2013 quark cost est guide template 2014 no … jeff higley | editorial director, ......

| Washington, D.C. | Boston | Minneapolis | San Diego | Miami | Austin | Charlotte || © 2014 JN+A & HVS Design | 7361 Calhoun Place, Suite 310, Rockville, Maryland 20855 | www.nehmer.com | www.hvsdesignservices.com |

HOTELCOSTESTIMATINGGUIDE2014

Introduction by Jeff Higley ........................................................................................................................4

Cost Estimating Summary Sheets ...................................................................................................................8

Cost Estimating Tables by Hotel Tier ............................................................................................................... 10

Economy .......................................................................................................................................................................... 10

Extended Stay ..................................................................................................................................................................16

Midscale ............................................................................................................................................................................25

Upscale .............................................................................................................................................................................36

Upper Upscale ..................................................................................................................................................................48

Luxury ..............................................................................................................................................................................61

Perspectives on Current Hospitality Design Trends............................................................................................73

Incorporating Technology in Your Hotel Renovation ..............................................................................................................74

FF&E Logistics: What is the Best Plan for Success ..............................................................................................................76

Using the Right Tool for the Job ..................................................................................................................................77

Top Areas to Review When Reviewing Existing Hotel ...........................................................................................................78

How Much Per Key? ...........................................................................................................................................................80

Differentiation Document .............................................................................................................................................81

Freight and Warehouse Pricing .......................................................................................................................................84

Glossary .......................................................................................................................................................86

HOTEL COST ESTIMATING GUIDE 2014

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It appears 2014 could be the year during which red flags arehoisted in the hotel industry as another cycle begins to playout.

The potential danger doesn’t appear to be imminent and isn’tabout the continued strong industry performance metrics.Rather, it’s the potential threat of supply growth down theroad that has pundits wondering when the peak of cycleshows up. Many industry leaders have scaled back expecta-tions of unabated growth for the industry to 2016 as they casta wary eye to the construction pipeline.

Yes, construction financing remains a somewhat difficult task,but savvy developers are getting it done. The January 2014STR Pipeline Report indicated there were 2,925 projectscomprising 357,769 rooms in the total United States pipeline,a 16.4% increase from January 2013. That total includes96,848 rooms in the In Construction stage, a whopping33.4% increase over the previous year. Two-thirds of therooms under construction fall into the upscale and upper-mid-scale segments as brands such as Cambria Suites (ChoiceHotels International), Courtyard by Marriott, Hampton Inn(Hilton Worldwide Holdings) and Holiday Inn Express (Inter-Continental Hotels Group), among others, continue to sowthe seeds of construction throughout the U.S. But it doesn’tstop there; the upper-upscale segment experienced a 58.8%year-over-year increase in the total active pipeline to 24,358rooms.

And let’s not forget about individual markets—11 of the top 26markets have scheduled supply growth of 2% or more. Thatincludes New York, which is adding 11,189 rooms (+10.3%).Other big additions are coming in Denver (+4.6%), Miami(+4.1%) and Seattle (+3%).

The three major firms that regularly release forecasts eachagreed in January that supply will grow. PKF said it will in-crease 1.2% in 2014 and 1.4% in 2015; PricewaterhouseC-oopers projects a 1% rise in 2014; and STR projects a 1.2%increase in 2014 and a 1.6% jump in 2015.

Consider what Michael Murphy, head of lodging and leisurecapital markets at First Fidelity Mortgage Corporation, saidduring January’s Americas Lodging Investment Summit: “Ipersonally am one who believes that we’re going to againoverbuild. We can’t resist.”

Why would we expect developers to resist developing prop-erties in an asset class that’s riding high in the saddle? Ac-cording to STR, five major metrics reached all-time highsduring 2013:

• room supply: 1.8 billion roomnights available (+0.7%);• room demand: 1.1 billion roomnights sold (+2.2%);• average daily rate: $110 (+3.9%);• revenue per available room: $70 (+5.4%); and• room revenue: $122 billion (+6.2%)

The biggest question about the industry’s performancecomes in the group business category, which has struggledto rebound from the Great Recession. Group business’ occu-pancy share dropped to 36% in 2013 from 43% in 2005, ac-cording to STR data. However, the sector was bouyed byFebruary earnings calls from Marriott International and HostHotels & Resorts. Executives from those companies reportedrobust growth in the pace of group bookings for the rest of2014—a sign that bodes well for the overall industry.

Meanwhile, conversions and property improvement planscontinue to be all the rage as brands are jockeying to havetheir product remain relevant through the next downturn. Lob-bies are becoming living rooms for guests to share spaceand conversation—if they desire—while guestrooms continueto evolve using white softgoods and crisp lines to emphazisetheir cleanliness to guests.

INTRODUCTIONby Jeff Higley | Editorial Director, Digital Media/Director of Communications - Hotel News Now

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Those same guests are seeking unique experiences that aredriving growth of the boutique and lifestyle hotel segment. Mostof the major branding companies have entered that sector, andthe expectation is for consumers to continue demanding moreamenities and perks that fit their lifestyles.

That puts added pressure on general managers, who are fac-ing demands from owners and guests. Respondents to the lat-est Voice of the GM Survey said meeting brand standards,increasing rate, finding new business, dealing with competitionand growing group business are among their biggest chal-lenges for 2014. That list epitomizes the increasingly nervousrehtoric coming from the industry as it prepares to stave off thestart of another downturn.

Gauging those market conditions is exactly what theJN+A/HVS Design Cost Estimating Guide is all about. Nowin its sixth year, the guide’s specialty is assisting in budgetingeffectively for capital expenditure projects. Looking at eacharea of the hotel is essential in mapping out a cost-effectivestrategy to tackle projects in an industry that in increasingdifficult to predict. Using the guide’s detailed renovation costsis one meaningful way to avoid red flags.

Mr. Higley has specialized in hotel industryjournalism for a dozen years. He oversees allaspects of the Hotel News Now digital plat-form, including the Hotel News Now websiteand daily newsletters. Jeff also leads STR’scorporate public relations efforts and is a

speaker at a number of industry events.

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IHG’s newest lifestyle brand, EVEN Hotels, lauched this year and fo-cuses on the wellness of the guest. EVEN offers amenities to gueststhat allow them to maintain a healthy lifestlye while traveling. JN+Aoversaw the first two EVEN hotels to be converted from an existinghotel.

Benjamin West 428 CTC BoulevardLouisville, CO 80027PH: [email protected]

Audit Logistics1172 Century Drive, Suite 245 Louisville Colorado 80027PH: [email protected]

Land-Ron Inc.6753 Kingspointe Pkwy Ste 109Orlando, FL 32819PH: 407-816-7035landroninc.com

Reliance Construction333 NE 2nd StreetDelray Beach, Florida 33483PH: [email protected]

Artistic General Contracting6790 New Tampa Highway, Suite 209 Lakeland, FL 33815PH: [email protected]

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2014 COST GUIDE SPONSORS

2014 COST GUIDE CONTRIBUTORS

Our Team wishes to thank the following General Contractors and Purchasing Agents for the large amount of time they volun-teered to provide us with unit cost data for each of the categories and sub-categories included in the Guide. JN+A has suc-cessfully worked with each of these firms on past projects. All of them are well-known, regionally- or nationally-basedcontractors that specialize in the hospitality industry. These organizations are acutely aware of the crucial need for efficientoperation in hotels with regard to noise and guest satisfaction, as well as the primary need to produce complete, guest-readyhotel rooms, broad areas of costs that will likely apply to most types of hotel renovations, and can provide preliminary insightwhen planning for such work.

The 2014 Hotel Cost Estimating Guide was made possible this year by the following sponsoring companies. JN+A and HVSDesign sincerely appreciate their contributions, commitment and support in making this year’s Guide another great success.

TRIAD Construction Services, Inc.205 N. Frederick Ave. Suite 200 Gaithersburg, MD 20877PH: 301-279-8811triadconstruction.net

The Allied Group1715 Highway 34Farmingdale, NJ 07727PH: 800-834-1023addastar.com

JN+A and HVS Design7361 Calhoun Place, Suite 310Rockville, MD 20855PH: [email protected] | hvsdesignservices.com

HOTEL MARKET TIERS: MODEL HOTEL CRITERIA

COST CATEGORIESRenovation costs in this guide have been separated into the following cost categories. Throughout the guide, the colors shown in the chart below are used to indicate each category.

Guestrooms, Guest Bathrooms, Guestroom Corridors

Public Spaces

Food & Beverage Outlets

Function Spaces

Recreational Facilities

Infrastructure

Common Additives

Economy 90 guestrooms, 3 stories (all with guestrooms), 30 rooms / floor

Extended Stay 150 guestrooms, 4 stories (all with guestrooms), 38 rooms / floor

Midscale 135 guestrooms, 5 stories (all with guestrooms), 27 rooms / floor

Upscale 304 guestrooms, 9 stories (8 with guestrooms), 34 rooms / floor

Upper Upscale 192 guestrooms, 25 suites, 7 stories (6 with guestrooms), 31 bays / floor

Luxury 200 guestrooms, 20 suites, 6 stories (5 with guestrooms), 37 bays / floor

Line item costs included in this guide have been estimated using the following models in each hotel tier:

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When using this guide, please note that since project-specific conditions will affect the final cost of every renovation project,this estimating guide will not include all costs for each hotel renovation. Costs such as Professional Fees, Contingency, Oper-ating Supplies & Equipment, Attic Stock, Freight, Sales Tax, etc. have not been included. However, this guide does identifybroad areas of costs that will likely apply to most types of hotel renovations and can provide preliminary insight when planningfor such work.

Guestrooms & Corridors

Guestroom Only Softgoods Reno. $1,919 to $2,922 Per Guestroom $5,147 to $7,402 Per Guestroom $4,209 to $6,312 Per GuestroomAdd for Full Reno. $1,662 to $2,076 Per Guestroom $7,744 to $10,597 Per Guestroom $4,274 to $5,509 Per Guestroom

Bathroom (1) Softgoods Reno. $563 to $981 Per Guestroom $1,154 to $1,939 Per Guestroom $1,178 to $2,103 Per Guestroom '(2) Add for Full Reno. $2,770 to $4,294 Per Guestroom $4,813 to $6,618 Per Guestroom $4,245 to $6,136 Per Guestroom

Guestroom Corridors (3,4) $403 to $617 Per Guestroom $1,033 to $1,482 Per Guestroom $940 to $1,289 Per Guestroom

Public Spaces

Reception Area (5) Softgoods Reno. $22 to $35 Per SF (180) $11 to $18 Per SF (1400) $8 to $13 Per SF (2500)Add for Full Reno. $89 to $131 Per SF (180) $65 to $110 Per SF (1400) $50 to $87 Per SF (2500)

Public Restrooms Softgoods Reno. $5 to $9 Per SF (80) $7 to $11 Per SF (480) $7 to $12 Per SF (480)Add f F ll R $50 t $78 P SF (80) $68 t $102 P SF (480) $70 t $108 P SF (480)

Economy Extended Stay Midscale

Add for Full Reno. $50 to $78 Per SF (80) $68 to $102 Per SF (480) $70 to $108 Per SF (480)

Food & Beverage Facilities

Restaurant Softgoods Reno. $17 to $26 Per SF (400) $34 to $47 Per SF (1400) $36 to $48 Per SF (1296) (Economy: Breakfast Bar Only) $570 to $881 Per Seat (12) $627 to $869 Per Seat (76) $683 to $909 Per Seat (68)

Add for Full Reno. $38 to $60 Per SF (400) $55 to $90 Per SF (1400) $81 to $138 Per SF (1296)$1,263 to $2,013 Per Seat (12) $1,008 to $1,650 Per Seat (76) $1,539 to $2,633 Per Seat (68)

Bar & Lounge Softgoods Reno. N/A N/A $45 to $60 Per SF (720)N/A N/A $605 to $799 Per Seat (54)

Add for Full Reno. N/A N/A $114 to $187 Per SF (720)N/A N/A $1,519 to $2,500 Per Seat (54)

Kitchen (6) Excl. Equipment N/A $48 to $87 Per SF (80) $15 to $23 Per SF (1600)(Economy: Storage Pantry Only) Select Kitchen Equipment N/A $21 to $30 Per SF (80) $13 to $19 Per SF (1600)

Function Spaces

Prefunction Softgoods Reno. N/A N/A $16 to $23 Per SF (750)Add for Full Reno. N/A N/A $43 to $79 Per SF (750)

Ballroom Softgoods Reno. N/A N/A N/AAdd for Full Reno. N/A N/A N/A

Meeting Rooms Softgoods Reno. N/A $11 to $16 Per SF (552) $11 to $16 Per SF (2964)Add for Full Reno. N/A $62 to $91 Per SF (552) $58 to $92 Per SF (2964)

Board Rooms Softgoods Reno. N/A N/A N/AAdd for Full Reno. N/A N/A N/A

Guest Amenities

Exercise Facility Softgoods Reno. N/A $14 to $27 Per SF (400) $18 to $36 Per SF (728)(7) Add for Full Reno. N/A $65 to $95 Per SF (400) $58 to $88 Per SF (728)

Spas Softgoods Reno. N/A N/A N/AAdd for Full Reno. N/A N/A N/A

Outdoor Swimming Pool (8) N/A $12 to $27 Per SF (2,106) $15 to $32 Per SF (2,106)Indoor Swimming Pool (8,9) N/A $47 to $74 Per SF (2,106) $49 to $77 Per SF (2,106)

Outdoor Amenities N/A $41,113 to $77,794 Allowance $47,709 to $87,717 Allowance

Infrastructure

Outdoor Parking (Seal Lot & Stripe Spaces) $90 to $141 Per Space (100) $90 to $141 Per Space (175) $90 to $141 Per Space (150)Indoor Parking Structure Renovation N/A N/A N/ALandscaping (10) $10,389 to $21,298 Allowance $20,779 to $31,687 Allowance $20,779 to $31,687 Allowance

Common Additives (11)

New RFID Key System $390 to $499 Per Key $379 to $488 Per Key $384 to $493 Per KeyNew RFID Key System (Nested WIFI) N/A N/A N/ATub-to-Stall Shower Conversion $1,800 to $4,312 Per Key $1,800 to $4,500 Per Key $1,800 to $4,500 Per KeyElevator Cab Finishes $6,234 to $9,870 Per Cab $8,831 to $15,740 Per Cab $8,831 to $15,740 Per CabElevator Modernization Hydraulic, per Cab $37,401 to $47,219 Per Cab (3 Stops) $49,869 to $62,959 Per Cab (4 Stops) $62,336 to $78,699 Per Cab (5 Stops) Traction, per Cab N/A N/A N/AEscalator Modernization N/A N/A N/AElectronic Signage Boards Basic System - one Lobby Screen 42" diag. N/A N/A $10,389 to $15,844 Per Screen Additional Lobby / Prefunction screens N/A N/A N/A Additional Meeting Room door screen (18" diag) N/A N/A N/APTAC Unit Direct Replacement, NIC finishes $779 to $966 Each $900 to $1,200 Each $900 to $1,200 EachTwo Pipe Horizontal Fan Coil Unit Direct Replacement , NIC Finishes N/A N/A N/AFour Pipe Vertical Fan Coil Unit Direct Replacement with drywall repair N/A N/A N/ALaundry Equipment (Direct equipment replacement with access) 75# Washer $20,779 to $31,687 Each $20,779 to $31,687 Each $20,779 to $31,687 Each 125# Dryer $31,168 to $42,077 Each $31,168 to $42,077 Each $31,168 to $42,077 Each Ironer / Folder $103,893 to $118,438 Each $103,893 to $118,438 Each $103,893 to $118,438 EachPorte Cochere - Re-image: Demolish and Replace N/A $10,389 to $64,933 Allowance $10,389 to $64,933 AllowanceGuestroom ADA Modifications Bathtub room $12,735 to $23,791 Per Key $15,900 to $25,869 Per Key $19,220 to $27,428 Per Key Roll-in Shower room $18,077 to $26,500 Per Key $20,155 to $27,012 Per Key $21,714 to $28,571 Per KeyExterior Signage - Monument $5,195 to $8,831 Each $10,389 to $17,662 Each $10,389 to $17,662 EachExterior Signage - Highway $20,779 to $31,687 Each $25,973 to $36,882 Each $25,973 to $36,882 EachExterior Signage - New Exterior Brand sign in existing location $20,779 to $26,233 Each $31,168 to $42,077 Each $31,168 to $42,077 EachDumpster enclosure - CMU walls, Wood Gate, Bollards, Concrete pad) $13,662 to $18,000 Each $13,662 to $18,000 Each $13,662 to $18,000 EachPower operated bi-parting Entrance doors (inner and outer at a vestibule) $28,000 to $35,700 Per Pair $28,000 to $35,700 Per Pair $28,000 to $35,700 Per PairFireplace, natural gas with stone hearth and surrounding wall, public area N/A $7,128 to $12,500 Allowance $7,128 to $12,500 Allowance

2014 HOTEL COST ESTIMATING GUIDE SUMMARY

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ECONOMY


Guestroom Softgoods Renovation

AVERAGEDemolition $110.00 to $311.68 $207.13FF&E Installation $195.00 to $310.00 $265.88Artwork, Mirrors & Accessories (installed package) $45.00 to $70.40 $56.86Carpet and Pad $408.38 to $555.22 $480.58Carpet Base $74.20 to $113.32 $89.58Desk Lamp $30.41 to $37.17 $33.79Nightstand or Bracket Lamp (2) $52.65 to $64.35 $58.50Welcome Light (in existing location) $101.98 to $145.42 $117.87Desk Chair (incl Fabric) $85.15 to $104.07 $94.61Paint Existing Knockdown-finish Walls $271.76 to $492.45 $372.76Paint Textured or Drywall Ceiling $110.46 to $163.94 $138.73Paint Entry Doors, Closet Doors, Frames and Grilles $66.30 to $103.89 $92.16Window Treatments (Sheer, Blackout, Hardware installed) $368.12 to $449.92 $409.02

Guestroom Softgoods Renovation Cost Per Key $1,919.41 to $2,921.85 $2,417.46

Guestroom - Add for a Full RenovationAVERAGE

Casegoods Installation $50.00 to $100.00 $76.88Bedsets (Box Spring, Mattress and Frame) $511.02 to $624.57 $567.80Headboard $219.02 to $267.68 $243.35Nightstands $113.88 to $139.20 $126.54Dresser $199.58 to $243.93 $221.75Desk $124.89 to $152.65 $138.77Closet Rack $47.77 to $71.95 $58.89TV & Mount (HD LCD, incl. programming, allowance) $395.90 to $476.50 $433.12

Guestroom Full Renovation Additional Cost Per Key $1,662.05 to $2,076.47 $1,867.09

Guest Bathroom Softgoods RenovationAVERAGE

Demolition $55.00 to $150.00 $100.34Artwork (installed) $33.63 to $49.18 $41.33Framed Mirror $73.00 to $89.22 $81.11Vanity Lighting $127.43 to $174.08 $142.30Paint Ceiling $14.28 to $28.00 $21.49Paint Walls $51.41 to $100.80 $77.35Shower Curtain and Hooks $37.96 to $46.40 $42.18Curved Shower Rod $41.56 to $67.53 $57.39Paint Door & Trim $65.00 to $103.89 $82.44Regrout Floor Tile $63.80 to $171.42 $119.04

Guest Bathroom Softgoods Renovation Cost Per Key $563.06 to $980.53 $764.97

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Assume typical guestroom area of approximately 12' wide x 19' long, plus 5' x 8' bathroom and 7' x 5' entry area with closet rack = 303 SF. Ceilings 8'-0" AFF, textured finish.

ECONOMY Prototype Hotel: 90 guestrooms, 3 stories, 30 rooms/floorOther assumptions and allowances are listed in each section below

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Guest Bathroom - Add for a Full RenovationAVERAGE

Additional Demolition $272.72 to $381.81 $320.44Architectural Lighting $103.89 to $155.84 $127.31Replace Bathroom Door & Hardware $363.62 to $486.22 $430.89Electrical Upgrades (add one GFI outlet) $51.95 to $77.92 $69.98Shower Valve & Head, Tub Diverter, Tub Drain $285.71 to $368.60 $334.52Tub Surround $540.24 to $1,200.00 $832.04Lavatory $115.00 to $129.87 $123.63Faucet (and connections) $155.84 to $244.15 $201.03Vanity Top $164.57 to $249.34 $205.50Toilet Accessories $119.48 to $207.79 $168.18Tile Flooring $285.71 to $428.56 $351.69Toilet $311.68 to $363.62 $339.60

Guest Bathroom Full Renovation Additional Cost Per Key $2,770.40 to $4,293.71 $3,504.80

CorridorsPer room with each unit 12' long by half of a 5'-wide corridor; 30 rooms per floor.

AVERAGEDemolition $42.86 to $60.00 $51.43Artwork (installed) $7.35 to $9.84 $8.64Carpet and Pad $130.08 to $163.75 $148.86Carpet Base $15.26 to $22.75 $18.54Ceiling Mounted Lighting $4.46 to $5.70 $5.08Elevator Lobby Furniture (allowance) $43.80 to $53.53 $48.67Paint Ceiling $17.33 to $28.88 $23.05Signage Package (Room Numbers, Way Finding, Complete) $50.00 to $83.33 $68.33Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $84.74 to $180.99 $142.31Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $6.68 to $8.16 $7.42

Corridors Renovation Cost Per Key $402.54 to $616.93 $522.31

Lobby Softgoods RenovationThe reception area costs and quantities are based on a 180 SF area. Ceiling 8' AFF.

AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Carpet $224.41 to $317.91 $265.25Artwork and Artifacts (installed) $584.01 to $713.79 $648.90Carpet and Pad $558.80 to $699.60 $641.20Millwork (refinish) $311.68 to $675.30 $493.49Paint Drywall Ceiling $90.72 to $158.96 $125.71Paint Doors & Trim $116.00 to $200.00 $160.59Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54", 40% openings) $324.19 to $662.11 $519.06Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $200.34 to $244.86 $222.60Seating Groups $1,100.00 to $1,500.00 $1,316.67Admin/BOH Office Finishes (Carpet, Paint only) $523.51 to $1,069.85 $796.68

Lobby Softgoods Renovation Subtotal $4,033.66 to $6,242.38 $5,190.15Lobby Softgoods Renovation Cost Per SF $22.41 to $34.68 $28.83

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ECONOMYPrototype Hotel: 90 guestrooms, 3 stories, 30 rooms/floorOther assumptions and allowances are listed in each section below

Lobby - Add for a Full RenovationAVERAGE

Additional Demolition $748.03 to $1,009.84 $878.93Decorative Lighting $675.69 to $892.23 $783.96Electrical $785.43 to $1,767.22 $1,129.05Hard Surface Flooring $374.01 to $561.02 $467.52HVAC $374.01 to $504.92 $439.47Life Safety $514.27 to $645.17 $579.72Architectural Lighting $1,402.55 to $2,384.34 $1,893.45Front Desk (new, in existing location) $4,675.18 to $5,766.05 $5,220.61Front Desk Equipment $3,116.78 to $3,844.03 $3,480.41New ACT & Grid $551.67 to $935.04 $719.48Casegoods $650.00 to $1,100.00 $866.67Drywall Partitions $1,652.40 to $3,366.13 $2,462.24Admin/BOH Office $555.00 to $750.00 $651.67

Lobby Full Renovation Additional Cost Subtotal $16,075.03 to $23,525.98 $19,573.17Lobby Full Renovation Additional Cost Per SF $89.31 to $130.70 $108.74

Public Restrooms Softgoods RenovationThe public restrooms costs and quantities are based on one 80 SF unisex restroom. Ceiling 8' AFF.

AVERAGEDemolition $43.63 to $87.27 $62.18Artwork and Artifacts (installed) $50.58 to $132.14 $82.99Framed Mirrors $89.62 to $145.32 $116.45Paint Drywall Ceiling $40.32 to $70.65 $55.87Paint Doors & Trim $58.00 to $105.00 $83.42Decorative Vanity Lighting $114.43 to $146.32 $134.14

Public Restrooms Softgoods Renovation Subtotal $396.59 to $686.70 $535.04Public Restrooms Softgoods Renovation Cost Per SF $4.96 to $8.58 $6.69

Public Restrooms - Add for a Full RenovationAVERAGE

Additional Demolition $664.91 to $955.81 $810.36Toilet Accessories $233.76 to $375.00 $312.72Replace Doors $558.94 to $935.04 $724.08Toilets / Urinals $831.14 to $1,085.68 $964.72Architectural Lighting $523.62 to $959.97 $774.52Tile Flooring $831.14 to $1,246.71 $1,043.89Vanity Top, Faucets, Sinks (per position) $389.60 to $545.44 $471.30

Public Restrooms Full Renovation Additional Cost Subtotal $4,033.12 to $6,259.49 $5,161.54Public Restrooms Full Renovation Additional Cost Per SF $50.41 to $78.24 $64.52

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Restaurant Softgoods RenovationAssume a 12-seat breakfast bar area of approximately 20' x 20' = 400 SF. Ceiling 8' AFF.

AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Carpet $415.57 to $706.47 $561.02Artwork (installed) $599.01 to $778.37 $681.89Carpet and Pad (80% of floor area) $1,122.49 to $1,404.09 $1,286.75Millwork Buffet, Host Station (refinish) $415.57 to $997.37 $706.47Acoustical Tile Ceiling (new) $1,454.50 to $2,077.86 $1,806.77Paint Doors & Trim $58.00 to $110.00 $83.42Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54", 40% openings) $357.94 to $721.52 $574.36Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $613.08 to $749.32 $681.20Dining Chairs - no Arms $1,800.00 to $3,030.12 $2,528.24

Restaurant Softgoods Renovation Subtotal $6,836.17 to $10,575.12 $8,910.13Restaurant Softgoods Renovation Cost Per SF $17.09 to $26.44 $22.28

Restaurant Softgoods Renovation Cost Per Seat $569.68 to $881.26 $742.51

Restaurant - Add for a Full RenovationAVERAGE

Additional Demolition $415.57 to $706.47 $561.02Buffet Equipment $1,038.93 to $1,766.18 $1,402.55Architectural Lighting $1,309.05 to $2,181.75 $1,799.94Electrical $2,181.75 to $3,490.80 $2,836.27Hard Surface Flooring (20% of floor area ) $831.14 to $1,246.71 $1,076.65HVAC $872.70 to $1,745.40 $1,309.05Life Safety $1,309.05 to $2,181.75 $1,799.94Millwork Buffet, Host Station (new, in existing location) $3,490.80 to $5,454.37 $4,527.13Tables $750.00 to $975.00 $875.00Drywall Partitions $2,408.65 to $3,700.40 $2,954.43TV & Mount (42", incl. programming, allowance) $553.89 to $702.46 $623.51

Restaurant Full Renovation Additional Cost Subtotal $15,161.53 to $24,151.28 $19,765.50Restaurant Full Renovation Additional Cost Per SF $37.90 to $60.38 $49.41

Restaurant Full Renovation Additional Cost Per Seat $1,263.46 to $2,012.61 $1,647.12

Bar / Lounge Typically, hotels in this market segment do not have bar/lounge areas.

Kitchen

Function Spaces Typically, hotels in this market segment do not have function spaces.

Spa / Exercise Facility Typically, hotels of this market segment do not have spa or exercise facilities.

Outdoor Amenities and Pools

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Typically, hotels in this market segment do not have kitchens; a small pantry area is included in the breakfast bar costs above.

ECONOMYPrototype Hotel: 90 guestrooms, 3 stories, 30 rooms/floorOther assumptions and allowances are listed in each section below

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Outdoor ParkingAssume 100 parking spaces, 9' x 19', and 25'-wide aisles.

AVERAGEClean & Seal Asphalt $7,229.25 to $10,125.00 $9,206.16Stripe Spaces $1,800.00 to $4,000.00 $2,587.50

Outdoor Parking Subtotal $9,029.25 to $14,125.00 $11,793.66Outdoor Parking Cost Per Space $90.29 to $141.25 $117.94

Indoor, Underground ParkingTypically, hotels in this market segment do not have indoor parking.

LandscapingAVERAGE

Landscaping Allowance $10,389.28 to $21,298.02 $15,843.65

Landscaping Subtotal $10,389.28 to $21,298.02 $15,843.65

Common AdditivesAVERAGE

New Electronic Key System $389.60 to $498.69 $444.14Tub-to-Stall Shower Conversion $1,800.00 to $4,311.55 $2,945.25Elevator Cab Finishes $6,233.57 to $9,869.81 $8,051.69Elevator Modernization Hydraulic, per Cab $37,401.40 to $47,219.27 $42,310.34PTAC Unit Direct Replacement, NIC finishes $779.20 to $966.20 $871.73Laundry Equipment (Direct equipment replacement with access) 75# Washer $20,778.56 to $31,687.30 $26,232.93 125# Dryer $31,167.84 to $42,076.58 $36,622.21 Ironer / Folder $103,892.78 to $118,437.77 $111,165.28Guestroom ADA Modifications Bathtub room $12,735.48 to $23,791.45 $18,995.36 Roll-in Shower room $18,077.34 to $26,500.00 $24,582.12Exterior Signage - Monument - new graphics on existing sign $5,194.64 to $8,830.89 $7,012.76Exterior Signage - Highway - New graphics on existing sign $20,778.56 to $31,687.30 $26,232.93Exterior Signage - New Exterior Brand sign in existing location $20,778.56 to $26,232.93 $23,505.74Dumpster enclosure - CMU walls, Wood Gate, Bollards, Concrete pad) $13,662.00 to $18,000.00 $15,346.22Power operated bi-parting Entrance doors (inner and outer at a vestibule) $28,000.00 to $35,700.00 $30,758.39

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AVERAGEDemolition $150.00 to $571.41 $322.21FF&E Installation $195.00 to $310.00 $265.88Artwork, Mirrors & Accessories (installed package) $340.03 to $427.72 $380.50Full-height Framed Dressing Mirror $56.08 to $80.67 $65.67Bed Scarf $56.64 to $69.24 $62.94Bed Skirt or Box Spring Cover $59.78 to $73.07 $66.42Decorative Pillow $47.25 to $57.75 $52.50Carpet and Pad $661.11 to $893.33 $775.36Carpet Base $103.88 to $158.65 $125.41Desk Lamp $40.15 to $49.07 $44.61Floor Lamp $40.15 to $100.00 $61.59End Table Lamp $45.26 to $75.00 $56.85Nightstand or Bracket Lamp (2) $60.75 to $74.25 $67.50Welcome Light (in existing location) $108.88 to $153.85 $125.54Desk Chair (incl Fabric) $102.18 to $124.88 $113.53Lounge Chair (incl Fabric) $139.74 to $170.79 $155.27Dining Chair (incl Fabric) $353.82 to $432.46 $393.14Ottoman (incl Fabric) $108.18 to $132.22 $120.20Sleeper Sofa (incl. fabric) $474.80 to $580.32 $527.56Paint Existing Knockdown-finish Walls $337.12 to $610.89 $462.41Paint Textured or Drywall Ceiling $168.00 to $311.68 $233.34Paint Entry Doors, Closet Doors, Frames and Grilles $336.60 to $435.00 $380.31Vinyl Kitchen Flooring $110.21 to $224.41 $157.00Window Treatments (Sheer, Blackout, Hardware installed) $1,051.80 to $1,285.52 $1,168.66



Casegoods Installation $50.00 to $100.00 $76.88Bedsets (Box Spring, Mattress and Frame) $701.01 to $856.80 $778.91Headboard $365.01 to $446.13 $405.57Nightstands $182.51 to $223.07 $202.79Dresser $516.44 to $631.20 $573.82Desk $200.00 to $350.00 $275.00Side Table $267.94 to $327.50 $297.72Coffee Table $136.27 to $166.55 $151.41Dining Table $215.81 to $263.77 $239.79Closet Shelf Unit $42.57 to $90.13 $57.98Drapery Valance - Painted wood $129.87 to $389.60 $327.66Kitchen Cabinetry $1,818.12 to $2,727.19 $2,272.65Kitchen Appliances $2,026.75 to $2,496.50 $2,259.87TV & Mount (HD LCD, incl. programming, allowance) $893.50 to $1,253.00 $1,067.76Connection Device (jack pack) $198.40 to $276.00 $222.32


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Assume typical guestroom area of approximately 25' wide x 16' long, plus 12' x 8' bathroom and 8' x 6' kitchen area = 548 SF. Ceilings 8'-0" AFF textured finish. (Studio)

EXTENDED STAY Prototype Hotel: 150 guestrooms, 4 stories, 38 rooms/floorOther assumptions and allowances are listed in each section below

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Demolition $55.00 to $150.00 $100.34Artwork (installed) $35.49 to $51.46 $43.40Lighted Mirror $232.20 to $283.80 $258.00Night Light $67.53 to $98.70 $81.90Towel Caddy $175.70 to $232.56 $203.80Paint Ceiling $46.08 to $67.20 $54.26Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $240.74 to $522.20 $338.40Shower Curtain and Hooks $42.83 to $52.35 $47.59Curved Shower Rod $56.50 to $75.00 $67.84Paint Door & Trim $103.89 to $129.87 $123.15Regrout Floor Tile $25.38 to $68.18 $47.35Regrout Wall Tile $72.50 to $208.00 $156.94

Guest Bathroom Softgoods Renovation Cost Per Key $1,153.84 to $1,939.31 $1,522.97


Additional Demolition $381.81 to $463.62 $422.71Architectural Lighting $125.00 to $175.00 $153.52Replace Bathroom Door & Hardware $415.57 to $519.46 $473.10Electrical Upgrades (add one GFI outlet) $51.95 to $77.92 $69.98Shower Valve & Head, Tub Diverter, Tub Drain $363.62 to $389.60 $377.75Tub Surround $795.00 to $1,350.61 $1,061.22Lavatory $155.84 to $207.79 $176.36Faucet (and connections) $207.79 to $311.68 $249.08Vanity Top $363.62 to $571.41 $437.69Vanity Base $363.62 to $467.52 $407.78Toilet Accessories $235.05 to $350.00 $287.03Tile Flooring $1,026.46 to $1,317.84 $1,201.45Toilet $327.26 to $415.57 $375.67


CorridorsPer room with each unit 25' long by half of a 5'-wide corridor; 38 rooms per floor.

AVERAGEDemolition $89.28 to $125.00 $107.14Artwork (installed) $7.51 to $9.85 $8.72Carpet and Pad $310.33 to $376.48 $347.46Carpet Base $31.80 to $47.40 $38.62Ceiling Mounted Lighting $41.25 to $49.30 $45.64Sconces $65.08 to $82.27 $74.85Elevator Lobby Furniture (allowance) $41.43 to $50.64 $46.04Vending Area Floor Tile $8.89 to $11.96 $10.66Ice Machine $121.84 to $152.26 $137.47Paint Ceiling $36.09 to $60.16 $48.02Signage Package (Room Numbers, Way Finding, Complete) $90.00 to $123.33 $107.67Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $183.47 to $385.78 $304.29Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $6.23 to $7.62 $6.93

Corridors Renovation Cost Per Key $1,033.21 to $1,482.04 $1,283.50

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EXTENDED STAYPrototype Hotel: 150 guestrooms, 4 stories, 38 rooms/floorOther assumptions and allowances are listed in each section below

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Lobby Softgoods RenovationArea costs and quantities are based on a 1,400 SF area. Ceiling 10' AFF.

AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Carpet $1,745.40 to $2,472.65 $2,063.02Artwork and Artifacts (installed) $778.68 to $951.72 $865.20Carpet and Pad $4,423.61 to $5,338.28 $4,962.60Millwork (refinish) $467.52 to $831.14 $649.33Paint Drywall Ceiling $705.60 to $1,236.32 $977.74Paint Doors & Trim $116.00 to $200.00 $160.59Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54", 40% openings) $1,042.07 to $2,013.00 $1,599.51Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $473.70 to $578.98 $526.34Seating Groups $4,000.00 to $7,000.00 $5,566.67Admin/BOH Office Finishes (Carpet, Paint only) $1,042.98 to $2,134.75 $1,588.86Employee Dining Finishes (VCT, Paint only) $597.38 to $1,158.40 $818.42Employee Restroom Finishes (VCT, Paint only) $519.46 to $1,064.90 $792.18



Additional Demolition $7,272.49 to $9,308.79 $8,290.64Decorative Lighting $1,247.23 to $1,838.94 $1,543.09Electrical $6,108.90 to $13,745.02 $8,781.54Hard Surface Flooring $5,454.37 to $8,190.00 $6,910.09HVAC $4,363.50 to $6,908.87 $5,636.18Life Safety $6,181.62 to $8,726.99 $7,454.31Architectural Lighting $6,545.25 to $14,181.36 $10,363.31Front Desk (new, in existing location) $16,248.60 to $22,856.41 $19,303.25Front Desk Equipment $3,636.25 to $4,727.12 $4,181.68New ACT & Grid $3,255.00 to $4,900.00 $4,230.80Articulated Drywall Ceiling (new) $3,108.00 to $8,436.09 $5,739.26Sound System $1,558.39 to $2,103.83 $1,831.11Casegoods $4,400.00 to $6,200.00 $5,366.67Drywall Partitions $4,590.00 to $9,180.00 $6,818.25Sundries Shop (Millwork/Finishes/Equipment/Signage) $10,389.28 to $20,245.76 $14,851.33Business Center (Millwork/Finishes/Seating) $5,869.64 to $10,947.88 $8,175.66Admin/BOH Office $650.00 to $800.00 $725.00Employee Dining $300.00 to $575.00 $425.00Employee Restroom $55.00 to $150.00 $110.00


Public Restrooms Softgoods Renovation

AVERAGEDemolition $261.81 to $523.62 $373.08Artwork and Artifacts (installed) $255.03 to $387.90 $304.71Framed Mirrors $358.49 to $581.28 $465.79Paint Drywall Ceiling $241.92 to $423.88 $335.23Paint Doors & Trim $116.00 to $210.00 $166.84Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $1,333.85 to $2,482.77 $2,012.17Decorative Vanity Lighting $671.84 to $847.00 $774.48

Public Restrooms Softgoods Renovation Subtotal $3,238.93 to $5,456.46 $4,432.29Public Restrooms Softgoods Renovation Cost Per SF $6.75 to $11.37 $9.23

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Additional Demolition $2,742.77 to $4,488.17 $3,615.47Toilet Partitions $2,066.40 to $4,986.85 $3,645.03Toilet Accessories $935.04 to $1,537.61 $1,141.18Replace Doors $1,117.89 to $1,870.07 $1,448.16Toilets / Urinals $5,921.89 to $8,259.48 $7,151.34Architectural Lighting $3,141.72 to $5,759.82 $4,647.12Tile Flooring $6,482.91 to $8,323.20 $7,588.13Tile Walls $5,760.00 to $6,624.00 $6,343.56Vanity Top, Faucets, Sinks (per position) $2,285.64 to $3,012.89 $2,687.17Millwork Vanity Base (per position) $2,064.00 to $4,259.60 $3,024.55


0Restaurant Softgoods RenovationAssume a 76-seat restaurant area of approximately 1,400 SF (35' x 40'). Ceiling 10' AFF.

AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Carpet $1,454.50 to $2,472.65 $1,963.57Artwork (installed) $793.68 to $1,016.30 $898.19Carpet and Pad (80% of floor area) $5,715.11 to $7,097.69 $6,488.52Millwork Buffet, Host Station (refinish) $1,298.66 to $3,116.78 $2,207.72Reupholster Banquettes $9,000.00 to $11,000.00 $10,000.00Acoustical Tile Ceiling (new) $6,061.44 to $9,800.00 $8,264.13Paint Doors & Trim $116.00 to $220.00 $166.84Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54", 40% openings) $1,042.07 to $1,939.67 $1,572.01Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $1,226.16 to $1,498.62 $1,359.39Dining Chairs - no Arms $20,935.72 to $27,868.44 $24,022.08




Additional Demolition $4,363.50 to $6,908.87 $5,636.18Banquettes (base only) $5,400.00 to $9,450.00 $7,593.75Buffet Equipment $5,194.64 to $16,103.38 $10,649.01Decorative Lighting $2,702.33 to $3,666.45 $3,125.72Architectural Lighting $8,363.37 to $13,454.12 $10,081.50Electrical $12,217.79 to $16,799.46 $13,935.92Hard Surface Flooring (20% of floor area ) $3,636.25 to $5,090.75 $4,370.43HVAC $3,054.45 to $6,108.90 $4,581.67Life Safety $7,636.12 to $12,217.79 $10,117.86Millwork Buffet, Host Station (new, in existing location) $10,908.74 to $17,044.91 $14,147.28Sound System $1,558.39 to $2,103.83 $1,831.11Tables $4,750.00 to $6,175.00 $5,541.67Drywall Partitions $5,645.27 to $8,672.81 $6,924.44TV & Mount (42", incl. programming, allowance) $1,211.68 to $1,607.37 $1,395.54



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Bar / Lounge Typically, hotels in this market segment do not have bar / lounge areas.

KitchenAssume a kitchen area of approximately 80 SF.

AVERAGESelective Demolition $436.35 to $698.16 $567.25Vinyl-coated Tile Ceiling (2' x 4' tiles & new grid) $480.00 to $652.80 $581.50Fluorescent Lighting (2' x 4') $218.17 to $436.35 $316.35Paint Door Frames & Trim $130.00 to $299.21 $189.21Paint Walls $27.65 to $43.20 $35.80Quarry Tile Flooring $1,038.93 to $1,448.40 $1,236.57Replace Doors $1,350.61 to $3,050.00 $2,206.02Kydex-paneled Walls $149.61 to $345.60 $245.50

Kitchen Renovation Subtotal $3,831.31 to $6,973.72 $5,378.21Kitchen Renovation Cost Per SF $47.89 to $87.17 $67.23

Kitchen EquipmentAVERAGE

Select Kitchen Equipment $1,662.28 to $2,360.44 $2,011.36

Kitchen Equipment Subtotal $1,662.28 to $2,360.44 $2,011.36Kitchen Equipment Cost Per SF $20.78 to $29.51 $25.14

Ballroom & Prefunction RenovationTypically, hotels in this market segment do not have ballrooms.

Meeting Rooms Softgoods RenovationAssume a meeting room area of approximately 24' x 23' = 552 SF. Ceiling 12' AFF.

AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Carpet $573.49 to $974.93 $774.21Carpet and Pad $2,721.61 to $3,382.78 $3,092.67Paint Articulated Drywall Ceiling $264.96 to $414.00 $343.05Paint Doors & Trim $130.00 to $299.21 $189.21Millwork Running Trim (refinish - stained hardwood crown, chair, & base) $249.03 to $454.12 $351.57Protect / Remove / Reinstall All Light Fixtures $38.96 to $166.23 $102.59Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $1,306.06 to $2,431.05 $1,921.33Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $621.50 to $759.61 $690.55

Meeting Rooms Softgoods Renovation Subtotal $5,905.60 to $8,881.92 $7,465.20Meeting Rooms Softgoods Renovation Cost Per SF $10.70 to $16.09 $13.52

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Meeting Rooms - Add for a Full RenovationAVERAGE

Additional Demolition $2,867.44 to $3,670.32 $3,268.88Banquet Chairs $10,645.71 to $13,011.43 $11,828.57Artwork, Accessories, & Mirrors (installed) $117.20 to $189.50 $149.38Acoustical Tile Ceiling (new) $2,566.80 to $3,864.00 $3,320.28Decorative Lighting $271.62 to $569.20 $420.41Electrical $4,817.30 to $6,623.79 $5,494.73HVAC $1,204.33 to $2,408.65 $1,806.49Life Safety $3,010.81 to $4,817.30 $3,989.33Architectural Lighting $3,326.23 to $5,201.54 $4,076.78Millwork Running Trim (stained hardwood crown, chair, & base) $1,464.89 to $2,929.78 $2,146.03Millwork Serving Stations $3,490.80 to $5,454.37 $4,527.13AV Infrastructure: Ceiling Speakers and wiring to AV room, CAT 5e cable to light bars, 120V power. Equipment by others. HSIA. Projection screens built in to ceiling. $519.46 to $1,428.53 $973.99

Meeting Rooms Full Renovation Additional Cost Subtotal $34,302.59 to $50,168.40 $42,002.01Meeting Rooms Full Renovation Additional Cost Per SF $62.14 to $90.88 $76.09

Board RoomTypically, hotels in this market segment do not have a Board Room.

Exercise Facility Softgoods RenovationAssume a one-bay facility of approximately 25' x 16', 400 SF. Ceiling 10' AFF.

AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Floor Finish $415.57 to $706.47 $561.02Artwork (installed) $86.55 to $152.03 $110.73Clock $23.38 to $49.76 $32.43Hamper $54.00 to $66.00 $60.00Towel Caddy $225.00 to $275.00 $250.00Carpet and Pad $1,980.49 to $2,461.47 $2,285.02Mirrors $1,558.39 to $3,376.52 $2,467.45Paint Doors & Trim $130.00 to $299.21 $189.21Remove & Reinstall Exercise Equipment $519.46 to $2,337.59 $1,428.53Paint Walls $393.60 to $615.00 $509.61Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $400.68 to $489.72 $445.20

Exercise Facility Softgoods Renovation Subtotal $5,787.13 to $10,828.76 $8,339.19Exercise Facility Softgoods Renovation Cost Per SF $14.47 to $27.07 $20.85

Exercise Facility - Add for a Full RenovationAVERAGE

Additional Demolition $2,077.86 to $2,659.66 $2,368.76Acoustical Tile Ceiling (new) $1,860.00 to $3,116.78 $2,527.63Exercise Equipment (installed) $11,000.00 to $16,000.00 $13,400.00Electrical $3,490.80 to $4,799.85 $3,981.69HVAC $872.70 to $1,745.40 $1,309.05Life Safety $2,181.75 to $3,490.80 $2,890.82Architectural Lighting $2,328.00 to $3,628.00 $2,926.25TVs & Mounts (42", incl. programming, allowance) $880.84 to $1,028.69 $947.77Water Fountain $415.57 to $670.11 $542.84Sound System $779.20 to $1,051.91 $915.56

Exercise Facility Full Renovation Additional Cost Subtotal $25,886.71 to $38,191.19 $31,810.35Exercise Facility Full Renovation Additional Cost Per SF $64.72 to $95.48 $79.53

Spa Typically, hotels in this market segment do not have spa facilities.

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Outdoor PoolAssume a 450 SF (15' x 30') pool and a 12' wide deck, approx. 1,656 SF surface.

AVERAGEADA Lift $3,500.00 to $7,500.00 $5,812.50Pool Furniture $6,750.00 to $8,250.00 $7,500.00Pool Equipment $5,194.64 to $16,103.38 $10,649.01Resurface Pool Bottom $3,150.00 to $6,779.00 $4,618.07Resurface Pool Deck (Kool Deck or tile) $5,100.48 to $14,904.00 $9,395.73Signage (life safety, pool rules) $1,000.00 to $2,500.00 $1,900.00

Outdoor Pool Renovation Subtotal $24,695.12 to $56,036.39 $39,875.31Outdoor Pool Renovation Cost Per SF $11.73 to $26.61 $18.93

Indoor PoolAssume a 450 SF (15' x 30') pool and a 12' wide deck, approx. 1,656 SF surface.

AVERAGEADA Lift $3,500.00 to $7,500.00 $5,812.50Architectural Lighting $11,666.90 to $21,000.42 $17,792.02Acoustical Tile Ceiling with Aluminum Grid (new) $7,852.01 to $10,518.73 $9,198.66Paint Doors & Trim $114.28 to $384.40 $218.24Pool Deck Tile $13,181.92 to $17,744.89 $15,181.56Pool Equipment $5,194.64 to $16,103.38 $10,649.01Pool Furniture $7,500.00 to $11,000.00 $9,166.67Pool Pak HVAC $44,445.33 to $60,001.20 $52,223.27Replace Doors (storefront) $1,558.39 to $2,649.27 $2,103.83Resurface Pool Bottom $3,150.00 to $5,400.00 $4,082.67Paint Walls (assume two walls are storefront, two are drywall $369.60 to $577.50 $478.54Signage (life safety, pool rules) $1,000.00 to $2,500.00 $1,900.00

Indoor Pool Renovation Subtotal $99,533.07 to $155,379.79 $128,806.97Indoor Pool Renovation Cost Per SF $47.26 to $73.78 $61.16

Outdoor AmenitiesAVERAGE

Stamped Concrete @ Arrivals $9,739.95 to $16,557.91 $11,886.00Outdoor Furniture $6,750.00 to $8,250.00 $7,500.00Fire Pit $8,000.00 to $20,000.00 $12,207.78Portable or permanent Grill $5,194.64 to $10,649.01 $7,921.82Outdoor Lighting $6,753.03 to $12,207.40 $9,480.22Patio Landscaping $4,675.18 to $10,129.55 $7,402.36

Outdoor Amenities Subtotal $41,112.79 to $77,793.87 $56,398.18

Outdoor ParkingAssume 175 spaces, 9' x 18', and 25'-wide aisles.



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LandscapingAVERAGE




New Electronic Key System $379.21 to $488.30 $433.75Tub-to-Stall Shower Conversion $1,800.00 to $4,500.00 $3,098.67Elevator Cab Finishes $8,830.89 to $15,739.76 $12,285.32Elevator Modernization Hydraulic, per Cab $49,868.54 to $62,959.03 $56,413.78PTAC Unit Direct Replacement, NIC finishes $900.00 to $1,200.00 $1,012.78Laundry Equipment (Direct equipment replacement with access) 75# Washer $20,778.56 to $31,687.30 $26,232.93 125# Dryer $31,167.84 to $42,076.58 $36,622.21 Ironer / Folder $103,892.78 to $118,437.77 $111,165.28Porte Cochere - Re-image: Demolish and Replace $10,389.28 to $64,932.99 $37,661.13Guestroom ADA Modifications Bathtub room $15,900.00 to $25,869.30 $20,886.61 Roll-in Shower room $20,155.20 to $27,012.12 $25,361.31Exterior Signage - Monument - new graphics on existing sign $10,389.28 to $17,661.77 $14,025.53Exterior Signage - Highway - New graphics on existing sign $25,973.20 to $36,881.94 $31,427.57Exterior Signage - New Exterior Brand sign in existing location $31,167.84 to $42,076.58 $36,622.21Dumpster enclosure - CMU walls, Wood Gate, Bollards, Concrete pad) $13,662.00 to $18,000.00 $15,346.22Power operated bi-parting Entrance doors (inner and outer at a vestibule) $28,000.00 to $35,700.00 $30,758.39Fireplace, natural gas with stone hearth and surrounding wall, public area $7,128.00 to $12,500.00 $9,541.29

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MIDSCALE



AVERAGEDemolition $181.81 to $363.62 $280.86FF&E Installation $178.50 to $408.00 $249.99Artwork, Mirrors & Accessories (installed package) $453.59 to $566.52 $506.68Full-height Framed Dressing Mirror $61.48 to $87.27 $71.67Bed Scarf $60.02 to $73.35 $66.68Bed Skirt or Box Spring Cover $62.46 to $76.35 $69.41Decorative Pillow $52.65 to $64.35 $58.50Carpet and Pad $586.02 to $784.10 $683.57Carpet Base $89.38 to $136.85 $108.21Desk Lamp $44.78 to $54.73 $49.75Floor Lamp $60.35 to $125.00 $84.13End Table Lamp $46.72 to $75.00 $57.88Nightstand or Bracket Lamp (2) $79.94 to $97.70 $88.82Welcome Light (in existing location) $124.46 to $172.89 $142.85Desk Chair (incl Fabric) $180.31 to $220.37 $200.34Lounge Chair (incl Fabric) $164.78 to $201.40 $183.09Ottoman (incl Fabric) $54.95 to $67.16 $61.05Sleeper Sofa (incl. fabric) $280.98 to $343.42 $312.20Paint Textured or Drywall Ceiling $135.03 to $241.13 $181.28Paint Entry Doors, Closet Doors, Frames and Grilles $225.00 to $384.40 $305.14Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $507.79 to $1,061.75 $838.54Window Treatments (Sheer, Blackout, Hardware installed) $578.48 to $707.03 $642.75



Casegoods Installation $50.00 to $100.00 $76.88Bedsets (Box Spring, Mattress and Frame) $817.64 to $999.33 $908.48Headboard $584.01 to $713.79 $648.90Nightstands $255.50 to $312.29 $283.89Dresser $271.52 to $331.86 $301.69Desk $250.00 to $375.00 $316.67Coffee Table $80.68 to $98.61 $89.64Closet Shelf Unit $42.57 to $90.13 $57.98Refrigerator Cabinet (case piece only) $389.34 to $475.86 $432.60Mini Refrigerator $450.00 to $450.00 $450.00Welcome Center / Coffee Niche $469.08 to $571.41 $520.05Drapery Valance - Painted wood $67.53 to $202.59 $170.38TV & Mount (HD LCD, incl. programming, allowance) $446.75 to $650.00 $552.91Connection Device (jack pack) $99.20 to $138.00 $111.16


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Assume typical guestroom area of approximately 13' wide x 21'-6" long, plus 6' x 8' bathroom and 6' x 7' entry / closet area = 370 SF. Ceilings 8'-0" AFF, painted drywall.

MIDSCALE Prototype Hotel: 135 guestrooms, 5 stories, 27 rooms/floorOther assumptions and allowances are listed in each section below

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Demolition $55.00 to $150.00 $100.34Artwork (installed) $37.51 to $53.92 $45.64Lighted Mirror $232.20 to $283.80 $258.00Makeup Mirror $57.43 to $168.89 $128.54Night Light $67.53 to $98.70 $81.90Towel Caddy $175.70 to $232.56 $203.80Paint Ceiling $23.04 to $33.60 $27.13Vinyl Wall covering (LY 54") $158.70 to $333.68 $219.79Shower Curtain and Hooks $57.43 to $70.19 $63.81Curved Shower Rod $56.50 to $75.00 $67.84Paint Door & Trim $109.09 to $192.20 $141.34Regrout Floor Tile $75.40 to $202.59 $140.69Regrout Wall Tile $72.50 to $208.00 $156.94



Additional Demolition $381.81 to $463.62 $422.71Architectural Lighting $125.00 to $175.00 $153.52Replace Bathroom Door & Hardware $415.57 to $519.46 $473.10Electrical Upgrades (add one GFI outlet) $51.95 to $77.92 $69.98Shower Valve & Head, Tub Diverter, Tub Drain $363.62 to $415.57 $385.52Tub Surround $795.00 to $1,625.00 $1,213.50Lavatory $155.84 to $207.79 $176.36Faucet (and connections) $207.79 to $275.00 $242.58Vanity Top $376.38 to $571.41 $441.59Vanity Base $363.62 to $467.52 $407.78Toilet Accessories $235.05 to $350.00 $287.03Tile Flooring $445.70 to $572.22 $521.68Toilet $327.26 to $415.57 $375.67


CorridorsPer room with each unit 13' long and half of a 6'-wide corridor; 27 rooms per floor.

AVERAGEDemolition $55.71 to $78.00 $66.86Artwork (installed) $11.33 to $14.78 $13.11Carpet and Pad $234.70 to $293.02 $266.39Carpet Base $17.00 to $25.43 $20.71Ceiling Mounted Lighting $45.89 to $57.74 $52.15Sconces $79.52 to $98.78 $89.83Elevator Lobby Furniture (allowance) $68.44 to $83.65 $76.04Vending Area Floor Tile $20.01 to $26.94 $24.01Ice Machine $171.48 to $214.29 $193.48Paint Ceiling $22.52 to $37.54 $29.96Signage Package (Room Numbers, Way Finding, Complete) $100.00 to $137.04 $119.63Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $101.04 to $207.35 $164.43Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $12.06 to $14.74 $13.40

Corridors Renovation Cost Per Key $939.70 to $1,289.28 $1,129.98

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MIDSCALEPrototype Hotel: 135 guestrooms, 5 stories, 27 rooms/floorOther assumptions and allowances are listed in each section below

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AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Carpet $3,116.78 to $4,415.44 $3,683.96Carpet and Pad $8,327.08 to $12,852.78 $10,798.05Millwork (refinish) $519.46 to $883.09 $701.28Millwork Screen Walls (refinish) $363.62 to $727.25 $545.44Paint Drywall Ceiling $1,260.00 to $2,207.72 $1,745.97Paint Doors & Trim $290.00 to $500.00 $401.48Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54", 40% openings) $1,002.47 to $1,964.60 $1,555.51Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $1,302.24 to $1,591.60 $1,446.92Seating Groups $1,500.00 to $2,000.00 $1,750.00Admin/BOH Office Finishes (Carpet, Paint only) $1,042.98 to $2,134.75 $1,588.86Employee Dining Finishes (VCT, Paint only) $597.38 to $1,158.40 $818.42Employee Restroom Finishes (VCT, Paint only) $519.46 to $1,064.90 $792.18



Additional Demolition $12,986.60 to $16,622.85 $14,804.72Decorative Lighting $1,282.27 to $1,881.78 $1,582.03Electrical $10,908.74 to $24,544.67 $15,681.32Hard Surface Flooring $9,739.95 to $18,000.00 $13,792.11HVAC $7,791.96 to $12,337.27 $10,064.61Life Safety $11,038.61 to $15,583.92 $13,311.26Architectural Lighting $11,687.94 to $25,323.87 $18,505.90Front Desk (new, in existing location) $16,248.60 to $22,856.41 $19,303.25Front Desk Equipment $3,636.25 to $4,727.12 $4,181.68Millwork Screen Walls (new) $5,454.37 to $10,181.49 $7,817.93New ACT & Grid $5,812.50 to $8,750.00 $7,555.00Articulated Drywall Ceiling (new) $5,550.00 to $15,064.45 $10,248.68Sound System $1,558.39 to $2,103.83 $1,831.11Casegoods $1,975.00 to $4,000.00 $3,091.67Drywall Partitions $4,590.00 to $9,180.00 $6,818.25Sundries Shop (Millwork/Finishes/Equipment/Signage) $6,753.03 to $13,159.75 $9,653.36Business Center (Millwork/Finishes/Seating) $6,049.64 to $11,167.88 $8,375.66Admin/BOH Office $650.00 to $800.00 $725.00Employee Dining $750.00 to $1,200.00 $950.00Employee Restroom $265.00 to $375.00 $321.67


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AVERAGEDemolition $261.81 to $523.62 $373.08Artwork and Artifacts (installed) $323.19 to $471.18 $380.43Framed Mirrors $415.85 to $700.28 $560.63Paint Drywall Ceiling $241.92 to $423.88 $335.23Paint Doors & Trim $116.00 to $210.00 $166.84Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $1,283.16 to $2,420.82 $1,955.85Decorative Vanity Lighting $714.68 to $899.36 $822.08



Additional Demolition $2,742.77 to $4,488.17 $3,615.47Toilet Partitions $3,099.60 to $7,480.28 $5,467.55Toilet Accessories $935.04 to $1,537.61 $1,141.18Replace Doors $1,117.89 to $1,870.07 $1,448.16Toilets / Urinals $5,921.89 to $8,259.48 $7,151.34Architectural Lighting $3,141.72 to $5,759.82 $4,647.12Tile Flooring $6,482.91 to $8,323.20 $7,588.13Tile Walls $5,760.00 to $6,624.00 $6,343.56Vanity Top, Faucets, Sinks (per position) $2,285.64 to $3,012.89 $2,687.17Millwork Vanity Base (per position) $2,064.00 to $4,259.60 $3,024.55


0Restaurant Softgoods RenovationAssume a 68-seat restaurant area of approximately 36' x 36' = 1,296 SF. Ceiling 10' AFF.

AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Carpet $1,346.45 to $2,288.97 $1,817.71Artwork (installed) $1,134.36 to $1,432.68 $1,276.72Carpet and Pad (80% of floor area) $5,418.55 to $6,728.83 $6,149.71Millwork Buffet, Host Station (refinish) $2,077.86 to $4,986.85 $3,532.35Millwork Screen Walls (refinish) $779.20 to $1,324.63 $1,051.91Millwork Running Trim (refinish - hardwood crown, chair, & base) $381.49 to $695.67 $538.58Reupholster Banquettes $9,000.00 to $11,000.00 $10,000.00Paint Drywall Ceiling $653.18 to $1,144.48 $933.81Paint Doors & Trim $232.00 to $440.00 $333.68Vinyl Wall covering (LY 54", 40% openings) $1,014.46 to $1,878.98 $1,524.62Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $3,998.80 to $4,887.44 $4,443.12Dining Chairs - no Arms $20,434.68 to $24,975.72 $22,705.20



RANGEThe public restrooms costs and quantities are based on two 12' x 20' (480 SF total) restrooms. Ceiling 10' AFF. Each with 2 lavs, 3 fixtures.

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Additional Demolition $4,039.35 to $6,395.64 $5,217.50Banquettes (base only) $5,400.00 to $9,450.00 $7,593.75Buffet Equipment $5,194.64 to $20,778.56 $11,233.41Decorative Lighting $3,046.32 to $4,890.00 $3,761.91Architectural Lighting $7,742.09 to $12,723.96 $10,392.91Electrical $11,310.18 to $15,551.50 $12,900.68Hard Surface Flooring (20% of floor area ) $3,366.13 to $4,712.58 $4,045.77HVAC $2,827.55 to $5,655.09 $4,241.32Life Safety $7,068.86 to $12,723.96 $10,780.02Millwork Buffet, Host Station (new, in existing location) $17,453.99 to $27,271.86 $22,635.64Millwork Screen Walls (new) $3,636.25 to $6,908.87 $5,272.56Millwork Running Trim (hardwood crown, chair, & base) $2,244.08 to $4,488.17 $3,287.54Articulated Drywall Ceiling (new) $12,182.40 to $19,116.00 $16,305.30Sound System $1,558.39 to $2,103.83 $1,831.11Tables $5,400.00 to $7,200.00 $6,300.00Communal Dining Tables, Chef's Table (6 seats) $3,116.78 to $6,073.73 $4,455.40Communal Table Stools $1,215.00 to $1,485.00 $1,350.00Drywall Partitions $5,419.46 to $8,325.89 $6,647.47TV & Mount (42", incl. programming, allowance) $2,423.36 to $3,214.75 $2,791.08

Restaurant Full Renovation Additional Cost Subtotal $104,644.84 to $179,069.37 $141.043.36Restaurant Full Renovation Additional Cost Per SF $80.74 to $138.17 $108.83


Bar / Lounge Softgoods RenovationAssume a 54-seat bar / lounge area of approximately 24' x 30' = 720 SF.

AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Carpet $748.03 to $1,271.65 $1,009.84Artwork, Accessories, & Mirrors (installed) $1,134.36 to $1,432.68 $1,280.60Bar / Back Bar (refinish) $1,298.66 to $3,116.78 $2,207.72Carpet and Pad (60%) $2,241.36 to $2,783.62 $2,544.08Millwork Running Trim (refinish) $286.12 to $521.75 $403.94Paint Drywall Ceiling $345.60 to $540.00 $447.46Paint Doors & Trim $130.00 to $299.21 $189.21Vinyl Wall covering (LY 54") $1,268.08 to $2,348.72 $1,905.77Reupholster Banquettes $9,000.00 to $11,000.00 $10,000.00Dining Chairs - no Arms $12,621.42 to $15,426.18 $14,023.80Bar Stools $3,606.12 to $4,407.48 $4,006.80

Bar / Lounge Softgoods Renovation Subtotal $32,679.75 to $43,148.07 $38,019.22Bar / Lounge Softgoods Renovation Cost Per SF $45.39 to $59.93 $52.80

Bar / Lounge Softgoods Renovation Cost Per Seat $605.18 to $799.04 $704.06

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Bar / Lounge - Add for a Full RenovationAVERAGE

Additional Demolition $2,244.08 to $3,553.13 $2,898.61Bar / Back Bar (new in existing location) $13,635.93 to $21,306.14 $17,684.09Bar Equipment $25,973.20 to $39,609.12 $32,791.16Articulated Drywall Ceiling (new) $2,992.11 to $8,677.13 $5,761.82Banquettes $2,077.86 to $7,272.49 $5,366.22Decorative Lighting $507.72 to $815.00 $626.99Electrical $6,283.44 to $8,639.72 $7,167.04Hard Surface Flooring (40%) $3,740.14 to $4,993.92 $4,460.20HVAC $1,570.86 to $3,141.72 $2,356.29Life Safety $3,927.15 to $7,068.86 $5,988.90Architectural Lighting $4,316.12 to $7,592.48 $6,102.97Millwork Running Trim (stained hardwood crown, chair, & base) $1,683.06 to $3,366.13 $2,465.65Sound System $2,337.59 to $3,155.74 $2,746.67TVs - 42" LCD HD $1,761.68 to $2,057.37 $1,895.54Tables $2,226.33 to $2,721.15 $2,473.74Drywall Partitions $6,774.33 to $11,016.00 $8,385.41

Bar / Lounge Full Renovation Additional Cost Subtotal $82,051.59 to $134,986.12 $109,171.30Bar / Lounge Full Renovation Additional Cost Per SF $113.96 to $187.48 $151.63

Bar / Lounge Full Renovation Additional Cost Per Seat $1,519.47 to $2,499.74 $2,021.69

KitchenAssume a kitchen area of approximately 20' x 20' = 400 SF.

AVERAGESelective Demolition $4,363.50 to $6,981.60 $5,672.55Vinyl-coated Tile Ceiling (2' x 4' tiles & new grid) $4,800.00 to $6,528.00 $5,815.00Fluorescent Lighting (2' x 4') $2,181.75 to $4,363.50 $3,163.54Paint Door Frames & Trim $130.00 to $299.21 $189.21Paint Walls $115.20 to $180.00 $149.15Quarry Tile Flooring $10,389.28 to $14,484.00 $12,365.66Replace Doors $1,350.61 to $3,050.00 $2,206.02Kydex-paneled Walls $664.91 to $1,536.00 $1,091.11





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Prefunction Softgoods RenovationAssume a prefunction area of approximately 15' x 50' = 750 SF. Ceiling 12' AFF.

AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Carpet $779.20 to $1,324.63 $1,051.91Paint Articulated Drywall Ceiling $360.00 to $562.50 $466.11Carpet and Pad $3,919.67 to $4,867.50 $4,448.58Paint Doors & Trim (Service Doors and Exits) $130.00 to $299.21 $189.21Millwork Running Trim (refinish - stained hardwood crown, chair, & base) $344.40 to $628.03 $486.22Protect / Remove / Reinstall All Light Fixtures $259.73 to $986.98 $623.36Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $1,736.13 to $3,083.50 $2,470.64Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $4,802.16 to $5,869.32 $5,335.74

Prefunction Softgoods Renovation Subtotal $12,331.29 to $17,621.68 $15,071.77Prefunction Softgoods Renovation Cost Per SF $16.44 to $23.50 $20.10

Prefunction - Add for a Full RenovationAVERAGE

Additional Demolition $3,895.98 to $4,986.85 $4,441.42Artwork, Accessories, & Mirrors (allowance, installed) $1,119.36 to $1,368.10 $1,243.73Articulated Drywall Ceiling (new) $3,116.78 to $9,038.67 $5,379.73Decorative Lighting $2,507.72 to $4,815.00 $3,351.99Electrical $3,272.62 to $7,363.40 $4,704.40HVAC $2,337.59 to $3,701.18 $3,019.38Life Safety $3,311.58 to $4,675.18 $3,993.38Architectural Lighting $3,506.38 to $7,597.16 $5,551.77Millwork Running Trim (stained hardwood crown, chair, & base) $2,025.91 to $4,051.82 $2,967.92Portable Bars $7,000.00 to $12,000.00 $9,000.00

Prefunction Full Renovation Additional Cost Subtotal $32,093.93 to $59,597.36 $43,653.70Prefunction Full Renovation Additional Cost Per SF $42.79 to $79.46 $58.20

Meeting Rooms Softgoods Renovation

AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Carpet $3,079.38 to $5,234.95 $4,157.17Carpet and Pad $15,490.52 to $19,236.36 $17,580.77Paint Articulated Drywall Ceiling $1,422.72 to $2,223.00 $1,842.05Paint Doors & Trim $390.00 to $897.63 $567.64Millwork Running Trim (refinish - stained hardwood crown, chair, & base) $1,017.32 to $1,855.11 $1,436.21Protect / Remove / Reinstall All Light Fixtures $116.88 to $498.69 $307.78Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $6,153.90 to $10,929.83 $8,757.48Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $4,802.16 to $5,869.32 $5,335.74


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RANGEAssume 3 meeting rooms with areas approximately 26' x 38' each = 988 SF each; 2,964 SF total. Ceiling 12' AFF coffered.


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Additional Demolition $15,396.91 to $19,708.05 $17,552.48Banquet Chairs $57,162.86 to $69,865.71 $63,514.29Artwork, Accessories, & Mirrors (installed) $366.21 to $586.35 $464.37Articulated Drywall Ceiling (new) $12,317.53 to $35,720.83 $21,260.69Decorative Lighting $930.87 to $2,064.50 $1,494.67Electrical $25,866.81 to $35,566.86 $29,504.33HVAC $6,466.70 to $12,933.40 $9,700.05Life Safety $16,166.76 to $29,100.16 $24,654.30Architectural Lighting $17,860.42 to $31,009.38 $25,104.66Millwork Running Trim (stained hardwood crown, chair, & base) $5,984.22 to $11,968.45 $8,766.77Millwork Serving Stations $13,090.49 to $20,453.89 $16,976.73AV Infrastructure: Ceiling Speakers and wiring to AV room, CAT 5e cable to light bars, 120V power. Equipment by others. HSIA. Projection screens built in to ceiling. $1,558.39 to $4,285.58 $2,921.98


Board RoomTypically, hotels in this market segment do not have a Board Room.

Exercise Facility Softgoods RenovationAssume a two-bay facility of approximately 26' x 28' = 728 SF. Ceiling 10' AFF.

AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & floor finish $756.34 to $1,285.78 $1,021.06Artwork (installed) $488.05 to $642.75 $556.84Clock $64.54 to $113.96 $84.28Hamper $54.00 to $66.00 $60.00Towel Caddy $225.00 to $275.00 $250.00Sport Flooring $7,563.39 to $15,126.79 $11,332.28Mirrors $1,558.39 to $3,376.52 $2,467.45Paint Doors & Trim $260.00 to $598.42 $378.43Remove & Reinstall Exercise Equipment $779.20 to $2,597.32 $1,688.26Paint Walls $622.08 to $972.00 $805.43Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $901.54 to $1,101.88 $1,001.71



Additional Demolition $3,781.70 to $4,840.57 $4,311.13Acoustical Tile Ceiling (new) $3,385.20 to $5,672.55 $4,600.28Exercise Equipment (installed) $16,500.00 to $24,000.00 $20,100.00Electrical $6,353.25 to $8,735.72 $7,246.68HVAC $1,588.31 to $3,176.63 $2,382.47Life Safety $3,970.78 to $7,147.41 $6,055.44Architectural Lighting $4,295.20 to $7,330.96 $6,118.94TVs & Mounts (42", incl. programming, allowance) $880.84 to $1,028.69 $947.77Water Fountain $831.14 to $1,340.22 $1,085.68Sound System $779.20 to $1,051.91 $915.56


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Spa Typically, hotels in this market segment do not have spa facilities.





AVERAGEADA Lift $7,000.00 to $15,000.00 $11,625.00Architectural Lighting $11,666.90 to $21,000.42 $17,792.02Acoustical Tile Ceiling with Aluminum Grid (new) $7,852.01 to $10,518.73 $9,198.66Paint Doors & Trim $114.28 to $384.40 $218.24Pool Deck Tile $13,181.92 to $17,744.89 $15,181.56Pool Equipment $5,194.64 to $16,103.38 $10,649.01Pool Furniture $7,500.00 to $11,000.00 $9,166.67Pool Pak HVAC $44,445.33 to $60,001.20 $52,223.27Replace Doors (storefront) $1,558.39 to $2,649.27 $2,103.83Resurface Pool Bottom $3,150.00 to $5,400.00 $4,082.67Paint Walls (assume two walls are storefront, two are drywall) $369.60 to $577.50 $478.54Signage (life safety, pool rules) $1,000.00 to $2,500.00 $1,900.00



Stamped Concrete @ Arrivals $13,635.93 to $23,181.08 $16,640.40Outdoor Furniture $9,450.00 to $11,550.00 $10,500.00Fire Pit $8,000.00 to $20,000.00 $12,207.78Portable or Permanent Grill $5,194.64 to $10,649.01 $7,921.82Outdoor Lighting $6,753.03 to $12,207.40 $9,480.22Patio Landscaping $4,675.18 to $10,129.55 $7,402.36


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Outdoor ParkingAssume 150 spaces, 9' x 18', and 25'-wide aisles.




LandscapingAVERAGE




New Electronic Key System $384.40 to $493.49 $438.95Tub-to-Stall Shower Conversion $1,800.00 to $4,500.00 $3,098.67Elevator Cab Finishes $8,830.89 to $15,739.76 $12,285.32Elevator Modernization Hydraulic, per Cab $62,335.67 to $78,698.78 $70,517.23Electronic Signage Boards Basic System - one Lobby Screen 42" diag. $10,389.28 to $15,843.65 $13,116.46PTAC Unit Direct Replacement, NIC finishes $900.00 to $1,200.00 $1,012.78Laundry Equipment (Direct equipment replacement with access) 75# Washer $20,778.56 to $31,687.30 $26,232.93 125# Dryer $31,167.84 to $42,076.58 $36,622.21 Ironer / Folder $103,892.78 to $118,437.77 $111,165.28Porte Cochere - Re-image: Demolish and Replace $10,389.28 to $64,932.99 $37,661.13Guestroom ADA Modifications Bathtub room $19,220.16 to $27,427.69 $22,543.50 Roll-in Shower room $21,713.59 to $28,570.52 $25,945.71Exterior Signage - Monument - new graphics on existing sign $10,389.28 to $17,661.77 $14,025.53Exterior Signage - Highway - New graphics on existing sign $25,973.20 to $36,881.94 $31,427.57Exterior Signage - New Exterior Brand sign in existing location $31,167.84 to $42,076.58 $36,622.21Dumpster enclosure - CMU walls, Wood Gate, Bollards, Concrete pad) $13,662.00 to $18,000.00 $15,346.22Power operated bi-parting Entrance doors (inner and outer at a vestibule) $28,000.00 to $35,700.00 $30,758.39Fireplace, natural gas with stone hearth and surrounding wall, public area $7,128.00 to $12,500.00 $9,541.29

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UPSCALE



AVERAGEDemolition $207.79 to $415.57 $300.34FF&E Installation $178.50 to $357.00 $284.13Artwork, Mirrors & Accessories (installed package) $632.92 to $792.51 $709.99Full-height Framed Dressing Mirror $96.30 to $136.65 $115.85Bed Scarf $187.55 to $229.22 $208.38Bed Skirt or Box Spring Cover $195.20 to $238.58 $216.89Decorative Pillow $60.75 to $74.25 $67.50Carpet and Pad $598.87 to $798.03 $697.00Desk Lamp $76.90 to $93.98 $85.44Floor Lamp $73.00 to $135.00 $96.37End Table Lamp $73.00 to $100.00 $84.70Nightstand or Bracket Lamp (2) $180.77 to $220.94 $200.85Welcome Light (in existing location) $158.00 to $213.89 $180.12Desk Chair (incl Fabric) $189.32 to $231.40 $210.36Lounge Chair (incl Fabric) $350.60 to $428.51 $389.55Ottoman (incl Fabric) $64.51 to $78.85 $71.68Sleeper Sofa (incl. fabric) $375.64 to $459.12 $417.38Paint Textured or Drywall Ceiling $194.49 to $312.00 $240.78Paint Trim (base & crown) $87.89 to $183.30 $139.89Paint Entry Doors, Closet Doors, Frames and Grilles $225.00 to $384.40 $305.14Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $614.54 to $1,218.77 $973.70Window Treatments (Sheer, Blackout, Hardware installed) $734.58 to $897.82 $816.20



Casegoods Installation $50.00 to $100.00 $76.88Bedsets (Box Spring, Mattress and Frame) $844.49 to $1,032.14 $938.31Headboard $728.55 to $890.46 $809.51Nightstands $628.32 to $767.94 $698.13Dresser $620.39 to $758.25 $689.32Desk $526.71 to $643.75 $585.23Side Table $194.67 to $237.93 $216.30Coffee Table $90.57 to $110.70 $100.64Closet Shelf Unit $111.99 to $157.99 $134.28Refrigerator Cabinet (case piece only) $485.70 to $593.64 $539.67Mini Refrigerator $450.00 to $450.00 $450.00Welcome Center / Coffee Niche $545.44 to $727.25 $642.84Crown Molding $486.22 to $831.48 $637.78Drapery Valance - Painted wood $202.59 to $337.65 $233.22Wall Base $489.90 to $870.00 $675.67Entry Area Hard Surface Flooring $560.00 to $654.52 $624.14TV & Mount (HD LCD, incl. programming, allowance) $465.00 to $677.50 $563.00Connection Device (jack pack) $99.20 to $138.00 $111.16


Assume typical guestroom area of approximately 13' wide x 24' long, plus 6' x 8' bathroom and 5' x 7' entry / closet area = 389 SF. Ceilings 8'-6" AFF. Painted drywall.RANGE

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UPSCALE Prototype Hotel: 304 guestrooms, 9 stories (8 with guestrooms), 34 rooms/floorOther assumptions and allowances are listed in each section below

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Demolition $55.00 to $150.00 $100.34Artwork (installed) $45.16 to $63.27 $54.14Lighted Mirror $232.20 to $283.80 $258.00Makeup Mirror $134.69 to $185.97 $160.78Night Light $67.53 to $98.70 $81.90Towel Caddy $181.93 to $242.95 $213.15Paint Ceiling $23.04 to $33.60 $27.13Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $186.20 to $375.95 $253.03Shower Curtain and Hooks $67.16 to $82.08 $74.62Curved Shower Rod $56.50 to $125.00 $79.26Paint Door & Trim $109.09 to $192.20 $141.34Regrout Floor Tile $75.40 to $202.59 $140.69Regrout Wall Tile $79.75 to $228.80 $172.63



Additional Demolition $409.08 to $1,500.00 $862.67Architectural Lighting $125.00 to $200.00 $158.12Replace Bathroom Door & Hardware $519.46 to $623.36 $546.88Electrical Upgrades (add one GFI outlet) $51.95 to $77.92 $69.98Shower Valve & Head, Tub Diverter, Tub Drain $415.57 to $519.46 $464.26Tub Surround $795.00 to $1,625.00 $1,213.50Lavatory $115.00 to $326.40 $160.01Faucet (and connections) $311.68 to $400.00 $358.91Vanity Top $467.52 to $779.20 $699.55Vanity Base $405.18 to $571.41 $504.74Toilet Accessories $310.90 to $390.00 $344.19Tile Flooring $528.00 to $605.88 $574.19Toilet $400.00 to $502.84 $459.76


Corridors Per room with each unit 13' long and half of a 6'-wide corridor; 34 rooms per floor.

AVERAGEDemolition $55.71 to $78.00 $66.86Artwork (installed) $12.73 to $19.29 $15.65Carpet and Pad $245.96 to $297.86 $272.21Carpet Base $21.68 to $31.04 $25.85Ceiling Mounted Lighting $61.55 to $70.45 $66.17Sconces $91.92 to $108.95 $101.21Elevator Lobby Furniture (allowance) $62.79 to $76.74 $69.77Vending Area Floor Tile $22.59 to $25.92 $24.60Ice Machine $162.64 to $202.52 $183.06Millwork (allowance for elevator lobby) $15.28 to $25.97 $20.63Paint Ceiling $22.52 to $37.54 $29.96Signage Package (Room Numbers, Way Finding, Complete) $59.21 to $78.95 $69.57Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $119.35 to $229.72 $184.76Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $23.57 to $28.81 $26.19

Corridors Renovation Cost Per Key $977.50 to $1,311.77 $1,156.49

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UPSCALEPrototype Hotel: 304 guestrooms, 9 stories (8 with guestrooms), 34 rooms/floorOther assumptions and allowances are listed in each section below

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AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Carpet $4,363.50 to $6,181.62 $5,157.54Artwork and Artifacts (installed) $5,000.00 to $10,000.00 $7,500.00Area Rugs $2,250.00 to $2,750.00 $2,500.00Millwork (refinish) $1,558.39 to $1,922.02 $1,740.20Millwork Screen Walls (refinish) $1,038.93 to $1,402.55 $1,220.74Paint Drywall Ceiling $3,528.00 to $6,181.62 $4,888.70Paint Doors & Trim $580.00 to $1,000.00 $802.95Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54", 40% openings) $2,312.64 to $4,009.28 $3,276.12Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $6,410.88 to $7,835.52 $7,123.20Seating Groups $5,000.00 to $8,000.00 $6,500.00Admin/BOH Office Finishes (Carpet, Paint only) $2,081.91 to $4,264.55 $3,173.23Employee Dining Finishes (VCT, Paint only) $1,038.93 to $2,129.80 $1,584.36Employee Restroom Finishes (VCT, Paint only) $2,597.32 to $4,779.07 $3,688.19



Additional Demolition $21,817.48 to $26,908.23 $24,362.86Decorative Lighting $10,136.25 to $19,363.50 $13,666.54Electrical $27,271.86 to $39,998.72 $33,635.29Hard Surface Flooring $53,200.00 to $94,500.00 $75,026.24HVAC $16,363.11 to $35,453.41 $25,908.26Life Safety $21,817.48 to $40,907.78 $31,362.63Architectural Lighting $27,271.86 to $52,725.59 $39,998.72Front Desk (new, in existing location) $41,557.11 to $67,010.85 $54,283.98Front Desk Equipment $8,311.42 to $10,493.17 $9,402.30Concierge Desk $11,000.00 to $16,248.60 $13,671.01Bell Stand $7,800.00 to $11,000.00 $9,015.65Millwork Running Trim (stained hardwood crown & base) $4,675.18 to $8,311.42 $6,906.09Millwork Screen Walls (new) $17,142.31 to $31,167.84 $22,986.28Articulated Drywall Ceiling (new) $15,540.00 to $42,180.47 $28,696.31Sound System $3,272.62 to $7,090.68 $5,590.73Casegoods $6,400.00 to $8,200.00 $7,366.67Drywall Partitions $7,344.00 to $14,688.00 $10,909.20Sundries Shop (Millwork/Finishes/Equipment/Signage) $15,583.92 to $30,368.65 $22,276.99Business Center (Millwork/Finishes/Seating) $10,041.96 to $17,934.32 $13,638.50Admin/BOH Office $2,000.00 to $4,000.00 $3,000.00Employee Dining $5,000.00 to $11,000.00 $8,000.00Employee Restroom $275.00 to $400.00 $341.67



AVERAGEDemolition $785.43 to $1,570.86 $1,119.24Artwork and Artifacts (installed) $1,230.38 to $1,656.16 $1,409.76Framed Mirrors $1,626.33 to $2,345.50 $1,975.67Paint Drywall Ceiling $1,451.52 to $2,543.30 $2,011.35Paint Doors & Trim $464.00 to $840.00 $667.36Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $3,700.22 to $6,227.11 $5,171.40Decorative Vanity Lighting $7,079.30 to $8,717.20 $7,935.89


The public restrooms costs and quantities are based on 1,440 SF restrooms. Ceiling 12' AFF. 4 restrooms, each with 5 lavs; 7 fixtures.

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Additional Demolition $8,228.31 to $13,464.50 $10,846.41Toilet Partitions $21,817.48 to $84,000.00 $44,370.15Toilet Accessories $5,610.21 to $9,225.68 $7,128.08Replace Doors $5,734.88 to $8,840.00 $7,199.52Toilets / Urinals $30,800.00 to $56,000.00 $39,962.16Architectural Lighting $9,425.15 to $17,279.45 $13,941.37Tile Flooring $23,040.00 to $26,438.40 $24,958.44Tile Walls $13,248.00 to $17,204.64 $15,529.30Vanity Top, Faucets, Sinks (per position) $14,285.26 to $18,830.57 $16,543.54Millwork Vanity Base (per position) $17,000.00 to $30,128.91 $21,892.06



AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Carpet $3,116.78 to $5,298.53 $4,207.66Artwork (installed) $2,438.65 to $3,026.81 $2,725.93Carpet and Pad (80% of floor area) $15,082.99 to $18,301.07 $16,654.64Millwork Buffet, Host Station (refinish) $4,675.18 to $9,038.67 $6,856.92Millwork Screen Walls (refinish) $1,038.93 to $2,129.80 $1,584.36Millwork Running Trim (refinish - hardwood crown, chair, & base) $582.84 to $1,062.82 $822.83Reupholster Banquettes $10,800.00 to $13,200.00 $12,000.00Paint Drywall Ceiling $3,024.00 to $5,298.53 $4,323.22Paint Doors & Trim $348.00 to $660.00 $500.52Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54", 40% openings) $3,089.86 to $4,948.42 $4,161.95Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $15,626.52 to $19,099.08 $17,362.80Dining Chairs - with Arms $10,217.52 to $12,487.92 $11,352.72Dining Chairs - no Arms $56,095.20 to $68,560.80 $62,328.00


Restaurant Softgoods Renovation Cost Per Seat $900.97 to $1,165.09 $1,034.87


Additional Demolition $9,350.35 to $14,804.72 $12,077.54Banquettes $6,000.00 to $10,500.00 $8,437.50Buffet Equipment $25,973.20 to $62,335.67 $44,154.43Decorative Lighting $19,702.80 to $26,414.52 $22,646.14Architectural Lighting $23,375.88 to $35,998.85 $31,148.36Electrical $26,180.98 to $35,998.85 $29,862.68Hard Surface Flooring (20% of floor area ) $9,978.00 to $11,700.00 $10,814.25HVAC $9,817.87 to $22,908.36 $14,317.72Life Safety $16,363.11 to $35,998.85 $30,271.76Millwork Buffet, Host Station (new, in existing location) $38,616.95 to $58,907.21 $47,780.29Millwork Screen Walls (new) $12,986.60 to $17,713.72 $15,350.16Millwork Running Trim (hardwood crown, chair, & base) $3,428.46 to $6,856.92 $5,022.63Articulated Drywall Ceiling (new) $28,200.00 to $44,250.00 $37,743.75Sound System $3,272.62 to $9,817.87 $6,340.71Tables $14,100.00 to $18,800.00 $16,450.00Communal Dining Tables, Chef's Table (6 seats) $10,389.28 to $20,245.76 $14,851.33Communal Table Stools $2,970.00 to $3,630.00 $3,300.00Drywall Partitions $9,935.68 to $15,264.14 $12,187.02



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Bar / Lounge Softgoods RenovationAssume an 90-seat bar / lounge area of approximately 40' x 40' = 1,600 SF. Ceiling 12' AFF.

AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Carpet $1,662.28 to $2,825.88 $2,244.08Artwork, Accessories, & Mirrors (installed) $2,438.65 to $3,026.81 $2,729.81Bar / Back Bar (refinish) $3,116.78 to $6,025.78 $4,571.28Carpet and Pad (60%) $5,996.82 to $7,275.84 $6,621.18Millwork Running Trim (refinish) $423.88 to $772.96 $598.42Paint Drywall Ceiling $768.00 to $1,200.00 $994.36Paint Doors & Trim $130.00 to $299.21 $189.21Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $3,745.28 to $5,998.08 $5,044.79Reupholster Banquettes $10,800.00 to $13,200.00 $12,000.00Dining Chairs - with Arms $2,554.38 to $3,121.98 $2,838.18Dining Chairs - no Arms $30,451.68 to $37,218.72 $33,835.20Bar Stools $5,609.52 to $6,856.08 $6,232.80


Bar / Lounge Softgoods Renovation Cost Per Seat $752.19 to $975.79 $865.55


Additional Demolition $4,986.85 to $7,895.85 $6,441.35Bar / Back Bar (new in existing location) $32,180.79 to $49,089.34 $41,245.51Bar Equipment $29,089.98 to $44,362.22 $36,726.10Articulated Drywall Ceiling (new) $6,649.14 to $19,282.50 $12,804.05Banquettes (base only) $8,760.00 to $15,583.92 $12,568.71Chef's Table Chairs $4,808.16 to $5,876.64 $5,342.40Chef's Table $10,389.28 to $20,245.76 $14,851.33Decorative Lighting $9,851.40 to $13,207.26 $11,323.07Electrical $13,963.19 to $19,199.39 $15,926.76Hard Surface Flooring (40%) $10,240.00 to $12,544.00 $11,471.84HVAC $5,236.20 to $12,217.79 $7,636.12Life Safety $8,726.99 to $19,199.39 $16,144.94Architectural Lighting $12,467.13 to $19,199.39 $16,612.46Millwork Running Trim (stained hardwood crown, chair, & base) $2,493.43 to $4,986.85 $3,652.82Other Seating & Tables (allowance) $6,000.00 to $8,000.00 $7,000.00Sound System $4,908.93 to $14,726.80 $9,511.06TVs - 42" LCD HD $3,523.36 to $4,114.75 $3,791.08Tables $4,156.64 to $5,080.32 $4,618.45Drywall Partitions $12,043.25 to $19,584.00 $14,907.40



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KitchenAssume a kitchen area of approximately 50' x 70' = 3,500 SF, including banquet prep.

AVERAGESelective Demolition $19,090.30 to $30,544.48 $24,817.39Vinyl-coated Tile Ceiling (2' x 4' tiles & new grid) $21,000.00 to $28,560.00 $25,440.63Fluorescent Lighting (2' x 4') $9,545.15 to $19,090.30 $13,840.47Paint Door Frames & Trim $650.00 to $1,496.06 $946.07Paint Walls $998.40 to $1,560.00 $1,292.67Quarry Tile Flooring $45,453.09 to $63,367.50 $54,099.76Replace Doors $6,753.03 to $15,250.00 $11,030.12Kydex-paneled Walls $1,080.48 to $2,496.00 $1,773.06





Prefunction Softgoods RenovationAssume a prefunction area of approximately 40' x 50', 2,000 SF. Ceiling 12' AFF, coffered.

AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Carpet $2,077.86 to $3,532.35 $2,805.11Paint Articulated Drywall Ceiling $1,920.00 to $3,000.00 $2,485.90Carpet and Pad $17,139.76 to $20,796.67 $18,925.73Paint Doors & Trim (Service Doors and Exits) $390.00 to $897.63 $567.64Millwork Running Trim (refinish - stained hardwood crown, chair, & base) $476.87 to $869.58 $673.23Protect / Remove / Reinstall All Light Fixtures $779.20 to $1,870.07 $1,324.63Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $3,776.08 to $6,478.27 $5,245.08Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $4,559.28 to $5,572.48 $5,065.88





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Ballroom Softgoods Renovation

AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Carpet $8,882.83 to $15,100.82 $11,991.82Paint Articulated Drywall Ceiling $8,208.00 to $12,825.00 $10,627.22Carpet and Pad $53,733.15 to $65,197.55 $59,332.16Paint Doors & Trim $1,300.00 to $2,992.11 $1,892.14Millwork Running Trim (refinish - stained hardwood crown, chair, & base) $1,001.42 to $1,826.12 $1,413.77Protect / Remove / Reinstall All Light Fixtures $1,558.39 to $3,740.14 $2,649.27Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $10,195.42 to $17,491.32 $14,161.73Operable Wall Covering $2,019.79 to $4,300.41 $3,200.60

Ballroom Softgoods Renovation Subtotal $86,899.00 to $123,473.48 $105,268.71Ballroom Softgoods Renovation Cost Per SF $10.16 to $14.44 $12.31

Ballroom - Add for a Full RenovationAVERAGE

Additional Demolition $53,297.00 to $65,732.96 $59,514.98Artwork, Accessories, & Mirrors (allowance, installed) $2,423.65 to $6,500.00 $4,307.88Banquet Chairs $134,662.50 to $164,587.50 $149,625.00Articulated Drywall Ceiling (new) $80,370.00 to $128,250.00 $109,707.19Decorative Lighting $46,791.96 to $95,609.83 $69,775.67Electrical $66,621.25 to $97,711.16 $82,166.21HVAC $39,972.75 to $86,607.62 $63,290.19Life Safety $53,297.00 to $99,931.87 $76,614.43Architectural Lighting $66,621.25 to $128,801.08 $97,711.16Millwork Running Trim (stained hardwood crown, chair, & base) $5,890.72 to $11,781.44 $8,629.79Operable Walls (new, manual) $70,127.63 to $154,280.78 $92,442.08Portable Bars $18,000.00 to $30,000.00 $24,000.00Tables (14" x 72", incl. Meeting Rooms) $15,000.00 to $15,000.00 $15,000.00Tables (72" rounds, incl. Meeting Rooms) $12,900.00 to $12,900.00 $12,900.00AV Infrastructure: Ceiling Speakers and wiring to AV room, CAT 5e cable to light bars, 120V power. Equipment by others. HSIA. Projection screens by others $36,362.47 to $103,892.78 $59,738.35

Ballroom Full Renovation Additional Cost Subtotal $702,338.17 to $1,201,587.03 $925,422.93Ballroom Full Renovation Additional Cost Per SF $82.14 to $140.54 $108.24


AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Carpet $12,363.24 to $21,017.51 $16,690.38Carpet and Pad $74,786.48 to $90,742.79 $82,579.26Paint Articulated Drywall Ceiling $11,424.00 to $17,850.00 $14,791.10Paint Doors & Trim $1,365.00 to $3,141.72 $1,986.75Millwork Running Trim (refinish - stained hardwood crown, chair, & base) $3,115.54 to $5,681.27 $4,398.40Protect / Remove / Reinstall All Light Fixtures $1,090.87 to $2,999.90 $2,045.39Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $21,146.05 to $36,278.29 $29,372.47Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $21,656.58 to $26,469.28 $24,062.93


Assume a ballroom area of approximately 75' x 114' = 8,550 SF with 3 divisions. Ceiling 18' AFF coffered.

Assume 7 meeting rooms with areas approximately 34' x 50' each = 1,700 each; 11,900 SF total. Ceiling 12' AFF coffered.

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Additional Demolition $74,179.45 to $91,487.99 $82,833.72Banquet Chairs $187,425.00 to $229,075.00 $208,250.00Artwork, Accessories, & Mirrors (installed) $4,403.07 to $6,352.71 $5,294.54Articulated Drywall Ceiling (new) $49,452.96 to $143,413.60 $85,358.36Decorative Lighting $23,181.75 to $40,999.81 $32,090.78Electrical $103,851.23 to $142,795.44 $118,455.31HVAC $38,944.21 to $90,869.82 $56,793.64Life Safety $64,907.02 to $142,795.44 $120,077.98Architectural Lighting $92,724.31 to $142,795.44 $123,555.14Millwork Running Trim (stained hardwood crown, chair, & base) $18,326.69 to $36,653.37 $26,848.23Millwork Serving Stations $45,053.11 to $68,725.08 $55,743.67AV Infrastructure: Ceiling Speakers and wiring to AV room, CAT 5e cable to light bars, 120V power. Equipment by others. HSIA. Projection screens built in to ceiling. $18,181.24 to $35,998.85 $27,090.04

Meeting Rooms Full Renovation Additional Cost Subtotal $720,630.02 to $1,171,962.53 $942,391.40Meeting Rooms Full Renovation Additional Cost Per SF $60.56 to $98.48 $79.19

Board Room Softgoods Renovation Assume a single 2-bay Board Room, approximately 26' x 28' or 728 SF. Ceiling 12' AFF coffered.

AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Carpet $756.34 to $1,285.78 $1,021.06Carpet and Pad $4,575.17 to $5,663.97 $5,070.62Paint Articulated Drywall Ceiling $680.71 to $1,058.88 $803.57Paint Doors & Trim $130.00 to $299.21 $189.21Millwork Running Trim (refinish - stained hardwood crown, chair, & base) $286.12 to $521.75 $403.94Protect / Remove / Reinstall All Light Fixtures $77.92 to $214.28 $146.10Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $1,941.98 to $3,331.68 $2,697.47Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $2,279.64 to $2,786.24 $2,532.94Executive Chairs $9,450.00 to $11,550.00 $10,500.00

Board Room Softgoods Renovation Subtotal $20,177.88 to $26,711.79 $23,364.91Board Room Softgoods Renovation Cost Per SF $27.72 to $36.69 $32.09

Board Room - Add for a Full RenovationAVERAGE

Additional Demolition $4,538.04 to $5,596.91 $5,067.47Artwork, Accessories, & Mirrors (installed) $838.68 to $1,210.04 $1,008.48Articulated Drywall Ceiling (new) $3,025.36 to $8,773.54 $5,825.84Decorative Lighting $1,503.99 to $3,494.71 $2,499.35Electrical $7,623.90 to $10,482.86 $8,696.01HVAC $2,382.47 to $5,559.10 $3,474.43Life Safety $3,970.78 to $8,735.72 $7,345.95Architectural Lighting $7,657.94 to $11,793.22 $10,204.20Millwork Running Trim (stained hardwood crown, chair, & base) $1,683.06 to $3,366.13 $2,465.65Millwork Serving Stations $7,723.39 to $11,781.44 $9,556.06Board Room Conference Table $7,200.00 to $8,800.00 $8,000.00

AV Infrastructure: Ceiling Speakers and wiring to AV room, HSIA, CAT 5e to conf. table floor outlet, 120V power. Projection screens built into ceiling. Video conference capable. $10,389.28 to $17,661.77 $14,025.53

Board Room Full Renovation Additional Cost Subtotal $58,536.89 to $97,255.45 $78,168.99Board Room Full Renovation Additional Cost Per SF $80.41 to $133.59 $107.37

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Exercise Facility Softgoods RenovationAssume a three-bay facility of approximately 28' x 39' = 1,092 SF. Ceiling 12' AFF.

AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & floor finish $1,134.51 to $1,928.67 $1,531.59Artwork (installed) $792.71 to $1,015.11 $895.35Clock $64.54 to $113.96 $84.28Hamper $135.00 to $165.00 $150.00Towel Caddy $765.00 to $935.00 $850.00Sport Flooring $11,345.09 to $22,690.18 $16,998.42Mirrors $2,337.59 to $5,064.77 $3,701.18Paint Drywall Ceiling $524.16 to $819.00 $678.65Paint Doors & Trim $260.00 to $598.42 $378.43Remove & Reinstall Exercise Equipment $1,818.12 to $5,090.75 $3,454.44Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $2,409.50 to $4,133.75 $3,416.60Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $2,003.40 to $2,448.60 $2,226.00



Additional Demolition $6,807.06 to $8,395.37 $7,601.21Articulated Drywall Ceiling (new) $4,764.94 to $13,160.31 $9,926.70Exercise Equipment (installed) $55,000.00 to $80,000.00 $67,000.00Electrical $9,529.88 to $13,103.58 $10,870.02HVAC $3,573.70 to $8,338.64 $5,211.65Life Safety $5,956.17 to $13,103.58 $11,018.92Architectural Lighting $8,508.82 to $13,103.58 $11,338.00Millwork Lockers $7,791.96 to $10,700.96 $9,246.46TVs & Mounts (42", incl. programming, allowance) $1,761.68 to $2,057.37 $1,895.54Water Fountain $1,246.71 to $2,337.59 $1,792.15Sound System $1,636.31 to $4,908.93 $3,170.35


Spa Softgoods Renovation

AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Flooring $623.36 to $1,059.71 $841.53Artwork (installed) $3,170.84 to $4,060.44 $3,581.38Hamper $405.00 to $495.00 $450.00Towel Caddy $2,295.00 to $2,805.00 $2,550.00Stone Tile Flooring $3,823.25 to $5,734.88 $4,495.09Wood/Bamboo flooring $9,180.00 to $11,664.00 $10,471.14Mirrors $627.64 to $916.38 $739.87Paint Drywall Ceiling $288.00 to $450.00 $372.88Paint Doors & Trim $260.00 to $598.42 $378.43Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $2,374.07 to $3,136.86 $2,760.69Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $1,139.82 to $1,393.12 $1,266.47Reception Area Upholstered Seating $3,500.00 to $6,000.00 $4,666.67

Spa Softgoods Renovation Subtotal $27,686.99 to $38,313.81 $32,574.16Spa Softgoods Renovation Cost Per SF $46.14 to $63.86 $54.29

Assume a three-bay facility of approximately 600 SF. Ceiling 12' AFF. 3 treatment rooms, 12' x 12' with 168 SF reception. Steam and sauna separate.

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Spa - Add for a Full RenovationAVERAGE

Additional Demolition $3,740.14 to $4,612.84 $4,176.49Articulated Drywall Ceiling (new) $4,392.00 to $9,000.00 $6,583.50Massage Tables $1,050.00 to $1,350.00 $1,200.00Millwork (treatment room area) $9,870.00 to $29,609.44 $19,853.14Millwork (Reception Area) $6,300.00 to $15,930.00 $12,368.95Electrical $5,236.20 to $7,199.77 $5,972.54HVAC $1,963.57 to $4,581.67 $2,863.54Life Safety $3,272.62 to $7,199.77 $6,054.35Architectural Lighting $4,675.18 to $7,199.77 $6,229.67Millwork Lockers $1,168.79 to $1,605.14 $1,386.97Decorative Water Feature $25,973.20 to $51,426.93 $38,700.06Sound System $4,908.93 to $14,726.80 $9,511.06

Spa Full Renovation Additional Cost Subtotal $72,550.63 to $154,442.14 $114,900.27Spa Full Renovation Additional Cost Per SF $120.92 to $257.40 $191.50





AVERAGEADA Lift $7,000.00 to $15,000.00 $11,625.00Architectural Lighting $23,562.88 to $36,286.84 $31,397.54Drywall Ceiling (new, from scaffolding) $11,309.76 to $24,295.95 $15,020.11Paint Doors & Trim $171.42 to $576.60 $327.36Pool Deck Tile $18,950.04 to $25,266.72 $22,053.29Pool Equipment $10,389.28 to $21,298.02 $15,843.65Pool Furniture $9,000.00 to $15,000.00 $12,000.00Pool Pak HVAC $62,834.36 to $84,826.38 $73,830.37Replace Doors (storefront) $1,558.39 to $2,649.27 $2,103.83Resurface Pool Bottom $5,600.00 to $9,600.00 $7,258.09Wall Tile $21,792.55 to $26,380.46 $23,713.56Signage (life safety, pool rules) $1,000.00 to $2,500.00 $1,900.00



Stamped Concrete @ Arrivals $38,959.79 to $66,231.65 $47,543.99Outdoor Furniture $23,400.00 to $28,600.00 $26,000.00Fire Pit $8,000.00 to $20,000.00 $12,207.78Outdoor Lighting $9,869.81 to $46,232.29 $28,051.05Patio Landscaping $11,947.67 to $26,492.66 $19,220.16


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Outdoor Parking




LandscapingAVERAGE




New RFID Key System $623.36 to $986.98 $805.17Tub-to-Stall Shower Conversion $2,815.00 to $5,408.80 $3,723.89Elevator Cab Finishes $12,986.60 to $20,986.34 $16,986.47Elevator Modernization Traction, per Cab $158,955.96 to $214,590.54 $186,773.25Electronic Signage Boards Basic System - one Lobby Screen 42" diag. $15,583.92 to $25,765.41 $20,674.66 Additional Lobby / Prefunction screens $5,194.64 to $8,588.47 $6,891.55 Additional Meeting Room door screen (18" diag) $5,043.99 to $8,437.83 $6,740.91Two Pipe Horizontal Fan Coil Unit Direct Replacement , NIC Finishes $3,116.78 to $4,207.66 $3,753.14Laundry Equipment (Direct equipment replacement with access) 75# Washer $20,778.56 to $31,687.30 $26,232.93 125# Dryer $31,167.84 to $42,076.58 $36,622.21 Ironer / Folder $103,892.78 to $118,437.77 $111,165.28Porte Cochere - Re-image: Demolish and Replace $25,973.20 to $80,516.91 $53,245.05Guestroom ADA Modifications Bathtub room $20,518.82 to $28,726.35 $23,030.50 Roll-in Shower room $23,012.25 to $29,869.18 $26,432.71Exterior Signage - Monument - new graphics on existing sign $15,583.92 to $22,856.41 $19,220.16Exterior Signage - New Exterior Brand sign in existing location $41,557.11 to $52,465.86 $47,011.48Power operated bi-parting Entrance doors (inner and outer at a vestibule) $28,000.00 to $35,700.00 $30,758.39Fireplace, natural gas with stone hearth and surrounding wall, public area $7,128.00 to $12,500.00 $9,541.29

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Assume 486 spaces, 9' x 19', and 25' wide aisles (1.6 spaces per room to accommodate meeting attendance).RANGE

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UPPER UPSCALE



AVERAGEDemolition $207.79 to $415.57 $300.34FF&E Installation $178.50 to $408.00 $286.10Artwork, Mirrors & Accessories (installed package) $759.52 to $961.14 $857.95Full-height Framed Dressing Mirror $114.17 to $185.72 $145.93Bed Scarf $217.76 to $266.15 $241.95Bed Skirt or Box Spring Cover $234.23 to $286.28 $260.25Decorative Pillow $87.75 to $107.25 $97.50Carpet and Pad $812.00 to $1,149.09 $1,031.38Desk Lamp $107.07 to $130.87 $118.97Floor Lamp $97.34 to $150.00 $118.50End Table Lamp $97.34 to $140.00 $115.16Nightstand or Bracket Lamp (2) $292.01 to $356.90 $324.45Welcome Light (in existing location) $189.67 to $252.60 $215.31Desk Chair (incl Fabric) $285.24 to $348.62 $316.93Lounge Chair (incl Fabric) $500.85 to $612.15 $556.50Dining Chair (incl Fabric) $385.66 to $471.36 $428.51Ottoman (incl Fabric) $235.40 to $287.72 $261.56Sleeper Sofa (incl. fabric) $1,207.05 to $1,475.29 $1,341.17Paint Textured or Drywall Ceiling $280.51 to $374.01 $349.82Paint Trim (base & crown) $188.88 to $393.90 $300.62Paint Entry Doors, Closet Doors, Frames and Grilles $225.00 to $387.44 $314.06Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $836.13 to $1,565.13 $1,266.86Window Treatments (Sheer, Blackout, Hardware installed) $839.52 to $1,026.08 $932.80



Casegoods Installation $50.00 to $100.00 $76.88Bedsets (Box Spring, Mattress and Frame) $931.50 to $1,138.50 $1,035.00Headboard $1,095.03 to $1,338.36 $1,216.70Nightstands $353.10 to $431.58 $392.34Dresser $730.02 to $892.24 $811.13Desk $681.35 to $832.76 $757.05Side Table $243.34 to $297.42 $270.38Coffee Table $119.34 to $145.86 $132.60Closet Shelf Unit $130.31 to $230.39 $172.52Refrigerator Cabinet (case piece only) $511.01 to $624.57 $567.79Mini Refrigerator $450.00 to $450.00 $450.00Welcome Center / Coffee Niche $714.26 to $818.16 $779.20Crown Molding $629.59 to $1,076.66 $825.85Drapery Valance - Painted wood $311.68 to $467.52 $370.12Wall Base $1,089.95 to $1,573.98 $1,349.41Entry Area Hard Surface Flooring $1,163.60 to $1,672.67 $1,325.47TV & Mount (HD LCD, incl. programming, allowance) $477.92 to $692.07 $567.00Connection Device (jack pack) $99.20 to $138.00 $111.16


Assume typical guestroom area of approximately 15' wide x 24' long, plus 8' x 8' bathroom and 7' x 8' entry / closet area = 472 SF. Ceilings 9'-0" AFF. Painted drywall.RANGE

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UPPER UPSCALE Prototype Hotel: 192 guestrooms, 25 suites, 7 stories (6 with guestrooms), 31 bays/floorOther assumptions and allowances are listed in each section below

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Demolition $55.00 to $150.00 $100.34Artwork (installed) $79.92 to $105.76 $92.76Lighted Mirror $705.84 to $950.00 $839.86Makeup Mirror $173.31 to $233.17 $203.69Night Light $67.53 to $98.70 $81.90Towel Caddy $191.93 to $255.95 $224.49Paint Ceiling $30.72 to $44.80 $36.17Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $246.61 to $475.10 $328.03Shower Curtain and Hooks $67.16 to $82.08 $74.62Curved Shower Rod $56.50 to $125.00 $79.26Paint Door & Trim $103.89 to $207.79 $142.63Regrout Floor Tile $92.80 to $249.34 $173.15Regrout Wall Tile $101.50 to $291.20 $219.71



Additional Demolition $463.62 to $1,500.00 $876.31Architectural Lighting $250.00 to $400.00 $316.24Replace Bathroom Door & Hardware $623.36 to $779.20 $694.62Electrical Upgrades (add one GFI outlet) $103.89 to $155.84 $139.95Shower Valve & Head, Tub Diverter, Tub Drain $519.46 to $690.89 $593.22Tub Surround $795.00 to $1,625.00 $1,213.50Lavatory $415.57 to $727.25 $578.58Faucet (and connections) $831.14 to $1,246.71 $1,048.33Vanity Top $1,059.71 to $1,371.38 $1,215.55Vanity Base $1,032.00 to $1,350.61 $1,133.79Toilet Accessories $357.53 to $587.94 $447.44Tile Flooring $576.00 to $660.96 $626.39TV & Mount (17" HD LCD, incl. programming, allowance) $455.00 to $520.00 $485.40Toilet $519.46 to $623.36 $569.39


CorridorsPer room with each unit 15' long and half of a 6'-wide corridor; 31 bays per floor.

AVERAGEDemolition $74.57 to $100.28 $84.85Artwork (installed) $25.69 to $35.49 $30.19Carpet and Pad $339.82 to $409.37 $372.47Millwork Base $99.00 to $144.00 $115.85Ceiling Mounted Lighting $216.05 to $263.17 $240.18Sconces $213.22 to $258.86 $237.14Elevator Lobby Furniture (allowance) $78.59 to $96.05 $87.32Vending Area Floor Tile $33.03 to $37.90 $35.98Ice Machine $178.38 to $222.12 $200.77Millwork (allowance for elevator lobby) $23.46 to $35.19 $29.32Paint Ceiling $25.99 to $43.31 $34.57Signage Package (Room Numbers, Way Finding, Complete) $140.63 to $182.29 $162.24Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $158.93 to $291.09 $236.80Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $38.78 to $47.39 $43.08


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UPPER UPSCALEPrototype Hotel: 192 guestrooms, 25 suites, 7 stories (6 with guestrooms), 31 bays/floorOther assumptions and allowances are listed in each section below

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AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Carpet $5,984.22 to $8,477.65 $7,073.20Artwork and Artifacts (installed) $6,500.00 to $12,000.00 $9,000.00Area Rugs $7,000.00 to $10,000.00 $8,500.00Millwork (refinish) $2,077.86 to $2,805.11 $2,441.48Millwork Screen Walls (refinish) $3,116.78 to $4,571.28 $3,844.03Paint Drywall Ceiling $4,838.40 to $8,477.65 $6,704.51Paint Doors & Trim $580.00 to $1,000.00 $802.95Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54", 40% openings) $3,449.60 to $5,399.68 $4,539.80Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $12,020.40 to $14,691.60 $13,356.00Seating Groups $7,500.00 to $12,000.00 $9,750.00Admin/BOH Office Finishes (Carpet, Paint only) $2,081.91 to $4,264.55 $3,173.23Employee Dining Finishes (VCT, Paint only) $1,558.39 to $3,194.70 $2,376.55Employee Restroom Finishes (VCT, Paint only) $2,597.32 to $4,779.07 $3,688.19





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AVERAGEDemolition $785.43 to $1,570.86 $1,119.24Artwork and Artifacts (installed) $1,425.06 to $1,894.08 $1,626.06Framed Mirrors $2,356.33 to $3,237.70 $2,786.77Paint Drywall Ceiling $1,451.52 to $2,543.30 $2,011.35Paint Doors & Trim $464.00 to $840.00 $667.36Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $5,519.36 to $8,451.75 $7,193.29Decorative Vanity Lighting $11,847.40 to $14,544.70 $13,233.69






AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Carpet $7,106.27 to $10,422.52 $8,764.40Artwork (installed) $4,515.00 to $5,564.58 $5,032.99Carpet and Pad (80% of floor area) $24,312.31 to $29,973.38 $27,072.28Millwork Buffet, Host Station (refinish) $5,298.53 to $9,662.03 $7,480.28Millwork Screen Walls (refinish) $2,077.86 to $5,714.10 $3,895.98Millwork Running Trim (refinish - hardwood crown, chair, & base) $1,271.65 to $2,161.80 $1,716.72Reupholster Banquettes $11,700.00 to $14,300.00 $13,000.00Paint Drywall Ceiling $4,596.48 to $8,053.77 $6,571.29Paint Doors & Trim $580.00 to $1,100.00 $834.20Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54", 40% openings) $3,882.42 to $6,193.04 $5,214.30Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $28,000.00 to $35,200.00 $31,200.00Dining Chairs - with Arms $78,750.00 to $105,000.00 $93,333.33Dining Chairs - no Arms $7,512.80 to $9,182.40 $8,347.60


Restaurant Softgoods Renovation Cost Per Seat $921.04 to $1,243.73 $1,089.56

The public restrooms costs and quantities are based on 1,440 SF restrooms. Ceiling 12' AFF. Four restrooms, each with 5 lavs and 7 fixtures.

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Additional Demolition $14,212.53 to $22,503.18 $18,357.85Banquettes (base only) $8,000.00 to $14,000.00 $11,250.00Buffet Equipment $31,167.84 to $74,802.80 $52,985.32Decorative Lighting $30,015.90 to $39,602.70 $34,293.68Architectural Lighting $49,743.86 to $74,615.80 $57,827.24Electrical $39,795.09 to $54,718.25 $45,391.28Hard Surface Flooring (20% of floor area ) $15,166.56 to $21,888.00 $17,769.18HVAC $18,950.04 to $44,769.48 $35,501.72Life Safety $24,871.93 to $59,692.64 $51,609.26Millwork Buffet, Host Station (new, in existing location) $52,132.88 to $79,524.73 $64,503.39Millwork Screen Walls (new) $25,973.20 to $32,154.82 $29,064.01Millwork Running Trim (hardwood crown, chair, & base) $4,238.83 to $11,444.83 $7,552.30Articulated Drywall Ceiling (new) $42,864.00 to $67,260.00 $57,370.50Sound System $4,908.93 to $14,726.80 $9,511.06Tables $19,500.00 to $26,000.00 $22,750.00Drywall Partitions $12,284.12 to $18,872.02 $15,067.59



Bar / Lounge Softgoods RenovationAssume a 70-seat bar / lounge area of approximately 30' x 40' = 1,200 SF. Ceiling 12' AFF.

AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Carpet $1,870.07 to $2,742.77 $2,306.42Artwork, Accessories, & Mirrors (installed) $4,014.02 to $4,952.27 $4,480.22Bar / Back Bar (refinish) $4,415.44 to $8,051.69 $6,233.57Carpet and Pad (60%) $4,760.64 to $5,869.16 $5,300.97Millwork Running Trim (refinish) $654.52 to $1,112.69 $883.61Paint Drywall Ceiling $576.00 to $900.00 $745.77Paint Doors & Trim $130.00 to $299.21 $189.21Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $3,330.51 to $5,312.66 $4,473.05Reupholster Banquettes $11,700.00 to $14,300.00 $13,000.00Dining Chairs - with Arms $2,554.20 to $3,121.80 $2,838.00Dining Chairs - no Arms $21,035.84 to $25,710.72 $23,373.28Bar Stools $5,258.96 to $6,427.68 $5,843.32


Bar / Lounge Softgoods Renovation Cost Per Seat $861.43 to $1,125.72 $995.25

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Additional Demolition $3,740.14 to $5,921.89 $4,831.01Bar / Back Bar (new in existing location) $54,305.08 to $73,634.01 $65,389.92Bar Equipment $37,401.40 to $57,037.14 $47,219.27Articulated Drywall Ceiling (new) $4,986.85 to $14,461.88 $9,603.04Banquettes $11,680.00 to $20,778.56 $16,758.28Chef's Table Chairs $4,507.68 to $5,509.44 $5,008.56Chef's Table $20,778.56 to $40,491.53 $29,702.66Decorative Lighting $16,008.48 to $21,121.44 $18,289.96Electrical $10,472.39 to $14,399.54 $11,945.07Hard Surface Flooring (40%) $7,680.00 to $11,520.00 $9,154.68HVAC $4,986.85 to $11,781.44 $9,342.56Life Safety $6,545.25 to $15,708.59 $13,581.38Architectural Lighting $13,090.49 to $19,635.74 $15,217.70Millwork Running Trim (stained hardwood crown, chair, & base) $2,181.75 to $5,890.72 $3,887.21Other Seating & Tables (allowance) $6,000.00 to $8,000.00 $7,000.00Sound System $7,363.40 to $22,090.20 $14,266.59TVs - 42" LCD HD $3,523.36 to $4,114.75 $3,791.08Tables $3,961.32 to $4,841.64 $4,401.48Drywall Partitions $10,537.85 to $17,136.00 $13,043.97



KitchenAssume a kitchen area of approximately 60' x 70' = 4,200 SF.

AVERAGESelective Demolition $22,908.36 to $36,653.37 $29,780.87Vinyl-coated Tile Ceiling (2' x 4' tiles & new grid) $25,200.00 to $34,272.00 $30,528.75Fluorescent Lighting (2' x 4') $11,454.18 to $22,908.36 $16,608.56Paint Door Frames & Trim $910.00 to $2,094.48 $1,324.50Paint Walls $1,075.20 to $1,680.00 $1,392.10Quarry Tile Flooring $54,543.71 to $76,041.00 $64,919.71Replace Doors $9,454.24 to $21,350.00 $15,442.16Kydex-paneled Walls $1,454.50 to $3,360.00 $2,386.81





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Prefunction Softgoods RenovationAssume a prefunction area of approximately 25' x 48', 1,200 SF. Ceiling 12' AFF coffered.

AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Carpet $1,870.07 to $2,742.77 $2,306.42Paint Articulated Drywall Ceiling $1,152.00 to $1,800.00 $1,491.54Carpet and Pad $10,905.64 to $13,445.00 $12,143.67Paint Doors & Trim (Service Doors and Exits) $390.00 to $897.63 $567.64Millwork Running Trim (refinish - stained hardwood crown, chair, & base) $682.58 to $1,160.38 $921.48Protect / Remove / Reinstall All Light Fixtures $1,558.39 to $3,376.52 $2,467.45Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $3,557.47 to $5,859.16 $4,803.96Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $6,006.20 to $7,340.92 $6,673.56







Ballroom Softgoods Renovation Subtotal $57,385.28 to $83,560.05 $70,452.80Ballroom Softgoods Renovation Cost Per SF $12.75 to $18.57 $15.66

Assume a ballroom area of approximately 50' x 90' = 4,500 SF with 3 divisions. Ceiling 18' AFF coffered.RANGE

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Additional Demolition $37,401.40 to $43,946.65 $40,674.02Artwork, Accessories, & Mirrors (allowance, installed) $3,999.02 to $7,500.00 $5,314.12Banquet Chairs $74,925.00 to $91,575.00 $83,250.00Articulated Drywall Ceiling (new) $42,300.00 to $67,500.00 $57,740.63Decorative Lighting $27,291.96 to $66,609.83 $44,109.00Electrical $44,414.16 to $68,958.84 $56,686.50HVAC $21,038.29 to $45,582.96 $33,310.62Life Safety $28,051.05 to $52,595.72 $40,323.39Architectural Lighting $46,751.75 to $87,659.54 $67,205.64Millwork Running Trim (stained hardwood crown, chair, & base) $4,363.50 to $11,781.44 $7,774.42Operable Walls (new, manual) $46,751.75 to $102,853.86 $61,628.05Portable Bars $16,000.00 to $24,000.00 $20,000.00Tables (14" x 72", incl. Meeting Rooms) $12,000.00 to $12,000.00 $12,000.00Tables (72" rounds, incl. Meeting Rooms) $10,750.00 to $10,750.00 $10,750.00AV Infrastructure: Ceiling Speakers and wiring to AV room, CAT 5e cable to light bars, 120V power. Equipment by others. HSIA. Projection screens by others $25,973.20 to $93,503.51 $50,647.73

Ballroom Full Renovation Additional Cost Subtotal $442,011.08 to $786,817.33 $591,414.14 Ballroom Full Renovation Additional Cost Per SF $98.22 to $174.85 $131.43


AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Carpet $13,090.49 to $19,199.39 $16,144.94Carpet and Pad $55,982.29 to $69,017.66 $62,337.50Paint Articulated Drywall Ceiling $8,064.00 to $12,600.00 $10,440.78Paint Doors & Trim $1,365.00 to $3,141.72 $1,986.75Millwork Running Trim (refinish - stained hardwood crown, chair, & base) $4,581.67 to $7,788.84 $6,185.26Protect / Remove / Reinstall All Light Fixtures $1,090.87 to $2,999.90 $2,045.39Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $20,467.63 to $33,710.26 $27,639.20Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $25,526.35 to $31,198.91 $28,362.63Operable Wall Covering $8,760.24 to $17,545.60 $13,304.11

Meeting Rooms Softgoods Renovation Subtotal $138,928.54 to $197,202.27 $168,446.54 Meeting Rooms Softgoods Renovation Cost Per SF $16.54 to $23.48 $20.05


Additional Demolition $69,815.95 to $82,033.74 $75,924.85Banquet Chairs $139,860.00 to $170,940.00 $155,400.00Artwork, Accessories, & Mirrors (installed) $5,425.14 to $7,602.00 $6,430.22Articulated Drywall Ceiling (new) $34,907.98 to $101,233.13 $60,252.96Decorative Lighting $23,181.75 to $40,999.81 $32,090.78Electrical $73,306.75 to $100,796.78 $83,615.51HVAC $34,907.98 to $82,470.09 $65,397.91Life Safety $45,816.72 to $109,960.12 $95,069.69Architectural Lighting $91,633.44 to $137,450.15 $106,523.87Millwork Running Trim (stained hardwood crown, chair, & base) $15,272.24 to $41,235.05 $27,210.48Millwork Serving Stations $49,634.78 to $72,543.14 $61,804.84Operable Walls (new, manual) $134,820.00 to $170,176.38 $152,351.92AV Infrastructure: Ceiling Speakers and wiring to AV room, CAT 5e cable to light bars, 120V power. Equipment by others. HSIA. Projection screens built in to ceiling. $18,181.24 to $35,998.85 $27,090.04

Meeting Rooms Full Renovation Additional Cost Subtotal $736,763.94 to $1,153,439.23 $949,163.06 Meeting Rooms Full Renovation Additional Cost Per SF $87.71 to $137.31 $113.00

Assume 7 meeting rooms with areas approximately 30' x 40' each = 1,200 SF each; 8,400 SF total. Ceiling 12' AFF coffered.

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Board Room Softgoods Renovation

AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Carpet $2,269.02 to $3,327.89 $2,798.46Carpet and Pad $9,703.60 to $11,963.06 $10,833.33Paint Articulated Drywall Ceiling $680.71 to $1,058.88 $803.57Paint Doors & Trim $260.00 to $598.42 $378.43Millwork Running Trim (refinish - stained hardwood crown, chair, & base) $1,009.84 to $1,716.72 $1,363.28Protect / Remove / Reinstall All Light Fixtures $155.84 to $428.56 $292.20Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $4,511.23 to $7,430.02 $6,091.90Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $3,003.10 to $3,670.46 $3,336.78Executive Chairs $18,900.00 to $23,100.00 $21,000.00



Additional Demolition $12,101.43 to $14,219.18 $13,160.31Artwork, Accessories, & Mirrors (installed) $1,994.72 to $2,896.00 $2,425.61Articulated Drywall Ceiling (new) $6,050.72 to $17,547.08 $11,651.69Decorative Lighting $4,088.18 to $9,394.81 $6,741.50Electrical $15,247.80 to $20,965.73 $17,392.03HVAC $6,050.72 to $14,294.82 $11,335.64Life Safety $7,941.56 to $19,059.75 $16,478.75Architectural Lighting $21,442.22 to $32,163.34 $24,926.59Millwork Running Trim (stained hardwood crown, chair, & base) $3,366.13 to $9,088.54 $5,997.41Millwork Serving Stations $17,017.64 to $24,871.93 $21,190.23Board Room Conference Table $17,100.00 to $20,900.00 $19,000.00AV Infrastructure: Ceiling Speakers and wiring to AV room, HSIA, CAT 5e to conf. table floor outlet, 120V power. Projection screens built into ceiling. Video conference capable. $20,778.56 to $35,323.55 $28,051.79

Board Room Full Renovation Additional Cost Subtotal $133,179.68 to $220,724.72 $178,350.79Board Room Full Renovation Additional Cost Per SF $91.47 to $151.60 $122.49

Exercise Facility Softgoods RenovationAssume a four-bay facility of approximately 28' x 52' = 1,456 SF. Ceiling 12' AFF.

AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & floor finish $2,269.02 to $3,327.89 $2,798.46Artwork (installed) $890.04 to $1,134.08 $1,003.50Clock $64.54 to $113.96 $84.28Hamper $135.00 to $165.00 $150.00Towel Caddy $765.00 to $935.00 $850.00Sport Flooring $20,118.63 to $37,816.97 $24,555.41Mirrors $4,675.18 to $10,129.55 $7,402.36Paint Drywall Ceiling $698.88 to $1,092.00 $904.87Paint Doors & Trim $390.00 to $897.63 $567.64Remove & Reinstall Exercise Equipment $3,116.78 to $6,389.41 $4,753.09Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $3,341.65 to $5,503.72 $4,595.79Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $2,203.76 to $2,693.48 $2,448.61


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AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Flooring $1,580.21 to $2,317.64 $1,948.92Artwork (installed) $6,230.28 to $7,938.56 $7,024.47Hamper $810.00 to $990.00 $900.00Towel Caddy $4,590.00 to $5,610.00 $5,100.00Stone Tile Flooring $3,584.30 to $5,376.45 $4,214.15Wood/Bamboo flooring $18,360.00 to $23,328.00 $20,942.28Mirrors $1,547.31 to $2,189.70 $1,804.22Paint Drywall Ceiling $486.72 to $760.50 $630.18Paint Doors & Trim $455.00 to $1,047.24 $662.25Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $5,075.62 to $6,609.16 $5,851.40Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $1,501.55 to $1,835.23 $1,668.39Reception Area Upholstered seating $6,500.00 to $12,000.00 $8,833.33



Additional Demolition $8,427.78 to $9,902.64 $9,165.21Articulated Drywall Ceiling (new) $7,422.48 to $15,210.00 $11,126.12Massage Tables $2,100.00 to $2,700.00 $2,400.00Millwork (treatment room area) $19,740.00 to $59,218.89 $39,706.27Millwork (Reception Area) $6,300.00 to $15,930.00 $12,368.95Electrical $8,849.17 to $12,167.61 $10,093.59HVAC $4,213.89 to $9,955.32 $7,894.46Life Safety $5,530.73 to $13,273.76 $11,476.27Architectural Lighting $11,061.46 to $16,592.20 $12,858.95Millwork Lockers $2,960.94 to $3,833.64 $3,397.29Decorative Water Feature $25,973.20 to $51,426.93 $38,700.06Sound System $7,363.40 to $22,090.20 $14,266.59Sauna $10,389.28 to $38,440.33 $23,347.48Steam Room $22,000.00 to $38,440.33 $31,298.08

Spa Full Renovation Additional Cost Subtotal $142,332.34 to $309,181.85 $228,099.34Spa Full Renovation Additional Cost Per SF $140.37 to $304.91 $224.95

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Assume a three-bay facility of approximately 1,014 SF. Ceiling 12' AFF. 6 treatment rooms 12' x 12', 150 SF reception area. Steam and sauna separate.

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Outdoor PoolAssume a 1,500 SF (30' x 50') pool and a 15' wide deck, approx. 3,300 SF surface.



Indoor PoolAssume a 1,500 SF (30' x 50') pool and a 12' wide deck, approx. 2,496 SF surface.

AVERAGEADA Lift $7,000.00 to $15,000.00 $11,625.00Architectural Lighting $49,678.41 to $74,517.62 $57,751.15Drywall Ceiling (new, from scaffolding) $17,031.96 to $36,588.54 $22,619.56Paint Doors & Trim $228.56 to $768.81 $436.48Pool Deck Tile $23,936.90 to $31,915.86 $27,856.79Pool Equipment $15,583.92 to $30,128.91 $22,856.41Pool Furniture $9,000.00 to $15,000.00 $12,000.00Pool Pak HVAC $94,625.55 to $127,744.49 $111,185.02Replace Doors (storefront) $1,558.39 to $2,649.27 $2,103.83Resurface Pool Bottom $10,500.00 to $18,000.00 $13,608.92Wall Tile $26,530.06 to $32,115.34 $28,868.69Decorative Water Feature (allowance) $25,973.20 to $51,426.93 $38,700.06Signage (life safety, pool rules) $1,000.00 to $2,500.00 $1,900.00



Stamped Concrete @ Arrivals $50,647.73 to $86,101.14 $61,807.18Outdoor Furniture $27,800.00 to $46,200.00 $38,666.67Fire Pit $8,000.00 to $20,000.00 $12,207.78Outdoor Lighting $10,389.28 to $46,751.75 $28,570.52Patio Landscaping $11,947.67 to $26,492.66 $19,220.16Water Feature $67,530.31 to $83,633.69 $76,166.40Outdoor Audio System $6,545.25 to $13,090.49 $10,226.95


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Outdoor ParkingTypically, hotels in this market segment do not have outdoor parking.

Indoor, Underground ParkingAssume 347 parking spaces, 9' x 18', and 25'-wide aisles.

AVERAGEConcrete Sealer & Traffic-bearing Membrane $292,011.45 to $419,766.45 $355,888.95Lighting Upgrades $5,194.64 to $10,649.01 $7,921.82Paint Floors, Columns, etc. $10,389.28 to $21,298.02 $15,843.65Stripe Spaces $6,264.00 to $13,920.00 $9,004.50

Indoor, Underground Parking Subtotal $313,859.36 to $465,633.49 $388,658.92Indoor, Underground Parking Cost Per Space $904.49 to $1,341.88 $1,120.05

LandscapingAVERAGE




New RFID Key System $727.25 to $1,090.87 $909.06Tub-to-Stall Shower Conversion $3,315.00 to $5,408.80 $4,055.61Elevator Cab Finishes $18,181.24 to $30,544.48 $24,362.86Elevator Modernization Traction, per Cab $130,904.91 to $174,176.25 $152,540.58Escalator Modernization $311,678.35 to $529,853.20 $420,765.77Electronic Signage Boards Basic System - one Lobby Screen 42" diag. $15,583.92 to $25,765.41 $20,674.66 Additional Lobby / Prefunction screens $5,194.64 to $8,588.47 $6,891.55 Additional Meeting Room door screen (18" diag) $7,791.96 to $10,337.33 $9,064.65Four Pipe Vertical Fan Coil Unit Direct Replacement with drywall repair $4,155.71 to $5,246.59 $4,787.20Laundry Equipment (Direct equipment replacement with access) 75# Washer $20,778.56 to $31,687.30 $26,232.93 125# Dryer $31,167.84 to $42,076.58 $36,622.21 Ironer / Folder $103,892.78 to $118,437.77 $111,165.28Porte Cochere - Re-image: Demolish and Replace $36,362.47 to $90,906.19 $63,634.33Guestroom ADA Modifications Bathtub room $24,000.00 to $34,856.03 $27,721.65 Roll-in Shower room $26,500.00 to $35,998.85 $29,436.88Exterior Signage - Monument - new graphics on existing sign $15,583.92 to $22,856.41 $19,220.16Exterior Signage - New Exterior Brand sign in existing location $41,557.11 to $52,465.86 $47,011.48Power operated bi-parting Entrance doors (inner and outer at a vestibule) $28,000.00 to $35,700.00 $30,758.39

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AVERAGEDemolition $311.68 to $725.00 $497.55FF&E Installation $178.50 to $408.00 $286.10Artwork, Mirrors & Accessories (installed package) $927.32 to $1,176.10 $1,046.68Full-height Framed Dressing Mirror $199.06 to $271.46 $235.81Bed Scarf $262.94 to $321.38 $292.16Decorative Pillow $87.75 to $107.25 $97.50Carpet and Pad $1,166.39 to $1,415.63 $1,294.47Desk Lamp $129.29 to $158.02 $143.65Floor Lamp $121.67 to $250.00 $168.95End Table Lamp $235.06 to $500.00 $332.08Nightstand or Bracket Lamp (2) $185.12 to $450.00 $280.27Welcome Light (in existing location) $414.90 to $576.64 $494.43Desk Chair (incl Fabric) $344.42 to $420.96 $382.69Lounge Chair (incl Fabric) $1,209.56 to $1,478.36 $1,343.96Dining Chair (incl Fabric) $465.68 to $569.16 $517.42Ottoman (incl Fabric) $568.50 to $694.82 $631.66Sleeper Sofa (incl. fabric) $1,388.27 to $1,696.77 $1,542.52Paint Textured or Drywall Ceiling $339.11 to $635.82 $435.90Paint Trim (base & crown) $425.10 to $706.32 $604.95Paint Entry Doors, Closet Doors, Frames and Grilles $450.00 to $774.88 $628.11Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $1,003.12 to $1,812.47 $1,479.16Window Treatments (Sheer, Blackout, Hardware installed) $2,089.26 to $2,553.54 $2,321.40



Casegoods Installation $50.00 to $100.00 $76.88Bedsets (Box Spring, Mattress and Frame) $931.50 to $1,138.50 $1,035.00Headboard $1,322.25 to $1,616.07 $1,469.16Nightstands $815.54 to $996.77 $906.15Dresser $1,763.00 to $2,154.76 $1,958.88Desk $822.73 to $1,005.55 $914.14Side Table $587.66 to $718.26 $652.96Coffee Table $288.22 to $352.26 $320.24Credenza $617.05 to $754.17 $685.61Closet Shelf Unit $623.36 to $831.14 $728.55Refrigerator Cabinet (case piece only) $617.05 to $754.17 $685.61Mini Refrigerator $450.00 to $450.00 $450.00Welcome Center / Coffee Niche $986.98 to $1,142.82 $1,071.39Crown Molding $679.46 to $1,161.94 $891.26Drapery Valance - Painted wood $529.85 to $706.47 $613.07Wall Base $1,176.28 to $2,264.86 $1,612.00Entry Area Hard Surface Flooring $1,818.12 to $2,181.75 $2,006.75TV & Mount (HD LCD, incl. programming, allowance) $930.00 to $1,384.14 $1,129.64Connection Device (jack pack) $198.40 to $276.00 $222.32


Assume typical guestroom area of approximately 17' wide x 24' long, plus 10' x 10' (5-fixture) bathroom and 7' x 10' entry / closet area = 578 SF. Ceilings 9'=0" AFF. Painted drywall and coffered.

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LUXURY Prototype Hotel: 200 guestrooms, 20 suites, 6 stories (5 with guestrooms), 37 bays/floorOther assumptions and allowances are listed in each section below

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Demolition $110.00 to $300.00 $200.67Artwork (installed) $206.18 to $268.16 $237.02Lighted Mirror $1,411.68 to $1,900.00 $1,679.72Makeup Mirror $189.18 to $252.58 $221.33Night Light $67.53 to $98.70 $81.90Towel Caddy $280.92 to $377.87 $324.68Paint Ceiling $48.00 to $70.00 $56.52Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $421.85 to $788.61 $553.61Shower Curtain and Hooks $67.16 to $82.08 $74.62Curved Shower Rod $56.50 to $125.00 $79.26Paint Door & Trim $103.89 to $207.79 $142.63Regrout Floor Tile $116.00 to $311.68 $216.44Regrout Wall Tile $101.50 to $291.20 $219.71



Additional Demolition $490.89 to $1,500.00 $883.13Architectural Lighting $250.00 to $400.00 $316.24Replace Bathroom Door & Hardware $779.20 to $1,038.93 $927.80Electrical Upgrades (add one GFI outlet) $103.89 to $155.84 $139.95Glass Shower Enclosure (2 panels, 1 door) $1,558.39 to $3,636.25 $2,633.90Shower Valve & Head, Tub Diverter, Tub Drain $1,246.71 to $1,454.50 $1,351.96Tub Surround $795.00 to $1,625.00 $1,213.50Lavatory $623.36 to $831.14 $688.47Faucet (and connections) $1,246.71 to $2,077.86 $1,623.32Vanity Top $1,412.94 to $1,828.51 $1,620.73Vanity Base $1,400.00 to $1,796.31 $1,570.78Toilet Accessories $402.23 to $661.44 $511.05Tile Flooring $1,818.12 to $2,909.00 $2,363.56TV & Mount (17" HD LCD, incl. programming, allowance) $455.00 to $520.00 $485.40Toilet $623.36 to $831.14 $715.30Bidet $415.57 to $1,038.93 $655.82


CorridorsPer room with each unit 17' long and half of a 6'-wide corridor; 37 bays per floor.

AVERAGEDemolition $84.51 to $113.65 $96.17Artwork (installed) $33.12 to $47.35 $40.23Carpet and Pad $393.22 to $488.24 $443.45Millwork Base $163.20 to $249.70 $205.01Ceiling Mounted Lighting $233.55 to $283.49 $258.52Sconces $243.90 to $294.06 $268.98Elevator Lobby Furniture (allowance) $75.72 to $92.55 $84.14Vending Area Floor Tile $70.20 to $112.32 $91.26Ice Machine $149.46 to $186.10 $168.22Millwork (allowance for elevator lobby) $25.27 to $35.10 $30.19Paint Ceiling $29.45 to $49.09 $39.18Signage Package (Room Numbers, Way Finding, Complete) $270.00 to $350.00 $311.50Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $195.36 to $348.52 $285.30Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $37.36 to $45.66 $41.51


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LUXURYPrototype Hotel: 200 guestrooms, 20 suites, 6 stories (5 with guestrooms), 37 bays/floorOther assumptions and allowances are listed in each section below

Lobby Softgoods RenovationArea costs and quantities are based on a 4,000 SF area. Ceiling 12' AFF, coffered.

AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Carpet $4,986.85 to $7,064.71 $5,894.34Artwork and Artifacts (installed) $10,000.00 to $50,000.00 $28,333.33Area Rugs $30,000.00 to $60,000.00 $42,000.00Millwork (refinish) $4,155.71 to $5,506.32 $4,792.05Millwork Screen Walls (refinish) $9,350.35 to $13,402.17 $11,259.38Paint Drywall Ceiling $4,032.00 to $7,064.71 $5,587.09Paint Doors & Trim $870.00 to $1,500.00 $1,204.43Vinyl Wall covering (LY 54", 40% openings) $3,407.89 to $5,171.17 $4,387.42Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $16,588.20 to $20,274.36 $18,431.28Seating Groups $14,000.00 to $20,000.00 $17,000.00Admin/BOH Office Finishes (Carpet, Paint only) $2,081.91 to $4,264.55 $3,173.23Employee Dining Finishes (VCT, Paint only) $1,558.39 to $3,194.70 $2,376.55Employee Restroom Finishes (VCT, Paint only) $2,597.32 to $4,779.07 $3,688.19




Lobby Full Renovation Additional Cost Subtotal $658,091.54 to $1,105,103.54 $872,466.36Lobby Full Renovation Additional Cost Per SF $164.52 to $276.28 $218.12


AVERAGEDemolition $1,047.24 to $2,094.48 $1,492.32Artwork and Artifacts (installed) $1,629.42 to $2,143.88 $1,853.14Framed Mirrors $2,684.83 to $3,639.20 $3,151.77Paint Drywall Ceiling $2,903.04 to $5,086.59 $4,022.70Paint Doors & Trim $464.00 to $840.00 $667.36Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $6,414.85 to $9,546.24 $8,188.27Decorative Vanity Lighting $35,570.00 to $65,761.30 $50,703.29


The public restrooms costs and quantities are based on 1,920 SF restrooms. Ceiling 12' AFF, coffered. Four restrooms, each with 5 lavs and 7 fixtures, upgraded.

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0Restaurant Softgoods RenovationAssume a 120-seat restaurant area of approximately 32' x 100' = 3,200 SF. Ceiling 12' AFF, coffered.

AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Carpet $6,649.14 to $8,976.34 $7,812.74Artwork (installed) $4,843.81 to $5,966.45 $5,398.33Carpet and Pad (80% of floor area) $18,666.05 to $23,570.47 $21,175.17Millwork Buffet, Host Station (refinish) $6,233.57 to $10,597.06 $8,415.32Millwork Screen Walls (refinish) $4,675.18 to $9,402.30 $7,038.74Millwork Running Trim (refinish - hardwood crown, chair, & base) $1,234.25 to $2,098.22 $1,666.23Reupholster Banquettes $13,500.00 to $16,500.00 $15,000.00Paint Drywall Ceiling $3,225.60 to $5,651.77 $4,611.43Paint Doors & Trim $696.00 to $1,320.00 $1,001.04Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54", 40% openings) $4,342.84 to $6,714.05 $5,699.56Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $43,514.64 to $53,184.72 $48,349.68Dining Chairs - with Arms $51,404.00 to $62,827.00 $57,115.33Dining Chairs - no Arms $9,071.60 to $11,087.60 $10,079.60


Restaurant Softgoods Renovation Cost Per Seat $1,400.47 to $1,815.80 $1,611.36


Additional Demolition $13,298.28 to $19,116.27 $16,207.27Banquettes $8,000.00 to $14,000.00 $11,250.00Buffet Equipment $25,973.20 to $62,335.67 $44,154.43Decorative Lighting $18,915.20 to $24,674.08 $21,519.64Architectural Lighting $41,557.11 to $64,829.10 $53,193.11Electrical $27,926.38 to $41,889.57 $32,726.23Hard Surface Flooring (20% of floor area ) $16,622.85 to $26,596.55 $20,819.04HVAC $19,947.41 to $52,361.96 $28,674.41Life Safety $17,453.99 to $41,889.57 $36,217.02Millwork Buffet, Host Station (new, in existing location) $59,952.81 to $91,453.44 $74,178.90Millwork Screen Walls (new) $36,362.47 to $45,453.09 $40,907.78Millwork Running Trim (hardwood crown, chair, & base) $6,171.23 to $13,206.44 $8,748.20Articulated Drywall Ceiling (new) $30,080.00 to $47,200.00 $40,260.00Sound System $5,645.27 to $16,935.82 $10,937.72Tables $12,000.00 to $16,000.00 $14,000.00Drywall Partitions $11,922.82 to $18,316.96 $14,624.43



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Bar / Lounge Softgoods RenovationAssume a 52-seat bar / lounge area of approximately 30' x 40' = 1,200 SF. Ceiling 12' AFF, coffered.

AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Carpet $2,493.43 to $3,366.13 $2,929.78Artwork, Accessories, & Mirrors (installed) $4,843.81 to $5,966.45 $5,402.21Bar / Back Bar (refinish) $2,597.32 to $4,415.44 $3,506.38Carpet and Pad (60%) $5,211.99 to $6,582.56 $5,913.28Millwork Running Trim (refinish) $654.52 to $1,112.69 $883.61Paint Drywall Ceiling $576.00 to $900.00 $745.77Paint Doors & Trim $130.00 to $299.21 $189.21Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $3,838.36 to $5,934.13 $5,037.49Reupholster Banquettes $13,500.00 to $16,500.00 $15,000.00Dining Chairs - with Arms $22,617.76 to $27,643.88 $25,130.75Bar Stools $3,628.64 to $4,435.04 $4,031.84


Bar / Lounge Softgoods Renovation Cost Per Seat $1,155.61 to $1,483.76 $1,322.51


Additional Demolition $4,986.85 to $7,168.60 $6,077.73Bar / Back Bar (new in existing location) $31,225.42 to $43,350.00 $37,466.05Bar Equipment $25,973.20 to $39,609.12 $32,791.16Articulated Drywall Ceiling (new) $4,986.85 to $14,461.88 $9,603.04Banquettes (base only) $26,750.00 to $48,562.50 $37,623.04Chef's Table Chairs $10,885.92 to $13,305.12 $12,095.52Chef's Table $62,335.67 to $121,474.59 $89,107.97Decorative Lighting $18,915.20 to $24,674.08 $21,519.64Electrical $10,472.39 to $15,708.59 $12,272.34Hard Surface Flooring (40%) $12,467.13 to $19,947.41 $15,614.28HVAC $7,480.28 to $19,635.74 $10,752.90Life Safety $6,545.25 to $15,708.59 $13,581.38Architectural Lighting $15,583.92 to $24,310.91 $19,947.41Millwork Running Trim (stained hardwood crown, chair, & base) $3,272.62 to $7,003.41 $4,639.20Other Seating & Tables (allowance) $8,000.00 to $10,000.00 $9,000.00Sound System $8,467.91 to $25,403.73 $16,406.58TVs - 42" LCD HD $1,761.68 to $2,057.37 $1,895.54Tables $3,188.88 to $3,897.52 $3,543.20Drywall Partitions $10,537.85 to $17,136.00 $13,043.97



Kitchen

AVERAGESelective Demolition $22,908.36 to $36,653.37 $29,780.87Vinyl-coated Tile Ceiling (2' x 4' tiles & new grid) $25,200.00 to $34,272.00 $30,528.75Fluorescent Lighting (2' x 4') $11,454.18 to $22,908.36 $16,608.56Paint Door Frames & Trim $1,170.00 to $2,692.90 $1,702.93Paint Walls $1,075.20 to $1,680.00 $1,392.10Quarry Tile Flooring $54,543.71 to $76,041.00 $64,919.71Replace Doors $12,155.46 to $27,450.00 $19,854.21Kydex-paneled Walls $1,454.50 to $3,360.00 $2,386.81


Assume a kitchen area of approximately 60' x 70' = 4,200 SF, including banquet prep and upgraded and increased equipment.

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Kitchen Equipment $124,453.17 to $180,208.18 $152,330.67


Prefunction Softgoods RenovationAssume a prefunction area of approximately 30' x 32' = 960 SF, Ceiling 12' AFF, double coffered.

AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Carpet $1,994.74 to $2,692.90 $2,343.82Paint Articulated Drywall Ceiling $921.60 to $1,440.00 $1,193.23Carpet and Pad $9,545.14 to $12,053.08 $10,828.21Paint Doors & Trim (Service Doors and Exits) $390.00 to $897.63 $567.64Millwork Running Trim (refinish - stained hardwood crown, chair, & base) $579.72 to $985.53 $782.62Protect / Remove / Reinstall All Light Fixtures $1,558.39 to $3,376.52 $2,467.45Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $3,457.08 to $5,509.55 $4,564.31Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $10,878.66 to $60,000.00 $27,655.36







Ballroom - Cost for a Softgoods Renovation Subtotal $67,491.32 to $96,916.67 $82,386.33Ballroom - Softgoods Renovation Cost Per SF $14.06 to $20.19 $17.16

Assume a ballroom area of approximately 60' x 80' = 4,800 SF with 3 divisions. Ceiling 18' AFF double coffered.

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Additional Demolition $49,868.54 to $56,850.13 $53,359.33Artwork, Accessories, & Mirrors (allowance, installed) $4,827.91 to $25,000.00 $13,275.97Banquet Chairs $86,400.00 to $105,600.00 $96,000.00Articulated Drywall Ceiling (new) $45,120.00 to $72,000.00 $61,590.00Decorative Lighting $86,375.88 to $213,738.99 $147,557.43Electrical $62,335.67 to $97,243.65 $79,789.66HVAC $49,868.54 to $76,049.52 $62,959.03Life Safety $62,335.67 to $88,516.65 $75,426.16Architectural Lighting $74,802.80 to $127,164.77 $100,983.79Millwork Running Trim (stained hardwood crown, chair, & base) $6,545.25 to $14,006.83 $9,278.39Operable Walls (new, manual) $56,102.10 to $123,424.63 $73,953.66Portable Bars $28,000.00 to $36,000.00 $32,000.00Tables (14" x 72", incl. Meeting Rooms) $15,000.00 to $15,000.00 $15,000.00Tables (72" rounds, incl. Meeting Rooms) $12,900.00 to $12,900.00 $12,900.00AV Infrastructure: Ceiling Speakers and wiring to AV room, CAT 5e cable to light bars, 120Vpower. Equipment by others. HSIA. Projection screens by others $36,362.47 to $114,282.06 $62,335.67

Ballroom Full Renovation Additional Cost Subtotal $676,844.83 $1,177,777.22 $896,409.10Ballroom Full Renovation Additional Cost Per SF $141.01 $245.37 $186.75


AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Carpet $6,233.57 to $8,415.32 $7,324.44Carpet and Pad $21,874.28 to $27,621.65 $24,814.65Paint Articulated Drywall Ceiling $2,880.00 to $4,500.00 $3,728.85Paint Doors & Trim $1,365.00 to $3,141.72 $1,986.75Millwork Running Trim (refinish - stained hardwood crown, chair, & base) $2,524.59 to $4,291.81 $3,408.20Protect / Remove / Reinstall All Light Fixtures $2,337.59 to $7,246.52 $4,792.05Vinyl Wall covering (LY 54") $12,904.32 to $20,565.60 $17,037.28Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $27,196.65 to $75,000.00 $44,138.40Operable Wall Covering $5,728.62 to $10,910.75 $8,405.69



Additional Demolition $31,167.84 to $35,531.33 $33,349.58Banquet Chairs $54,000.00 to $66,000.00 $60,000.00Artwork, Accessories, & Mirrors (installed) $18,270.00 to $46,162.44 $30,644.77Articulated Drywall Ceiling (new) $12,467.13 to $36,154.69 $21,518.91Decorative Lighting $31,675.18 to $62,493.04 $46,584.11Electrical $26,180.98 to $39,271.47 $30,680.84HVAC $18,700.70 to $49,089.34 $26,882.26Life Safety $16,363.11 to $39,271.47 $33,953.46Architectural Lighting $38,959.79 to $60,777.28 $49,868.54Millwork Running Trim (stained hardwood crown, chair, & base) $12,622.97 to $27,013.16 $17,894.04Millwork Serving Stations $42,544.09 to $62,335.67 $50,745.13Operable Walls (new, manual) $77,040.00 to $97,243.65 $87,058.24AV Infrastructure: Ceiling Speakers and wiring to AV room, CAT 5e cable to light bars, 120V power. Equipment by others. HSIA. Projection screens built in to ceiling. $31,167.84 to $96,620.29 $63,894.06


Assume 6 meeting rooms with areas approximately 20' x 25' each = 500 SF each; 3,000 SF total. Ceiling 12' AFF double coffered.

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Board Room Softgoods Renovation

AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Carpet $3,025.36 to $4,084.23 $3,554.80Carpet and Pad $10,616.32 to $13,405.71 $12,043.38Paint Articulated Drywall Ceiling $680.71 to $1,058.88 $803.57Paint Doors & Trim $260.00 to $598.42 $378.43Millwork Running Trim (refinish - stained hardwood crown, chair, & base) $1,009.84 to $1,716.72 $1,363.28Protect / Remove / Reinstall All Light Fixtures $389.60 to $1,207.75 $798.68Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $5,161.73 to $8,226.24 $6,814.91Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $3,626.22 to $4,432.06 $4,029.14Executive Chairs $21,600.00 to $26,400.00 $24,000.00



Additional Demolition $15,126.79 to $17,244.54 $16,185.66Artwork, Accessories, & Mirrors (installed) $2,470.64 to $40,516.64 $15,274.06Articulated Drywall Ceiling (new) $6,050.72 to $17,547.08 $11,651.69Decorative Lighting $16,389.28 to $46,388.77 $31,722.36Electrical $15,247.80 to $22,871.71 $17,868.52HVAC $9,076.07 to $23,824.69 $13,046.86Life Safety $7,941.56 to $19,059.75 $16,478.75Architectural Lighting $25,526.46 to $39,821.27 $32,673.86Millwork Running Trim (stained hardwood crown, chair, & base) $5,049.19 to $10,805.27 $7,157.62Millwork Serving Stations $34,035.28 to $49,868.54 $40,596.11Board Room Conference Table $19,800.00 to $70,000.00 $37,266.67AV Infrastructure: Ceiling Speakers and wiring to AV room, HSIA, CAT 5e to conf. table floor outlet, 120V power. Projection screens built into ceiling. Video conference capable. $31,167.84 to $52,985.32 $42,076.58

Board Room Full Renvoation Additional Cost Subtotal $187,881.62 $410,933.57 $281,998.72Board Room Full Renovation Additional Cost Per SF $129.04 $282.23 $193.68

Exercise Facility Softgoods RenovationAssume an exercise facility of approximately 28' x 65' = 1,820 SF . Ceiling 12' AFF.

AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & floor finish $3,781.70 to $5,105.29 $4,443.49Artwork (installed) $2,143.22 to $2,711.98 $2,410.47Clock $129.09 to $227.92 $168.55Hamper $270.00 to $330.00 $300.00Towel Caddy $1,530.00 to $1,870.00 $1,700.00Sport Flooring $25,148.29 to $47,271.22 $30,694.26Mirrors $9,350.35 to $20,259.09 $14,804.72Paint Drywall Ceiling $873.60 to $1,365.00 $1,131.08Paint Doors & Trim $390.00 to $897.63 $567.64Remove & Reinstall Exercise Equipment $4,675.18 to $7,947.80 $6,311.49Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $4,444.82 to $7,083.71 $5,965.20Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $3,305.64 to $4,040.22 $3,672.92


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AVERAGEDemolition of Vinyl & Flooring $3,615.47 to $4,880.88 $4,248.18Artwork (installed) $11,787.71 to $14,915.89 $13,257.60Hamper $1,350.00 to $1,650.00 $1,500.00Towel Caddy $7,650.00 to $9,350.00 $8,500.00Stone Tile Flooring $7,168.60 to $10,752.90 $8,428.29Wood/Bamboo flooring $30,600.00 to $38,880.00 $34,903.80Mirrors $3,083.75 to $4,266.60 $3,568.04Paint Drywall Ceiling $835.20 to $1,305.00 $1,081.37Paint Doors & Trim $715.00 to $1,645.66 $1,040.68Vinyl Wallcovering (LY 54") $9,915.50 to $12,781.97 $11,362.50Window Treatments (with hardware and installation) $19,944.21 to $38,500.00 $26,868.16Reception Area Upholstered seating $20,000.00 to $30,000.00 $25,000.00



Additional Demolition $18,077.34 to $20,608.17 $19,342.76Articulated Drywall Ceiling (new) $12,736.80 to $26,100.00 $19,092.15Massage Tables $3,500.00 to $4,500.00 $4,000.00Millwork (treatment room area) $32,900.00 to $98,698.14 $66,177.12Millwork (Reception Area) $6,300.00 to $32,000.00 $14,810.56Electrical $15,184.97 to $22,777.45 $17,794.89HVAC $10,846.41 to $28,471.82 $15,591.71Life Safety $9,490.61 to $22,777.45 $19,693.01Architectural Lighting $22,596.68 to $35,250.82 $28,923.75Millwork Lockers $7,791.96 to $9,246.46 $8,519.21Decorative Water Feature $72,724.95 to $167,267.38 $119,996.16Sound System $8,467.91 to $25,403.73 $16,406.58Sauna $19,479.90 to $44,000.00 $37,540.27Steam Room $22,856.41 to $43,634.97 $35,548.02

Spa Full Renovation Additional Cost Subtotal $262,953.93 $580,736.41 $423,436.19Spa Full Renovation Additional Cost Per SF $151.12 $333.76 $243.35

Assume a spa facility of 10 treatment rooms and associated amenities of 1,740 SF, Ceiling averages 12" AFF. 10 treatment rooms 12' x 12', reception 15' x 20' Steam and sauna separate.

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Outdoor PoolAssume a 3,750 SF (50' x 75') pool and a 20' wide deck, approximately 6,600 SF surface.



Indoor PoolAssume a 3,750 SF (50' x 75') pool and a 12' wide deck, approximately 3,576 SF surface.

AVERAGEADA Lift $7,000.00 to $15,000.00 $11,625.00Architectural Lighting $116,996.26 to $182,514.17 $149,755.21Drywall Ceiling (new, from scaffolding) $33,693.66 to $72,381.69 $44,747.40Paint Doors & Trim $342.85 to $1,153.21 $654.72Pool Deck Tile $58,595.53 to $93,752.85 $76,174.19Pool Equipment $20,778.56 to $38,959.79 $29,869.18Pool Furniture $20,000.00 to $45,000.00 $33,333.33Pool Pak HVAC $187,194.02 to $252,711.92 $219,952.97Replace Doors (storefront) $1,558.39 to $2,649.27 $2,103.83Resurface Pool Bottom $26,250.00 to $45,000.00 $34,022.29Wall Tile $54,805.52 to $84,165.62 $69,485.57Decorative Water Feature (allowance) $36,362.47 to $83,633.69 $59,998.08Signage (life safety, pool rules) $1,000.00 to $2,500.00 $1,900.00



Stone paving @ Arrivals $60,612.50 to $94,542.43 $79,443.97Outdoor Furniture $49,500.00 to $60,500.00 $55,000.00Fire Pit $8,000.00 to $20,000.00 $12,207.78Outdoor Lighting $19,220.16 to $55,582.64 $37,401.40Patio Landscaping $20,259.09 to $34,804.08 $27,531.59Water Feature $77,919.59 to $94,022.97 $86,555.68Outdoor Audio System $10,908.74 to $25,090.11 $19,533.47


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Outdoor ParkingTypically, hotels in this market segment do not have outdoor parking.

Indoor, Underground ParkingAssume 352 parking spaces, 9' x 18', and 25'-wide aisles.

AVERAGEConcrete Sealer & Traffic-bearing Membrane $319,916.63 to $459,880.16 $389,898.40Lighting Upgrades $5,194.64 to $10,649.01 $7,921.82Paint Floors, Columns, etc. $10,389.28 to $21,298.02 $15,843.65Stripe Spaces $6,336.00 to $14,080.00 $9,108.00

Indoor, Underground Parking Renovation Subtotal $341,836.55 to $505,907.19 $422,771.87Indoor, Underground Parking Renovation Cost Per Space $971.13 to $1,437.24 $1,201.06

LandscapingAVERAGE




New RFID Key System $727.25 to $1,090.87 $909.06Tub-to-Stall Shower Conversion $4,155.71 to $7,000.00 $5,221.29Elevator Cab Finishes $25,973.20 to $36,881.94 $31,427.57Elevator Modernization Traction, per Cab $118,437.77 to $155,527.50 $136,982.64Escalator Modernization $311,678.35 to $529,853.20 $420,765.77Electronic Signage Boards Basic System - one Lobby Screen 42" diag. $25,973.20 to $51,426.93 $38,700.06 Additional Lobby / Prefunction screens $8,657.73 to $17,142.31 $12,900.02 Additional Meeting Room door screen (18" diag) $7,791.96 to $10,337.33 $9,064.65Four Pipe Vertical Fan Coil Unit Direct Replacement with drywall repair $4,155.71 to $5,246.59 $4,787.20Laundry Equipment (Direct equipment replacement with access) 75# Washer $20,778.56 to $31,687.30 $26,232.93 125# Dryer $31,167.84 to $42,076.58 $36,622.21 Ironer / Folder $103,892.78 to $118,437.77 $111,165.28Porte Cochere - Re-image: Demolish and Replace $51,946.39 to $153,761.32 $102,853.86Guestroom ADA Modifications Bathtub room $32,102.87 to $42,907.72 $35,856.00 Roll-in Shower room $34,700.19 to $50,284.11 $40,790.90Exterior Signage - Monument - new graphics on existing sign $15,583.92 to $22,856.41 $19,220.16Exterior Signage - New Exterior Brand sign in existing location $41,557.11 to $52,465.86 $47,011.48Power operated bi-parting Entrance doors (inner and outer at a vestibule) $28,000.00 to $35,700.00 $30,758.39

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PERSPECTIVES ON CURRENT HOSPITALITY DESIGN TRENDS

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Incorporating Technology in Your Hotel Renovationby Scott P. Rosenberg, AIA, MRICS, LEED AP | Senior Vice President, Jonathan Nehmer + Associates and HVS Design

Technology continues to influence the hospitality industry inso many ways. It can add simple joy or bring complex frus-tration to the weary traveler. When it works, it is magic.When it doesn't... well, you know.

Sometimes these items are easy and inexpensive to imple-ment; and sometimes there are unexpected hidden parts thathave to be considered. Whether your hotel is 10 years old or50 years old, each renovation brings its challenges as youcontinue to operate with minimal disruption.

Here are a few places to think about adding technology toyour hotel renovation:

Operations - There are endless programs and apps to man-age information to keep up with the competition. Hotels areeven starting to offer online check in and the ability to openyour guestroom door with your smart phone. You can use ahotel's app to get more towels or order room service. But be-hind the scenes, all the wires, wireless devices, programsand computers have to talk to one another, and this cannotbe an afterthought. The guest wants the choice to interactwith real people or virtually through a smart phone, tablet,and computer. Today's guests want instant gratification ortheir dissatisfaction will end up in bad review posted on atravel website.

Power Everywhere - The big question is "where do I plugin?" While it might be relatively easy to run power along thefront underside of a bar, it is harder to plan for where powergoes in an open floor plan of restaurant tables and soft seat-ing to allow for future flexibility. Plan to put together a com-prehensive list of all the systems and places that will needpower. Your electrical engineer will need to confirm there isenough power in the building and available circuits on theelectrical panel. Don't let your hotel become obsolete.

Life Safety and ADA - In a renovation, you also have to hur-dle building and fire codes, the Americans with DisabilitiesAct (ADA), and brand standards. Your out-of-date fire alarmsystem may not have capacity to add fire and smoke strobes,and communication devices, into ADA guestrooms and publicspaces. Plan for the difficulty and cost of adding these itemsor consider abandoning the existing system and put in a com-

pletely new wireless fire alarm system and devices. Theseare reliable and becoming more accepted by local jurisdic-tions.

Guest Room Media - Guests want to play their movies andmusic on your TV and sound system. Do a survey to see ifyour TVs and wiring infrastructure have the capacity to han-dle the new information, methods of connection, allow forcontrol of TV inputs, or have ability for multiple guests tostream video. While there are add on solutions for havingcontent streamed to hotel TVs, they may not be secure from guestroom to guestroom.

Art - This can range from simply displaying digital art to cre-ating new forms and surfaces for art, creating moving and in-teractive light features, and creating sculptural lightingelements. Learn the limits of the art and try to determine ifthese art forms have a limited or long-term life expectancybefore they are deemed to be out of date and not relevant.

Electric Mirrors - In bathrooms, these can add better light,give a clean look, and provide a built-in TV and Bluetoothsound system. Plan to get power, data, and coax cable in thewall behind the mirror. When it is done, it will all be seamlessas if it was there all along.

Plumbing - Technology influences design and engineering ofgreat products that use less natural resources. Dual flush

The guest bathrooms in the Willard InterContinental in Washington,DC features an electric mirror with a built-in TV for guests to usewhile getting ready. JN+A provided Project Management and Ar-chitecture services for this renovation. HVS Design completed theInterior Design.

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toilets, low flow shower heads and faucets, and even waterlessurinals continue to get more cost effective, meet guest expec-tations, and save water. In a situation where existing fixtureshave not reached the end of their useful life, the cost for fixturereplacement might not be feasible. In an older property, the firstcost may be justified.

Lighting Controls - This can be as simple as installing occu-pancy sensor light switches to control the guestroom. For morecomplex dimming systems, you have to connect power plus youhave to include low voltage wiring to control the dimming. Con-firm that your light bulbs, fixture types, and dimming modulesare compatible so that you get your desired results.

Energy Management - Simply stated, this ties lighting andheating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, andanything that uses energy to a computer program that learnswhen the building systems need to operate. The energy man-agement system considers occupancy, system capabilities, thetime of day, and the seasons. When energy management is in-stalled, even later in a building's life, it can pay for itself.

When implementing technology, there are some bigger picturequestions to remember:

Don't Overcomplicate It - Just because you can use yoursmart phone to do almost everything, doesn't mean you have to.Technology has to be easy to use and must not overwhelm yourguest. The guest must have the choice to operate these itemsvia a smart phone or just traditionally. The guest's ability to con-trol their environment in their own way is paramount.

Integrate Seamlessly - Technology can't be an afterthought.Hide the unwanted aspects of the technology from view so thatit feels magical and a natural part of the design. Be sure youknow all the components of a system to make it work success-fully including power, data, coax, Wi-Fi, wiring, jacks, computers,programs, apps, and the physical motorized parts. It also hasto be tested to ensure it will work flawlessly time and time again.

Does It Meet Its Intent? - If you want to implement a new dig-ital art program to be displayed on large LED HDTV screens, re-member to control or eliminate the glare on the screen. Look atthe placement of downlights and exterior windows. Review theacoustics of the space so you can hear and appreciate a newhigh-end sound system. The last thing you want to do is to sellmore Advil in the sundries shop due to the mental overload ofglare and echo.

Payback - Will the investment, and its complicated implemen-tation and downtime, pay for itself? Will the investment increasemarket share, occupancy, lower operating expenses, drive upthe rate, and add value for a future sale? Or are you doing thisto not lose business or for some corporate philosophy reason?Ask yourself these questions to understand the whys along withthe payback time when deciding to implement technology.

Will It Last? - Technology arrives quickly at high prices andused by the select few. Then it slowly becomes affordable towork its way into the mainstream. On the other hand, it may be-come obsolete just as fast as it arrived. A while back, hotelsadded ethernet wiring for internet access, and then shortly afterthey added wireless hubs only to witness a decline of peopleusing wired connections. Some hotels added the earliest flatscreen TVs only to find the infrastructure didn't support HDTV.

Manage Risk - Continue to monitor and understand all the prosand cons before you dive in. Use your best logic and judgment,and that of a knowledgeable team, to evaluate a specific tech-nology and all its implications to the market, competition, guestneeds and experience, operational costs, and relevance to theworld around us.

The Future - If we knew what the next technological break-through will be, one of us would become rich. I believe thatsometime in this century there will be a way to create wirelesspower and in a safe usable manner. Imagine what constructioncould be like if you didn't have to run outlets for computers andrefrigerators. There could be electrical panels and transmitterswith minimal wiring. Appliances might have built-in receivers,just like Wi-Fi. It's a stretch, but the possibilities of the humanmind are endless.

Mr. Rosenberg is a licensed Architect with morethan twenty five years of experience in architec-ture and real estate development-related fields.His design experience includes hotels, restau-rants, retail centers, office buildings, industrial,recreational, institutional projects, and tenant im-provements. His design philosophy focuses on

the whole picture, bringing his clients’ real estate development, investment,management, and construction goals into perspective, with the goal of havinga practical design that adds value to projects.

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FF&E Logistics: What is the Best Plan for Successby Darlene Henke, ISHC | President, Audit Logistics Freight & Warehouse Management

During the renovation or the opening of a new hotel – themovement and delivery of FF&E from manufacturers to theproperty can play an important role in the project’s success.Schedule and costs can be impacted when the proper plansare not put in place or executed. In a perfect world, the proj-ect team would have unlimited time to deliver and all goodswould be produced within only a few hundred miles of thesite. Since that is never the case, below are some points toconsider so your renovation or new construction project canhave the best plan for success.

1 – If your project is east of the Mississippi, consider an ad-ditional two weeks in your lead time for casegoods so thatitems can ship via the Panama Canal. Most casegoodscome from Asia and land into Long Beach, CA. If you areable to allow about two additional weeks, goods can arriveinto Miami, Norfolk, Baltimore, or other east coast ports andsave the cost of trucking across the country. On a 500-roomhotel, the savings on a casegoods PO alone can be in the sixdigits range. Not only is there a cost savings, but it is also amore sustainable option, reducing fuel consumption, andCO2 emissions.

2 – FF&E produced domestically, like upholstery, where themanufacturer is more than 300 miles from the hotel has theability to ship via rail if the schedule permits. Shipping raildoes not have the risk of damage that existed a decade ago,primarily due to changes in the rail infrastructure. Thismethod can take a few more days, but on average can saveabout 20-30% of the cost of freight vs. transporting via truck.The main reason for this savings is no fuel surcharge is in-

curred when the goods are shipped via rail. This option, likethe use of the Panama Canal, can also reduce fuel consump-tion and CO2 emissions for a sustainable solution that alsocosts less.

3 - Did you realize that more than 50% of all trucking compa-nies in the US have an “unsatisfactory” safety rating with theDOT? If one of these trucking companies is involved in anaccident where someone gets injured while carrying thehotel’s FF&E, the Owner of the goods on board could be atrisk for personal injury lawsuits. Since 2012, cases have oc-curred where the victim is awarded $20 million plus in settle-ments. In these cases, the personal injury lawyers are

targeting the Owner of goods, among other parties, for neg-ligent hiring. There are ways to mitigate this risk, (as anOwner, one is almost always considered to have deep pock-ets), the logistics company should have a standard practiceof monitoring these carriers as a way to mitigate risk. In mostcases, a carrier that has a “satisfactory” safety rating is alsomore likely to pick up and deliver shipments on time, as wellas have less damage.

4 – In the majority of cases, a warehouse somewhere nearthe jobsite is used to store and stage FF&E for delivery byfloor for installation. Most Owners work to hire a 3rd party lo-gistics company to help manage the day-to-day operationsand interaction between the freight carriers, warehouse per-sonnel, and deliveries to the general contractor. Warehousesthat choose to vault the FF&E vs storing on racks, should beavoided whenever possible. Vaults are wooden boxes thatFF&E can be stored in, then the warehouse will keep an in-ventory of what is inside each vault. The risk this causes is,if the warehouse does not property label the vaults, theremay be no clear record of what each one contains and whereit located. Some warehouse facilities can house over 200vaults, creating a nightmare if goods get misplaced. Ware-houses that have racking and specified space to store theproject should always be first choice, to avoid confusion anddelay of FF&E getting to the jobsite.

There are many other factors to consider, but these are justa few examples, when executed properly, can save money,reduce risk, and be more sustainable at the same time. Akey thing to remember is, if time can be allotted in the sched-ule on the front end, there can be significant savings on thebudget and better execution during delivery. For more infor-mation please visit our website at www.auditlogistics.com.

Ms. Henke and Audit Logistics are recognizedleading experts in the hospitality sector; herreputation is well deserved and based on in-tegrity, hard work and dedication. Ms. Henke’sability to think outside the conventional dealerbusiness model resulted in Audit Logisticsbeing the only industry firm in existence to

offer auditable freight and warehouse management to the hospitality sector.

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Using the Right Tool for the Jobby Don Noveau | Director of Pre-Construction, Jonathan Nehmer + Associates

Hotel renovation projects come in a broad spectrum of com-plexity, and there is a wide range of capabilities among con-tractors that serve the hospitality industry. Picking the rightcontractors for your renovation project can save money andmake the project go smoothly.

A full-service General Contractor may be the right choice fora hotel that requires a complex, full renovation. If you aremoving major components and elements, you need the fullservice and deep resources that an established General Con-tractor will have. They own equipment and employ workersthat allow them to address complex projects. They can followthe design development, provide cost input at each stage ofdevelopment, and can network with local subcontractors whocan make short work of large-scale projects. Nevertheless,that depth of abilities costs a lot to support. These construc-tion giants are great for major work, but can be quite expen-sive due to their high overhead costs, and are sometimesless experienced when it comes to repetitive guestroom ren-ovation work.

For smaller softgoods projects, there are contractors that onlydo room renovation projects. They also use their own em-ployees to provide the labor necessary to move beds and fur-niture, hang vinyl wall covering, paint doors, and even toinstall carpeting. The “rooms contractors” go to the work –and they work regionally or nationwide and even internation-ally. They have low overhead and can complete guestroomafter guestroom in mass production. However, they generallydo not have the capability to make major changes to the hotelpublic area layout. Most of them need to hire local subcon-tractors for more technical items, such as Electrical work,Millwork, HVAC, or Life Safety.

Depending on the scope of your project, you should choosethe type of contractor that has the appropriate set of skillsyou need. If you are renovating your entire hotel, it may evenbe wise to hire both types of contractors – one for the heavylifting (major demolition, structural changes, major MEP work)and one for the repetitive work in the guestrooms and guestcorridors for replacement of finishes and furniture. Therooms contractor can be a sub-contractor to the larger con-tractor, or they can operate under separate contracts, as longas there are coordinated terms in each contract that guidethem when services and spaces have to be shared.

The worst way to proceed through a renovation is to assumethat the hotel’s engineering staff can handle the project bydirectly hiring painters, electricians, plumbers and any othersubcontractors that are needed. The hotel’s engineer shouldbe busy enough operating the hotel and coordinating the con-struction work with the hotel operation. To add project man-agement to the engineering department’s responsibilities,even if only temporarily, is an invitation for disaster in the formof an over-budget and late-delivered project. A Project Man-ager, experienced in hospitality construction, should be hiredto run the project, starting during design and followingthrough until all of the work is complete to everyone’s satis-faction; the bills have been paid; and the as-built documen-tation is in hand.

Hotel Engineering, while not actively managing the construc-tion work, still takes an essential role in any renovation. En-gineering, along with other departments in the hotel, shouldcreate a team that gives final approval to the work. It is onlylogical that those who will have to operate the newly reno-vated spaces should be satisfied with the work, before anywarranty period begins. Often known as the “punch team,”the hotel representatives provide the necessary feedback tothe contractor to keep the project moving and, most impor-tantly, to complete it.

In conclusion, use two simple principles: match the difficultyof the renovation project to the ability of the contractors, anduse professionals with direct experience in the type of projectyou are implementing to manage it. If the right mix of con-tractors and professionals is made, your renovation projectshould come together just as planned.

Mr. Noveau has proven experience in themanagement of all phases of design andconstruction projects for hotels, hospitals,commercial office buildings, and otherbuilding types. His work experience in-cludes all facets of owner representation,including financial aspects of speculative

projects, such as management of owner equity installments and originationand management of large commercial construction loans. In his role as Di-rector of Pre-Construction, he is responsible for overseeing the company’spre-construction activities.

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Top Areas to Review When Reviewing an Existing Hotelby Warren G. Feldman, AIA | Executive Vice President, Jonathan Nehmer + Associates and HVS Design

Buying an existing property can be a daunting task. Doingthe proper due diligence before you buy a property is essen-tial. The best approach is to hire a team of experts (Environ-mental, Mechanical, Electrical, Life Safety, Elevator, Façade

and Roofing, Structural, ADA, and an overall PCA review).However, one does not have to be an expert in design andconstruction to notice some potential areas concerns thatcould lead to big renovation dollars.

Landlocked SiteIf the property has developments on three sides of the building, you have a landlocked site.This will limit expansion and the possibility of ROI opportunities like additional guestrooms ormeeting space.

Access to the SiteVisibility of the property is important, but how your guest accesses the site is equally impor-tant. Is the hotel easy to find or does the guest have to make several turns to find your hotelat a dead end street?

Parking Lot Water ponding, asphalt cracking, and cracked/heaved concrete are all signs of poor drainageand water problems at the property. These issues will potentially be very expensive to repair.

Exterior SignageIf you are contemplating converting the hotel to a different brand, pay attention to the numberof exterior signs (on the building and monument) that will need to be replaced. Or if the cur-rent signage is not easily visible from the main street. Signage is expensive to change.

FacadeWhen walking around the property, you should look for stains on the façade material, missingsealant joints, and algae growth. Check to see if you have double pane (insulated) windows.You may also notice that some of the windows appear fogged. This is a sign of failed sealsaround the windows, meaning the windows will need to be replaced.

VestibuleThe entry vestibule will need to be renovated if the automatic doors are not a minimum of 12to 15 feet apart. This could cause both sets of doors open at the same time, thus renderingthe vestibule worthless.

LobbyMost brands are embracing the trend of open lobbies and front desk pods. If the propertydoes not have those, it will most likely need to be renovated in the near future. If that is thecase, see if there are bearing walls which would make it difficult to open up the lobby space.

Food & BeverageBrands are going beyond the typical sundries shop. The idea of fast, casual service whereguests can grab and go is growing. An expanded market or new food and beverage outletwill need to be incorporated, if it’s not there already. Is there a good location for this additionalspace?

GuestroomsIf the guestroom has vinyl wall covering on the exterior window wall, check to see if it is peel-ing at the seams and edges especially around the window. This can be a sign of moisture in-filtration issues.

Guestroom BathroomCheck to see if there is a tub or a shower in the king guestroom bathrooms. Many brandsare requiring the conversion of tubs to showers in king guestrooms. These conversions are acostly reality in a number of recent renovations.

ADA Changes from 2010

When the new ADA standards took effect, many people focused on the requirement that allpools must have a permanent lift. However, there are other mandates that could impact theproperty as well. For instance, all guestroom vanities must be the same size. This wouldmean creating 5’ of counter space in the ADA bathrooms at many properties. A number of thecurrent accessible rooms have just a sink. This could cost you a key for each ADA Bathroomenlargement if your rooms are small. Also, the bar and front desk must have a lowered sec-tion to accommodate disabled persons, not just a pull out shelf. In the fitness center, onepiece of each type of equipment must have the appropriate landing area.

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While all properties will have hidden conditions which you willnot find until you begin the renovation, spending the time upfront to find as many of the problems as possible should helpyou to accurately budget the costs of the renovations. Un-derstanding these potential areas of concern will help youidentify which members of the Due Diligence team will becritical. If you can get a Change of Ownership PIP ahead oftime, do it. Review each item to see if you think it is a correctscope, more is needed, or a waiver should be requested. Ifyou can get the PIP negotiated during the Due Diligence pe-riod, it will really help to firm up your numbers.

But this knowledge can also be used when reviewing thecompetitive set. Your neighboring hotels will show you thingsthat have and have not worked in the marketplace. Take thetime to spend a night at each competitive property. Watch theguest usage patterns, what works, what does not. These arecheap lessons that can be applied to your hotel.

Lastly, one great under-utilized source is the general public.Disgruntled guests often post the problems on Trip Advisor orother similar sites. Spend an hour reading the reviews.Noise issues, air conditioning problems, no hot water at peaktimes, and other similar comments will identify things youneed to address that might not be visible to the naked eye.

Once you have assembled all the data about the scope, thelast step is often the hardest. Putting costs to the scope be-fore you have even begun the design work is often challeng-ing. That is where the Hotel Cost Estimating Guide can besuch a valuable resource.

Mr. Feldman has expertise in all facets of Proj-ect Management, Architecture and Interior De-sign, Design Management, and ConstructionAdministration. His experience includes workas Architect and Owner's Representative inthe direction and management of commercial,

institutional, educational, residential, and hospitality projects. Comple-menting his education in Architecture, Mr. Feldman completed his JurisDoctorate from Georgetown University in December 1998 and is a memberof the Maryland Bar.

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How Much Per Key?by Benjamin West | President, Benjamin West Purchasing

How much per key” is one of the owner’s first questions whenlooking at any new project or renovation. This essential costquestion is often used to make buy/pass decisions on a lodgingasset. There is no single more dangerous question in our indus-try, as three people can provide three different answers, each100% different, and all they can still be completely correct.

Broadly defined, “cost per key” is the total amount spent in allareas of the hotel (including back-of-house, kitchen and laundry,phone systems, all meeting space, all F&B outlets, etc.) dividedby the total number of keys in the hotel. However, what is in-cluded in the cost and what counts as a “key” can be complicatedto define.

Defining the Costs to IncludeThe first step in solving the “how much per Key” debate is to de-fine the scope in discussion. Does the cost per key include onlythe FF&E and/or OS&E that are behind a typical guestroom door,or does it include the corresponding corridor items? Is the bath-room FF&E and/or OS&E included? What about the general con-tractor-supplied items in the bathroom, such as tub and toilet? Isthe bathroom vanity general contractor-supplied or FF&E pur-chasing agent-supplied?

Further adding fuel to the fire, today many items can be consid-ered either FF&E or OS&E including beds, televisions, and tech-nology items. The distinction becomes even more difficult whencategorizing what goes on the bed: which items are OS&E (thesleeping sheets and sleeping pillows that get changed daily) andwhich are FF&E (the decorative pillows, the top of the bed treat-ment)? Who decides?

It is advisable to use a proper and complete differentiation doc-ument, such as the example provided in the Appendices to thisstudy, as the guide as to what to include in any cost per keyscope determination. Once this is complete, the owner can thenhave the cost per key areas of a project defined according to whowill actually purchase and install the items. Some may be generalcontractor items, some may be the responsibility of the purchas-ing firm or department, some may be the operator’s responsibility,some the owner’s and some may be purchased and installed bythe designer/specifier.

Defining What Counts as a “Key”When calculating cost per key, be clear whether the divisor is the

number of keys or the number of bays. With so many new devel-opments focusing on multiple bays per key (one- and two-bed-room units, suites, etc.) the confusion can add up quickly. A hotelmay have just 250 true, traditional “keys,” by with multi-bay keys;the project might have the same total area as a 650-room hotel.

Additional ItemsOnce the areas and scope to be included in the cost per key dis-cussion are defined, the next step is to define what costs, if any,beyond the pure or “first” product cost should be included. For ex-ample, the cost for a public space carpet, which is imported fromAsia, is $30 per square yard. Is that cost the initial FOB (free onboard) Asia cost, excluding ocean freight and applicable importduties and taxes, or is it the landed duty paid in the U.S.? If it isa U.S. cost, is it to a port, to the city the hotel is in, or all the wayto the hotel or the hotel’s carpet installer? Next, assuming that thefreight component is handled, is tax included? What about instal-lation and carpet pad? If the project is a renovation, what abouttake-up and removal of the old carpet and floor prep before in-stalling the new carpet? Add up all these similar questions forevery FF&E element in a project, and one can see that the totalcost can easily increase well over 35 to 45 percent from the “first”FOB factory product cost to the cost of the new product installedin the hotel.

Cost Per Key is Project-SpecificGiven all the variables above, every hotel owner, operator, assetmanager, and consultant might have a different idea of how to de-fine cost per key. Each project is unique and will have differentcomponents that will or will not need to be included in the cost.In practice, cost per key is the best determined on a project-by-project basis, using a differentiation document to assist in deter-mining the scope included, and involving the design, purchasing,and project management experts for the project.

Mr. Benjamin, President, is one of the world'sleading hospitality Furniture, Fixtures and Equip-ment (FF&E) experts. Mr. Benjamin is the thirdgeneration of a family that has served the interiorneeds of the hospitality industry since 1931. Heis president and founder of Benjamin West, theFF&E and OS&E purchasing firm based in Boul-

der, Colorado, with additional offices in Chicago, Dallas, Hong Kong, London,New Delhi, and São Paulo.

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Differentiation Documentprovided by Jonathan Nehmer + Associates

LEGEND

BUDGET CATEGORIES:

C Basic Construction

FFE Furniture, Fixtures and Equipment

OP Operating Supplies, Inventories and Consumables

SS Special Hotel Systems

TEAM MEMBERS:

A Architect

AC Acoustical Consultant

AV Audio/Visual Consultant

CIV Civil Engineer

CE Construction Estimator

EV Elevator Consultant

EE Electrical Engineer

F Fire Protection Consultant

G Graphics Designer

GC General Contractor

I Interior Designer

IN Installation Contractor for FFE Items

K Kitchen, Bar and Food Services Consultant

L Laundry Consultant

LS Landscape Consultant

LT Lighting Consultant

MC Millwork Contractor

ME Mechanical Engineer

O Operator/Purchasing Department

PA Purchasing Agent for FFE and OSE Items

S Systems Consultant

ST Structural Engineer

V Vendor

* Subject to Lease or Purchase

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Budget Category Estimate By Design By Constr.

Docs ByPurchased

By Installed By

1 General Construction C CE A/ST/ME/EE/CE

A/ST/ME/EE/CE

GC GC

2 Furniture (seating, casegoods, etc.)a. Moveable FFE I I I PA INb. Fixed/Millwork, includes any integral equipment to each piece C I I I GC GC

3 Artwork & Artifacts FFE I I I PA IN4 Flooring

a. Carpeting & Pad FFE I I I PA GCb. Marble, Decorative Tile, Wood C I I I GC GCc. Resilient Tile; Ceramic Tile - Bathrooms; Quarry Tile - Kitchens & Pantries, Sealed Concrete; Pavers

C CE I/A A GC GC

5 Wallcoveringa. Vinyl

i. Guestrooms C I I I PA GCii. Public Areas C I I I PA GC

b. Paneling, Marble, Other Decorative Finishes C I I I GC GCc. Masonry; Plaster or Drywall; Paint; Ceramic Tile-Bathrooms, Kitchens & Pantries

C CE I I/A GC GC

6 Ceiling Finishinga. Spray-on or Paint C CE I/A A GC GCb. Lay-in Acoustic Tile C CE I/A A GC GCc. Coffers or other Decorative Treatments C I I/A I/A GC GC

7 Doors (including finishes, hardware, door frames, seal-stripping, & view holes)

C CE I/A A GC GC

a. Guest Entry Door Locks O O A/O A O V 8 Moveable Partitions (Ballrooms, Meeting Rooms) C CE I/A A GC GC9 Lighting

a. Decorative Fixturesi. Plug-in FFE I I I PA INii. Fixed - Interior Design FFE I I/LT I/A/EE PA GC

b. General Lighting C CE I/A/EE A/EE GC GCc. Conduit, Wiring, & Dimming Systems C CE A/EE A/EE GC GC

10 Mechanical Electrical Life Safety and Security Systems

Item

DIFFERENTIATION CHECKLIST

10 Mechanical, Electrical, Life Safety, and Security Systems (sprinklers, standpipes, fire hoses, smoke detectors, alarms, and fire extinguishers)

C CE A/ME/ EE/F A/ME/ EE GC GC

11 Elevators & Escalators C EV A/EV A/EV/EE EV GCa. Cabs Interiors, Doors & Frames C EV I/A/EV A/I/EV EV GC

12 TV Systema. Conduit C CE A/EE/S A/EE GC GCb. Equipment & Wiring SS S S/V S/V O* V c. TV Sets FFE O S/V S/V PS IN/V

13 TV Surveillance Systema. Conduit C CE A/EE/S A/EE GC GCb. Equipment & Wiring SS S S/V S/V O* V

14 Telephonesa. Conduit C CE A/EE A/EE GC GC/Vb. Equipment & Wiring SS S S S O* Vc. Public Phones (If Present) SS O O/V V/I/A O* V

15 Computer & Reservations Systemsa. Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS) for Computers & Conduit C CE A/EE/S A/EE GC GCb. Equipment & Wiring SS S S/V S/V GC V

16 Audio-Visual Systemsa. Fixed Equipment & Wiring SS S A/S AV GC/V GC/Vb. Moveable Equipment SS S S/AV S PA O/Vc. Conduit C CE A/S/EE A/EE GC GCd. Built-in Projection Screens C CE A/AV A GC GC

17 Food Service Equipment a. Kitchen, Bar, & Pantry Equipment (set in places) including Walk-in Cooloers & Freezers, Refrigeration, Hoods, & Stainless Steel Work FFE K K K O GC/V

b. Ice Machines FFE K K K PA GC/Vc. Vending Machines FFE K K K O Vd. Disposal Equipment FFE K K K O Ve. Mechanical and Electrical Rough-In & Final Connection C CE/ME/EE K/A/ME/EE K/A GC GCf. Food Service Carts OP K K K O O

18 Laundry & Dry Cleaning Equipment (set in place) FFE L L/A/ME/EE L/A/ME/EE O GCa. Mechanical & Electrical Rough-In, Final Connections & Ventilation

C CEL/A/ME/EE L/A/ME/EE

O GC

b. Linen Chutes C CE A A GC GC

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Budget Category Estimate By Design By Constr.

Docs ByPurchased

By Installed ByItem

DIFFERENTIATION CHECKLIST

19 Housekeeping & Maintenance Equipment (vacuum cleaners, floor polishers, mops, tools, & maintenance shop equipment) O O O O O/PA O/V

20 Storage Shelvinga. Fixed Wood C CE A A GC GCb. Metal Moveable FFE O A/O A/O O INc. Fixed Metal C CE A/O A GC GC

21 Office & Front Desk Equipment (files, vaults, business machines, copiers, etc.) FFE O O O O O

a. Safety Deposit Boxes FFE O O O/A O GCb. Baggage Carts O O O O O O

22 Meeting Room Equipment (moveable stages, dance floors, lecterns, easels, etc.) FFE O I/O I/O PA PA/IN

23 Recreation Facilitiesa. Pools, Courts, etc. C CE A A GC GCb. Exercise Equipment FFE O O/A O/A O Oc. Lockers C CE A A GC GC

24 Draperies, Tracks, Blinds FFE I I I PA Va. Valances FFE I I I PA V

25 Shower Curtains FFE I I I O O26 Shower: Rods OR Door Assemblies C CE I/A A GC GC27 Vanities: Guestroom & Public C CE I A/I/EV GC GC28 Mirrors: Fixed, Non-Framed

a. Public Areas & Guestrooms C I I I GC GCb. Bathrooms C CE I A/I GC GC

29 Accessoriesa. Towel Bars & Shelves, Tissue Dispensers, Paper Holders, Robe Hooks, Grab Bars, Ceramic Soap Dishes

C CE I/A A GC/O/PA GC

b. Ash Urnsi. Fixed C I I/A A GC GCii. Moveable FFE I I I PA IN

c. Closet Shelving & Rods O CE I/A A GC GCd. Clothes Hangers O O O O O/PA POe. Luggage Racks FFE I I/O I PA PA/IN

30 Bed Treatments FFE I I I PS O31 Mattresses & Boxsprings FFE O O O PA IN32 Linens, Bedding, & Terry O O I/O I O/PA O33 Uniforms O O I/O/V O O O34 Tableware (China, Glassware, Flatware, Hollowware, Tablecloths,

Napkins, Placemats)O O I/O I O/PA O

35 Kitchen & Bara. Utensils & Small Wares O O O O O O

36 Food & Beverage Consumables O O O O O O37 Working Inventories

a. Office Supplies; Cleaning, Laundry, & Maintenance Supplies; Guestroom (wastebaskets, ashtrays, etc.) & Bathroom Supplies (soaps, tissues, etc.)

O O O O O O

b. Menus & Printed Forms O O G O/G O O38 Interior Signage

a. Directional Signs & Room Numbers FFE I I/G V O/PA GC/Vb. Restaurant & Lounge Identification FFE I I/G V O/PA GC/V

39 Exterior Signagea. Building and Ground-mounted Identification Signs C CE G/V V O V

i. Location, Electrical Rough-in, Structural Requirements C CE G/V/A/EE/S G/V/A/EE/S GC GCb. Directional, Traffic, & Parking Signs C CE A/G A GC GC

40 Interior Landscapinga. Moveable Planters C CE I/A/LS A GC GCb. Moveable Planters FFE I I/L/S I PA PA/INc. Planting FFE I I I O* Vd. Fountains FD I I/A/ME I/A/ME GC GC

41 Exterior Landscapinga. Planters C CE A/LS A GC/PA GCb. Irrigation & Drainage C CE A/CIV/LS A/CIV/LS GC GCc. Planting, Water Features, & Hardscape C CE A/LS A/LS GC GC

42 Roadways, Parking, & Walks C CE A/CIV/LA C/CIV GC GC43 Vehicles (vans, golf carts, grounds maintenance trucks) O O O O O* O44 Guest Ice Machines FFE O O A/EE PA/O V/IN

Estimated Percentages for Freight and Warehousing

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Freight and Warehouse PricingProvided by Audit Logistics

Frieght Warehousing Frieght WarehousingGuestrooms 10.50% 6.50% Guestrooms 10.50% 5.50%

Public Space n/a n/a Public Space 14.75% n/a


Public Space 10.50% n/a Public Space 8.50% 4.50%


Public Space 7.50% 2.50% Public Space 6.75% 2.50%

ECONOMY

MIDSCALE

UPPER UPSCALE

EXTENDED STAY

UPSCALE

LUXURY

These percentages are intended to provide a baseline idea for these costs when completing your budget. There are severalconsiderations that can influence this percentage including:

• Vendor Selectiono Factory FOBo Country of Origino Packing Techniques

• Schedule and lead timeso Expedited shippingo Storage duration

• Fuel surcharges• Final FF&E Budget• Duty and Tariff Changes• Special Project Dispensations• Natural Disasters, Acts of War or Terror

Variables

• Fuel – Fuel prices are anticipated to stay steady through2015. Any natural disasters or acts of terror could result in a20-30% spike in cost.

• Asia Pacific Containers via Panama Canal – Asia Pacificcontainer rates will remain stable until fall for GRI (GeneralRate Increase). The opening of the Panama Canal’s 3rd lanein the summer of 2015 will enable more freight to flow directto east coast ports. East coast ports will be utilized more re-ducing overall supply chain costs and CO2 emissions.

• Alternate Ports of Entry – Utilization of alternative ports forcasegoods entering the US can reduce costs significantly.Lead time for transit from Asia increases approximately 2weeks to travel through the Panama Canal. CO2 emissionsand fuel consumption are reduced as well as the risk of dam-age.

• Warehouse Rates – Warehouse rates will remain stablebut potentially see a 5-10% increase as commercial projectsincrease. Capacity will be an issue during the summermonths as movement of household goods reach peak levels.Capacity could remain an issue for commercial projects asvolume increases but limited new assets enter the market.

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GLOSSARY OF FREIGHT / FF&E TERMS

A8A Manifest A form issued by a licensed Customs brokerwhich allows CCRA to monitor in-bond shipments as theymove through Canada.

AMS Automated Manifest System An application that ex-pedites the clearance of cargo for the subsequent releaseof containers when imported to U.S.A. through electronicsubmission of cargo manifests in lieu of bulk paper mani-fests.

Americans with Disabilities Act of 2010 (ADA) TheAmericans with Disabilities Act of 1990 established theclear and comprehensive prohibition of discrimination onthe basis of disability. Hotels in the United States are re-quired to adhere to the ADAAG (The Americans with Dis-abilities Act Accessibility Guidelines), which outline theminimum standards to make places of lodging accessible tothose of disabilities. In 2010, the Department of Justice is-sued revised regulations that all hotels must comply withsince March 15, 2012.

Arrival Notice An advisory that the carrier or forwardersends to the consignee advising of goods coming forwardfor delivery. Pertinent information such as bill of lading num-ber, container number, total charges due from consignee,etc. are included and sent to consignee prior to vessel ar-rival. This is done gratuitously by the carrier or forwarder toensure smooth delivery, but there is no obligation by thecarrier or forwarder to do so. The responsibility to monitorthe transit and present himself to take timely delivery stillrests with the consignee.

Automated Manifest System (AMS) An application thatexpedites the clearance of cargo for the subsequent re-lease of containers when imported to the U.S. through

Average Daily Rate (ADR) The average daily rate chargedby a hotel for one room for one day; calculated by dividingthe total room revenue by the actual rooms occupied. elec-tronic submission of cargo manifests in lieu of bulk papermanifests.

Awkward Cargo Cargo of irregular size that can either becontainerized (packed in container) or non-containerized(without equipment associated with) during transportation. Itrequires prior approval on a case-by-case basis before con-firmation of booking.

Axle Load Maximum load permitted to be carried on eachaxle of a motor vehicle.

Bay A term used to describe an area that is defined by thebuilding’s structural system. Each structural bay forms thebasic unit size for a single guestroom.

Berth The place beside a pier, quay or wharf where a ves-sel can be loaded or unloaded.

Block Train Railcars grouped in a train by destination sothat segments (blocks) can be uncoupled and routed to dif-ferent destinations as the train moves through various junc-tions. This eliminates the need to break up a train and sortindividual railcars at each junction.

Bonded Carrier A carrier licensed by U.S. Customs tocarry Customs-controlled merchandise between Customspoints.

Bonded Warehouse A warehouse authorized by Customsfor storage of goods on which payment of duties is deferreduntil the goods are removed.

Booking Arrangement with a steamship company for theacceptance and cartage of frieght.

Booking Number A reference number for bookings regis-tered with a carrier. It should be unique without duplicationfor a three-year period.

Box Common term for an ocean-going freight container.

Brand The trade name of a hotel. Most major hotel com-panies have groups of hotel brands, each brand targeting adifferent industry segment. (e.g. Parent company Marriottowns many hotel brands: Fairfield Inn, Courtyard, Towne-Place Suites, etc.)

Broker An individual, partnership, or corporation thatarranges transportation service for client companies.

Break-bulk Cargo Goods shipped loose in the vessel holdand not in a container.

Broken Stowage The spare volume of a container or thecargo hold of a vessel where no cargo is stowed. It is a re-flection of the bad stowage of the container or the vessel.

Budget An itemized forecast of the expenses expected fora renovation or construction project. A complete budgetshould contain all construction and installation costs, FF&Ecosts, systems costs, professional fees, operating supplies

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and equipment costs, pre-opening expenses, freight, tax,warehousing, land costs, and a contingency amount.

Bulk Carriers Vessels carrying dry, liquid, grain, not pack-aged, bundled, or bottled cargo and loaded without marksand number or count.

Bull Rings Cargo-securing devices mounted in the floor ofcontainers which allow lashing and securing of cargoes.

Bunker Adjustment Factor (BAF) / Bunker Surcharge(BSC) Surcharges assessed by the carrier to freight rates toreflect current cost of bunker.

Bunker Heavy oil used as fuel for ocean vessels.

C&F Cost and Freight. It is a term of trading in whichthe buyer of the goods pays an amount which covers thecost of the goods plus the cost of transporting the goodsfrom origin to the port of discharge.

Canada Customs and Revenue Agency (CCRA) Cana-dian government Customs authority.

Capital or Capitalized Expense (CapEx) Capital expendi-tures for this study are broadly defined as all improvementsmade to the physical plant of a hotel that would be capital-ized as opposed to expensed for accounting purposes.

Cargo Manifest A manifest that lists only cargo, withoutfreight and charges.

Carrier Any individual, company or corporation engaged intransporting cargoes.

Carriers Owned Containers (COC) The containers used forthe transportation of cargoes belonging to the property ofthecarriers.

Casegoods / Hardgoods Hard furniture such as dressers,televisions, chests, nightstands, headboards, tables, etc.

C-corporation A business that is a completely separate en-tity from its owners, unlike a partnership. C-corporations aretaxed under Subsection C of the Internal Revenue Code.Most major companies are treated as C-corporations forFederal tax purposes.

Cells The construction system employed in container ves-sels that permits containers to be stowed in a vertical line,with each container supporting the one above it inside thecargo hold.

Cellular Vessel A vessel designed with internal ribbing to

permit the support of stacked containers. See “Container-ship.”

Certificate of Origin Document certifying the country of ori-gin of goods, which is normally issued or signed by the rele-vant government department, Chamber of Commerce, orembassy of the exporting country.

CFR A pricing term indicating that the cost of the goods andfreight charges are included in the quoted price.

CFS/CFS A kind of cargo movement by container. Deliveredloose at origin point with vanning by carrier, devanned bycarrier at destination, and picked up loose at destination.

Chassis A wheeled flat-bed constructed to accommodatecontainers moved over the road. Also termed as “Trailers.”

Closing The published deadline for export cargo or contain-ers to be accepted for a sailing of the carrier. CY closing isapplicable to FCLs and CFS closing is applicable to LCLs.Normally, CFS closing is around 24 hours ahead of CY clos-ing, depending on the complexities of export Customs clear-ance formalities at the country. See “Late-Come.”

Connecting Carrier Agreement (CCA) An agreement offreight rates for connections between feeder ports and theports of call of vessels.

Consolidated Cargo Cargo containing shipments of two ormore shippers, usually shipped by a firm called a consolida-tor. The consolidator takes advantage of lower FCL rates,and savings are passed on to shippers.

Consolidation The combination of many small shipmentsinto one container.

Consolidator A person or firm performing a consolidationservice of small lots of cargo for shippers.

Consortium A group of carriers pooling resources, normallycontainer vessels, in a trade lane to maximize their re-sources efficiently.

Construction Management A construction delivery methodin which the Construction Manager solicits bids from andholds all contracts with the individual subcontractors that areperforming the construction work on a project. A construc-tion Manager generally works either for a flat fee or for a per-centage of the total construction cost.

Container A van-type body that can be relatively easily in-terchanged between trucks, trains, and ships.

Container Freight Station (CFS or C.F.S.) Consolidation

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depots where parcels of cargo are grouped and loaded intocontainers. Alternatively, inbound cargo in a container aredevanned for deliveries to consignees as LCLs.

Container Load Plan (CLP) A document prepared toshow all details of cargo loaded in a container, e.g. weight(individual and total), measurement, markings, shippers,consignees, the origin and destination of goods, and loca-tion of cargo within the container. A Container Load Plan iseither prepared by the cargo consolidator or the shipperthat ships its cargo on FCL terms.

Container Number The unique identification of a container

Container Seal Number A number embossed on high-se-curity seals for closing up containers which will serve identi-fication purposes.

Container Size The length of a container i.e. 20’,40’ and45’ (feet).

Containership An ocean vessel specifically designed tocarry ocean cargo containers. It is fitted with vertical cellsfor maximum capacity.

Container Terminal A facility which allows containervelsses to berth alongside for the operations of loading andunloading of containers. Shippers deliver their export con-tainers to the Container Terminal awaiting for loading ontocontainer vessels whilst consignees at ports take delivery ofcontainers from the Container Terminal after they are un-loaded from the container vessels.

Container Type Containers are classified under differenttypes, e.g. dry cargo, reefer, open top, flat-rack, open-side,etc.

Container Yard (CY or C.Y.) A facility inside or outside theContainer Terminal that accepts laden export containersfrom shippers or laden import containers for delivery to con-signees.

Containership An ocean vessel specifically designed tocarry ocean cargo containers. It is fitted with vertical cellsfor maximum capacity.

Controlled Atmosphere (CA) An atmosphere in whichoxygen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen concentrations areregulated, as are temperature and humidity.

Cost and Freight (C&F) A term of trading in which thebuyer of the goods pays an amount that covers the cost ofthe goods plus the cost of transporting the goods from ori-gin to the port of discharge or final destination.

Cost, Insurance, and Freight (CIF) A term of trading inwhich the buyer of the goods pays for the cost of thegoods, the cost of transporting the goods from origin to theport of discharge or final destination, and the insurance pre-mium for a maritime insurance policy for the value of theorder.

Cost Per Key The total renovation cost for the hotel dividedby the number of “keys” (or rooms) in the hotel. Differentowners and consultants may calculate this in differentways.

Cost Per Square Foot The total renovation cost for thehotel divided by the Gross Square Footage (GSF) of thehotel.

Cube the Shipment Measure the total cubic feet of theshipment.

Currency Adjustment Factor (CAF) An ancillary chargeon ocean freight to compensate for exchange rate fluctua-tions.

Customs Bonded Warehouse A publicly- or privately-owned warehouse where dutiable goods are stored pend-ing payment of duty or removal under bond. The storage ordelivery of goods are under the supervision of customs offi-cers, and if the warehouse is privately-owned, the keeperhas to enter into a bond as indemnity in respect of thegoods deposited, which may not be delivered without a re-lease from Customs.

Customs Broker A private business that provides docu-mentation and entry preparation services required by CCRAand U.S. Customs on behalf of an importer/exporter ofrecord. Hired by an importer to carry out Customs-relatedresponsibilities and covered by power of attorney to act onbehalf of the importer/exporter of record.

Customs House A government office where import duties,etc. on foreign shipments are handled.

Custom House Broker An individual or firm licensed toenter and clear goods through Customs.

Customs Self Assessment (CSA) A joint Canada/U.S.border initiative aimed at speeding up the Customs processon low-risk shipments.

Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism (C-TPAT)A joint government and trade community initiative in devel-oping, enhancing, and maintaining effective securityprocesses throughout the global supply chain.

Customs Valuation The determination of the value of im-

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ported goods for the purpose of collecting ad valorem duties.

Cut-off Time Latest possible time the cargo or containermay be delivered to the vessel or designated point. See“Closing.”

Cwt. Hundredweight (100 pounds in the U.S., 112 pounds inthe U.K.).

CY/CFS Cargo loaded in a full container by a shipper at ori-gin, delivered to a CFS facility at destination, and then de-vanned by the carrier for loose pickup.

CY/CY Cargo loaded by the shipper in a full container at ori-gin and delivered to the carrier's terminal at destination forpickup intact by consignee.

Dangerous and Hazardous (D&H) See "DangerousGoods."

Dangerous Goods The term used by I.M.C.O. for haz-ardous materials that are capable of posing a significant riskto health, safety, or property while being transported.

Dead Space Space in a car, truck, vessel, etc., that is notutilized.

Deadweight (D.W.) The number of tons of cargo, stores,and bunker fuel a ship can carry and transport. See "Dead-weight Tonnage."

Deadweight Tonnage (D/W) The number of total weighttons of cargo, stores, and bunker fuel that a vessel can carryand transport. It is the difference between the number of tonsof water a vessel displaces "light" and the number of tons itdisplaces when submerged to the "load line."

Dedicated Unit Train A unit train operated by various rail-roads for exclusive usage.

Delivered Duty Paid (DDP) In DDP, the shipper clears thegoods for export and is responsible for making them avail-able to the buyer at the named place of destination, clearedfor import, paid duty and tax.

Delivered Duty Unpaid (DDU) In DDU, the shipper clearsthe goods for export and is responsible for making themavailable to the buyer at the named place of destination, notcleared for import.

Delivery Order A document authorizing delivery to a nomi-nated party of cargo in the care of a third party. The docu-ment is issued by a carrier or a forwarder on surrender of abill of lading and then used by the merchant to transfer title

by endorsement.

Demurrage Detention of a freight vehicle or container be-yond a stipulated time.

Destination Delivery Charge (DDC) A charge assessed bythe carrier for the handling of a full container at destinations.The term is more commonly used in U.S. trade.

Detention (Demurrage) Charges raised by the carrier or theforwarder for detaining a container/trailer at customer prem-ises for a period longer than that provided in the tariff of thecarrier or the forwarder.

Devanning The removal of cargo from a container. Alsoknown as unstuffing, unloading, or stripping.

Differential Rate An amount added to or deducted from thebase rate to make a rate to or from some other point or viaanother route.

Diversion A change made in the route of a shipment in tran-sit.

Divert The route of a shipment changed in transit from thatshown on the original billing. Used interchangeably with re-consign.

Dock (a) The water alongside a pier or wharf (b) Loading orunloading platform at an industrial location or carrier terminal.

Dock Receipt A document used to acknowledge receipt ofcargo or container at a CFS, a CY, or a Container Terminal.When delivery of an expert shipment is completed, the dockreceipt is surrendered to the vessel operator or the operator'sagent in exchange for the ocean or house bill of lading.

Domestic Within your own country.

Door-to-Door Through transportation of a container and itscargo from consignor's premises to consignee's premises.

Double-deck Load A second tier of cargo placed on top ofthe first tier.

Double Stack Train (DST) Rail or train capable of carryingtwo 40' containers, one on top of the other.

Dray A truck or other equipment designed to haul heavyloads.

Drayage Charge made for local hauling by dray or truck;road transportation between the nearest ocean port or rail-

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way terminal and the stuffing/destuffing place.

Dry Cargo Cargo that does not require temperature con-trol.

Dry Dock An enclosed basin into which a ship is taken forunderwater cleaning and repairing. It is fitted with water-tight entrance gates which when closed permit the dock tobe pumped dry.

Dry-Bulk Container A container constructed to carrygrain, powder, and other free-flowing solids in bulk.

Dunnage Lumber or other material used to brace materialsin carrier's equipment or containers.

Dwell Time Expressed in terms of number of days that acontainer changed from one status to another, e.g. from in-bound load to empty available to outbound load. Theshorter the dwell time, the more efficient the container uti-lization will be.

Empty Depot A container yard used for the storage ofempty containers.

En route Along the route of movement

ETA Estimated time of arrival of carriers

ETD Estimated time of departure of carriers.

Ex Works An INCOTERMS term of sale in which the buyeris responsible for taking delivery of the goods at the prem-ises of the factory. Also known as “F.C.A.”

Exchange Rate The ratio of prices at which the currenciesof nations are exchanged at a particular time.

Existing Drawings A set of documents, often created bythe contractor, of the property as it was built. These draw-ings are based on the Architectural construction documentsfor the property and reflect an conditions that the contractorhad to revise during construction.

Export Shipment of goods to another country.

Export Declaration A government document permittingdesignated goods to be shipped out of the country.

Extended Stay Hotel A hotel oriented toward long-termguest occupancy, as opposed to an all-suites hotel, whichoffers a similar type of room but is marketed to a short-termguest.

FCA Free Carrier. See “Ex-Works.”

FCL/FCL See “CY/CY.”

FCL/LCL See “CY/CFS.”

Feeder Vessel A vessel employed in normally short-searoutes to fetch or carry cargoes and containers to and fromocean-going vessels from the principle port hubs in a re-gion to the minor ports.

Federal Maritime Commission (FMC) U.S. governmentagency responsible for the regulation of all maritime activi-ties.

FF&E / FF&A Furniture, Fixtures, and Equipment (FF&E),or Furniture, Fixtures, and Artwork (FF&A). The equipmentportion of FF&E refers to kitchen and laundry equipment,door locks, phone system, etc. In many capital budgets,this equipment is budgeted in a different category and ispurchased and installed by different vendors than the furni-ture and fixtures.

Final Destination The place at which the carrier or the for-warder actually turns over the container or cargo to the con-signee of its agent. It is the end of liability of carriers orforwarders.

Flash Point A temperature at which certain flammablecargo will trigger spontaneously ignite. It is an IMCO stan-dard information requirement for dangerous goods.

F.O.B. Destination Changes the location where title andrisk pass. Under this arrangement, title and risk remain withthe seller until they have delivered the freight to the deliverylocation specified in the contract.

F.O.B. Origin Title and risk pass to the buyer at the mo-ment of the seller’s delivery to the carrier. The parties mayagree to have title and risk pass at a different time or to al-locate freight charges by a written agreement.

Food and Beverage (F&B) The dining facilities in a hotelproperty. These facilities could include restaurants, bars,dining rooms, coffee shops, staffed or unstaffed “market”type sundries shops, snack bars, etc.

Force Majeure Force of nature. Accidents or incidentscaused by the forces of nature, which are beyond thepower of people to control.

Foreign Exchange Controls Government restrictions on

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the use of currency, bank drafts, or other payment types toregulate imports, exports, and trade balances.

Forty Foot (40’) Equivalent Unit (FEU) Commonly de-scribes a 40-foot container or two TEUs.

Free Along Side (FAS) A basis of pricing meaning the priceof goods alongside a transport vessel at a specified location.The buyer is responsible for loading the goods onto thetransport vessel and paying all the cost of shipping beyondthat location.

Free and Secure Trade (FAST) A joint Canada/U.S. bordersecurity agreement, of which C-TPAT and PIP are the maininitiatives.

Free In and Out (FIO) A term used in ship-charteringwhereby the owner of the ship is not responsible for anycharges incurred in the ports of loading or unloading.

Free On Board (FOB) The seller agrees to deliver merchan-dise, free of all transportation expense, to the place specifiedby the contract. Once delivery is complete, the title to all thegoods and the risk of damage become the buyer’s.

Free Storage Period (FSP) A carrier offers a period of time,normally three to five days, at destinations whereby importedcontainers or cargo are allowed to be taken for delivery byconsignees free of any storage charge. After the FSP, therewill be an overtime storage charge or demurrage levied bythe carriers to the consignee. When bulk shipments are in-volved, the carriers are prepared to negotiate a longer FSPwith the consignees.

Freight (a) The price paid to the carrier for the transporta-tion of goods or merchandise by sea or air from one place toanother. (b) Also used to denote goods that are in theprocess of being transported from one place to another.

Freight All Kind (FAK) A system whereby freight is chargedper container, irrespective of the nature of the cargo, and notaccording to a tariff.

Freight Collect The freight and charges agreed upon by theshipper and carrier are payable at the destination.

Freight Forwarder A freight forwarder combines less-than-truckload (LTL) or less-than-carload (LCL) shipments intocarload or truckload lots. Freight forwarders are designatedas common carriers. They also issue bills of lading and ac-cept responsibility for cargo. The term may also refer to thecompany that fills railroad trains with trailers.

Freight Prepaid Freight and charges are required to be paid

by a shipper before an original bill of lading is released.

Fresh Air Exchange The fresh air exchange system in areefer container which removes harmful gases from reeferscarrying sensitive perishable commodities. The fresh air ventis located on the reefer machinery at the end of the con-tainer. The fresh air vent is adjustable to accommodate a va-riety of cargo and chilled load operating conditions. The freshair vent should be tightly closed when carrying frozen cargo.

Fuel Adjustment Factor (FAF) An ancillary charge onocean freight shipments to account for fluctuations in fuelcosts.

Full Berth Terms (FBT) Indicates that the cost of loadingand discharge is included in the steamship rate quoted. Shipowner pays these.

Full Cellular Ship A ship fitted for container carriage in allavailable space. The ship is fitted with the vertical cells forcontainer placement both below and above deck. No provi-sions are available for cargo other than containers.

Full Container Load (FCL) An arrangement whereby theshipper packs cargo into a container provided by the carrieror the forwarder before delivering to the container terminal.

Full Service Hotel A hotel that offers a wide variety of facili-ties, services, and guest amenities, typically including restau-rants, lounges, meeting and function facilities, and variousrecreational offerings, such as a fitness center, swimmingpool, and whirlpool.

Fumigation Treatment of cargoes with a pesticide - active in-gredient that is a gas under treatment conditions. It is aprocess required by many importing countries for the impor-tation of wood and related products.

Functional Currency The currency of the primary economicenvironment of an entity. For ODFL, this is U.S. dollars.

General Agreement on Tariff and Trade (GATT) An inter-national multilateral agreement embodying a code of practicefor fair trading in international commerce.

General Average An unwritten, non-statutory, internationalmaritime law that is universally recognized and applied. It isfounded on the principle that vessel and goods are parties tothe same venture and share exposure to the same perils,which may require sacrifice or the incurring of extraordinaryexpense on the part of one for the benefit of the whole ven-ture. It is an arrangement that will be applied when the vessel

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encounters serious accidents caused by force majeure.

Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) Aset of widely-accepted accounting standards, set by the Fi-nancial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and used tostandardize financial accounting of public companies.

Genset (Generator Set) A portable power generator, whichconverts fuel into electrical power by mechanical means,and from which a reefer draws power. A clip-on generatorset is mounted to the front of the refrigeration unit. An en-derslung generator set is mounted to the chassis uponwhich the reefer is mounted for handling and transport. Theunderslung generator set can be either side-mounted orcenter-mounted on the chassis.

Gooseneck The front rails of the chassis that raise abovethe plane of the chassis and engage in the tunnel of a con-tainer.

G.R.I. General Rate Increase.

Gross Tonnage Applies to vessels, not to cargo. Deter-mined by dividing by 100 the contents, in cubic feet, of thevessel's closed-in spaces. A vessel ton is 100 cubic feet.

Gross Weight Entire weight of goods, packaging, andcontainer, ready for shipment.

Hague Rules These rules, set by the 1924 InternationalConvention on Carriage of Goods by Sea, govern liabilityfor loss or damage to goods carried by sea under a bill oflading.

Hague-Visby Rules 1968 Revision of Hague Rules.

Hamburg Rules A new set of rules that radically alters theliability that shipowners have to bear for loss or damage ofgoods in the courts of those nations where the rules apply,adopted in March 1978 at an international conference inHamburg.

Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding Sys-tem A multi-purpose international goods-classification formanufacturers, transporters, exporters, importers, customsofficials, statisticians, and others in classifying goods mov-ing in international trade under a single commodity code.Developed under the auspices of the Customs Coopera-tions Council (CCC), an international customs organizationin Brussels, this code is a hierarchically-structured productnomenclature containing approximately 5,000 headings

and subheadings describing the articles moving in interna-tional trade. It is organized into 99 chapters arranged in 22sections. Sections encompass an industry (e.g. Section XI,Textiles and Textile Articles), and chapters encompass thevarious materials and products of the industry (e.g. Chapter50, Silk; Chapter 55, Manmade Staple Fibres; Chapter 57,Carpets). The basic code contains four-digit headings andsix-digit subheadings. (The U.S. will add digits for tariff andstatistical purposes.) In the U.S., duty rates will be at theeight-digit level; statistical suffixes will be at the ten-digitlevel.

Haulier The participating carrier responsible for drayage ofcontainers.

Heavy Lift Articles too heavy to be lifted by a ship's tackle.

Heavy-Lift Charge A charge made for lifting articles tooheavy to be lifted by a ship's tackle.

High Cube (HC or HQ) Any container that exceeds 8’ 6”(102”) in height, usually 9’ 6”.

Hold It is the part of the ship below decks where the cargois stored.

House Bill of Lading (HB/L) Bill of lading issued by a for-warder or an NVOCC operator.

House-to-House (H/H) See “CY/CY.”

House-to-Pier (H/P) See “CY/CFS.”

Hull Underwriter The person with whom the ship hull, ma-chinery apparel, and tackle is insured.

HVAC Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning system

Import Licence A document required and issued by somenational governments authorizing the importation of goodsinto their individual countries.

Import Permit Usually required for items that might affectpublic health, morals, animal life, vegetation, etc. Examplesinclude foodstuffs, feedstuffs, pharmaceuticals (human andveterinary), medical equipment, seeds, plants, and variouswritten material (including tapes, cassettes, movies, TVtapes, or TV movies). In some countries an import permit isthe same as an import license.

In Bond A term indicating that an imported shipment wasnot cleared by Customs at the border and is moving under

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a surety bond.

In Transit In passage from one place to another.

Inbound Inward bound. Direction of vessel or cargo going toport of discharge or final destination.

Incentive Fees – Management fees that are contingent uponachieving certain pre-defined levels of profitability.

Incoterms A set of uniform rules codifying the interpretationof trade terms defining the rights and obligations of bothbuyer and seller in an international transaction, thereby en-abling an otherwise complex basis for a sale contract to beaccomplished in three letters. INCOTERMS are drafted bythe International Chamber of Commerce.

Inland Clearance Depot A CFS with Customs clearance fa-cilities.

Insulated Container A container insulated on the walls, roof,floor and doors, to reduce the effect of external temperatureson the cargo.

Insulated Tank Container The frame of a container con-structed to hold one or more thermally insulated tanks for liq-uids.

Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) A collaborative systemwhere the design team, contractor, and purchasing agent areall retained for the project at the beginning to create efficien-cies and manage tight schedule.

Interchange Transfer of a container from one party to an-other.

Interior Points Intermodal (IPI) A term used by ocean carri-ers to describe door-to-door delivery service.

Intermodal Pertaining to transportation involving more thanone form of carrier: truck, ship and rail.

Intermodal Transport Moving ocean freight containers byvarious transportation modes. The fact that the containersare of the same size and have common handling characteris-tics permits them to be transferred from truck to railroad to aircarrier to ocean carrier.

International Maritime Consultative Organization (IMCO)A forum in which most major maritime nations participate andthrough which recommendations for the carriage of danger-ous goods, bulk commodities, and maritime regulations be-come internationally acceptable.

International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) CodeThe IMCO recommendations for the carriage of dangerousgoods by sea.

International Organization for Standardization (ISO)ISO is a worldwide federation of national standards bodiesfrom some 130 countries, one from each country. It is a non-governmental organization established in 1947 to promotethe development of standardization facilitating internationaltrade. ISO's work results in international agreements, whichare published as International Standards.

Invoice Documentation supplying Customs with the type ofgoods, quantity, price of each type and terms of sale. Thetype of invoice required is determined by the shipment’svalue.

Keel The main center-line structural member, running foreand aft along the bottom of a ship, sometimes referred to asthe backbone.

Key A term used to describe a single sellable guestroom. Itmay be composed of one or more structural bays. In order toqualify as a “key,” it must have at least one bed and onebathroom, consisting of at least one toilet, sink, and tub orshower.

Knot A unit of speed. The term "knot" means velocity in nau-tical miles per hour whether of a vessel or current. One nauti-cal mile is roughly equivalent to 1.15 statute miles or 1.85kilometers.

Lashing Support for cargoes inside a container or a cargohold to enure that they are secured and will not be subject torolling during the voyage from origin to destination.

Late-Come A term used in the liner industry when exten-sions are being given to the shippers against the official CYor CFS closing date and time, which carriers publish to thetrade.

LCL/FCL See “CFS/CY.”

LCL/LCL See “CFS/CFS.”

Less than Container Load (LCL) Cargo in quantity lessthan required for the application of a container load rate.

Letter of Indemnity Guarantee from the shipper or con-signee to indemnify carriers or forwarders for costs and/or

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loss, if any, in order to obtain favourable action by carriersor forwarders. It is customary practice for carriers and for-warders to demand letters of indemnity from consignees fortaking delivery of cargo without surrendering a bill of ladingthat has been delayed or is lost. Lien A legal claim upon goods for the satisfaction of somedebt or duty.

Lift-On/Lift-Off (LO-LO) A container ship onto which con-tainers are lifted by crane.

Lighter An open or covered barge towed by a tugboat andused mainly in harbours and inland waterways.

Lighterage Refers to the carriage of cargo by lighter andthe charge assessed therefor.

Liner Vessel plying a regular trade/defined route against apublished sailing schedule.

Liner Terms Freight includes the cost of loading onto anddischarging from the vessel.

Lloyds' Registry An organization maintained for the sur-veying and classing of ships so that insurance underwritersand others may know the quality and condition of the ves-sels offered for insurance or employment.

Load Factor Percent of loaded containers against total ca-pacity of vessel or allocation.

Locking Bar Device that secures container doors at topand bottom.

Long Ton 2,240 pounds.

Longshoreman Workers employed in the terminals orquays to load and unload ships. They are also known as“stevedores.”

Loose Without packing.

Low-Bed A trailer or semi-trailer with no sides and with thefloor of the unit close to the ground.

Luxury Hotel A hotel that offers the highest level of serv-ice, facilities, guest amenities, and design and often in-cludes special features for guests such as a spa, tenniscourts, or golf course.

Manifest A document that lists in detail all the bills of lad-ing issued by a vessel or its agent or master, i.e. a detailedsummary of the total cargo or containers loaded in a ves-sel. Used principally for customs purposes, it is also called

summary of Bills of Lading.

Maquiladoras Duty-free (for U. S. import) manufacturingplants located in Mexico.

Marine Insurance Broadly, insurance covering loss ordamage of goods at sea. Marine insurance typically com-pensates the owner of merchandise for losses sustainedfrom fire, shipwreck, piracy, and various other causes butexcludes losses that can be legally recovered.

Marks and Numbers Markings placed on packages for ex-port for identification purposes, generally a triangle, square,circle, diamond, or cross with letters and/or numbers andport discharge. They are of important use before container-ization.

Master Bill of lading (MB/L) See “Ocean Bill of Lading.”

Master Lease Master Lease is one form of a short-termlease, which refers to the leasing of the containers by carri-ers from those leasing companies.

Master Lease Leasing Cost Master lease leasing cost in-cludes container rental, depot lift-on/lift-off charge, on/offhire drayage, drop-off charge, off-hire repair cost, etc. Dueto off-hire quota limitation, the average on-hire period isaround 73 days for 20'GP and 40'GP, and 102 days for40'HQ.

Mate's Receipt A receipt signed by a mate of the vessel,acknowledging receipt of cargo by the vessel. The individ-ual in possession of the mate's receipt is entitled to the billof lading, which in due course is issued in exchange for thatreceipt.

Maximum Payload Maximum cargo that can be loadedinto a container either by weight or volume.

Maximum Rate The highest frieght rate permitted by a reg-ulatory body to apply between points.

Measurement Ton One cubic meter. One of the alternativebases of Freight Tariff.

Microbridge A landbridge movement in which cargo origi-nating from/ destined to an inland point is railed or truckedto/from the water port for a shipment to/from a foreign coun-try. The carrier is responsible for cargo and costs from ori-gin to destination. Also known as I.P.I. or Through Service.

Mini-Bridge Cargo moving from/to an inland destinationon one bill of lading from/to a foreign port through two U.S.ports.

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Mini Landbridge (MLB) An intermodal system for transport-ing containers from/to a foreign country by water to/from aU.S. ocean port other than the arrival port, by rail, at throughrates and documents.

Minimum Charge The lowest charge that can be assessedto transport a shipment.

MT (M/T) (a) Metric Ton or Cubic meter. (b) Empty container.(c) Multimodal Transport.

Negotiable Bill of Lading Original bill of lading endorsed byshipper that is used for negotiating with banks.

Negotiating Bank A bank named in the credit; examines thedocuments and certifies to the issuing bank that the termsare complied with.

Net Tonnage A vessel's gross tonnage minus deductions ofspace occupied by accommodation for crew, by machinery,for navigation, and by the engine room and fuel. A vessel'snet tonnage expresses the space available for passengersand cargo.

Net Operating Income (NOI) Income after managementfees and fixed charges (i.e. rent, property, and other taxesand insurance) but before replacement reserves and doesnot include items such as interest, depreciation, amortization,and income taxes. Income after reserves is now referred toas Adjusted Net Operating Income (but still does not includeinterest, depreciation, amortization, and income taxes).

Net Weight Weight of the goods alone without any immedi-ate wrappings, e.g. the weight of the contents of a tin canwithout the weight of the can. Also called actual net weight.

Non-negotiable Bill of Lading Copy of the original bill oflading, which cannot be negotiated with banks.

Non-vessel Owning / Operating Common Carrier(NVOCC) (a) A cargo consolidator of small shipments inocean trade, generally soliciting business and arranging foror performing containerization functions at the port. (b) A car-rier issuing a bill of lading for carriage of goods on a vesselthat he neither owns nor operates.

North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) The jointCanada, Mexico, and United States treaty to reduce tariffsand trade barriers to promote cross-border economic activity.

Ocean Bill of Lading (Ocean B/L) A bill of lading issued bythe ocean-going carriers.

Ocean Route The all-water transportation portion of a route.

O.C.P. Rate Overland Common Point rates are generallylower than local tariff rates. They were established by theU.S. west coast steamship companies in conjunction withrailroads serving the western U.S. ports so that cargo origi-nating from or destined to the American midwest and eastwould be competitive with all-water rates via the U.S. Atlanticand Gulf ports. O.C.P. rates are also applicable to easternCanada.

On Board Cargoes or containers landed onto the cargo holdor the cells of carriers.

On Board Bill of Lading A Bill of Lading in which a carrieracknowledges that cargo have been placed on board a cer-tain vessel. The on-board date of bills of lading is the date onwhich liabilities of the carrier start.

On Deck A special stowage instruction to confine that thecargo stowage must be on deck rather than under deck.

One-Way Lease The lease of containers that covers theoutbound voyage only, after which the containers are re-turned to the lease holder at or near the agreed destination.

Open-Top Container A container fitted with a solid remov-able roof or with a tarpaulin roof that can be loaded or un-loaded from the top.

Operator The entity that manages the day-to-day functionsof the hotel and offers the guestrooms for sale. Some hotelowners are also operations of their hotels, others contractwith hotel management companies operate hotels on theirbehalf.

Origin Receiving Charge (O.R.C.) A terminal handlingcharge levied at ports of loading.

OS&E Operating Supplies and Equipment.

Overheight Cargo Cargo that exceed 9-1/2 ft. in height.They normally have to be stowed in an open-top container.

Packing List A document provided by the shipper de-tailing the packaging of the goods, including their weight andmeasurement, assortment, etc.

Participating Carrier (Tariff) A carrier that is a party, underconcurrence, to a tariff issued by another transportation lineor by a tariff's publishing agent.

Partners in Protection (PIP) A CCRA initiative designed toenlist the cooperation of private industry in efforts to enhance

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border security and increase awareness of customs compli-ance issues.

Perishable Cargo Cargo subject to decay or deterioration,normally fresh food and vegetables, etc.Pier-to-House (P/H) See “CFS/CY.”

Pier-to-Pier (P/P) See “CFS/CFS.”

Place of Acceptance See “Place of Receipt.”

Place of Delivery See “Final Destination.”

Place of Receipt (P.O.R.) Location where cargo enters thecare and custody of the carrier. Same as Place of Accept-ance. It is the starting port of carrier’s liability upon receiptof cargo from shippers.

Port (a) Harbour with piers or dock. (b) Left side of a shipwhen facing the bow. (c) Opening in a ship's side for han-dling freight.

Port of Arrival Location where imported merchandise isoff-loaded from the importing aircraft or vessel.

Port of Call A port where a vessel discharges or receivestraffic.

Port of Entry A port where cargo and containers destinedelsewhere are actually discharged from a vessel.

Port of Discharge (POD) The port at which cargo or con-tainers are unloaded from a vessel. When transshipment isneeded, there can be a number of PODs during the courseof shipment until it reaches the final POD.

Port of Loading (P.O.L.) The port at which cargo or con-tainers are loaded onto vessels.

Pre-Arrival Processing System (PAPS) An electronicsystem that allows U.S. Customs to review and pre-releaseshipments for import into the U.S.

Pre-Arrival Review System (PARS/INPARS) Availableboth at the border and inland (INPARS). An electronic sys-tem that allows CCRA to review and pre-release shipmentsfor import into Canada.

Private Company A company whose shares are not tradedon the open market.

Product Improvement Plan / Property ImprovementPlan (“PIP”) A document, usually created by a hotel

brand, that details the improvements that must be made toa hotel property to obtain or maintain that hotel brand flag.PIPs are usually created upon transfer of ownership and re-newal of license agreements.

Project Management A type of firm that works directly onbehalf of the owner, managing all the portions of the designand construction work, and that generally holds no subcon-tracts.

Property Condition Assessment A detailed inspection ofa property’s existing conditions often done as part of aproperty transfer or as a due diligence project.

Public Company A company that has issued securitiesthrough a public offering, and whose securities are tradedon the open market.

Quarantine The period during which a vessel is detainedin isolation until free from any contagious disease amongthe passengers or crew. The word is now applied to thesanitary regulations, which are the modern substitute forquarantine. During the quarantine period, the Q flag ishoisted.

Quarantine Buoy One of the yellow buoys at the entranceof a harbour indicating the place where vessels must an-chor for the exercise of quarantine regulations.

Quarantine Declaration A document signed by the cap-tain and the ship’s doctor before the port health officerwhen a ship arrives at the quarantine station. It gives thename of the ship, tonnage, number of crew, first port of voy-age and date of sailing, intermediate ports called at, num-ber of passengers for the port at which the vessel isarriving, number of transit passengers, cases of infectiousdiseases during voyage, deaths, nature of cargo and, nameof agents. The port health officer then proceeds with themedical inspection of passengers and crew. Also called“Entry Declaration.”

Quarantine Dues A charge against all vessels entering aharbour to provide for the maintenance of medical controlservice. Also called “Quarantine Fees.”

Quarantine Flag (Q Flag) A yellow flag used as a sanitarysignal. It is displayed by all vessels entering a harbour, andalso when a contagious or infectious disease exists onboard or when the vessel has been placed in quarantine.

Quarantine Harbour A place where vessels in quarantine

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are stationed when arriving from contaminated ports.

Quarantine Station A medical control center located inan isolated spot ashore where patients with contagiousdiseases from vessels in quarantine are taken. It is alsoused for passengers and crews of vessels arriving fromsuspected ports while fumigation or any other disinfectionis carried out onboard ship.

Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) A company thatpurchases and manages a portfolio of real estate or realestate loans to earn profit for its shareholders, usingmoney invested by its shareholders.

Received-for-Shipment Bill of Lading A term used incontrast to shipped bill of lading or on-board bill of lading.This kind of bill of lading is normally issued to acknowl-edge receipt of shipment before cargo loading or beforethe official original bill of lading is issued. Nowadays, notmany shippers ask for this kind of bill of lading.

Reefer The generic name for a temperature-controlledcontainer. The containers, which are insulated, are spe-cially-designed to allow temperature-controlled air circula-tion within the container. A refrigeration plant is built intothe rear of the container.

Relative Humidity % The Ratio of the actual amount ofwater vapour in the air to the maximum it can hold atagiven temperature, multiplied by 100.

Relay To transfer cargo from one ship to another of thesame ownership.

Release Note A receipt signed by a customer acknowl-edging the delivery of cargo.

Release Notification System (RNS) The electronic noti-fication system that provides customers, customs agen-cies, and customers’ broker representatives withproactive notification of shipment acceptance, review,and release.

Repairs and Maintenance (R&M) Preventative mainte-nance and normal repairs to equipment due to wear andtear. These repairs need to be done whether or not aproperty is being upgraded, renovated, or repositioned.For instance, replacing a filter on the HVAC system is anR&M item; replacing the entire HVAC system is a capitalexpense.

Return on Investment (ROI) The monetary benefits derivedfrom having spent money on developing or renovating ahotel.

RevPAR Room Revenue Per Available Room, expressed asthe product of the occupancy rate times the attained averagedaily rate.

Revenue Ton (R/T) The greater weight or measurement ofcargo where 1 ton is either 1,000 kilos or 1 cubic meter (formetric system). Also known as “Bill of Lading Ton” or “FreightTon.” It is used to calculate freight charges.

Roll-On/Roll-Off (Ro/Ro) A feature designed in a specially-constructed vessel in both the loading and discharging ports.

Route The plan of movements of a vessel from the first portof call to her final destination.

Said to Contain (STC) A standard clause used to protectcarriers, NVOCC operators, or forwarders when cargo arestuffed into the container by shippers, their agents, or otherthird parties. See also “Shipper’s Load and Count.”

Salvage Property that has been recovered from a wreckedvessel, or the recovery of the ship herself.

Salvage Clause A marine insurance policy clause thatstates the proportion of salvage charges for which underwrit-ers are liable.

Salvage Lien A maritime lien that exists when a ship orgoods come into the possession of one who preserves themfrom the perils at sea. All salvage services carry with them amaritime lien on the items saved.

Salvage Value The value on which salvage is awarded. Itgenerally means the value of ship and cargo when they havebeen brought to a place of safety by the salvors.

S-corporation A form of corporation, allowed by the IRS formost companies with 75 or fewer shareholders, which en-ables the company to enjoy the benefits of incorporation butbe taxed as if it were a partnership.

Scope of Services The itemized description of all servicesto be rendered by a consultant.

Scope of Work The itemized description of all renovation orconstruction tasks in a capital project.

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Seal A metal strip and lead fastener used for lockingcontainers, freight cars or truck doors. Seals are num-bered for record and security purposes.

Seal Record A record of the number, condition, andmarks of identification on seals made at various timesand places, referring to the movement of the containerbetween origin and destination.

Select Service Hotel A hotel that offers only some ofthe facilities, services, and guest amenities typically of-fers by Full Service hotels, if offered at all. This producttype largely reflects rooms-only operations, typically withnonexistent or very limited food and beverage meetingfacilities

Service Contract The Shipping Act of 1984 of the U.S.allows a contract between a shipper (or a shippers' asso-ciation) and an ocean common carrier, NVOCC operator,or a Shipping Conference in which the shipper makes acommitment to provide a certain minimum quantity ofcargo or freight revenue over a fixed time period, and theocean common carrier, NVOCC operator, or conferencecommits to a certain rate or rate schedule and a definedservice level (such as assured space, transit time, portrotation, or similar service features). The contract mayalso specify provisions in the event of nonperformanceon the part of either party.

Ship Chandler An individual or company selling equip-ment and supplies for ships.

Ship Owner One of the persons in whom the title ofproperty of a ship or ships is vested.

Ship Planning A function in the operations of containervessels where containers have to be planned for loadingonto vessels, taking into consideration the size andweight of containers, transshipment and discharging portrotation, types of cargo, etc. The officer responsible forsuch a function is called a “Ship Planner.”

Shipped Bill of Lading A bill of lading issued only afterthe cargo have actually been shipped on board the ves-sel, as distinguished from the Received-for-Shipment billof lading. Also see “On-board Bill of Lading.”

Shipped On-board Endorsement on a bill of ladingconfirming loading of cargoes or containers on a vessel.

Shipper The person for whom the owners of a shipagree to carry goods to a specified destination and at aspecified price. Also called “Consignor.” The conditions

under which the transportation is effected are stipulated in thebill of lading.

Shipper Owned Container (SOC) The container used forcargo shipment is owned by the shipper.

Shipper’s Export Declaration (SED) A form often requiredprior to exporting a product. See “Overview of the Shipper'sExport Declaration (SED)” for more information.

Shipper's Load and Count Shipments loaded and sealed byshippers and not checked or verified by the carriers or for-warders. Neither the carriers nor the forwarders will assumeany liability for shortages of cargo as long as the containerseal remains intact at the time of devanning.

Shipping Order A set of documents of carriers or forwardersthat allows the shippers to book shipping space with them.There are a number of copies with the same form and con-tents but with different names - the 1st copy is called ShippingOrder, and the remainder are called Shipping Order Copy orDock Receipt - and for different purposes such as space con-trol, surveyor and sworn measurer, confirmation of receipt ofcargo/containers, etc. As EDI is more popular nowadays andused by both the shipper and Customs, a hard copy ShippingOrder is no longer widely used.

Shipside Delivery A special cargo handling instruction forcargo to be delivered right away at shipside after discharge.

Shop Drawings Drawings of contractor- or vendor-supplieditems (ie. light fixtures, furniture) utilized in a renovation orconstruction project. Shop drawings are submitted to the de-sign team for review to verify a product’s consistency with theitem specified by the designer.

Shut-out Cargo or containers that are not loaded on-boardthe intended vessel in line with the Shipping Order confirmedwith the carrier.

Slot Space on board a vessel occupied by a container.

Softgoods This term can be defined differently by differentfirms. One common definition is that softgoods consist ofeverything in the guestroom that is not a casegood (ie soft-goods would include lighting, wallcovering, artwork, etc.) Oth-ers would define softgoods as only the “soft” or fabric items inthe room: window and bed treatments, carpet and pad, andsoft seating.

Stability The force that holds a vessel upright or returns it toupright if keeled over. Weights on the lower hold increase sta-bility. A vessel is stiff if it has high stability, tender if it has low

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stability.

Stack Car An articulated five-platform railcar that allowscontainers to be double-stacked. A stack car holds ten40-foot equivalent units.

Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) Astandard numerical code used by the United Nations toclassify commodities used in international trade.

Stevedore See “Longshoreman.”

Store-Door Delivery (STOR/DOR) Delivery of goods tothe consignee's place of business or warehouse bymotor vehicle. Refers to a complete package of deliveryservices performed by a carrier from origin to final con-sumption point, whether that be a retail, wholesale, orother final distribution facility.

Store-Door Pickup Picking up an empty container froma carrier, delivering it to a merchant, and returning theladen container; the portion of store-door pickup per-formed by the carrier's trucker.

Stowage A marine term referring to loading freight intothe ships' holds.

Straight Bill of Lading A term for a non-negotiable billof lading.

Stripping The unloading of a container.

Stuffing The loading of a container.

Supply Air Cooled or warmed air leaving the evaporatordelivered to the interior of the container. Supply air issometimes called delivery-air.

Surcharge An extra or additional charge.

T-floor Interior floor in a reefer, so named because ofthe longitudinal T-shaped rails that support the cargoand form a plenum for air flow beneath the cargo.

Tail The rear of a container

Tank Container A specially constructed container fortransporting liquids and gases in bulk.

Tare Weight The weight of packing material or, in car-load shipments, the weight of the empty freight car or theweight of a container.

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Tariff A publication setting forth the charges, rates, andrules of transportation companies.

Terminal An assigned area in which containers are pre-pared for loading into a vessel or are stacked immedi-ately after discharge from the vessel.

Terminal Handling Charge (THC) A charge of carriersfor recovering the costs of handling FCLs at containerterminals at origin or destination.

Terminal Receiving Charge (TRC) A charge assessedby the terminal for cargo being delivered for export.

Through Rate The total rate from the point of origin tothe final destination.

Through Service (Thru Service) A combination oftransportation by sea and land services to/from the pointof origin to the final destination.

Time Charter A charter party hiring a vessel for a speci-fied period of time in which the shipowner provides thevessel, bunkers, and crew while the charterer suppliesthe cargo.

Time Volume Agreement (TVA) A contract between acarrier and shipper specifying the movement of a num-ber of containers over time.

Tonnage Generally refers to freight handled.

Total Revenue Total income for a hotel from all sources,such as room charges, FF&E income, meeting spacerental income, etc.

Towage The charge made for towing a vessel.

Tramp A freighter vessel that does not run in any regu-lar trade lane but takes cargo wherever the shippers de-sire.

Tranship To transfer goods from one transportation line(trade lane) to another, or from one ship to another.

Transhipment Hub A port that is employed by a carrierfor transshipping its carriers from one transportation line(trade lane) to another.

Transit Cargo Goods onboard, which upon their arrivalat a certain port are not to be discharged at that port.

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Transit Port A port where cargo received are merely enroute and from which they have to be transferred anddispatched to their ultimate destination by coasters,barge, and so on. Also called “Transshipment Port.”

Twenty Foot (20’) Equivalent Unit (TEU) Commonlydescribes a 20-foot container.

UCP500 Revised and updated version of UCP operat-ing from January 1, 1994.

UN United Nations.

UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and De-velopment

UNCTAD MMO UNCTAD Multi Modal Transport Con-vention

Underwriter In marine insurance, one who subscribeshis name to the policy indicating his acceptance of the li-ability mentioned therein, in consideration for which hereceives a premium.

Uniform Customs and Practice of DocumentaryCredit (UCP) The "bankers Bible" on DocumentaryCredit Interpretation issued by the the InternationalChamber of Commerce (I.C.C.).

Unit Load Packages loaded on a pallet, in a crate, orany other way that enables them to be handled at onetime as a unit.

Unit Train A train of a specified number of railcars, per-haps 100, wherein the cars remain in a unit for a desig-nated destination or until a change in routing is made.

Vanning A term sometimes used for stowing cargo in acontainer.

VAT, Mexico Valued-Added Tax on the portion of serviceprovided by the Mexican carrier. The invoicing party isdue to collect and remit this tax.

Vessel's Manifest Statement of a vessel's cargo orcontainers (revenue, consignee, marks, etc.).

Voyage Charter A charter party hiring a vessel for aparticular voyage in which the shipowner provides thevessel, bunkers, and crew while the charterer supplies

the cargo.

Voyage Direction The sector of a round trip voyage nor-mally denoted by the direction of the sailing.

Voyage Number The numeric identification of a trip un-dertaken by a vessel on a fixed trade lane.

War Risk Insurance coverage for loss of goods result-ing from any act of war.

Waybill (WB) A document prepared by a transportationline at the point of a shipment. Shows the point of theorigin, destination, route, consignor, consignee, descrip-tion of shipment, and amount charged for the transporta-tion service. A waybill is forwarded with the shipment orsent by mail to the agent at the transfer point or waybilldestination. Unlike a bill of lading, a waybill is not a doc-ument of title.

Weight Cargo A cargo on which the transportationcharge is assessed on the basis of weight.

Wharfage A charge assessed by a pier or dock owneragainst freight handled over the pier or dock or against asteamship company using the pier or dock.

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Jonathan C. Nehmer, AIA, ISHCPresident301.670.1635 | [email protected]

Warren G. Feldman, AIAExecutive Vice President240.683.7123 | [email protected]

Scott P. Rosenberg, AIA, MRICS, LEED APSenior Vice President301.670.1635 | [email protected]

FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTACT:

Christine M. ShanahanManaging Director of Design240.683.7123 | [email protected]

2013 quark cost est guide template 2014 no … jeff higley | editorial director, ......

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