2015 vivo conference cambridge, ma 13 august 2015 the complexity of scholar affiliation in isni and...
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2015 VIVO ConferenceCambridge, MA 13 August 2015
The Complexity of Scholar Affiliation in ISNI and VIVO
Karen Smith-YoshimuraOCLC Research
Jing WangJohns Hopkins University
Janifer GatenbyOCLC-Leiden
Organizational IDs: Use cases
• Institutions want to track all their scholarly output
• Track research groups which may comprise staff from multiple institutions
• National assessments reporting• Track funding and validate affiliation • Disambiguate researchers’ names
by affiliation• Correctly identify researchers’
affiliations in publications
Many institutions unaware they already have an identifier assigned
Examples:• http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n79006591• isni.org/isni/0000000123412786• http://viaf.org/viaf/13426768• wikidata.org/wiki/Q49108
Identify:
A unique, persistent and public URI associated with a digital object and resolvable globally over networks via specific protocols that is unambiguous to use, find and identify the resource.
Identifier: a definition
OCLC Research Task Force on Organisations in ISNIKaren Smith-Yoshimura OCLC Research (leader)Grace Agnew Rutgers UniversityChristopher Brown JISC (UK) (CASRAI)Kate Byrne University of New South WalesMatt Carruthers University of Michigan Naun Chew Cornell UniversityPeter Fletcher UCLAJanifer Gatenby OCLC Leiden (ISNI Assignment Agency)Stephen Hearn University of MinnesotaXiaoli Li University of California, DavisMarina Muilwijk University of UtrechtBoaz Nadav-Manes OCLC Leiden (ISNI Assignment Agency) Roderick Sadler La Trobe UniversityJohn Riemer UCLAJing Wang Johns Hopkins UniversityGlen Wiley University of MiamiKayla Willey Brigham Young University
With input from Andrew MacEwan, British Library and Anila Angjeli, Bibliothèque nationale de France
Examined 13 use cases; producing sample records for each use case
23 recommendations for the system, for the ISNI-IA, for users
Search guidelines for organisations to be produced
Outreach document
• They merge, they split• They acquire/are acquired• They can have multiple departments, schools• Have hierarchies that may change over time• May have multiple hierarchies• Branches in multiple locations or countries• Often unclear when a name change represents
a new organization• Different stakeholders’ perspectives
Special challenges with organizations
G
La Trobe University Restructuring
5 faculties:
• Faculty of Business, Economics and Law
• Faculty of Education• Faculty of Health Sciences• Faculty of Humanities and Social
Sciences• Faculty of Science, Technology and
Engineering
2 colleges:
• College of Science, Health and Engineering
• College of Arts, Social Sciences and Commerce
Libraries
Text Rights
Music RightsTrade Sources
Encyclopaedias
Researchers & Professional Granting organisations Professional Societies Article databases Theses databases
cross-domain bridging-domains
Archives and Museums
• Universal in scope• Public domain focus• Multiple links
– Hub ID – striving to link to all significant existing IDs– Linking among identities, e.g. affiliations, organisation
hierarchies– Linking to created resources
• Third party input and curation– Organisations can manage their own data, e.g. La Trobe
• ISNIs are disseminating links and connections beyond science databases towards publishers and research information systems
ISNI for Organizational Identifiers
• ORCID uses ISNIs for organizations• Links to and from Virtual International
Authority File (VIAF)• Links in Wikidata
480,503 organizations have public ISNIs
Sustainable Quality Management
ISNI DatabaseHarvested, Batch loaded; Online contributions
AlgorithmsNotificationsData fixing
SamplingData Policy
EnrichmentCorrectionCuration
Crowd sourcing
Members and Registration Agencies
ISNI Input
Assignment Request
Match
No match
Possible match
Assigned ISNI
Provisional
Unique / Rich?
Public – Web, SRU API, End user input, Linked data
Member and Quality Team view
Batch loadOnline web formAtom Pub API
ISNI Maintenance Flow
ISNI Record(source on
each element)New sourcecontribution
End User enrichment or change request
All sources on record
NotificationsNew sourcesNew assignmentsMerges SplitsError notifications
Statistics
� �Co-author, pseudonym…..
�
�
GisMemberOf,isAffiliatedWith…..
GhasMember,hasEmployee…..
G GhasUnit,supersedesacquiredhostsisPartneredWith…..
Links among identities
ISNIs for Research projects
Research project
GG
G
G
�
m�
Links to member researchers
Links to supporting institutions
LINKSAmong Identities
Links to funders
�
ISNI Relationships for Research projects
• Augment relationship types and display• Indicate organization’s own preferred form of name• Publish ISNI ontology• Add Turtle, N-Triple, JSON-LD as linked data options• Create end user input form for organizations• Create ISNIs for Organizations outreach document • Engage organizations to maintain their public identity• Encourage organizations to collaborate with ISNI
Quality Team to diffuse corrections
Recommendations for ISNI
• What level of granularity is needed? • Who has responsibility to indicate “preferred
name” for an institution? • How to better reconcile name variants and
related identities from different perspectives?• How to encourage use of organizational ISNIs
by publishers?• How to encourage services to build on
organizational ISNIs, or crosswalk to them?
Issues
● Multiple source of records with various data qualityo Enterprise Directoryo Human Resourceo Digital Measureo Library - Local authority records
● No consistent update or registry processes● Used by ETD, IR, and ERP systems
Local organizational data maintenance issues
● W3C organization ontologyo org:organization subclass of foaf:agento Organization, Post, Site, ChangeEvento organization classification: skos:Concept
● vivo-isf ontologyo foaf:organization, vivo:position, vcard (with address)o vivo organization subclasses (organization types)
● ISNI data elementso class: organization, person, source, locationo ISNI organization typeso Name use attributes
Organization classes and properties
Organizational relationship mapping
W3C org ontology properties
ISNI org_org relationship
vivo-isf organization properties
hierarchical
hasUnit / unitOf
hasUnit /isUnitOf
has sub-Organization / organization within - faux property of "hasPart / partOf" (obo: BFO-0000051/50)
hasSubOrganization / subOrganizationOf
temporalorginalOrganization / resultingOrganization
supersedes / isSupersededBy
horizontal linkedTo
isAffiliatedWith (e.g. an institution, a band), isRelatedTo
vivo:affiliatedOrganization
see also from
roles memberOfacquire, host, govern, partner
bearer of (obo:RO_0000053/52)has role (obo:RO_0000087)
What few things must be the same so that everything else can be different?
Can the W3C org ontology serve as the baseline for all?
Have you looked at how your organization is represented in ISNI?
isni.org/search
SM
Together we make breakthroughs possible.
Thank you!
Karen Smith-Yoshimura
2015 VIVO Conference
Cambridge, MA 13 August 2015
Jing [email protected] [email protected]
@KarenS_Y
Janifer Gatenby [email protected]