2014 11...

© 2014 Xtera Communications, Inc. Proprietary & Confidential 1

Field Deployment of Advanced Photonic Technologies for Ultra-High Bit Rate and

Ultra-Long Reach Terrestrial WDM Transmission in Brazil

Bertrand Clesca, Philippe Perrier, Hervé Février, Do-Il Chang, Sergey Burtsev, Hector de Pedro, Wayne Pelouch

13 November 2014

Asia Communications and Photonics (ACP) Conference 2014 (Shanghai, China) – ATh4E.4


Content

• Key Technologies for Terrestrial Backbone Networks

• 100G Optical Backbone Network on OPGW in the Amazon

• 100G Transmission over an ITU-T G.653 (DSF) Link

• Summary


Key Technologies for Terrestrial Backbone Networks


1. Ultra low-loss line fiber

2. Advanced modulation format, spectral shaping, Soft-Decision Forward Error Correction (SD-FEC), coherent detection

3. Optical Raman amplification in the line fiber

4. Remote Optically Pumped Amplifier (ROPA)

5. Power Management a. Pre-emphasis at the transmit end

b. Control of the relative power of the pumps sources

c. Control of the per channel optical power at Terminals and ROADM

6. Passive settings: Gain flattening filters (if/when needed)

Key Technologies for High Capacity on Ultra-Long Reach


• PM-QPSK at 30 Gbaud (30 Gsymbols per second) opto-electronics and two multiplexing dimensions enables 100G net data rate per channel.

• Combined with powerful Digital Signal Processing (DSP) and Soft-Decision Forward Error Code (SD-FEC) at the receive end, 100G coherent technology offers excellent reach performances.

• Further incremental improvements: – Stronger SD-FEC code

– Spectral shaping

100G is the new 10G and is expected to have a long lifetime.

Technology Enabler # 1 100G Coherent Technology

(Gross data rate to account for overhead)

Polarization Multiplexing (PM)

Multi-level modulation format

30 Gbit/s 60 Gbit/s 120 Gbit/s

QPSK


• Client interface – Muxponder: multi-rate XFP

– Transponder: multi-rate CFP

– Software provisional services

• Line side – Modulation format: PM-QPSK

– Bit rate: up to 120 Gbit/s

– Receiver technique:

coherent detection with

electronic compensation

• SD FEC (TPC), 15% OH,

11.6 dB gross coding gain at BER = 10-15

• SD-FEC threshold = 1.9 x 10-2, corresponding to Q-value of 6.4 dBQ

• OSNR tolerance: 12.1dB at FEC threshold

• Chromatic dispersion tolerance: > ±65,000 ps/nm

• DGD tolerance: up to 125 ps

Technology Enabler # 1 100G Coherent Technology (Cont’d)


• Raman amplification is recognized by the industry as a key technology to efficiently support 100G and 100G+ in long-haul optical networking.

• Key benefits from Raman amplifiers for long-haul, high-capacity optical networking:

– Wider optical spectrum

High capacity with moderate spectral

efficiency (too high spectral efficiency

limits reach)

– Higher performance transmission

Better noise figure leads to

better Optical Signal-to-Noise Ratio performance

Mitigation of nonlinearities for higher [Capacity x Reach] metric

Technology Enabler # 2 Raman Amplification

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

1515 1535 1555 1575 1595 1605

Po

we

r (d

Bm

)

1625

Wavelength (nm)

100 nm of continuous

optical bandwidth

in the field since 2004


• Distributed Raman Amplification (DRA) widely used to bridge long spans

– Submarine unrepeatered systems

Technology Enabler # 2 Raman Amplification (Cont’d)

Line fiber

WDM

Pump Source(s)

Distributed Raman Amplification

EDFA

lp

ls

Gain from forward distributed Raman amplification

Gain from backward distributed Raman

amplification

Fiber attenuation

ls


• ROPA is a passive optical sub-system inserted in the optical cable in order to further extend the length of the span

Technology Enabler # 3 Remote Optically Pumped Amplifier (ROPA)

Gain from ROPA

ROPA

Forward Raman pumping

Backward Raman

pumping

Direction of transmission

Gain from forward distributed Raman amplification

Gain from backward distributed Raman

amplification Fiber attenuation


• Unrepeatered single-span transmission demonstrations – 150 x 100G on 390 km of SMF-28® ULL fiber

– 1 x 100G on 520 km of SMF-28® ULL fiber

– 4 x 100G on 523 km of Vascade® EX2000 fiber

– 1 x 100G on 557 km of Vascade® EX2000 fiber

– 150 x 100G on 410 km Vascade® EX2000 fiber

• Multi-span field trials with Verizon – Trials on 1,504 km of aged G.652 fiber with commercial equipment

– Transmission of:

1. 150 x 100G

2. 4 x 100G “Super Channel”

3. 400G (Dual-carrier PM-16QAM)

– Given the level of margin measured in

the field, the following are feasible

• 150/240 x 100G on 4,500+ km

• 50/80 x 400G “Super channels”

on 3,000+ km

• 100/160 x 400G (DC PM-16QAM)

on 1,500+ km 64T on 1,500+ km!

Recent Transmission Demonstrations by Xtera


Applying These Key Technologies In the Field

100G Optical Backbone Network on OPGW in the Amazon


TIM Brasil AMAZONAS Project

1,161 km link

2,266 km network (1,835 km OPGW cable

Infrastructure)

Manaus Gopa

Macapá

Belem

Jurupari Fortaleza

Salvador

• G.652 / G.653 • Aerial / mixed • Spans up to 278 km • 65% > 100 km • 25% > 200 km

Tucuruí


Towers across the

Amazon river (2.5 km) are 295 m high, almost as tall as the Eiffel Tower!

OPGW Cable and Crossing of the Amazon River

+

Picture from TIM Brasil


Ultra-Long Spans in 2,266 km Amazon Network (Highest Span Loss: 63 dB)

ROADM

43 km 13.9 dB

237 km 53.8 dB

278 km 63.1 dB

ILA ILA ROADM

142 km 34.6 dB

ILA

138 km 33.1 dB

235 km 53.5 dB

ILA Villa

Camburão

ROADM

183 km 46.1 dB

141 km 33.9 dB

157 km 37.2 dB

ILA ILA ILA

91 km 23.8 dB

ILA

229 km 52.8 dB

ROADM

239 km 54.2 dB

110 km 27.2 dB

ROADM

ILA ILA

43 km 13.9 dB

Manaus TIM

Terra Santa Manaus Rod Lexuga

Silves Oriximiná

Macapá TIM

Jurupari

Macapá Sub Laranjal do Jari

Gopa Xingu Tucuruí Pacaja Vitória do Xingu

EDFA Backward span extension module

Forward span extension module

Remote Optically Pumped Amplifier (ROPA)

• Capacity: 40 x 100G


• 1,073 km link made of 6 spans

• 956 km of OPGW cable.

• Span lengths ranging from 43 to 278 km

• Span attenuations (at end of life) ranging from 13.9 to 63.1 dB

Manaus – Jurupari Section

ROADM

Jurupari

235 km 53.5 dB

ILA

Villa Camburão

138 km 33.1 dB

ILA

Oriximiná

142 km 34.6 dB

ILA

Terra Santa

278 km 63.1 dB

ROADM

237 km 53.8 dB

ILA

Manaus Rod Lexuga

ROADM

Manaus TIM

43 km 13.9 dB

Silves

EDFA Backward span extension module


G.652 fiber span

ROPA


ROPA Assembly in Splice Box

ROPA tray


Example of ROPA Installation on Transmission Tower

Splice box


Manaus – Jurupari Section 40 x 100G EOL Simulation Results (1)

1565.50 nm 1533.47 nm

Optical frequency (THz)

191.5 192.0 192.5 193.0 193.5 194.0 196.0 194.5 195.0 195.5 0

5

10

15

20

25

Q facto

r befo

re S

D-F

EC

(dB

)

OS

NR

(dB

/ 0

.1nm

)

0

5

10

15

20

25


• Evolution of the OSNR along Jurupari – Manaus TIM route for the worst channel

Manaus – Jurupari Section 40 x 100G EOL Simulation Results (2)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

OS

NR

(dB

/ 0

.1nm

) 35

Villa Camburão

Manaus TIM

Terra Santa

Manaus Rod

Lexuga

Silves Oriximiná Jurupari


Fortaleza – Salvador Link (1,161km) 100G Transmission over DSF fiber

ROADM

10 km 6.8 dB

76 km 24.0 dB

128 km 37.3 dB

ILA ROADM ILA

128 km 36.3 dB

ILA

107 km 30.1 dB

BIU BRES ICO FLA-CEN FLA-BST

ROADM

87 km 26.4 dB

132 km 34.3 dB

62 km 18.5 dB

ILA ILA ROADM

138 km 37.0 dB

ILA

PAF Nova Petrolina

CDT

MGS BONM

84 km 25.2 dB

ILA

125 km 32.4 dB

70 km 22.0 dB

15 km 8.0 dB

ROADM ILA ROADM

SDR ESU SDR ABS ONN CAU

Core amplifier

Backward span extension module


G.653 fiber span

G.652 fiber span


Fortaleza – Nova Petrolina Section (668 km) 40 x 100G EOL Simulation Results (1)

1565.50 nm 1533.47 nm

Optical frequency (THz)

191.5 192.0 192.5 193.0 193.5 194.0 196.0 194.5 195.0 195.5 0

5

10

15

20

25

Q facto

r befo

re S

D-F

EC

(dB

)

OS

NR

(dB

/ 0

.1nm

)

0

5

10

15

20

25

196.5

Sp

ectr

um

use

d fo

r

10

G tra

nsm

issio

n


• Evolution of the OSNR along Fortaleza – NPTR route for the worst channel

Fortaleza – Nova Petrolina Section (668 km) 40 x 100G EOL Simulation Results (2)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

OS

NR

(dB

/ 0

.1nm

) 35

FLA- BTS

NPTR BIU MGS ICO BRES Fortaleza FLA-CEN

BONM


The combination of Raman amplification, 100G coherent, and ROPA technologies were instrumental in bridging long spans with high attenuation in multi-span links while providing high-capacity.

Manaus – GOPA

• 2,266 km (1,835 km on OPGW)

• Challenging link with very long spans between intermediate sites

– 11 out of 14 spans >100 km


– New sites not an option

Fortaleza – Salvador

• 1,161 km (1,136 km on DSF)

• Challenging link for high-capacity


– Raman amplification minimizes

impact of nonlinearities over DSF

Summary

Span length

(km

)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 0

50

100

150

200

250

300

0

40

80

120

160

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Span length

(km

)

Maximizing Network Capacity, Reach and Value Over land, under sea, worldwide
