ISSN - 2250 - 1991Volume : 1 Issue : 5 May 2012` 200

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INDEXSr. No. Title Author Subject Page No.

1 Convergence of India Gaap with International GAAP / IFRS

Prof. Kalola Rimaben A. Accountancy 1-3

2 Global Scenario of Business Ethics With Corporate Governance

Prof. Dr.Kishor V. Bhesaniya

Accountancy 4-6

3 VAT & ACCOUNTING Miss. Mira J. Bhanderi Accountancy 7-8

4 Carbon Trading: An Emerging Business Dr. Basanta Khamrui, Dilip Kumar Karak

Commerce 9-11

5 Developments in Indian Non Life Insurance Industry Ms.Kiran Sood, Ms.Supriya Tandon

Commerce 12-14

6 Parameters And Costs Influencing Transportation Decisions In Small Manufacturing Firms

Vipul Chalotra,Prof Neetu Andotra

Commerce 15-17

7 Foreign Trade Policy of India (2009-14) Dr. M. K. MARU Commerce 18-20

8 “A Comparative Analysis on Profitability of Selected Petroleum Industries”

Dr. Ramesh A. Dangar Commerce 21-23

9 An Empirical study on Consumer Awareness on Internet Banking in Gujarat

Dr. Vinod K. Ramani Commerce 24-26

10 Study of Factors Affecting HNIs’ Preferences for their Banks in South Mumbai Area

Shri. Arvind A. Dhond Commerce 27-31

11 Promotion mix straregy of jammu and kashmir co-operatives supply and marketing federation limited in jammu district of J&K state

Tarsem Lal Commerce 32-35

12 Intelligent Brain Tumor Tissue Segmentation from Magnetic Resonance Image using forward and backward anisotropic diffusion

S.Nithya Roopa,P. Vasanthi Kumari

Computer Science

36-38

13 Share of Women in Total Family Income – A Two Group Discriminant Analysis

Dr.A.Shyamala Economics 39-41

14 Socio-Economic Evaluation of Shg’s in Bidar District of Karnataka

Dr.Sangappa V. Mamanshetty

Economics 42-44

15 The Development of Chemical and Petrochemicals Industry in Gujarat

Dr.D.G.Ganvit Economics 45-46

16 How Can Primary Teachers Help To Assist The Development Of Positive Self-Esteem In Students Through Their Ordinary Teaching Practice?

Jigar L. Dave Education 47-48

17 Primary Mission Of Colleges Jigar L. Dave Education 49

18 Effectiveness of Readers Theatre on English Reading Comprehension

Ramesh B. Sakhiya Education 50-51

19 The Role of a Computerized Package on EFL Students' Writing Skills

Abdallah Ahmad, Baniabdelrahman, Abdulaziz A. Abanomey

Education 52-57

20 The Use of Team Teaching and its Effect on Saudi EFL Students' English Proficiency

Abdallah Ahmad, Baniabdelrahman, Abdulaziz A. Abanomey

Education 58-63

21 Study and Development of Road Traffic Noise Model Bhavna K. SutharV. R. Gor, A. K. Patel

Engineering 64-66

22 Weather Forecast Using Artificial Neural Network Laxmikant Raskar, Rohit Waghchaure, Md. Danish Raza,Mayuresh Lande

Engineering 67-68

23 Pavement Subgrade Stabilisation with Rice Husk Ash Patil N. L.,Dr. Sanjay Sharma,Dr. Hemant Sood

Engineering 69-71

24 Study of Precipitation and Stream Flow Data- A Case Study of Kim Basin

Prashant A. Ramani Engineering 72-76

25 “Estimation of Revised Capacity for Deo Reservoir of Gujarat, India”

Hiral Shah,N. N. Borad, R. K. Jain

Engineering 77-79

26 Nanotechnology in Cellular Lightweight Concrete Mr. Nakul Shah, Prof. Jayeshkumar Pitroda

Engineering 80-82

27 Plate Load (Model) Test for Bearing Capacity of Layered Deposite

Patel Ankit D., B.R. Dalwadi

Engineering 83-85

28 Effect of Service Bridge on natural frequency of structurally coupled multistory building

Upadhyay Nishith H., Prof. A.N. Desai

Engineering 86-88

29 “Controling the Soil & Land Pollution in Sabarkantha District by Using an App Lication of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System”

Gaurang J Patel,R.B Khasiya

Engineering 89-91

30 Control The Soil Erosion & Land Pollution By Flood Reduction in The Tapi River,Surat District, Gujarat, India.

Harshad M.Rajgor,K B Khasiya

Engineering 92-95

31 Methodology for managing irrigation canal system with optimum irrigation scheduling for Meshwo irrigation Scheme

Jitendrasinh D. Raol, Roshani A.Patel,Prof S.A.Trivedi

Engineering 96-98

32 Analyis of regional water supply scheme in rural areas (Case Study: Kutch)

Niketa Patel Engineering 99-103

33 Security For Near Field Communication in Cell Phone Biren M Patel, Vijay B Ghadhvi,Mr Ashish Kumar

Engineering 104-106

34 Heterogeneous Traffic Flow Simulation at Urban Roundabout using ‘VISSIM’

Dipti S. Thanki, Asst. Prof. Ashutosh K. Patel

Engineering 107-109

35 Planning of Facilities for Pedestrian Movement in Urban Area: A Case Study of Vadaj Circle, Ahmedabad

Hitesh A. Patel,Pinak. S. Ramanuj

Engineering 110-113

36 Planning for Non-Motorized Transportation Jignesh C.Prajapati, Prof. N.G.Raval

Engineering 114-116

37 Intersection Design for Pedestrians and Cyclist Jignesh C.Prajapati, Prof. N.G.Raval

Engineering 117-120

38 Theoretical Consideration for optimum irrigation scheduling for irrigation Scheme

Jitendrasinh D. Raol, Prof S.A.Trivedi

Engineering 121-124

39 Overall Equipment Effectiveness Measurement and Review of Total Productive Maintenance

Kadiya Pinjal, Navinchandra

Engineering 125-128

40 To Study the Effect Of Stiffness on the Expansion Joint of a Building Subjected to Earthquake Forces

M.D.SHAH, P. G. Patel Engineering 129-132

41 Side Friction and Side Friction Factor (FARIC) In Ahmedabad Road Link

Parmar Dushyant J, Asst. Prof. Ashutosh K. Patel

Engineering 133-134

42 Fiber Reinforced Selfcompacting Concrete Patel Nikunj R,Elizabeth George

Engineering 135-137

43 Modal Analysis of Helical Gear Purusharth J. Patel,D.A. Patel

Engineering 138-140

44 Impact Strength of Ternary Blended Steel fiber Reinforced concrete

Samir M. Gami., D.A.Sinha

Engineering 141-143

45 Identify issues of traffic movement at landside area & remedial measures

Samir P. Mulani,Prof- Naurdin Hajiani

Engineering 144-147

46 Identification of Truck Transportation Issues at a Junction: a case study of Sarkhej Area

Himanshu. B. Shrimali, Prof- Naurdin Hajiani

Engineering 148-152

47 Assessment of Vehicular Carbon Footprint and its Reduction Measures

Chintan Patel,Prof. H.K.Dave

Engineering 153-155

48 Study of Solar Air Heaters with Different Operating Configurations

Ajaypalsinh Gangasinh Barad

Engineering 156-158

49 Traffic Flow Characteristics on Roads of Small Urban Centre

Axay S. Shah,Dr. L.B.Zala

Engineering 159-162

50 Failure in tensile testing on single lap multi-fastener joint with bolted connection

Jagdish N.Prajapati, Dr.Rajula.k.Gujjar, Prof.M.M.Pomal

Engineering 163-167

51 Study Of Infiltration Capacity At Anjar, Kutch Ravi C Ahir, Sagar D Patel

Engineering 168-169

52 Comparison of Temperature-Base Methods For Calculating Reference Evapotranspiration With Standard Penman-Monteith Method

M.R.Popat, S.N.Chavda, B.H.Pandit

Engineering 170-172

53 Electronic customer relationship management: benefits and trend

Tanuja Nair Engineering 173-174

54 VIRTUAL CLASS ROOM USING MOBILE AD-HOC NETWORK

Gaurav Katariya, Yogesh Parkhe, Devendra Patil,Pawan Pawar

Engineering 175-176

55 PARKING EVALUATION: A CASE STUDY OF AMUL DAIRY ROAD ANAND

Jaydipsinh P. Chudasama, Dr. L.B.Zala

Engineering 177-180

56 ENERGY ANALYSIS OF SOLAR AIR HEATER BY USING DIFFERENT TYPES OF ABSORBER PLATES

Vivek B. Patel,Dr. L.B.Zala

Engineering 181-183

57 Effect of Aspect Ratio W/L ,Body Bias ,and supply Voltage (vDD) for NMOS & PMOS transistor.

Rubina Siddiqui, Angeeta Hirwe, Rahul Parulkar

Engineering 184-186

58 Spider diversity of Wan Wild life Sanctuary, Vidharbha , India.

Taktode N.M. Environment 187-188

59 The Initial Human Behavioural Response to Rapid On set Natural Disaster: Earthquake

S.S. Patil, K.L. Karkare, I.B. Ghorade

Environmental Science

189-190

60 Spatio-temporal Distribution of Surface Water for Irrigation in Satara District of Maharashtra: An Analytical Study

Pawar D. H., Jadhav K.R.

Geography 191-193

61 Nagarcha wadh v kushi bhumi upyog badal nanded-vaghan ek abhyas pahani

Prof. Mane Deshmukh R. S., Dr. S. B Rathod

Geography 194-196

62 Socio-Economic and Nutritional Status of Children with Mental Retardation

Dr. S. S. Vijayanchali Home Science 197-199

63 Motivating Employees under Adverse Conditions Dr Alpesh B Joshi Human Resource

200-202

64 “Strategic Human Resource Management” Dr. M. Venkatasubba Reddy, B. Swetha,S. Jaya Krishna

Human Resource Management

203-204

65 Identifying Crosscutting Concerns for Software Requirement Engineering

Velayutham Pavanasam, Chandrasekaran Subramaniam

Information Technology

205-207

66 Gate pass Automation with Image,Barcode reading and Biometrics

Sumant C. Murke,Tejas N. Athavale, Sangram A. Nalawade

Information Technology

208-210

67 Plight of Rape Victims With Special Reference to India Dr. Monica Narang, Richa Sabharwal

Law 211-212

68 Libraries: An Essential Tool for the Advancement of Knowledge Resources & Research in Recent Era

Dr. Umesh Patel Library Science 213-215

69 An Analytic Study of BA/BSc/BCA/BCom Part I General English Syllabus Prescribed by the University of Jammu

Dr. Wajahat Hussain Literature 216-217

70 A Study on Quality of Work Life Dr.N.Thenpandian Management 218-219

71 Best HR Practices Kavita Trivedi Management 220-221

72 A Study on Employee Retention Practices of Automobile Industry in INDIA

Dr.K.Balanaga Gurunathan, Ms. V.Vijayalakshmi

Management 222-224

73 A Study on Innovation for Organizational Excellence in Health Care Industry in a Private Multi-Speciality Organization

Dr. C. Swarnalatha,T.S. Prasanna

Management 225-227

74 “Performance measurement of Top 10 Mutual Funds with the help of Sharpe, Treynor & Jenson Model”

Monal Patel, Dr. Deepak H. Tekwani

Management 228-230

75 Strategic Expansion for Growth A Case Study on Codescape Consultants Pvt Ltd. (Infinite Possibilities)

Akshay Arora,Abhilansh Bhargava, Preeti Sharma

Management 231-232

76 Role Of Education In Innovation For Economic Development - A Case Study

Dr. Ananthapadhmanabha Achar

Management 233-238

77 ROLE OF HR PROFESSIONAL IN DEALING DISCIPLINARY PROCEEDINGS CONSTRUCTIVELY - AN OVERVIEW

C Santhanamani, Dr. N. Panchanatham

Management 239-241

78 Power of Advertising Supriya Tandon Management 242-244

79 Enhancing Employee Engagement: A Need of The Hour Urmila Vikas Patil Management 245-247

80 Role of E-Learning to Enhance Qualities of Physical Education Teachers and Coaches

Gohil Rajendrasinh K. Physical Education

248-250

81 “Eco – Environmental Study on Nutrient Removal Potential of Eichhornia Crassipes from Domestic Wastewater”

D. K. Patel, V. K. Kanungo

Science 251-253

82 Aphasia – a loss of linguistic faculty Dr Alpesh B Joshi Social Sciences 254-256

83 Workaholism – A Modern Day Nuisance Dr Alpesh B Joshi Social Sciences 257-258

84 Vartman me Dalit Varg ki Samasya Dr. H. L. Chavda Sociology 259-260

Volume : 1 | Issue : 5 | May 2012 ISSN - 2250-1991

PARIPEX - INDIAN JOURNAL OF RESEARCH X 251

Research Paper

*.** G. G. V. (A Central University), Bilaspur (C.G.), Govt. College of Science, Raipur (C. G.), India

Science

“Eco – Environmental Study on Nutrient Removal Potential of Eichhornia Crassipes

from Domestic Wastewater”

* D. K. Patel ** V. K. Kanungo

Keywords : Physico-chemical analysis, Domestic wastewater, Net primary productivity

Eichhornia crassipes was studied to ensure its capability of nutrient removal from domestic wastewater treatment. Untreated domestic wastewater with excess nutrients leads to eutrophication in fresh water bodies, causing unhygienic to use of water and foul smelling. Floating aquatic plants are well situated to treat biodegradable wastewater. The study was carried out to prevent early eutrophication by culturing Eichhornia crassipes in a tub of 0.173 m diameter, six inches deep and 20 Liter capacities; second one tub of the same was used as control. After filling of domestic wastewater, 100gm fresh biomass of Eichhornia crassipes was cultured and experimental observation was seen in one week interval, in each month of the study period of one year. Qualitative examination of domestic wastewater was determined before and after seven days culture of Eichhornia crassipes in domestic wastewater by various physico-chemical parameters following APHA- AWWA- WPCF, (1980), Trivedy, R. K. and Goel, P. K., (1984).Results of domestic wastewater quality showed that reduction in the values of most of the parameters after the experiment, Except of pH and Dissolved oxygen.In experiment, increased biomass of Eichhornia crassipes was noticed and used in Net primary productivity determination.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTIONDomestic wastewater disposal without any proper treatment creates an environmental problem in aquatic system. Con-tinuous releasing a huge amount of domestic wastewater leads to water quality degradation as forming eutrophica-tion. Domestic wastewater consistently higher concentration of nitrogen, phosphorous etc. The treatment and disposal of domestic wastewater had posed a problem in recent time for municipalities. The growing population has increased the per capita demand of water and due to non availability of proper disposal system domestic wastewater discharged in low lying area generally through earthen channel. Climate at the spe-cific area and habits of the people have a marked effect on the wastewater characteristics.

Concentrations are also effected by the amount of water used by per person. Thus, domestic wastewater characteristics vary not only from city to city but also from season to season even hour to hour. Domestic wastewater contain significant amount of nutrients like Nitrogen, phosphorous etc. therefore removal of these nutrients has become an important aim for wastewater treatment.

Despite knowing the severity of harmful effects, domestic wastewater with rich nutrient load is disposed because of the higher cost of the treatment. Water hyacinth has been utilized successfully in wastewater treatment system for reduction of various organic and inorganic nutrients Wastewater treatment using varied aquatic plants were carried out by researchers like Boyed, 1970, Wooten et al, 1979, Abbasi and Nipany, 1985, Brix, 1989, Debusk, 1989, Karpiscak et al, 1994, El – Gendy et al, 2005, Zimmles et al, 2006. (Brix, 1993, Delgado et al, 1995.

A number of researches have been done for potential exami-nation of aquatic plants to trace out heavy metals from pol-luted wastewater like Wolverton et al,1979, Briex and Sch-ierup, 1989, Delgado, 1993,Dirilan and Inel,1994, Rai et al, 1995 also for reduction of heavy metals in drainage water. The Eichhornia crassipes competitive success seems also to be related to the level of eutrophication and the area occupied

by the rest of the vegetation present in the habitat. Nutrient re-moval by aquatic plants in constructed wetlands and artificial ponds is of great significance which applied to control early eutrophication of wastewater sites. Constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment were suggested like Oron et al, 1987, Hammer, 1992, Brix, 1993, Zakova et al, 1994. An aquatic plant removes nutrients from wastewater by absorbing and incorporating in their body system. Removal rates depend on age and species of aquatic plant, their versatility, stabil-ity, quality of water, tolerance capacity to environment and plant physiological speciation. Utilization of aquatic plants for removal of various nutrients from wastewater was examined by Sutton and Orens, 1975, Carnell et al, 1977, Dings, 1978, Rai and Datta, 1978, Wolverton and Donald 1979, Abbasi and Nipeny, (1985). Goal et al ,1985, Reddy and Debusk, 1985, Brix and Schirup, 1989, Chandra et al, 1993, Mandi,1994, Aoi and hayashi, 1996, Saha and Jana,2002, Sooknah and Wikie, 2004, Shobha and Harilal,2005, Janijit et al, 2007. Main ob-jective of the present research is to examine nutrient removal potential of Eichhornia crassipes from domestic wastewater.

MATERIALS AND METHODS(1). Experimental design:Nutrient removal from domestic wastewater by Eichhornia crassipes was carried out. The experiment consists of two tubs of 0.173m diameter, six inches deep and 20L capac-ity. Primarily both tubs were filled with domestic wastewater selected from major drainage of Raipur (C.G. – India). One set of experimental tub was used as control and second one was utilized in culturing fresh biomass of 100 gm Eichhornia crassipes for the duration of seven days, which was collected from a pond at Raipur. 100 gm young individuals were taken for further experiment.

(2). Sample analysis:On starting of the experiment (Before culture of Eichhor-nia crassipes) and after seven days of experiment, Physico-chemical quality was assessed by various physico-chemical parameters (Instrumental analysis was applied for Physical examination of domestic wastewater whereas chemical pa-rameters were determined by titration and by using spec-

Volume : 1 | Issue : 5 | May 2012 ISSN - 2250-1991

252 X PARIPEX - INDIAN JOURNAL OF RESEARCH

trophotometer. Some parameters like Total carbon dioxide, Percentage oxygen saturation, Magnesium and Organic phosphate were calculated by formula), following APHA-AW-WA-WPCF, (1980).

(2). Biomass (NPP) determination:Increased biomass after seven days of experiment was also recorded in complete research tenure following Trivedy and Goel, (1984), Chemical and biological methods for water pol-lution studies.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONVariable Physico-chemical characters of domestic wastewa-ter before and after the culture of Eichhornia crassipes given in table-1, table - 2 showing variation in net primary produc-tivity throughout the study period. Table – 3 Indicating sum-marized form of domestic wastewater data before culture of experimental aquatic plant and % changes after seven days of experiment. The impact of Eichhornia crassipes on Phys-ico-chemical characteristics of water is general are decline in Tem, BOD and nutrient levels (Rainad D. N., Datta Mushi, 1979).

(1). Physical changes:Due to increasing biomass of Eichhornia crassipes Tempera-ture were always reduced after seven days of culture. Tem-perature and light impact on water hyacinth reported by Olga and Alenka, 1989. pH values at the end of experiment shifted towards few basic range. Eichhornia crassipes showed maxi-mum growth (Number of plants and dry weight) at pH 7.00, with 2 – 3 pH being toxic to plant 4.2 – 4.5 possibly inhibi-tory. (Brix, 1997). Turbidity and Salinity values were reduced. Salinity effect on growth of aquatic vegetation was studied by Haller et al, 1997. Electrical conductivity and Total dissolved solids related to each other were found to reducing trend at the end of experiment.

(2). Chemical changes:Alkalinity, Free corbondioxide, Total corbondioxide values (mg/L) were reduced after the experiment and values were ranged initially 235.5 - 377.5, 28.02 – 168.16 and 239.22 – 436.56 respectively.

In polluted domestic wastewater Dissolved oxygen value (mg/L) ranged 1.4 – 5.5 before culture of Eichhornia crassipes. Due to successful photosynthetic activity the aquatic plant adds significant amount of oxygen in to water through its roots system which makes suitable environment for aquatic life. Af-ter experimentation the Dissolved oxygen value increased significantly. Similarly % Oxygen saturation values were also found in increasing trend. Aquatic plants transport atmos-pheric oxygen from foliage in to root (Moorhead and Reddy, 1988, Debusk, 1989,) Oxygen not required for root respiration diffuses in to water system. Chemical oxygen demand (mg/L), an indicator of inorganic pollution in wastewater due to incre-ment of dissolved oxygen in water reduced after the culture, as it provides suitable environment for easily degradation of organic matter in wastewater.

Total hardness, Calcium hardness as mg CaCo3/L was found in range 215.34 – 353.08, 122.76 – 223.74 respectively. Cal-cium values always found more then Magnesium and ranged 49.20 – 89.67 and 12.45 – 37.43 Mg/L separately. Which were significantly absorbed by Eichhornia crassipes and re-duced throughout the tenure of research. Deficiency of nitro-gen and phosphorous has less adverse effect than calcium. A lack of calcium prevents plants vegetative reproduction, (Desougi, 1984).

Nitrogen as mg/L was determined as three forms Ammoni-cal – N, Nitrite – N and Nitrate – N. All forms were absorbed significantly by the experimental plant, but Nitrate – N was absorbed as higher than other two forms studied and it was ranged 39.90 – 61.32 mg/L, which are main nutrient responsible for the growth of this aquatic plant and optimal for growth.

Phosphate as mg/L was estimated in four forms viz –Total ortho, Acid hydrolysable, Total and Organic phosphate. Maxi-mum phosphate content found 1.742 mg/L (Total phosphate) before culture of Eichhornia crassipes. All forms were found as significant absorption by Eichhornia crassipes as shown in student t test. Present research plays significant role in wastewater treatment, that experimental plant absorb re-markable amount of organic and inorganic compounds.

Percentage change or reduction in the values of various physicochemical parameters were ranged 01-20 percentage for Temperature, pH, Salinity, E.C., T.D.S., Alkalinity, Chlo-ride, 20 - 40 percentage for Turbidity, Total carbon dioxide, Dissolved oxygen, Total hardness, Calcium hardness, Cal-cium and Magnesium,40 - 60 percentage for Free carbon dioxide,Chemical oxygen demand, Ammonical – N, Nitrite – N , Nitrate – N, Acid hydrolysable Phosphate, Total phosphate and Organic phosphate, 60 - 80 percentage for Nitrate – N, Total ortho phosphate and more than 80 percentage for Oxy-gen saturation.

(2). Analysis of Generated Data (“t” Test):Generated data after of present research were subjected in analysis of significance following student “t” test to ensure that changes are significant or not.

(3). Biomass (NPP) determination:Cultivation of diverse aquatic plants and their utility for bio-mass (Net Primary Productivity) generation has been ob-served by Chadwick and Obeid, 1966, Oki and Uki,1978a, Wolverton and Donald, 1979, Reddy and Tucker,1983, Tsu-tomu and Seiji, 1988, Ripley et al 2006.

After seven days of experiment fresh biomass of Eichhornia crassipes was increased and variable data were used in Net Primary Productivity determination. Harvested biomass of Eichhornia crassipes can potentially be used for composting soil amendments and anaerobic digestion with methane pro-duction and processing for manure to increase the amount of nutrients (Verma et al, 2006). Maximum and minimum value of NPP was reported 2.93 and 1.01 gm. per meter square per day. The average NPP value1.74 was gm per meter square per day.

Table - 1. Summary of initial data and % change due to culture of Eichhornia crassipes in domestic wastewater.

Sl. No. PARAMETERS UNIT

Domestic wastewater. RANGE(Before Cul-ture)

% Reduction /Change

Min. Max. Min. Max.1 Temperature 0C 24.8 36.60 3.01 15.65 2 PH - 6.63 7.56 2.95 10.403 Turbidity NTU 10.3 38.9 20.43 37.044 Salinity 0/00 0.374 0.903 1.35 6.33

5 Electrical Conductivitymicro-mhos/cm

588.60 961.60 2.29 7.70

6 Total Dissolved Solids ppm 319.90 620.30 3.24 10.657 Total Alkalinity mgCa

Co3/L 232.5 377.5 6.25 17.208 Free Co2 mg/L 28.02 168.16 14.60 52.649 Total Co2 mg/L 239.22 436.56 10.02 24.8810 Chloride mg/L 74.53 137.75 3.01 4.6211 Dissolved Oxygen mg/L 1.4 5.5 55.6 22.6112 Oxygen Saturation 0/0 21.6 72.5 30.6 200.3

13 Chemical Oxygen Demand mg/L 57.6 223.2 14.29 50.00

14 Total Hardness mgCa Co3/L 215.34 353.08 15.22 30.52

15 Calcium Hardness mgCa Co3/L 122.76 223.74 10.84 31.40

16 Calcium mg/L 49.20 89.67 10.84 31.3917 Magnesium mg/L 12.45 37.43 19.01 34.1818 Ammonical - N mg/L 6.53 26.19 13.55 56.0719 Nitrite - N mg/L 0.311 0.481 20.79 62.0620 Nitrate - N mg/L 39.90 61.32 27.56 46.29

Volume : 1 | Issue : 5 | May 2012 ISSN - 2250-1991

PARIPEX - INDIAN JOURNAL OF RESEARCH X 253

21 Total Ortho Phosphate mg/L 0.530 0.892 37.22 70.87

22 Acid Hydrolyzable Phosphate mg/L 0.221 0.520 15.00 59.53

23 Total Phosphate mg/L 1.200 1.742 26.23 56.10

24 Organic Phosphate mg/L 0.222 0.795 12.69 59.92

All the parameters value decreased after 7 days of culture of Eich-hornia crassipes except D. O. and pH.

TABLE - 2MONTHLY VARIATION IN NET PRIMARY PRODUCUTIV-ITY gm.m-2.day-1 OF Eichhornia crassipes ( OVEN DRY BIOMASS ) AFTER 07 DAYS OF CULTURE IN DOMESTIC WASTEWATER DURING.(INITIAL BIOMASS OF Eichhornia crassipes USED FOR CULTURE = 100 gm.)

MONTHS PERIOD PRODUCTION N.P.P.gm.m-2 gm.m-2.day-1

JAN 15th - 22nd 15.89 2.27FEB 19th - 26th 20.52 2.93MAR 17th - 24th 15.08 2.15APR 12th - 20th 11.73 1.67MAY 12th - 20th 11.27 1.61JUN 16th - 23rd 9.47 1.35JUL 06th - 13th 7.91 1.37AUG 16th - 23rd 7.10 1.01SEP 15th - 22nd 12.94 1.84OCT 19th - 26th 11.27 1.61NOV 16th - 23rd 10.46 1.49DEC 14th - 21st 10.86 1.55MEAN X - 12.04 1.74+ SD - 3.69 0.51

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