly age to ivory in mid-summer. Finely cut ferny foli-age. Host to 20 species of Lepidoptera. Yarrows are easy to grow, tough plants. Average to dry soils. Drought tolerant when established. High salt tolerance. Cultivar of an OH native. 12-14" Full sun to light shade. Zone 3

Achillea millefolium 'Pomegranate' Pomegranate Yarrow FACU) Rich deep red flowers with golden stamens in summer to fall. Finely cut ferny foliage. Host to 20 species of Lepidoptera. Yarrows are easy to grow, tough plants. Drought tolerant when established. Adaptable to most soils except wet. Salt tolerant. Full sun. Cultivar of an OH native. 18-24" Zone 3

Actaea pachypoda Dolls Eyes (FACU) White flower spikes are held above the foliage in spring. White berries (the dolls eyes) follow. Host to 4 species of Lepidoptera. Nice bushy woodland plant with compound foliage resembling Astilbe. Best in rich, moist, well drained soils. Medicinal uses. OH native. Partial to full shade. 3' Zone 3

Actaea racemosa (Cimifuga r.) Black Cohosh, Snakeroot Long white bottle brush plumes in mid to late summer. Flowers have light fra-grance. Host to 4 species of Lepidoptera. Has attractive light green seed pods. Elegant, tall native for the woodland garden. Best in rich, moist soil. Medicinal uses. Best in partial shade. Foliage 3' with flowers 5-6' OH native. Zone 3

Agastache 'Blue Fortune' 'Blue Fortune' Anise Hyssop Fragrant anise scented foliage and medium blue flower spikes from July to Sep-tember. Looks great continuously with no deadheading. Attracts butterflies, bees, and hummingbirds. Host for 2 species of Lepidoptera. Thrives in hot dry summers. Needs well-drained soil. Moderate salt tolerance. Full sun. 2-3' Zone 5

Allium cernuum Nodding Onions (FACU) This tough native has reflexed pink flowers in late spring that look like miniature fireworks! Lovely in the garden or naturalized in a meadow. Very drought toler-ant once established. Host to 20 species of Lepidoptera, including Hairstreak butterfly. Medicinal uses. Native to OH. Full sun to part shade. 10-12" Zone 3

Amorphophallus konjac Voodoo Lily Single large umbrella shaped leaf emerges in early summer. Petiole is mottled purple and white. Older plants have a large dark maroon flower with a fetid odor. Grow in moist, humus-rich, well drained soil in dappled shade. Tropical. Store dry dormant corms near 50 F.

Amsonia 'Blue Ice' 'Blue Ice' Blue Star A fabulous compact, long-blooming plant. Dark blue buds open to light blue flowers for 5 weeks or more of color in late spring. Dark green leaves form an attractive dense mound. Yellow fall color. Host for Snowberry Clearwing. Average to dry soil. Full sun to part shade. 12-15" Zone 5-9

Amsonia hubrichtii Thread-leaf Blue Star Upright bushy plant with fine foliage. Clusters of pale blue flowers in May-June. Excellent golden fall color. Plant in drifts for maximum 'wow' effect. Provides nice fine texture and movement with a breeze. Needs good drainage. Average to dry soil. Host for Snowberry Clearwing. Full sun to part shade. 3-4' Zone 5

PERENNIELS

TREES AND SHRUBS PERENNIELS





Anemone canadensis Meadow Anemone (FACW) Robust competitive plant with bright white single flowers from mid-spring to early summer. Great for naturalizing areas. Average to wet soil. Tolerates clay soil. Host for 1 species of Lepidoptera. OH native. Full sun to partial shade. 12-18" Zone 4

Anemonella thalictroides Rue Anemone (FACU) Lovely white flowers in late spring. Long blooming. Attractive whorls of 3-lobed foliage. Average to dry soil. Best in rich, organic, well drained soil. May go sum-mer dormant. OH native. Part shade to shade. 6-9" Zone 4

Aquilegia canadensis Wild Columbine (FACU) Spring blooming native has red flowers with yellow centers. Deer and rabbits rarely eat columbine. Host to 12 species of Lepidoptera. Average to moist soil. Good rain garden plant. High salt tolerance. OH native. Partial to full shade. 1-3' Zone 3

Aquilegia canadensis 'Corbett' Gold Wild Columbine (FACU) Abundant light yellow flowers for weeks in April-May. Naturally occurring native found near Corbett, MD. Host to 12 species of Lepidoptera. Nice addition to the shade garden. Average to moist soil. Good for rain gardens. Not favored by deer or rabbits. Partial to full shade.12-18" Zone 3

Arisaema triphyllum Jack-in-the-Pulpit (FACW) This woodland native is a traditional harbinger of spring. Flower is a long, purple spathe surrounding a greenish-yellow spike. Dormant in summer. Bright red seed cluster in the fall. Average to moist, organic soil. OH native. Partial to full shade. 2' Zone 4

Aruncus dioicus Goat's Beard (FACU) Large, creamy white, feathery plumes in early summer. A great source of nectar for insects. Host for 2 species of Lepidoptera. Large, fine textured native is a good substitute for Astilbe. Best in moist site with morning sun and afternoon shade. Good selection for rain gardens. OH native. 4-6' Zone 5

Asarum canadensis Wild Ginger (FACU) Heart shaped green leaves with hidden purplish-brown flowers in spring. Attrac-tive shade garden ground cover. Slowly spreads by rhizomes and seed. Can out compete Garlic Mustard. Average to moist soil. Host plant for Pipevine Swallow-tail. Medicinal uses. OH native 4-6" Partial to full shade. Zone 4

Asclepias exaltata Poke Milkweed (UPL) A tall milkweed typically found at woodland edges. Pale pink - white flowers droop elegantly. Milkweeds are host to 12 species of butterflies and moths. Blooms in early summer. Average to dry soils. The most shade tolerant of the 13 native OH milkweed species. Partial shade. 3-5' Zone 4

Asclepias incarnata Swamp Milkweed (OBL) Narrow willow like leaves. Pink upturned flower clusters in mid-summer. Butterfly magnet! Milkweeds are host to 12 species of butterflies and moths. Nice orange fall color. Average to wet soil. Excellent rain garden plant. Salt tolerant. Medicinal uses. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 3-5' Zone 3

Asclepias sullivantii Sullivant's Milkweed Fragrant pink flower clusters in mid-summer. Very similar to Common Milkweed but less aggressive. Easily grown in average to moist soils. Good for rain gar-dens. Milkweeds are host to 12 species of butterflies and moths. Nectar source for many species. OH native. Full sun. 2-3’ Zone 3

Asclepias syriaca Common Milkweed (FACU) Fragrant pinkish-purple flower clusters in early to mid-summer. Easily grown in average to dry soils. Spreads by rhizomes and seed. Milkweeds are host to 12 species of butterflies and moths. Nectar source for many species. OH native. Full sun. 3-4’ Zone 3

Asclepias tuberosa Butterfly Weed Bright orange flowers in June-July. Milkweeds are host to 12 species of butter-flies and moths. Beautiful planted with Little Bluestem or other prairie plants. Thrives in dry poor soils. Must have good drainage. Moderate salt tolerance. Medicinal uses. OH native. 18-24" Full sun. Zone 3

Asclepias verticillata Horsetail Milkweed (FACU) Fragrant white flowers in mid-summer. Fine texture with needle like leaves which turn to yellow and orange in the fall. Slender, upright decorative seedpods. Milk-weeds are host to 12 species of Lepidoptera. Toxic to livestock. Average to dry soil. Must have good drainage. OH native. Full sun to part shade 1-2' Zone 4

Aster cordifolius Blue Wood Aster Light blue flowers in early fall. Attractive heart shaped leaves. A good naturali-zer under trees, at the edge of woods or other average to dry soil areas. Asters are hosts for 112 species of Lepidoptera. Moderate salt tolerance. OH native. Partial to full shade. 2-3' Zone 3

Aster ericoides 'Snow Flurry' Snow Flurry' Heath Aster (UPL) A fabulous dense groundcover covered with white flowers with gold centers for weeks in the fall. Asters are hosts for 112 species of Lepidoptera. A great com-pact form of a native aster. Average to dry soil. Salt tolerance. OH native. Full sun-part shade. 6-8" Zone 5

Aster laevis 'Blue Bird' 'Blue Bird' Smooth Aster Clusters of single bright blue flowers with golden yellow centers in fall. Loved by many pollinators. Strong stems in full sun with clean foliage. Asters are hosts for 112 species of Lepidoptera. Average to dry soils. Moderate salt tolerance. OH native. 3-4'. Zone 4

Aster lateriflorus 'Lady in Black' Lady in Black' Calico Aster (FACW) Strong, well formed plant with bronze/green foliage. Pinch back in spring for shorter plants. Asters are hosts for 112 species of Lepidoptera. White flowers in Sept-Oct. Good fall pollen source. Average to moist soils. Moderate salt toler-ance. Full sun to light shade. Cultivar of an OH native. 2-3' Zone 5

Aster novae-angliae New England Aster (FACW) Purple flowers in late summer into fall. Asters are hosts for 112 species of Lepi-doptera. Pinch back in spring for shorter plants. Often looses lower leaves so best as a back of the boarder plant. Average to moist soil. Good rain garden plant. Moderate salt tolerance. OH native. 3-6' tall x 2-3' wide. Full sun. Zone 4

PERENNIELS





Aster novae-angliae 'Purple Dome' ( 'Purple Dome' New England Aster (FACW) A nice compact form loaded with dark purple flowers in late summer into fall. Great mixed with goldenrods. Asters are hosts for 112 species of Lepidoptera. Average to moist soil. Good rain garden plant. Moderate salt tolerance. OH native. Full sun 18" x 24" Zone 3

Aster novae-angliae 'Vibrant Dome' Vibrant Dome New England Aster (FACW) A compact floriferous Aster covered with vibrant pink flowers in fall. Tight round growth habit makes it a good replacement for mums. Average to moist garden soil. Found by Bobbie Schwartz. Asters are hosts for 112 species of Lepidop-tera. Moderate salt tolerance. Ohio native. Full sun. Ht. 19" Zone 3

Aster obl. 'October Skies' October Skies' Aromatic Aster Shorter & bushier than 'Raydon's Favorite'. A low mound of foliage covered in blue flowers in mid fall. Foliage is aromatic when handled. Asters are hosts for 112 species of Lepidoptera. Average to dry, poor soils. Moderate salt tolerance. Threatened species in OH. Full sun to part shade. 24-30" x 30-36" Zone 3

Aster oblongifolius 'Raydon's Favorite' 'Raydon's Favorite' Aromatic Aster Blue, fine textured single ray flowers in Sept & Oct. A great plant with aromatic foliage. Very long blooming. Found on calcareous hillsides and cliffs. Asters are hosts for 112 species of Lepidoptera. Average to dry, well drained soil. Moderate salt tolerance. Threatened species in OH. Full sun. 2-3' x 2-3'Zone 3

Aster umbellatus Flat-topped Aster (FACW) Abundant white flowers in late summer. Blooms for 6-8 weeks. Host plant for Harris' Checkerspot butterfly. Asters are hosts for 112 species of Lepidoptera. Average to wet soil. Great for rain gardens. Cut back in late spring to control height. Moderate salt tolerance. OH native. 3-5' Full sun to part shade. Zone 3

Baptisia australis False Blue Indigo (FACU) Beautiful native with blue flower spikes in May and June. Attractive seed pods. Average to dry soils. Host to 15 species of Lepidoptera. Medicinal uses. Toler-ates: Moderate salt, Rabbits, Drought, Erosion, Clay Soil, Shallow-Rocky Soil. Endangered in OH. Full sun to part shade. 3-6' Zone 4

Baptisia spharocarpa Yellow Wild Indigo Spikes of yellow flowers in early to mid-summer stand well above the blue-green foliage. Dark seed pods can be used in arrangements. Clumps will slowly ex-pand. Average to dry soil. Host to 15 species of Lepidoptera. Native to central US. Full sun. 2-3' Zone 4

Boltonia asteroides Thousand-flowered Aster (FACW) Explodes into bloom with white aster-type flowers in late summer-fall. Great plant for naturalizing areas. Excellent for birds and butterflies. Can be pinched back in spring to keep it shorter. Dry to wet soils. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 5-6' x 2-4' Zone 4

Callirhoe involucrata Wine Cups Outstanding low growing Central US native with deeply dissected dark green foliage. Bright magenta single flowers from July to September. Average to dry soil. A great groundcover and for draping over stone walls. Medicinal uses. Needs full sun and good drainage. 6-12" x 2-3' Zone 4

Calopogon tuberosus Grass Pink, Bog Orchid (OBL) Bright pink flowers in late spring. Butterfly-shaped orchids are about 2" wide on tall thin stems. Buds start opening from the bottom of the spike that can reach 12-16" tall. Soil must be kept moist until finished blooming. Good planted with pitcher plants. Threatened species in Ohio. Full sun. Zone 5/6

Caltha palustris Marsh Marigold (OBL) Numerous 1" bright yellow flowers in spring. Attractive waxy round foliage. Typi-cally found in wet meadows and along streams. Average to wet soils. Will seed in and form nice clumps. Salt tolerant. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 1-2' Zone 5

Camassia scilloides Wild Hyacinth, Eastern Hyacinth (FACW) Less showy than its Western cousins, Eastern Hyacinth has its own charms. Grass-like foliage appears in spring followed by loose spikes of light blue flow-ers. Lovely in drifts. Dormant soon after blooming. Found in moist meadows and open woods. Local genome. OH native. Sun to part shade. 12-16" Zone 3

Campanula rotundifolia Harebell (FACU) A little native that overwinters as a small rosette of round leaves. It sends up narrow leaves and wiry flower stems in spring. Pendulous blue, bell-shaped flowers. Blooms from summer to fall. Dry to moist soil. Moderate salt tolerance. Threatened species in OH. Sun to light shade. 8-12" Zone 3

Caulophyllum thalictroides Blue Cohosh A woodland native well known for it's medicinal value. Host to 3 species of Lepi-doptera. Foliage has a blue sheen, especially in the spring. Insignificant yellow-ish green flowers in spring are followed by pairs of beautiful metallic blue fruits in late summer. Best in rich, moist soil. OH native. Shade 12-18" Zone 3

Chelone glabra Turtlehead (OBL) White turtlehead shaped flowers in late summer. Great back of the border plant and a hummingbird favorite. Host to 3 species of Lepidoptera including Balti-more Checkerspot. Average to wet soils. Good selection for rain gardens. Me-dicinal uses. OH native Full sun (if moist) to part shade. 2-4' Zone 5

Chelone lyonii 'Hot Lips' Hot Lips' Pink Turtlehead (FACW) Hot pink turtle head shaped flowers in late summer top lustrous deep green foliage. Bronze green early in season and red stems for most of the season. Average to moist soil. Needs more moisture in full sun. Good rain garden plant. Host for 3 species of Lepidoptera. Full sun to part shade. US native 2-3' Zone 4

Collinsonia canadensis Stoneroot, Citronella, Richweed (FAC) Spikes of yellow flowers that smell like citronella appear above the foliage in late summer. Attractive but not showy. Host to 5 species of Lepidoptera. Average to dry woodland soils. Medicinal uses. OH native. Partial shade. 2-3' Zone 4

Convallaria majalis Lily-of-the-Valley Fragrant white flowers in spring make a nice little cut flower. An old-time favorite. A tough ground cover for shade in average to moist soils. Colonizes nicely. Native to Europe. Widespread in the Northern Hemisphere. Part shade. 8-12" Zone 2

PERENNIELS





Coreopsis lanceolata Lanceleaf Coreopsis (UPL) Bright yellow 2" flowers in summer. Deadheading improves flowering time con-siderably. Long lived native. Great for birds and butterflies. Host to 6 species of Lepidoptera. Average to dry soil. Moderate salt tolerance. Graceful 1-2' plants. OH native. Full sun. Zone 5

Coreopsis tripteris Tall Coreopsis (FAC) Tall, strong stems with whorled leaves create a bamboo effect. A plethora of 2" yellow flowers in July-September. Excellent for birds and butterflies. Host to 6 species of Lepidoptera. Average to dry soil. Moderate salt tolerance. OH native. Full sun. 6-8' Zone 5

Coreopsis verticillata 'Zagreb' 'Zagreb' Threadleaf Coreopsis Clear yellow flowers on compact plants in summer. Late to emerge in spring. Brighter color and more reliable than 'Moonbeam. Narrow, fine textured foliage. Host to 6 species of Lepidoptera. Found in dry woods and clearings. Needs good drainage. An Eastern US native. Full sun to part shade. 15" Zone 4

Crocosmia 'Lucifer' 'Lucifer' Crocosmia Abundant eye-catching, brilliantly red, tubular flowers appear in midsummer atop bold, slightly arching, sparsely branched 3-foot-tall stems. Mid-green leaves are pleated and sword like. Harvest for cut flowers when 50% of buds are open. Great for hummingbirds! Average to dry soil. Full sun. 3' Zone 5/6

Delphinium exaltatum Blue Delphinium, Larkspur Spikes of light blue spurred flowers from July to September. Host to 10 species of Lepidoptera. Perfect for woodland edges. Best in average to rich soils but tolerates drought once established. Eastern US native. Potentially threatened species in OH. Partial shade. 3-6' Zone 5

Delphinium tricorne Dwarf Larkspur Lovely blue flower spikes in spring. Typically found in moist, woodlands. Host to 10 species of Lepidoptera. Good choice for a damp spot that needs a splash of color. It takes a few years for the roots to spread and look full. May go dormant in summer. Moist to wet soil. OH Native. 8-14" Sun to light shade. Zone 4

Dicentra cucullaria Dutchman's Breeches Creamy white flowers above finely dissected blue-green foliage in early spring. Morning sun will result in more flowers. Best in rich, moist soil. Blooms a week earlier than Squirrel Corn. Goes summer dormant. OH native. 4-6" Partial to full shade. Zone 3

Dicentra spectabilis Old Fashioned Bleeding Heart Arching stems of large, pink hearts in spring. May rebloom if deadheaded. The foliage is often dormant in hot summers. Average to moist soil. Long time favor-ite of many gardeners. Good rain garden plant. Japan. Partial to full shade. 2' Zone 4

Dicentra spectabilis 'Alba' White Bleeding Heart Arching stems of large, white heart shaped flowers in spring. May rebloom if deadheaded. Striking white variant of a long time favorite of many gardeners. Often dormant in hot summers. Average to moist soil. Good rain garden plant. Partial to full shade. 2' Zone 4

Echinacea 'Cheyenne Spirit' Cheyenne Spirit Coneflower Seed grown cultivar blooms in a wide array of colors, including purple, pink, red, orange, yellow, cream or white with a brown cone. Fast growing, strong stemmed, robust plant. A good cut flowers. Average to dry soil. Cultivar of OH native. Full sun. 24-30" Zone 4

Echinacea p. 'PowWow White' White Coneflower Large white flowers all summer with a yellow to brownish center. Fast growing, strong stemmed, robust plant. Good cut flowers. Excellent for birds and butter-flies. Average to dry soil. Cultivar of OH native. Full sun. 2-3' Zone 4

Echinacea p 'Rubinstern' 'Ruby Star' Purple Coneflower Huge, fragrant, deep purple-pink, flat-topped flowers. Fast growing, strong stemmed, robust plant. An improved 'Magnus' from Jelitto. Good cut flowers. Average to dry soil. Medicinal uses. Seed grown cultivar of OH native. Full sun. 2-3' Zone 4

Echinacea purpurea Purple Coneflower An excellent native flower common in the prairies. Typically dark rose petals and orange centers, occasionally white. Blooms for weeks in mid-summer. Grows in average to dry soils. Great for butterflies and birds. Medicinal uses. OH native. 2-3' Full sun to part shade. Zone 3

Eryngium yuccifolium Rattlesnake Master Yucca-like foliage with unique spiky white flowers in mid-summer. Attracts a variety of pollinators. An excellent specimen plant or in groups of three. Does best in medium to dry soils. Medicinal uses. Potentially threatened species in OH. Full sun. 3-4' Zone 5

Erythronium americanum Yellow Trout Lily One of the first flowers in spring. Bright yellows flowers appear soon after the mottled leaves emerge. Found in moist woodlands. It goes dormant after flower-ing. Slowly spreads to form a colony. Medicinal uses. OH native. Part shade. 4-6" Zone 4

Eupatorium altissimum Tall Boneset White flower clusters in late summer into fall. Great pollen source for butterflies. Host for 40 species of Lepidoptera. Good for naturalized areas as it spreads readily. Average to dry soil. Rarely eaten by deer. Full sun to part shade. 2-6' Zone 4

Eupatorium coelestinum (Conoclinium) Hardy Ageratum, Mist Flower (FAC) Flat topped clusters of lavender to light blue flowers in summer. Spreads readily by rhizomes and seed making it a good choice for meadows and large natural-ized areas. Host for 40 species of Lepidoptera. Average to moist soil. Good rain garden plant. OH native. Full sun to light shade. 2-3' Zone 4

Eupatorium perfoliatum Boneset (FACW) Rounded heads of white flowers late-summer into early fall. Blooms for weeks! Attracts Butterflies. Host for 40 species of Lepidoptera. Average to wet soil. Great for rain gardens. Spreads freely when well sited. Moderate salt tolerance. Medicinal uses. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 4' Zone 4

PERENNIELS





Eupatorium maculatum 'Gateway' Gateway' Joe Pye Weed (FACW) Large bright pink flower clusters in mid-late summer. Deep wine-red stems. Plants form large dramatic clumps. Butterflies love them! Host for 40 species of Lepidoptera. Average to moist soil. Great for rain gardens. Medicinal uses. OH native cultivar. Full sun to part shade. 5-6' Zone 4

Eupatorium 'Phantom' Phantom Joe Pye Weed Large rosy purple flower clusters from late summer into fall. Seed heads may persist into winter. Nice dwarf form of Joe Pye Weed. Host for 40 species of Lepidoptera. Average to wet soil. Tolerates clay soil. Rarely bothered by deer. Full sun to part shade. 2-4' Zone 4

Eupatorium purpureum (Eutrochium) Sweet Joe Pye Weed (FAC) Large purple flower clusters in mid-late summer. Plants form large dramatic clumps. Butterflies love them! Host for 40 species of Lepidoptera. Crushed foliage has a vanilla fragrance. Average to moist soil. Great for rain gardens. Medicinal uses. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 4-6' Zone 3

Filipendula rubra Queen of the Prairie (OBL) Spectacular bright pink plumes in early summer make this a showstopper! At-tractive highly divided foliage. Best in rich, moist soil. Medium to wet soil. Good rain garden plant. Tolerates deer and clay soil. Medicinal uses. Full sun OH native. 4-5' Zone 4

Fragaria vesca Woodland Strawberry (UPL) White flowers all summer. Small edible strawberry fruit. (Everbearing) Slowly spreads by runners to form a nice ground cover. Host for 75 species of Lepidop-tera. Moist, rich well drained soil. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 4-8" Zone 5

Galium odoratum Sweet Woodruff Sweetly scented, star-shaped white flowers in spring. Decorative dark green scented foliage. The fragrance intensifies once dry. Vigorous groundcover for shaded areas. Moist to dry soil. Medicinal uses. Europe-Asia. Best in light or partial shade. 6" Zone 4

Gentiana andrewsii Bottle Gentian (FACW) Striking dark blue flowers, which remain closed, have the appearance of buds. One of the last flowers to bloom in fall. Best in moist, rich soil. Tolerates full sun with consistent moisture and average to moist soil in the shade. OH native. 12-18" Zone 3

Geranium maculatum Wild Cranesbill FACU) Our native woodland geranium has lavender flowers in mid-spring to early sum-mer. Geraniums are host to 23 species of butterflies and moths. It grows well in just about any soil except wet. Tolerates: Deer, Rabbits, Drought, Dry Soil. Medicinal uses. OH native. Partial to Full Shade. 12-18" Zone 4

Geranium maculatum 'Espresso' Espresso' Cranesbill (FACU) A bold new look for our native cranesbill selected in the woods of PA. Pale lavender flowers over very attractive maroon foliage. Geraniums are host to 23 species of Lepidoptera. A great groundcover or shade garden feature plant. Average soil. Afternoon shade or light dappled shade. 8" Zone 4

Geranium x 'Dilys' 'Dily's' Hardy Geranium Dark pink flowers from early summer to frost on finely cut foliage. A strong carefree grower. Good groundcover and for cascading over rock walls. Wine red foliage in fall. Average to dry soil. Full sun to part shade. 10-12" x 2-3' Zone 5

Geranium x 'Rozanne' 'Rozanne' Hardy Geranium Stunning large purple-blue flowers all summer and into fall. Dark green foliage marbled with chartreuse. Forms beautiful large clumps. Perennial Plant Associa-tion 2008 Perennial Plant of the Year. Average soil. Full sun to part shade. 2' x 2 ½' Zone 5

Geum triflorum Prairie Smoke (FACU) Nodding pink flowers in spring followed by feathery pink seed heads that dance in the breeze. Average to poor, dry soils. Spreading rootstocks form a ground-cover. Host for 2 species of Lepidoptera. Medicinal uses. US native. Full sun to afternoon shade. 12-15" Zone 3

Gillenia trifoliata (Porteranthus trif.) Bowman's Root, Indian Physic Bright white flowers with red petioles and mahogany stems. Compact, bushy plant. Trifoliate leaves turn red in the fall. Average to moist soil. Medicinal uses. Threatened species in OH. Full sun to part shade. 2-4' x 1-3' Zone 4

Helenium autumnale 'Fuego' Fuego Helen's Flower (FACW) Red flowers edged in yellow with a brownish center from mid-late summer. A compact form that’s great for container gardening. Host to 5 species of Lepidop-tera. Average to moist, well drained soil. 20" Full sun. Zone 3.

Helenium autumnale 'Siesta' Helen's Flower Siesta (FACW) Deep red ray petals surround a maroon and yellow cone to create a lovely two-toned effect. 18"-30" If you cut them back in June, they will remain between 18-20" every year. Host to 5 species of Lepidoptera. Average to moist, well drained soil. Full sun. Zone 3.

Helianthus mollis Downy Sunflower (UPL) Beautiful 3" yellow flowers in late summer above downy gray-green foliage. A goldfinch favorite. Spreads by seeds. Host for 73 species of Lepidoptera. Pro-vide good air circulation to reduce powdery mildew. Average, well drained soil. Full sun. Threatened species in OH. 4' Zone 4

Helianthus tuberosus Jerusalem Artichokes (FACU) Bright yellow flowers in summer with a chocolate scent. Grown for their edible tubers - eat raw or cooked. At harvest the starch in the tubers is inulin which is good for diabetics. Host for 73 species of Lepidoptera. Harvest in fall .Average to moist soil. Spreads aggressively. OH native. Full sun. 4-6' Zone 3

Heliopsis helianthoides False Sunflower (UPL) Deep yellow 2" wide flowers for weeks in mid-summer. A self sewing butterfly magnet. Birds eat the seeds in fall/winter. Host for 2 species of Lepidoptera. Average to dry soil. Thrives in poor dry soil. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 3-4' Zone 4

PERENNIELS





Helleborus foetidus Bear's Foot Hellebore Many chartreuse bell-like flowers, often rimmed in red, are held above the leaves in late winter. Dark green, finely cut foliage makes an attractive ground-cover for average to dry shade. Nearly evergreen. Deer resistant. 12-18" Partial to full shade. Zone 5

Helleborus x 'Brandywine' 'Brandywine' Lenten Rose Flowers a beautiful mix of dark reds, spotted pinks, picotees and apricots, along with doubles and anemones in early spring. Deer resistant. Well drained soil. Perennial Plant Association 2005 Perennial Plant of the Year. Partial to full shade. 12-18" Zone 4

Hepatica acutiloba Sharp-lobed Liverleaf Great native plant for moist, shady areas. Often found over limestone. Flowers vary from white to light blue and occasionally pink. Flowering occurs in very early spring and may last 2-3 weeks. Leaves have 3 sharp pointed lobes. OH native. Best with dappled shade in spring and light shade in summer. 8" Zone 3

Heuchera longiflora Long-flowered Alum-root Beautiful dark green foliage mottled with silver highlights. Pale yellow flowers sway above the foliage in late spring. Fruits ripen in late summer. Grows in rich, shaded woods over limestone substrates and outcroppings. Threatened species in Ohio. Partial shade. 8-14" Zone 4

Heuchera v. 'Autumn Bride' Autumn Bride Alumroot Large creamy white flower panicles rise to 30" in late summer-fall. Long bloom time. Medium green foliage on clump forming plant. Typically found in rich moist woodlands with good drainage. Moderate salt tolerance. Endangered species in OH. Part shade. Foliage 18" Zone 3

Hibiscus moscheutos Common Rose Mallow (OBL) Rose-pink to white 3-4" cone-shaped flowers with a dark burgundy eye in late summer. Host to 18 species of Lepidoptera. This is the most common rose mal-low, found over most of the eastern half of the US. Very late to emerge in spring. Average to wet soils. Great for rain gardens. OH native. 3-7' Zone 5

Hibiscus x 'Fireball' Hardy Hibiscus Fireball Huge red -to-burgundy flowers in mid-late summer. Fine, dissected foliage has a purple blush and red stems. Foliage color and flower count best in full sun with consistent moisture. Late to emerge in spring. Average to wet soils. Good rain garden plant. Full sun. 3-4' Zone 4

Hibiscus x 'Kopper King' 'Kopper King' Hardy Hibiscus Large creamy white flowers with bright red center. Copper-red leaves. Foliage color and flower count best in full sun with consistent moisture. Late to emerge in spring. Average to wet soils. Good rain garden plant. Full sun. 3-4' Zone 4

Hibiscus x 'Plum Crazy' 'Plum Crazy' Hardy Hibiscus Large plum pink flowers with a dark eye over deeply dissected purplish leaves. Long bloom time in mid to late summer. Compact rounded growth habit. Late to emerge in spring. Attracts butterflies and hummingbirds. Average to wet soil. Best in full sun. Ht. 3-4' Zone 4

Hibiscus x 'Robert Fleming' 'Robert Fleming' Hardy Hibiscus Dark purple buds open into large deep velvety red flowers on dense compact plants. Blooms mid to late summer. Late to emerge in spring. Average to wet soils. Excellent rain garden plant. Full sun to part shade. Deer resistant. Attracts hummingbirds. 36" Zone 5

Hydrastis canadensis Golden Seal An increasingly rare woodland wildflower. The yellow rhizomes are coveted for medicinal uses. Attractive foliage, ephemeral flowers, and bright red seeds. Best in rich moist soil. From cultivated stock plants. OH native. Shade. 10-15" Zone 4

Iris cristata Dwarf Crested Iris Beautiful light blue flowers with yellow crests in late spring. Good ground cover for naturalizing in the shade. Iris are host to 12 species of butterflies and moths. Spreads by rhizomes. Average to moist soils. OH native. Partial shade. 6-8" Zone 5

Iris versicolor Blue Flag Iris (OBL) Loads of blue-violet flowers in May-June. Attractive sword-like foliage all sum-mer. Hummingbirds love it! Iris are host to 12 species of butterflies and moths. Average to wet soils. Excellent for rain gardens. Cut back in fall. Moderate salt tolerance. Medicinal uses. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 2-3' Zone 2

Isotoma fluviatilis Blue Star Creeper Light blue star-shaped flowers for most of the summer. An easy to grow ground-cover that forms dense mats of foliage. Tolerates foot traffic. Great for creeping between stepping stones. Average to dry soil. Slow to leaf out in spring. Sun to part shade. 1-3" Zone 5

Jeffersonia diphylla Twinleaf White flowers in very early spring. Small identical twin leaves slowly enlarge after blooming to 5" across. Interesting seed capsules. A great woodland groundcover for the alkaline soils of Central OH. Average to moist soils. Medici-nal uses. OH native. 12" Partial shade. Zone 4

Lavendula 'Phenomenal' Lavender Phenomenal Dark purple, fragrant flowers in early summer. Tight mounding habit with silvery foliage. Most cold hardy and disease resistant Lavender. Host for 2 species of Lepidoptera. Evergreen. Average well drained soil. Both ornamental and edible. 2-3' Full sun. Zone 5

Liatris ligulistylis Meadow Blazing Star Purple buttons of flowers along the stems from mid-late summer. Fabulous plant for butterflies and other pollinators. Host to 4 species of butterflies and moths. Average to dry, poor soils. Must have good drainage in winter. Maximum height in rich loam soils but may need to be staked. US native. 1-3' tall Full sun. Zone 3

Liatris spicata Blazing Star (FAC) Upright purple flower spikes in mid-summer. Attracts many pollinators. Excellent cut flower. Average to poor, dry soils. Cut back after blooming. Host to 4 species of butterflies and moths. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 3-5' Zone 3

PERENNIELS





Lobelia cardinalis Cardinal Flower (OBL) Bright red flower spikes in late summer. Average to moist soils in bright to deep shade. Hummingbirds love it! Host to 4 species of butterflies and moths. Great for shady rain gardens. Full sun okay if kept moist. Medicinal uses. OH native. Partial to full shade. 3-4' Zone 4

Lobelia siphilitica Great Blue Lobelia (OBL) Blue spikes (occasionally white) in late summer. More sun and drought tolerant than L. cardinalis. Host to 4 species of butterflies and moths. Best in moist to average conditions. Good for rain gardens. Nice cut flower. Medicinal uses. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 2-3' Zone 4

Mertensia virginica Virginia Bluebells (FACW) Pink buds open to sky-blue bells in early spring. Best in moist, organic, wood-land soils. Host to 3 species of Lepidoptera. Can be used in rain gardens but need to mix with other plants because it is dormant in summer. OH native. Shade. 24" Zone 4

Monarda bradburiana Eastern Bee Balm White to purple flowers with purple markings and fragrant minty foliage. The nectar attracts butterflies and hummingbirds. Host to 7 species of butterflies and moths. Is resistant to powdery mildew. Average to dry soil. Mid-western US native. 12-24" Full sun to part shade. Zone 5

Monarda didyma Oswego Tea, Bee Balm (FAC) Scarlet flowers in summer which attract hummingbirds, sphinx moths and butter-flies. Host to 7 species of butterflies and moths. Fragrant green foliage. Will spread if well sited. Average to moist soil. Great for rain gardens. Good air circu-lation reduces powdery mildew. OH native. 2-3' Full sun to light shade. Zone 3

Monarda fistulosa Wild Bergamot (FACU) Lavender flowers in midsummer. Great for butterflies and hummingbirds. Host to 7 species of butterflies and moths. Fragrant green foliage. Clump forming. Dry to medium moist soil. Somewhat mildew resistant. Moderate salt tolerance. OH native. Full sun to light shade. 2-5' Zone 3

Monarda d. 'Gardenview Scarlet' 'Gardenview Scarlet' Bee Balm Vibrant red flowers in mid-summer. Attracts hummingbirds, sphinx moths and butterflies. Host to 7 species of butterflies and moths. Aromatic, medium green, highly mildew resistant foliage. Average to moist soil. Good for rain gardens. Full sun to part shade. 2-3' Zone 3

Monarda 'Petite Delight' Petite Delight' Bee Balm Rose-pink flowers in mid summer. Attracts hummingbirds, sphinx moths and butterflies. Aromatic, medium green, mildew resistant foliage. Average to moist soil. Good rain garden plant. Full sun to part shade. 12-18" Zone 4

Musa basjoo Hardy Banana Huge banana leaves provide a great tropical look. Fast growing in rich, moist soils. Dies back to the ground at frost. Mulch heavily for winter. Suckers freely, offsets can be dug up and shared. Fruit not edible. Full sun to part shade. 6-14' Hardy to -10 if well mulched.

Pachysandra procumbens Allegheny Spurge Underused native woodland species. Large dark green lightly mottled foliage creates an excellent ground cover for shade. White bottle brush flowers in spring before the leaves emerge. Slower growing than the common Asian spe-cies. Average to moist soil. US native. Partial to full shade. 6-8" Zone 5

Paeonia (Assorted) Peony An old time favorite. Easy to grow. Rarely eaten by deer or rabbits. Assorted colors (pink, white, red) and types (doubles and singles) available. Plant for good luck and prosperity. Average to dry soil. Full sun. Zone 3

Paeonia x 'Callies Memory' Callies Memory' Itoh Peony Showy peach colored buds opening to large yellow-cream, semi-double flowers, edged in a deeper russet, with maroon flares with petals crimped in picotee edge. Blooms mid-season. Lush dark green leaves. Herbaceous and Tree Peo-ny cross. Average to dry soil. Full sun. 2-3’ x 3’ Zone 3

Paeonia x 'Cora Louise' 'Cora Louise' Itoh Peony Large, white semi-double blooms with deep lavender to purple flares are remi-niscent of Paeonia rockii. Strong stems hold the blooms above the dark green foliage. Along with a pleasant fragrance, this is an appealing flower for the gar-den or the vase. Herbaceous and Tree Peony cross. Full sun. 30" x 42" Zone 3

Paeonia x 'Julia Rose' 'Julia Rose' Itoh Peony Single to semi-double blooms which open cherry red on to orange and later yellow as the flowers mature. The result is an attractive mix of variously colored blooms on one plant. Very vigorous and floriferous. Herbaceous and Tree Peony cross. Average to dry soil. Full Sun. 30" x 36" Zone 3

Parthenium integrifolium Wild Quinine A fabulous native for the garden! Pure white, flat-topped flowers in early to mid-summer. Attracts many unusual pollinators. Host to 15 species of Lepidoptera. Very long bloom time plus lush, dark green attractive foliage. Average to dry, well drained soil. Medicinal uses. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 2-4' Zone 4

Penstemon calycosus Long Sepaled Beardtongue (FACU) Lovely inflorescences of lavender flowers with white throats in early summer for 3-4 weeks. Nectar source for long-tongued bees, hummingbirds and sphinx moths. Host to 8 species of butterflies and moths. Top dies back after flowering. Basal foliage persists year round. Average to moist soil. 1-3' Full sun. Zone 5

Penstemon digitalis Foxglove Beardtongue (FAC) Tubular white flowers on 2-3' stems over attractive dark green foliage in early summer. Nectar source for long-tongued bees, hummingbirds and sphinx moths. Host to 8 species of butterflies and moths. Average to dry soils. Good for rain gardens. Moderate salt tolerance. Full sun. OH native. 2-3' Zone 4

Penstemon grandiflorus Large Flowered Beardtongue Showy tubular blue-lavender flowers in late spring. Nectar source for long-tongued bees, hummingbirds and sphinx moths. Host to 8 species of butterflies and moths. Needs good drainage. Average to dry soils. OH native. Full sun. 2-4' tall Zone 3

PERENNIELS





Penstemon hirsutus Hairy Beard-tongue Covered in lavender, tubular flowers in early summer. Blooms for several weeks. Deadhead after flowering. Great for hummingbirds. Host to 8 species of butter-flies and moths. Easy to grow in average to dry soils. Found in upland woods and dry meadows. OH native. 2-3' Full sun to part shade. Zone 3

Phlox amplifolia 'Goliath' Goliath Largeleaf Phlox Enormous bluish-purple, soft fragrant flower clusters. Good cut flower. Blooms for up to 3 months in summer. Average, well drained soil. Fine in clay. Mildew resistant. Best with good air circulation. US native. 26-32" Full sun to part shade. Zone 4

Phlox glaberrima 'Morris Berd' Morris Berd' Smooth Phlox (FACW) Pink flowers with a white center in spring. Cut back after flowering for rebloom. Host to 8 species of butterflies and moths. A great native Phlox for average to moist soils. Excellent choice for rain gardens. Good disease resistance. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 12” Zone 4

Phlox glaberrima 'Triple Play' Triple Play' Smooth Phlox (FACW) A stunning variegated form with creamy white edges with hints of pink in the spring and fall. Pink flowers in late spring to early summer. Host to 8 species of butterflies and moths. Average to moist soil. Good for rain gardens. Cultivar of OH native. Full sun to part shade. 12" Zone 5

Phlox paniculata 'Blue Paradise' Blue Paradise Tall Garden Phlox (FACU) Beautiful violet blue flowers with a magenta center. Often appear blue in the morning and dark pink in the afternoon. Blooms for weeks. Host to 8 species of butterflies and moths. Best in full sun with good air circulation. Mildew resistant. Moderate salt tolerance. Average to moist soil. OH native. Full sun. 2-3' Zone 4.

Phlox paniculata 'David' David Tall Garden Phlox (FACU) Bright white fragrant flowers in mid-summer. Blooms for weeks. Host to 8 spe-cies of Lepidoptera. Highly mildew resistant. Average to rich soils. Tolerates Black Walnuts and moderate salt. Best in full sun with good air circulation. 2002 Perennial Plant of the Year. Cultivar of an OH native. 3-4' Zone 4

Phlox paniculata 'Flame Blue' Tall Garden Phlox Flame Blue (FACU) Lovely fragrant, white flowers brushed with blue in summer. Very unusual! Com-pact growth habit. Host to 8 species of butterflies and moths. Best in full sun with good air circulation. Moderate salt tolerance. Average to moist soil. OH native. Full sun. 15-18" Zone 4.

Phlox paniculata 'Red Riding Hood' Red Riding Hood' Garden Phlox (FACU) A compact Phlox with dark green foliage adorned with bright shiny red flowers. Blooms for 6+ weeks. Host to 8 species of butterflies and moths. Best in moist to average soil. Good rain garden plant. Moderate salt tolerance. OH native culti-var. Sun to part shade. Attracts butterflies. Good cut flower. 18" Zone 3

Phlox stolonifera 'Sherwood Purple' 'Sherwood Purple' Creeping Phlox Clear purple flowers in spring. Creeping habit will form a nice dense groundcov-er in the shade garden. Perennial Plant Association 1990 Plant of the Year. Host to 8 species of butterflies and moths. Average to slightly moist soil. Moderate salt tolerance. OH native. Partial shade. 6-10" Zone 2

Physostegia v. 'Miss Manners' Obedient Plant (FACW) Deep green, glossy foliage and pure white snapdragon-like flowers all summer. A nice clumping form with excellent secondary branching and good re-bloom. Selected for its "well behaved" non-spreading habit. Average to moist soils. Moderate salt tolerance. Full sun to light shade. OH native. 18-24" Zone 3

Podophyllum peltatum May Apple (FACU) One large lobed leaf hides creamy nodding flowers. Yellow fruit. Host to 4 spe-cies of Lepidoptera. Average to moist soil. Goes dormant in early summer. Me-dicinal uses. OH native. This native thrives in partial to heavy shade. 18" Zone 4

Polemonium reptans Jacob's Ladder (FAC) An easy to grow woodland native with attractive foliage all season. Lovely blue flowers in the spring. Attractive white fruit in the fall. Slow spreading. Best in rich, moist, well drained soil. Good for rain gardens. 8-18" OH native. Partial shade. Zone 2

Polygonatum biflorum Solomon's Seal (FACU) Lovely arching stems with pendulous white flowers in spring. Best in moist, organic woodland soil. Average to moist soils. Good for rain gardens. Will form colonies if well sited. OH native. Partial to full shade. 18" Zone 3

Pycnanthemum muticum Short-toothed Mountain Mint (FAC) Very showy, velvety, silvery bracts. Flowers are pinkish. Attracts an amazing number of pollinators. Host to 3 species of Lepidoptera. Fragrant foliage. Slow spreading. Good for rain gardens. Native to meadows and wood's edge. Medic-inal uses. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 2-3' Zone 4

Ratibida pinnata Prairie Coneflower Reflexed yellow petals surround brown cones in mid-summer. Average soils. Tolerates poor, dry soil. Great for birds and butterflies. Combines well with meadow grasses and flowers. Good choice for rain gardens. OH native. 3-5' Zone 3

Rudbeckia fulgida var. fulgida Brown Eyed Susan (FAC) Abundant yellow flowers from mid-summer to late fall, much longer flowering than R. 'Goldsturm.' Rudbeckia are host to 17 species of butterflies and moths. Deep green foliage. Average to dry soil. Well drained soil in winter a must. Full sun to part shade. OH native. 24-30" Zone 5

Rudbeckia ful. var. sul. 'Little Goldstar' Little Goldstar Brown Eyed Susan Abundant yellow flowers from mid-summer to late fall. Nice compact plants. Rudbeckia are host to 17 species of butterflies and moths. Deep green foliage. Average to dry, well-drained soil. Drought tolerant. Full sun to part shade. OH native. 12-16" Zone 4

Rudbeckia laciniata Green-headed Coneflower (FACW) A dramatic, tall native with showy yellow flowers in mid to late summer. Rud-beckia are host to 17 species of butterflies and moths. Attractive deeply cut foliage. Average to moist soils. Great for rain gardens. Full sun to part shade. OH native. 5-8' Zone 5

PERENNIELS





Rudbeckia maxima Dumbo's Ears (FAC) Incredible wildflower! Tall branching stems loaded with yellow coneflowers in summer. Huge, powder blue basal foliage looks great from spring-fall. Great specimen plant. Rudbeckia are host to 17 species of butterflies and moths. Will thrive in average to dry soils. Goldfinch magnet! US native. Full sun. 6-7' Zone 5

Rudbeckia subtomentosa 'Henry Eilers' Henry Eilers' Sweet Coneflower (FAC) Flowers with finely quilled yellow petals with brown cones blanket these strong upright plants in late summer. Good cut flower with fragrant foliage. Pinch back for shorter plants. Rudbeckia are host to 17 species of Lepidoptera. Average to wet soil. Midwest native. Full sun to part shade. 3-5' Zone 5

Ruellia humilis Wild Petunia (FACU) Lavender petunia-like flowers all summer long. Great for rock gardens and border edges. A drought tolerant native of the Eastern half of the US. Spreads nicely by seed. Host for 2 species of Lepidoptera. Dry to average soil. Full sun and partial shade. OH native. 1-2' Zone 4

Salvia azurea Blue Sage Lovely bright blue flowers all summer. Deadhead to encourage reblooming. Great for butterflies. Host of 5 species of Lepidoptera. Can be pinched back in spring to keep plants more compact. Average to dry, well drained soils. Tolerate deer, drought, shallow, rocky soil. OH native. Best in full sun. 3-5' x 2-4' Zone 5

Sanguinaria canadensis Bloodroot (UPL) Beautiful white flowers with yellow centers in early spring. Flowers remain closed on cloudy days. Host for 2 species of Lepidoptera. Attractive lobed foli-age persists until mid to late summer. Average to moist soil. OH woodland native. 6-8" Partial shade. Zone 3

Sedum ternatum Wild Stonecrop (FACU) A shade tolerant native sedum found in woods, mossy rocks and ledges. Ever-green whorled foliage with star shaped white flowers in late spring. Host to 4 species of Lepidoptera. Great for rock gardens, containers and green roofs with some shade. Average to moist soil. OH native. Part sun to shade. 6" Zone 3

Senecio aureus (Packera aurea) Heart-leaved Groundsel (FACW) Golden daisy-like flowers above deep shiny green basal foliage in May. A strong ground cover for moist woodland areas, nearly evergreen. Average to moist soils. Will spread readily when well sited. A good plant for rain gardens. Completely under used. OH native. Sun to shade. 12" Zone 4

Senna hebecarpa (Cassia hebecarpa) Wild Senna (FAC) Showy yellow flower clusters in mid-summer above lush compound foliage. Legume with interesting seed pods. Host to 8 species of Lepidoptera. A robust native for full sun and medium to moist soil. Medicinal uses. Full sun. OH native. 4-6' Zone 4

Silene caroliniana Wild Pink Covered with rose-pink flowers in mid to late spring. Low mounding plant with dark, semi-evergreen leaves. Host to 4 species of Lepidoptera. Grows in aver-age to dry soil. Native to limestone areas but does well in acidic soil as well. Must have good drainage. OH native. 8-12" Full sun to part shade. Zone 5

Silene virginica Fire Pink Bright red flowers above dark green foliage. Host to 4 species of Lepidoptera. Short-lived but seeds freely. Easier to grow than Royal Catchfly. Great for hum-mingbirds and butterflies. Average to dry, well-drained soils. Full sun to part shade. OH native. 12-18" Zone 4

Silphium laciniatum Compass Plant Deeply dissected leaves tend to orient themselves in a north-south direction. At maturity may have up to 100 large yellow flowers on an 8' stalk. Host to 4 spe-cies of Lepidoptera. Does well in poor soils and clay. Very deep rooted. Great for rain gardens. Full sun. Endangered species in OH. 6-8' Zone 4

Silphium perfoliatum Cup Plant (FACW) Large prairie native attracting birds and butterflies. Huge leaves form a "cup" around the square stem. Dozens of large bright yellow flowers in late summer. Host to 4 species of Lepidoptera. Seeds in readily. Moist to average soils. Good rain garden plant. Medicinal uses. Full sun OH native. 8-10' Zone 4

Silphium terebinthinaceum Prairie Dock (FAC) Large yellow sunflower-like flowers (to 3" wide) in loose clusters on smooth, almost leafless stems branching at the top in mid to late summer. Host to 4 species of Lepidoptera. Huge dark green leaves form a basal clump beneath the flowers. Moist to dry, poor soils. OH native. Full sun. 6-10' x 3' Zone 4

Sisyrinchium a. 'Lucerne' Lucerne' Blue Eyed Grass (FAC) Grass-like foliage with bright blue ¾" star shaped flowers with gold centers bloom for 6-8 weeks. Flowers open late morning and close up at night. Great for edging. Average to moist soil. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 8-10" Zone 5

Smilacina racemosa ( False Solomon Seal (FACU) A graceful native for moist woods. Fragrant creamy white flower clusters at the tips of the foliage in spring. Bright red berries in fall. Host for 2 species of Lepi-doptera. Plants spread by rhizomes but not aggressively. Best in moist soil and partial shade. 1-3' OH native. Zone 3

Solidago caesia Bluestem Goldenrod (FACU) Clusters of bright yellow flowers along the stems in fall. Great for butterflies and bees. Host to 115 species of Lepidoptera. Arching greenish purple stems. Aver-age to dry soils. Good plant for rain gardens. Sun to light shade. OH native. 18-36" Zone 4

Solidago ohioensis (Oligoneuron) Ohio Goldenrod (OBL) Bright yellow flower clusters in late summer into fall. Largest flowers of the gold-enrods. Host to 115 species of Lepidoptera. Excellent late season pollen source. Very showy and good performer. Average to wet soil. Tolerates clay. OH Native. Full sun to part shade. 2-3' Zone 3

Solidago rugosa 'Fireworks' Fireworks' Rough-stemmed Goldenrod (FAC) Golden yellow radiating flowers explode like fireworks of color for fall. A com-pact clump forming plant. Host to 115 species of Lepidoptera. Average to moist soil. Good for rain gardens. Medicinal uses. Full sun to part shade. OH native. 3-4' Zone 4

PERENNIELS





Solidago x 'Little Lemon' 'Little Lemon' Dwarf Goldenrod Stunning compact little plant with great branching smothered in flowers in mid to late summer. Deadhead to encourage a second bloom. Great for butterflies and bees. Average to dry soil. Tolerates deer, dry and clay soils, and drought. 12-15" Full sun. Zone 4

Spigelia marilandica Indian Pink Fabulous yellow star burst flowers with deep red throats in May and June. Medi-um green leaves on a bushy compact plant. Initially slow growing but worth the wait! Average to moist soil. Typically found at woodland edges. Medicinal uses. Eastern US native. Full sun to part shade. 18" Zone 5

Spiranthes odorata Nodding Lady's Tresses (FACW) A native orchid with shiny green ground hugging rosettes. Fragrant white flower spikes spiral upward in early fall. Easy to grow, spreads to form small colonies. Average to moist soil in the shade. Use in bog gardens in full sun. Medicinal uses. US native. Zone 4

Stylophorum diphyllum Wood Poppy Showy 2" yellow flowers above fuzzy lobed foliage. Great native for moist shad-ed sites. Spreads readily when well sited. Excellent for rain gardens. Blooms in late spring. Used as a dye plant by Native Americans. Medicinal uses. Partial to full shade. OH native. 18" Zone 5

Symphytum officinale Comfrey Lovely blue bell-shaped flowers in spring. Large fuzzy leaves. A very tough, strong growing plant. Average soil. Medicinal uses. Once used as a poultice to heal broken bones. Host for 3 species of Lepidoptera. Full sun to part shade. 3-4' Zone 4

Teucrium canadense American Germander (FACW) Purplish-pink flower spikes all summer long. Excellent plant for Hummingbirds and long tongued insects. Woody based, clump forming perennial. Spreads by rhizomes. Average to moist soil. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 18-36” Zone 4.

Teucrium chamaedrys Germander (FACU) Semi-Evergreen dwarf mound form with dense, glossy, small, toothed dark green leaves. Can be sheared into low hedges. Lavender flowers on 5" racemes in summer. Hummingbirds love it. Cut back in March. Well drained soil. Drought tolerant. Medicinal uses. Full sun to partial shade. 12-15" Zone 4

Thalictrum dasycarpum Meadow Rue (FACW) Purplish-white flowers in early summer. Compound foliage provides fine texture. Host to 13 species of Lepidoptera. Average to moist, well drained soil. Best in rich, moist soils with dappled shade. Full sun to part shade. OH native. 3-5' x 3-4' Zone 4

Thalictrum dioicum Early Meadow Rue (FACU) Greenish-white flowers, often with a purple tinge in late spring. Lovely compound foliage. Host to 13 species of Lepidoptera. Average, well drained soil. Best in rich soil with dappled sun. Rarely bothered by deer. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 1-2' x 1-2' Zone 4

Tiarella cordifolia Foam Flower A woodland native with white starry flowers in early spring. Green Heuchera-like leaves tinged with burgundy form a nice groundcover. Leaf shape and colors are quite variable. Best in moist, organic soils. Medicinal uses. Shade. OH native. 6-12" Zone 3

Tradescantia ohiensis Ohio Spiderwort (FAC) Flowers in pink, blue or purple all summer. Flowers close in late afternoon then open in morning. Grass-like blue-gray foliage. Host to 4 species of Lepidoptera. Average to dry soil. A great plant for dry sunny locations. Seeds in readily. Full sun to part shade. OH native. 2-3' Zone 5

Trillium erectum Purple Trillium (FACU) Showy burgundy-to-red-bracts with cream stamens above whorls of dogwood-like, deep-veined, oval leaves. Host to 3 species of Lepidoptera. Rich moist soil. Usually summer dormant. Trilliums are slow to establish. Medicinal uses. OH native. Part shade to full shade. 12-18" Zone 3

Trillium grandiflorum Great White Trillium Waxy, white bracts look like white dogwood in early spring. Flowers age to pink. Host to 3 species of Lepidoptera. Whorls of dogwood-like, oval leaves. Rich moist soil. Slow to establish. Usually summer dormant. State wildflower of OH. Part shade to full shade. 12-18" Zone 3

Trillium luteum Yellow Trillium Lemon scented, waxy yellow bracts over mottled foliage. Blooms in early spring. Host to 3 species of Lepidoptera. Rich moist soil. Usually summer dormant. Trilliums are slow to establish. Southeastern US Native. Partial to full shade. 12-18" Zone 3

Trillium recurvatum Prairie Wake-robin, Bloody Butcher (FACU) One of the smallest sessile Trilliums with narrow maroon petals in early spring. Host to 3 species of Lepidoptera. Thin mottled leaves. It spreads by rhizomes forming loose colonies. Found in floodplains and rich, moist woods. Usually summer dormant. Potentially threatened OH species. Light shade. 4-12" Zone 4

Trillium sessile Wake-robin, Toad-shade (UPL) Reddish green to maroon flowers in early spring. Host to 3 species of Lepidop-tera. Wonderfully mottled leaves. It is a reliable and easy plant of the Midwest. Found in rich, moist woods. Trilliums are slow to mature and spread. Usually summer dormant. OH native. Part sun to light shade. 6-12" Zone 4

Triosteum aurantiancum Horse Gentian An interesting native with reddish tubular flowers in spring followed by bright red-orange fruit in the fall at the leaf axils. Host to 3 species of butterflies and moths. Average to moist soils. Tolerates spring flooding and Walnut trees. OH native. 2-3' Part shade. Zone 4

Vernonia noveboracensis New York Ironweed (FACW) Beautiful deep purple flowers clusters in late summer. A lovely adaptable native. Attracts butterflies and other pollinators. Host for 19 species of Lepidoptera. Average to moist soil. Good for rain gardens. Believed to be extirpated from its natural sites in OH. Full sun. 4-7' Zone 5

PERENNIELS





Veronicastrum virginicum Culvers Root (FAC) Dramatic white flower spikes in late summer. Very tough and long lasting when established. Average to moist soil. Good rain garden plant. Medicinal uses. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 4-5' Zone 5

Viola canadensis White Violets (FACU) White flowers with yellow centers in spring. Seeds are ant dispersed so it will appear in surprizing places. Average to moist soils. Host plant for 27 species of moths and butterflies. Tolerates deer, heavy shade, Black Walnuts. Oh native. Full sun to part shade. 12-18" x 12-18" Zone 3

Viola pubescens v. pubescens Downy Yellow Violet (FACU) Yellow flowers in spring above heart shaped leaves. Flowers are edible. Violets are host to 27 species of butterflies and moths. Average to moist soil. Forms nice clumps. Easy to grow OH native. 6-12" Part shade. Zone 3

Viola soria Common Blue Violet (FAC) Blue flowers in spring. Seeds are ant dispersed so it will appear in surprizing places. Average soils. Host plant for 27 species of moths and butterflies. Toler-ates: deer, clay soils, Black Walnuts. Oh native. Full sun to part shade. 6-9" x 6-9" Zone 3

Viola walteri 'Silver Gem' Silver Gem Walter's Violet (FACU) Violet-blue flowers appear in spring and continue to fall. Forms a dense, tidy mat of attractive silvery heart shaped leaves with dark veins. Violets are host to 27 species of butterflies and moths. Moist to dry soil. Tough, easy to grow native. Species is threatened in OH. Partial to full shade. 3-5” x 10-15” Zone 5

Waldsteinia fragariodies Barren Strawberry Yellow flowers on glossy strawberry-like leaves in spring. A lovely, tough, ever-green groundcover. Spreads without being aggressive. Average soil. OH native. Full sun to partial shade. 8" Zone 5

Zizia aurea Golden Alexanders (FAC) Deep green, divided foliage. Bright yellow clusters in May-June. May rebloom if deadheaded. Host to 4 species of Lepidoptera. Average to moist soils. Good rain garden plant. Medicinal uses. OH native. Sun to part shade. 24-30" Zone 4

Acorus americanus Sweet Flag (OBL) Fragrant Iris-like foliage with inconspicuous flowers. A tough, adaptable plant for moist locations. Spreads by rhizomes. Good for rain gardens. Some salt toler-ance. Potentially threatened OH native. Full sun to partial shade. 2-3' Zone 3

Acorus gramineus 'Minimus Aureus' Dwarf Golden Variegated Sweet Flag A terrific dwarf Acorus that slowly spreads by rhizomes. The bright gold and green variegated foliage makes a beautiful ground cover. Grows in moist soil but not in standing water. Asia. 4" Full sun to part shade. Zone 5

Andropogon gerardii Big Blue Stem (FAC) Superb native grass. Basal foliage 2-3'. Flowering height 4-8' with distinctive 3 fingered seed heads in August. Red stems in fall. Host to 11 species of Lepidop-tera. Average to dry, infertile soil. Good rain garden plant. Moderate salt toler-ance. Medicinal uses. OH native. Full sun to part shade. Zone 4

Bouteloua curtipendula Side Oats Gramma (UPL) Beautiful, underused native grass with delicate pendant seed heads. Excellent for planting with butterfly weed and other low wildflowers. Average to dry soil. Drought tolerant. OH native. Full sun. 3-4' Zone 4

Carex appalachica Appalachian Sedge Very narrow, medium green leaves that grow 12-24" in length that are arranged in low clumps 4-8" in diameter. Beautiful eastern US native provides a fine tex-ture. Host for 36 species of Lepidoptera. Average to dry, poor soils with good drainage. Threatened species in OH. Shade. Zone 5

Carex grayi Burr Sedge (FACW) Interesting seed heads that resemble a mace make this a great addition to the perennial border. Medium green foliage spreads by seed and rhizomes. Host for 36 species of Lepidoptera. Native to floodplain woods. Average to wet soil. Great for rain gardens. OH native. Partial to full shade. 2' Zone 4

Carex laxiculmis Spreading Sedge Beautiful blue foliage on this strong clump forming sedge makes this a standout in the shade garden. Host for 36 species of Lepidoptera. A cool season grass. Average to moist soil. Good for rain gardens. OH native. Partial to full shade. 12" Zone 5

Carex morowii 'Ice Dance' Ice Dance Sedge Shiny, strong, variegated foliage. Semi-evergreen. Cut back in spring. Average to moist soil. Drought tolerant when established. Excellent, tough, clump forming groundcover. Partial to full shade. 12-15" x 12-24" Zone 5

Carex morowii 'Silver Scepter' Silver Scepter Sedge A beautiful selection with white margins on very narrow leaves provides a fine texture. Bright silvery clumps for the shade garden. Tolerant of dry to moist woodland settings. Semi-evergreen. 12" Partial to full shade. Zone 5

Carex muskingumensis Muskingum Sedge, Palm Sedge (OBL) A clump-forming sedge grown for its foliage effect. Light green leaves radiating from the stem tops look a bit like palm fronds. Spreads readily. Moist to wet soil. Foliage yellow after frost. Host for 36 species of Lepidoptera. Species is named for the Muskingum River in Ohio. OH native. Sun to part shade. 2-3' Zone 4

Carex oshimensis 'Evergold' Evergold Sedge Bright yellow variegation on slender blades. Clump forming with a lovely weep-ing habit. Adds some color to a shaded area. Moist to dry soil. Semi-evergreen, cut back in spring. Full sun to partial shade. 12" Zone 5

PERENNIELS

Grasses

Grasses





Carex pensylvanica Oak Sedge A low mounding sedge with narrow foliage creates a fine texture. Typically forms loose colonies, spreading by rhizomes and seed .Host for 36 species of Lepidoptera. Average to dry soils. Often found under Oaks. Partial to full shade. OH native. 6-12" tall & wide. Zone 3

Carex plantaginea Seersucker Sedge Shiny deep green leaves are unusually broad, to 1 1/8" and puckered like Christ-mas ribbon. An excellent, mostly evergreen (the basal foliage overwinters) groundcover. Provides unique texture. Host for 36 species of Lepidoptera. Average to moist soil. OH native. Partial to full shade. 8-10 “ Zone 4

Carex stricta Tussock Sedge (OBL) A beautiful Carex with bright green narrow blades. Over time it will form a hum-mock accentuating it's clumped shape. Spreads by rhizomes. Host for 36 spe-cies of Lepidoptera. Great for rain gardens. Moist to wet soils. Salt tolerant. OH native. 3' Full sun to part shade. Zone 4

Chasmanthium latifolium Northern Sea Oats (FACW) Attractive oat-like seed heads in late summer through winter. Deep gold fall color. Host to 7 species of Lepidoptera. Good naturalizer. Very adaptable to sun or shade, wet or dry. Great for rain gardens. OH native. 2-3' Zone 5

Equisetum hyemale Horsetail (FACW) An ancient, primitive species with rough, hollow stems and a bamboo-like ap-pearance. Best in moist to wet soils. Spreads aggressively. Easy to grow in containers to control spreading. Medicinal uses. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 3-4' Zone 2

Hierochloe odorata Sweetgrass (FACW) Native grass used by many Native Americans in ceremonies, as perfume, or burned as incense. Sweet fragrance develops when dried. Lovely pendulous seed heads in spring. Fast spreading rhizomes. Average soil. OH native. Full sun. 15" x 36" Zone 4

Juncus effusis Soft Rush (OBL) Deep green, round stems. Clump forming semi-evergreen native plant for aver-age to wet soils. Host to 6 species of Lepidoptera. Excellent plant for rain gar-dens. Tolerates summer drought when established. Attractive seed heads. Full sun to part shade. OH native. 2-3' Zone 2

Juncus tenuis Path Rush (FAC) A great groundcover that forms dense clumps of bright green tubular blades. Host to 6 species of Lepidoptera. It spreads slowly by rhizomes and easily by seed. A wonderfully adaptable rush that thrives in wet or dry conditions, dis-turbed or compacted soil, and sun or partial shade. OH native. 8-10" Zone 2

Panicum virgatum Switchgrass (FAC) An ornamental native grass with airy seed heads in late summer and fall. Dense clump forming grass. Host to 24 species of Lepidoptera. A warm season grass that begins growing after the soil warms up. Grows in dry to moist soils. Great for rain gardens. Moderate salt tolerance. OH native. 4-6' Full sun. Zone 4

Panicum virgatum 'Heavy Metal' Heavy Metal' Switch Grass (FAC) Very upright metallic blue foliage. Blooms and sets seeds in late summer into fall. Host to 24 species of butterflies and moths. Attractive form and color. A nice medium height switch grass. Average to moist soil. Good plant for rain gardens. Moderate salt tolerance. Cultivar of OH native. Full sun. 3-4' Zone 2

Panicum virgatum 'North Wind' North Wind' Switch Grass (FAC) Fabulous upright steel blue Panicum. Super strong stems and wide, thick blades. Stands up to everything from hurricanes to drought! Host to 24 species of butterflies and moths. Average to moist soil. Good plant for rain gardens. Moderate salt tolerance. Full sun to part shade. OH native cultivar. 6' Zone 2

Panicum virgatum 'Shenandoah' Shenandoah' Switch Grass (FAC) Red tinted foliage becomes bright red in fall. Flowers are also red. Slower grow-ing than other Panicums. Host to 24 species of butterflies and moths. Average to moist soil. Good plant for rain gardens. Moderate salt tolerance. Cultivar of OH native. Full sun for best color. 3' Zone 2

Schizachyrium scoparium Little Bluestem (FACU) Native warm season grass. Green foliage forms narrow upright clumps with orange-red colors in the fall. Soft, silvery seed heads. Attracts birds. Host to 6 species of butterflies and moths. Thrives in poor, dry soil. Salt tolerant. OH native. Full sun. 3' Zone 3

Schizachyrium s. 'Prairie Blues' Prairie Blues' Little Bluestem (FACU) A seed selection of Little Bluestem with a consistent blue-gray color. Beautiful reddish-orange fall color. Fluffy silvery seeds in late summer. Attracts birds. Host to 6 species of butterflies and moths. Great for poor, dry soils. Must have good drainage. Salt tolerant. OH native. Full sun. 3' Zone 3

Sorghastrum nutans Indian Grass (FACU) One of the most beautiful species of the tall grass prairies. Green foliage grows to 2' in an arching shape and the 6' feathery plumes emerge in August. Good native substitute for Miscanthus. Host to 9 species of Lepidoptera. Dry to moist soil. Moderate salt tolerance. OH native. Full sun to part shade. Zone 4

Sporobolus heterolepis Prairie Dropseed (UPL) Lovely grass with arching fine foliage and attractive seeds. Creates a distinctive border when planted 18-24" apart. Great native substitute for fountain grass. Average to dry soils. Threatened species in OH. Full sun. 18-24" Zone 3

Adiantum pedatum Maidenhair Fern (FACU) Bright green fronds on black stems. Shallow rhizomes spread to form a dense ground cover in bright shade. Light, airy texture in woodland garden. Moist, well drained soil. Medicinal uses. OH native. Partial to full shade. 12-18" Zone 3

Athyrium filix-femina Lady Fern (FAC) This beauty is tough and easy to grow. Host to 3 species of Lepidoptera. Toler-ates sun if kept moist and flourishes in bright shade and moist, rich soils. Toler-ates drier conditions than most ferns. Clump forming. Good plant for rain gar-dens. OH native. 2-3' Part shade to full shade. Zone 4

Grasses

FERNS





Dryopteris filix-mas Male Fern A beautiful large native fern to use as a specimen or allow to form colonies. Host to 3 species of Lepidoptera. Best in moist woodland settings. Can be fairly sun tolerant. Medicinal uses. Endangered species in OH. 2-4' Part to full shade. Zone 4

Dryopteris goldiana Goldie's Fern (FAC) One of the largest native Wood Ferns. Host to 3 species of Lepidoptera. Short creeping rhizomes lead to stands of broad arching fronds. Moist to wet, humus-rich soils. Good for rain gardens. OH native. Partial to full shade. 3-4' Zone 3

Dryopteris intermedia Fancy Fern (FACU) Lovely finely dissected fronds create a lacy texture. Host to 3 species of Lepi-doptera. Common in moist, shaded woods and on rocky slopes in the eastern US on acidic to neutral soils. Easy to grow. Once used as cut foliage by florists. Evergreen. OH native. Partial to full shade. 18-36" Zone 3

Dryopteris marginalis Eastern Wood Fern (FACU) Dark blue-green leathery fronds form a large single crowned specimen. Host to 3 species of Lepidoptera. Slow to branch. Evergreen. Tough, easy to grow fern. Is fine in dry shade. OH native. Partial to full shade. 12-18" Zone 3

Matteuccia struthiopteris Ostrich Fern (FACW) Large, arching deep green fronds. Average to wet soils. Tolerates sun if moist. Tough and easy to grow. Great for rain gardens. Good mixed with spring ephemerals like VA Bluebells which will be dormant by the time it reaches full size. Host for 2 species of Lepidoptera. Wide spreading. OH native. 3-4' Zone 3

Onoclea sensibilis Sensitive Fern (FACW) A tough native fern for moist to wet sites. Spreads to form a colony. Host to 3 species of Lepidoptera. Fine in sun with enough moisture. Fertile fronds are woody, beaded stems that can be used in cut arrangements. Late to emerge in spring. Sensitive to frost. OH native. 1-3' Sun to part shade. Zone 2

Osmunda cinnamomea Cinnamon Fern (FACW) Coppery fertile frond spikes emerge in early summer. Easy to grow native. Forms multiple crowns with arching leaves. Host to 6 species of Lepidoptera. Average to wet soils. Good rain garden plant. Larger in acidic soils. Okay in neutral to slightly alkaline soils. OH native. Light to full shade. 3-5' Zone 3

Osmunda claytoniana Interrupted Fern (FAC) An erect fern that resembles Cinnamon fern. The fertile pinnae "interrupt" the vegetative pinnae in the middle of the frond. Host to 6 species of Lepidoptera. Best in moist, acidic soil. Adapts to lesser conditions. Erect rhizomes form occasional offshoots. Deciduous. OH native. Partial to full shade. 2-4' Zone 2

Osmunda regalis var. spectabilis Royal Fern (OBL) Regal native with broad, bright green leaves. Host to 6 species of Lepidoptera. Thrives in moist, rich, acidic soil. Adapts to lesser conditions. Short spreading rhizomes. Full sun okay if wet. Good fern for shady rain gardens. OH native. Sun to partial shade. 4-6' Zone 4

Polystichum acrostichoides Christmas Fern (FACU) Lustrous dark green fronds are nearly evergreen. Host to 3 species of Lepidop-tera. Nice accent for spring bulbs. Spreading. Dry to moist soils with good drain-age. Medicinal uses. Easy to grow OH native. Partial to full shade. 2-18" Zone 4

Fragaria Albion Strawberries Albion Ever-bearing strawberries produce smaller amounts consistently throughout the production season. Has resistance to Verticillium wilt and Phytophthora crown rot. The fruit has outstanding flavor and attractive internal and external fruit color. Host for 75 species of Lepidoptera. Full sun. 1' x 2-3' Zone 4

Rubus Arapaho (Thornless) Blackberry A thornless, erect growing blackberry with huge glossy, sweet berries. Excellent flavor. Earliest to ripen. Bears fruit on 2 yr old stems. Very disease resistant. Average soil. Host for 151 species of Lepidoptera. Full sun to part shade. 4-5' x 3-4' Zone 5

Rubus Boysenberry Thornless Boysenberry Large maroon berries resembling raspberries with the flavor of wild blackberries. Delicious eaten raw or cooked. Trailing growth habit. Can trellis if desired. Bears fruit on 2 yr old stems. Average soil. Host for 151 species of Lepidoptera. 2-3' Full sun to part shade. Zone 4

Rubus, Chester (thornless) Blackberry A late season blackberry with high fruit quality. Most winter hardy of the thorn-less varieties. Bears fruit on 2 yr old stems. Use a trellis for maximum yields. Average to moist soil. Host for 151 species of Lepidoptera. 3-5' x 3-5' Full sun to part shade. Zone 5

Rubus, Fallgold (yellow) Raspberry Large, sweet, golden berries. Everbearing-can produce two crops on each bien-nial cane. A fall crop on the top 1/3 of the canes and a second crop the following early summer on the bottom 2/3 of the canes. Average soil. May need staking. Host for 151 species of Lepidoptera. 3-4' Full sun to part shade. Zone 4

Rubus, Latham (red) Red Raspberry Large bright red berries in mid-summer. Very productive. Disease resistant. Self pollinating. Excellent winter hardiness. Average to moist soils. Best with high organic matter and slightly acidic. Can be trellised. Bears fruit on 2 yr old stems. Host for 151 species of Lepidoptera. 4-6' Full sun to part shade. Zone 4

Rubus, Heritage Red Raspberriy Medium size fruits with good color and flavor. Can produce two crops on each biennial cane. A fall crop on the top 1/3 of the canes and a second crop the following early summer on the bottom 2/3 of the canes. Best in rich, moist soil. Doesn't need staking. 4-5' x 2' Full sun to part shade. Zone 4

Campsis radicans Trumpet Vine (FAC) Orange trumpet shaped flowers all summer. Hummingbirds love it! Host to 7 species of Lepidoptera. Interesting seedpods. A native vine that thrives almost anywhere. Salt tolerant. Medicinal uses. OH native. Full sun to part shade. 20'+ Zone 4

FERNS FERNS

EDIBLES

VINES





Clematis virginiana Virgin's Bower (FAC) An attractive native vine with bright green foliage. Produces white fluffy flowers in late summer. Attractive seed heads last into winter. Host to 6 species of Lepi-doptera. Average to moist soil. Good rain garden plant. OH Native . Full sun to part shade. 8-12' Zone 4

Decumaria b. 'Barbara Ann' Wood Vamp (FACW) Sweetly fragrant, creamy white blooms and lustrous dark green foliage make this vine a standout. A slow growing vine. Great as a groundcover too. Average to moist soil. Found in floodplains making it a good choice for rain gardens. Native to Southeast US. Partial shade. 20' Zone 5

Hydrangea petiolaris Climbing Hydrangea Clusters of white fragrant lacecap flowers in late spring. Dark, shiny green leaves persist late in the fall. This vine climbs very easily but slowly. Needs a strong support structure if grown vertically. Exfoliating red bark for winter inter-est. Best in rich, moist, well-drained soil. Part to full shade. 30-50' x 5-6' Zone 4

Parthenocissus quinquefolia Virginia Creeper (FACU) A great tough native vine. Host to 32 species of Lepidoptera. Deep green in summer with excellent red fall color. Vigorous grower, 6-10' per year. Needs no support as it cements itself to surfaces. Salt tolerant. Grows in most soils except wet. OH native. Full sun to heavy shade. 30-50' Zone 4

Passiflora incarnata Passion Vine, Maypop Exotic, complex purple flowers followed by yellow fleshy, edible fruits. A vigorous native vine will form colonies. Host to 5 species of Lepidoptera. Very late to emerge in spring. Average soil. Threatened species in OH. Full sun to part shade. 8-12' Zone 5

VINES

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