2011˛se 8˛mw BIv‰v

2011˛se tIcf t]meokv BIv‰v

tIcf kwÿm\sØ t]meokv tk\bpsS cq]oIcWhpw

\nb{¥Whpw A[nImcßfpw I¿Øhyßfpw kw_‘n®

\nbaw t{ImUoIcn°p∂Xn\pw t`ZKXn sNøp∂Xn\pw

AXpambn _‘s∏´Xpw AXn\v B\pjwKnIhpamb

Imcy߃°pwth≠nbpff

Hcp

BIv‰v

]oTnI.-̨ cmjv{SØns‚ AJWvUXbpw kpc£nXXzhpw kwc£n°p∂Xn\pw, Hmtcm

]uct‚bpw Poh\pw kzØn\pw kzmX{¥yØn\pw A¥ n\pw a\pjymhImi߃°pw

`cWLS\m\pkrXamb ]cnKW\ \¬In bYmhn[nbpff kpXmcyXtbmSpIqSn \nbahmgvN

Dd∏m°p∂Xn\pw sXmgn¬ sshZKv≤yapffXpw ]cnioen∏n°s∏´Xpw ss\]pWyhpw

A®S°hpw A¿∏Wt_m[hpw DffXpamb Hcp t]meokv kwhn[m\w G¿s∏SptØ≠Xv

bp‡ambncn°pIbmepw;

aXnbmbXpw hyhÿm]nXhpw Bb A[nImcßfpw DØchmZnXzßfpw \¬In,

t]meokns\ Imcy£aXtbmSpIqSn A[nImc߃ hn\ntbmKn°phm\pw I¿Øhy߃

\n¿Δln°phm\pw {]m]vXcmt°≠Xv Bhiyambncn°pIbmepw;

B[p\nI P\m[n]Xy kaqlØn\v A\ptbmPyambn {]h¿Øn°p∂Xpw

P\kulm¿±hpw {Iakam[m\hpw \ne\n¿Øp∂Xpamb Hcp t]meokv kwhn[m\w

th≠Xn\mepw;

t]meokn¬ \n£n]vXamb A[nImc߃ Zp¿hn\ntbmKw sNøs∏Sp∂n√sb∂pw

t]meokns‚ {]h¿Ø\߃ hyhÿm]nXhpw Imcy£ahpamb \nb{¥W߃°v

hnt[bamsW∂v Dd∏phcptØ≠Xv AXy¥mt]£nXambXn\mepw;

Ct∏mƒ, AXn\m¬, tIcf kwÿm\sØ t]meokv tk\bpsS cq]oIcWhpw

\nb{¥Whpw A[nImchpw I¿Øhyßfpw kw_‘n® \nbaw t{ImUoIcn°p∂Xpw

t`ZKXnsNøp∂Xpw A\pt]£WobambXn\mepw;

`mcX dn∏ªn°ns‚ Adp]Ønsbm∂mw kwh’cØn¬ C\n ]dbpw {]Imcw

\nbaap≠m°p∂p:˛

A≤ymbw˛1

{]mcw`w

1. Npcp°t∏cpw, hym]vXnbpw, {]mcw`hpw:-̨ (1) Cu BIv‰n\v 2011 se tIcf t]meokv

BIv‰v, F∂v t]cv ]dbmw.

(2) CXn\v tIcf kwÿm\w apgph≥ hym]vXnbp≠mbncn°p∂XmWv.

(3) CXv DS≥ {]m_eyØn¬ hcp∂XmWv.

2. \n¿ΔN\߃:- (1) Cu BIv‰n¬, kμ¿`w a‰phn[Øn¬ Bhiys]SmØ]£w,˛

(F) “ IΩoj≥” F∂m¬ 24˛mw hIp∏p{]Imcw cq]oIcn°s∏´ kwÿm\

kpc£mIΩoj≥ F∂¿∞amIp∂p;

(_n) “Pn√m aPnkvt{S‰v ”F∂m¬ at‰Xv DtZymKt]cn\m¬ B DtZymKÿ≥

Adnbs∏´mepw, Hcp Pn√bpsS FIvknIyp´ohv `cWØns‚ NpaXebp≈ DtZymKÿ≥

F∂¿∞amIp∂p;

(kn) “k¿°m¿” F∂m¬ tIcf k¿°m¿ F∂¿∞amIp∂p;

(Un) “ÿew” F∂Xn¬ ÿnctam Xm¬°menItam Bb GsX¶nepw sI´nSw,

IqSmcw, _qØv, hml\w As√¶n¬ a‰p \n¿ΩmW߃, sI´nbS®tXm Xpd mbtXm Bb

Ic, IS¬, Imb¬, XSmIw, \ZnIƒ, tXmSpIƒ, NXp∏v A¥co£w F∂nhbpƒs∏sSbp≈

GsX¶nepw {]tZiw F∂nh Dƒs∏Sp∂XmIp∂p;

(C) “t]meokv” v F∂Xn¬ 3˛Dw 4˛Dw hIp∏pIƒ {]Imcw hn\n¿t±in°s∏´

I¿Øhyßfpw NpaXeIfpw \n¿Δln°p∂hcpw A{]Imcw sNøp∂Xn\v 88˛mw

hIp∏p{]Imcw A[nImcs∏SpØs∏´hcpamb F√m BfpIfpw F∂¿∞amIp∂Xpw

Dƒs∏Sp∂XpamIp∂p;

(F v̂) “t]meokv tk\” F∂m¬ 14˛mw hIp∏n¬ ]cma¿in°s∏´ t]meokv tk\

F∂¿∞amIp∂p;

(Pn) “t]meokv Pn√” F∂m¬ Cu BIv‰ns‚ 16˛mw hIp∏p {]Imcw {]Jym]n°s∏´

{]mtZinI taJe F∂¿∞amIp∂p;

(F®v) “t]meokv DtZymKÿ≥” F∂m¬ t]meokv tk\bnse Hcp AwKw

F∂¿∞amIp∂Xpw C¥y≥ t]meokv k¿Δoknse Hcp DtZymKÿ≥

Dƒs∏Sp∂XpamIp∂p;

(sF) “hkvXp” F∂Xn¬ ]Whpw, hne]nSn∏p≈ CuSpw, ÿmhctam, PwKatam,

UnPn‰tem Bb F√m hkvXp°fpw Dƒs∏Sp∂XmIp∂p;

(sP) “s]mXpÿew”F∂m¬ AhImiamtbm A√msXtbm s]mXpP\Øn\v

{]thin°mhp∂ GsXmcp ÿehpw F∂¿∞amIp∂Xpw:-̨

(i) Hcp s]mXp sI´nShpw kvamcIhpw AhbpsS ]cnkchpw; IqSmsX

(ii) sh≈saSp°p∂Xnt\m IgpIp∂Xnt\m Ipfn°p∂Xnt\m k©mcw, hnt\mZw,

Blmcw, hn{iaw, NnIn’, hym]mcw apXembhbvt°m GsX¶nepw tkh\Ønt\m th≠n

s]mXpP\Øn\v {]thi\ap≈Xmb GsXmcp ÿehpw, Dƒs∏Sp∂XpamIp∂p.

(sI) “tkh\ZmXmhv” F∂m¬ GsX¶nepw {]Xn^ew kzoIcnt®m A√msXtbm

s]mXpP\Ønt\m AXns‚ GsX¶nepw hn`mKØnt\m Hcp hy‡nt°m GsX¶nepw tkh\w

{]Zm\w sNøp∂Xmb GsX¶nepw Btfm GP≥kntbm AXns‚ NpaXe°mct\m

Poh\°mct\m F∂¿∞amIp∂Xpw t^m¨, C‚¿s\‰v, Iºyq´¿, hml\w, Blmcw, Pew,

[\Imcyw, hmSI, ]Wbw, Bip]{Xn, et_md´dn, ipNoIcWw, tISp]mSpXo¿°¬,

sshZypXn, \nt£]w, Hmlcn \n¿ΩmWw, kpc£, hym]mcw, hmbv], C‘\w, hn{iaw,

hnt\mZw apXemb tkh\߃ \¬Ip∂hcpw, Bhiys∏Sptºmƒ s]mXpP\Øn\v

GsX¶nepw tkh\w \¬Ip∂Xpamb AØcØnep≈ at‰sX¶nepw hy‡nbpw

GP≥knbpw Dƒs∏Sp∂XpamIp∂p;

(F¬) “sXcphv ”F∂Xn¬ s]mXphgnbmbmepw As√¶nepw s]mXpP\Øn\v

{]thi\ap≈ GsX¶nepw sslth, ]mew, hgn, hcºv, tdmUv, CShgn, \Shgn, NXzcw,

A¶Ww, DZym\hoYn, Nm\¬ As√¶n¬ CS\mgn F∂nh Dƒs∏Sp∂XmIp∂p;

(Fw) “{Sm^n°v ”F∂m¬ GsX¶nepw s]mXpÿeØpIqsS BfpIƒ, arK߃,

hml\߃, bm\߃, Nc°pIƒ XpSßnbhbpsS GsX¶nepw XcØnep≈ \o°w

F∂¿∞amIp∂Xpw AXn¬ Ahbn¬ GsX¶nepw LSIØns‚ H‰bvt°m Iq´mtbm D≈

\o°sØ _m[n°p∂ coXnbn¬ B ÿetØm kao]tØm ÿnXn sNøp∂

hml\ßfpsSbpw PohPmeßfpsSbpw hkvXp°fpsSbpw Xm¬°menItam ÿnctam Bb

hn\ymkw Dƒs∏Sp∂XpamIp∂p;

(F≥) “hml\w” F∂m¬ GsX¶nepw Bfns\tbm arKsØtbm as‰s¥¶nepw

hkvXphns\tbm hln°p∂ KXmKX D]m[n F∂¿∞amIp∂Xpw AXn¬ h≠n, Npa´ph≠n,

hm≥, {S°v, ssIh≠n, t_m v́, ssk°nƒ, ss{Sssk°nƒ, dn£m, tamt´m¿ hml\w, bm\w,

hnam\w F∂nh Dƒs∏Sp∂XpamIp∂p.

(2) Cu BIv‰n¬ D]tbmKn®n´p≈Xpw \n¿ΔNn®n´n√mØXpw F∂m¬ 1860 ˛se

C¥y≥ in£m\nbaØntem (1860˛se 45˛mw tI{μ BIv‰v) 1973˛se {Inan\¬ \S]Sn \nba

kwlnXbntem (1974˛se 2˛mw tI{μ BIv‰v) ˛ \n¿ΔNn®n´p≈Xpamb hm°pIƒ°pw

{]tbmK߃°pw Ahbn¬ \¬Inbncn°p∂ \n¿ΔN\߃ _m[Iambncn°p∂XmWv.

A≤mbw II

t]meokns‚ I¿Øhyßfpw NpaXeIfpw

3. t]meokns‚ I¿Øhy߃.˛ `mcXØns‚ `cWLS\bv°pw AXn≥Iogn¬

\n¿Ωn®n´p≈ \nba߃°pw hnt[bambn, ̀ cWhyhÿbpsS ̀ mKambn P\߃°nSbn¬

{]h¿Øn°p∂ Hcp tkh\ hn`mKw F∂ \nebn¬ {Iakam[m\hpw cmjv{SØns‚

AJWvUXbpw cmjv{Skpc£bpw a\pjymhImi kwc£Whpw Dd∏phcpØn

\nba{]Imcw F√m BfpIƒ°pw e`yamIp∂ kzmX{¥yßfpw AhImißfpw Ah¿

A\p`hn°p∂p F∂v Dd∏m°p∂Xn\mbn t]meokv \nbam\pkrXambn bXv\nt°≠XmWv.

4. t]meokns‚ NpaXeIƒ.˛ Cu BIv‰ns‚ hyhÿIƒ°v hnt[bambn

t]meokptZymKÿ¿ C\n ]dbp∂ NpaXeIƒ \n¿Δlnt°≠XmWv, AXmbXv̨ --

(F) ]£t`Zw IqSmsX \nbaw \S∏nem°pI;

(_n) F√m BfpIfptSbpw Poh≥, kzmX{¥yw, kzØv, a\pjymhImi߃, A¥ v

F∂nh \nbam\pkrXw kwc£n°pI;

(kn) cmjv{SØns‚ B`y¥ckpc£ ImØpkq£n°pIbpw, Xo{hhmZ

{]h¿Ø\߃, h¿§ob A{Iaw, B`y¥cIem]w apXembhbvs°Xncmbn Pm{KXtbmsS

{]h¿Øn°pIbpw sNøpI;

(Un) s]mXpkpc£ Dd∏m°p∂ {IaoIcW߃ t{]m’mln∏n°pIbpw

ImØpkq£n°pIbpw s]mXp kam[m\w \ne\n¿ØpIbpw sNøpI;

(C) A]mbßfn¬ \n∂pw D]{Zhßfn¬ \n∂pw s]mXpP\sØ kwc£n°pI ;

(F^v) tdmUpIƒ, sdbn¬th, ]me߃, a¿Ω{][m\amb {]XnjvTm]\߃,

ÿm]\߃ F∂nh Dƒs∏sS F√m s]mXp kzØp°fpw kwc£n°pI;

(Pn) \nba]camb A[nImc߃ ]camh[n D]tbmKn®v Ip‰IrXy߃ XSbpIbpw

Ipd®v sIm≠phcpIbpw sNøpI;

(F®v) Ip‰IrXyßsf°pdn®v \nbam\pkcWw At\zjWw \SØn Ip‰hmfnIsf

bYmhn[nbp≈ \nba\S]SnIƒ°v hnt[bam°pI;

(sF) F√m s]mXp ÿeßfnepw {Sm^nIv \nb{¥n°pIbpw {IaoIcn°pIbpw

sNøpI;

(sP) Ip‰IrXyßfmbn ]cnWant®°mhp∂ X¿°ßfpw kwL¿jßfpw

Hgnhm°phm\pw ]cnlcn°phm\pw {ian°pI;

(sI) {]IrXnZØtam A√mØtXm Bb Zpc¥tam, AXymlnXtam, A]IStam

D≠mIptºmƒ ASnb¥ncambn CSs]SpIbpw t¢iw A\p`hn°p∂ BfpIƒ°v DNnXamb

F√m klmbhpw \¬IpI;

(F¬) t]meokns‚ F√m {]h¿Ø\߃°pw cmjv{SØns‚ kpc£bv°pw

klmbIcamb hnhc߃ kamlcn°pIbpw ]cntim[n°pIbpw Bhiysa¶n¬ hym]\w

\SØpIbpw sNøpI;

(Fw) IÃUnbnep≈ F√m BfpIƒ°pw \nbam\pkcWap≈ kwc£Whpw

kpc£nXXzhpw Dd∏phcpØpI;

(F≥) £aXbp≈ A[nImcÿm\ßfpsSbpw taeptZymKÿcpsSbpw

\nbam\pkrXamb F√m DØchpIfpw A\pkcn°pIbpw \nbam\pkrXambn

\S∏nem°pIbpw sNøpI;

(H) t]meokv tk\bpsS B¥cnI A®S°w ]men°pIbpw \ne\n¿ØpIbpw

sNøpI;

(]n) P\߃°nSbn¬ s]mXphmbn kpc£nXXz t_m[w Dd∏phcpØpI;

(Iyp) s]mXpÿeßfntem, sXcphntem, \n lmbtcm, \ncmew_tcm Bbn

ImWs∏Sp∂ BfpIfpsS, {]tXyIn®v kv{XoIfptSbpw Ip´nIfptSbpw, apXn¿∂

]uc∑mcpsSbpw, IgnhpIfn¬ hyXykvXXbp≈ BfpIfpsSbpw NpaXe Gs‰SpØv

AhcpsS kpc£nXXzw Dd∏phcpØpI;

(B¿) X’abw {]m_eyØnep≈ GsX¶nepw \nbaØm¬

NpaXes∏SpØnbncn°p∂ I¿Øhy߃ ]men°pI;

(Fkv) k¿°m¿, ImemImeßfn¬ \nbam\pkrXw G¬∏n®psImSp°p∂ a‰v

NpaXeIƒ \n¿Δln°pI.

A≤ymbw III

t]meokv tÃj≥

5. t]meokv tÃj\pIƒ ÿm]n°¬.˛ (1) k¿°mcn\v, 1973˛se {Inan\¬ \S]Sn

\nbakwlnXbpsS (1974˛se 2˛mw tI{μ BIv‰v) 2˛mw hIp∏nse hyhÿIƒ°v hnt[bambn,

hn⁄m]\whgn, Cu \nbaØns‚ BhiyØnte°mbn Hmtcm Xt±i{]tZiØn\pw th≠n

t]meokv tÃj\pIƒ ÿm]n°mhp∂XmWv.

(2) Hmtcm t]meokv tÃjt‚bpw A[nImcnXbp≈ {]tZihpw AXv {]h¿Ønt°≠

sI´nShpw ]cnkchpw (1)˛mw D]hIp∏n≥ Iogn¬ ]pds∏Sphn®n´p≈ hn⁄m]\Øn¬

hn\n¿t±in®n´p≈ {]Imcambncnt°≠XmWv.

(3) k¿°m¿ \n›bn°p∂ HutZymKnI ]Zhnbnep≈ Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ≥

tÃj≥ lukv B^ok¿ F∂ DtZymKt∏tcmSpIqSn Hmtcm t]meokv tÃjs‚bpw

{]h¿Ø\ ta¬t\m´w \n¿Δlnt°≠Xpw B DtZymKÿ≥ B t]meokv tÃjs‚

NpaXebp≈ DtZymKÿ≥ Bbncn°p∂XpamWv.

6. t]meokv tÃj\pIfn¬ k¿°m¿ aXnbmb kuIcy߃ G¿s∏SpØWsa∂v.˛

(1) k¿°m¿, hn`htijn°v hnt[bambn, ASnÿm\ t]meokv tkh\߃ Bhiyap≈

F√mh¿°pw BbXv {]Zm\w sNøp∂Xn\v aXnbmb kwJym_ehpw ASnÿm\

kuIcyßfpw Hmtcm t]meokv kvt‰j\nepw Ds≠∂v Dd∏phcptØ≠XmWv.

(2) (1)˛mw D]hIp∏v {]Imcap≈ kuIcyßfn¬ t]meokv tÃj\pambn _‘s∏´

F√m t]meokv DtZymKÿ¿°pw Imcy£aambn tPmen sNøp∂Xn\p≈ aXnbmb

ASnÿm\ kuIcy߃, s]mXpP\߃°mbn th≠{X kuIcyßtfmSpIqSnb kzoIcW

ÿew, IÃUnbnep≈ km[\ßfpw HutZymKnI tcJIfpw HutZymKnI Bbp[ßfpw

shSnt°m∏pIfpw kpc£nXambn kq£n°p∂Xn\p≈ aXnbmb kw`cW ÿew,

{]XnIsfbpw IÃUnbn¬ D≈hscbpw kq£n°m\p≈ aXnbmb kuIcy߃, DNnXamb

Bibhn\nab kuIcy߃, aXnbmb k©mc kuIcyw F∂nhbpw t]meokv tÃj\nse

DtZymKÿcn¬ `mcta¬∏n®ncn°p∂ \nba]camb DØchmZnXz߃ th≠hn[Øn¬

\n¿Δln°p∂Xn\p≈ kpc£m D]IcW߃, CeIvt{SmWnIv kwhn[m\߃,

Bbp[߃, t^md≥knIv D]IcW߃ F∂nhbpw Dƒs∏Sp∂XmIp∂p.

(3) kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhn kwÿm\sØ Hmtcm t]meokv tÃj\nepw

e`yambn´p≈ kuIcyßfpsS ]cym]vXX Hmtcm h¿jhpw ]p\chtemI\w sNøp∂Xn\p≈

{IaoIcW߃ G¿s∏SptØ≠Xpw DNnXamb \nehmcØnep≈ kuIcy߃

G¿s∏SpØp∂Xn\v \S]SnIƒ FSpt°≠XpamWv.

7. Imcy£aamb t]meokv tkh\Øn\v BfpIƒ°p≈ AhImiw.˛F√m

BfpIƒ°pw t]meokv tÃj\n¬ \n∂v Imcy£aamb t]meokv tkh\Øn\v AhImiw

D≠mbncn°p∂XmWv.

8. t]meokv tÃj\n¬ s]mXpP\߃°p≈ AhImi߃ ̨ (1) F√m BfpIƒ°pw

\ymbamb {]mtbmKnIXbv°v hnt[bambn t]meokv tÃj\n¬ \n∂v \nbam\pkrX

tkh\w e`n°p∂Xn\pw GXp kabØpw GXp t]meokv tÃj\nepw kam[m\]q¿Δw

{]thin°p∂Xn\pw kzoIcn°s∏Sp∂Xn\pw AhImiw D≠mbncn°p∂XmWv.

(2) s]mXpP\ßfn¬ GsXmcmƒ°pw \ymbamb \nb{¥W߃°v hnt[bambn

t]meokv tÃjs‚ NpaXebp≈ DtZymÿs\ ImWphm\pw Imcy߃ Adnbn°phm\pw

D≈ AhImiw D≠mbncn°p∂Xpw aXnbmb ImcWßfn√msX Cu AhImiw

\ntj[n°phm≥ ]mSn√mØXpamWv.

(3) kv{XoIƒ°v h\nXm t]meokns‚ km∂n≤yØn¬ kzImcyXtbmsS ]cmXn

\¬Iphm\p≈ kuIcyw t]meokv tÃj\n¬ D≠mbncnt°≠XmWv.

(4) s]mXpP\ßfn¬ GsXmcmƒ°pw Abmƒ \¬Inb ]cmXnsb kw_‘n® ssI∏‰p

ckoXv e`n°phm\pw ]cmXn kw_‘n®p≈ t]meokv \S]SnbpsStbm

At\zjWØns‚tbm Ahÿ Adnbphm\pw AhImiw D≠mbncn°p∂XmWv.

(5) s]mXpP\ßfn¬ GsXmcmfpw Abmƒ t]meokv tÃj\n¬ hm°mtem

tcJmaqetam \¬Inb GsXmcp ]cmXnbpsSbpw Npcp°w t]meokv tÃj\n¬

Imem\p{IaØnepw kaImenIhpambn h®pt]mcp∂Xpamb ÿncw cPnÃdn¬ X¬kabw

tcJs∏SptØ≠XmWv.

(6) GsXmcp ]uc\pw, GsX¶nepw Hcp {]tXyI Bƒ t]meokv tÃj\n¬ IÃUnbn¬

Dt≠msb∂v Adnbphm≥ AhImiw D≠mbncn°p∂XmWv.

9. IÃUnbnep≈ BfpIƒ°pth≠nbp≈ sNehv \¬IWsa∂v.˛IÃUnbnep≈

Hmtcm Bfns‚bpw `£Ww, sh≈w, a‰ v {]mYanI Bhiy߃ F∂nh

\¬Ip∂Xnte°mbn Hcp AhnZKv≤ sXmgnemfn°v X¬kabw \nehnep≈ k¿°m¿

\nc°\pkcn®p≈ G‰hpw Ipd™ ZnhkthX\Øns‚ ]IpXnsb∂ {]XnZn\ \nc°n¬

{]Xnamkw IÃUnbnep≈ BfpIfpsS FÆØn\pw Imebfhn\pw B\p]mXnIamb XpI,

k¿°m¿, Hmtcm t]meokv tÃj\pw \¬tI≠XmWv.

10. t]meokv tÃj\pIƒ F√mbvt∏mgpw {]h¿Ø\£aambncn°Wsa∂v.˛Hcp

t]meokv tÃj≥, t]meokv tkh\߃ Bhiyap≈h¿°mbpw t]meokns‚ I¿Øhy

\n¿ΔlWØn\mbpw Ft∏mgpw {]h¿Ø\£ahpw PmKcqIhpw Bbncnt°≠XmWv.

11. {]tXyI t]meokv tÃj≥.˛(1) 5˛mw hIp∏p{]Imcw GsX¶nepw {]tZiØn\pth≠n

hn⁄m]\w sNøs∏´ t]meokv tÃj\pIƒ°v ]pdsa k¿°mcn\v GsX¶nepw {]tZiØv

\n›nX Imebfhntet°m {]tXyI Dt±iyØntet°m GsX¶nepw {]tXyI \nbatam

\nbaßtfm \S∏nem°p∂Xn\p th≠ntbm {]tXyI t]meokv tÃj\pIƒ

ÿm]n°mhp∂XmWv.

(2) AØcw {]tXyI t]meokv tÃj\pIƒ ÿnXnsNøp∂ sI´nSw, {]tZiw,

A[nImc]cn[n, Dt±iyw, Imebfhv apXembh 5˛mw hIp∏n¬ \njvI¿jn°s∏´ coXnbn¬

hn⁄m]\w sNtø≠XmWv.

(3) (1)˛Dw (2)˛Dw D]hIp∏pIfn¬ D≈ bmsXm∂pw Xs∂ k©cn°p∂ Hcp

hml\Øntem GsX¶nepw Xm¬°menI Hm^okntem Hcp {]tXyI t]meokv tÃj≥

ÿm]n°p∂Xn¬ \n∂pw k¿°mcns\ XSbp∂Xmbn IcpXs∏Sm≥ ]mSp≈X√.

(4) Hcp km[mcW t]meokv tÃj≥ ssIs°m≠ GsX¶nepw \S]Sn AXv Hcp

{]tXyI t]meokv tÃjs\ ̀ mcta¬∏n®psImSp°m≥ Ignbpambncp∂ Hcp Imcyambncp∂p

F∂ ImcWØm¬ Akm[phmIp∂X√.

(5) Hmtcm {]tXyI t]meokv tÃj\pw AXns‚ {]tXyI Dt±iyhpw {]tXyI

kz`mhhpw hy‡am°p∂ hn[Ønep≈ t]cv \¬tI≠XmWv.

(6) kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhn°v {]tXyI DØchphgn Hcp km[mcW t]meokv

tÃj\pambn _‘s∏´ GsX¶nepw DØchmZnXzØn¬ \n∂v Hcp {]tXyI t]meokv

tÃj\nse tÃj≥ lukv B^nksd Hgnhm°mhp¥pw Hcp km[mcW t]meokv tÃj≥

lukv B^oksd G¬∏n®psImSp°mØtXm A[nIambtXm {]tXyIambtXm Bb

DØchmZnXz߃ Abmfn¬ ̀ cta¬∏n°mhp∂XpamWv.

12. t]meokv tÃj≥ Ubdn.˛Hmtcm t]meokv tÃj\pw k¿°m¿ ImemImeßfn¬

\n›bn°p∂ amXrIbnep≈ Hcp P\d¬ Ubdn kq£nt°≠Xpw ka¿∏n°s∏´ F√m

]cmXnIfpsSbpw {]Ya hnhc dnt∏m¿´pIfptSbpw Nm¿÷pIfpsSbpw kw{Klhpw

]cmXn°mcpsSbpw FXn¿I£nIfpsSbpw AdÃv sNøs∏´ F√m BfpIfpsSbpw

t]cphnhc߃, Ah¿s°Xnsc Nm¿÷p sNøs∏´ Ip‰ßƒ, AhcpsS ssIhiØn¬

\nt∂m a‰p hn[Øntem Is≠SpØ Bbp[ßfS°ap≈ hkvXp°ƒ F∂nh kw_‘n®

hnhcßfpw X’abw tcJs∏SptØ≠XpamWv.

13. tÃj≥ Ubdnbpw IÃUn kuIcyhpw ]cntim[n°phm≥ A¿lXbp≈

BfpIƒ.˛(1) kwÿm\ a\pjymhImi IΩojs‚tbm kwÿm\ h\nXm IΩojs‚tbm

kwÿm\ ]´nIPmXn, ]´nItKm{Xh¿§ IΩojs‚tbm kwÿm\ As√¶n¬ Pn√m

t]meokv Iwπbn‚ v AtXmdn‰nIfpsStbm sNb¿t]gvk¨am¿°pw AwK߃°pw t]meokv

tÃj\n¬ {]thin®v 12˛mw hIp∏\pkcn®v kq£n®ncn°p∂ GsXmcp P\d¬

Ubdnbnsebpw Dƒ°pdn∏pIfpw IÃUnbn¬ kq£n®n´p≈ GsXmcmfns‚bpw ÿnXnbpw

t\cn v́ ]cntim[n°mhp∂XpamWv.

(2) (1)˛mw D]hIp∏v {]Imcw t]meokv tÃj≥ kμ¿in°p∂ GsXmcmfpw

At±lØns‚ kμ¿i\w X¬kabw Ubdnbn¬ tcJs∏SptØ≠Xpw Xs‚

\nco£WØns‚ Npcp°w Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhnsb F{Xbpw s]s´∂v Adnbnt°≠Xpw

AØcw \nco£Wßfn≥ta¬ Bhiyamtb°mhp∂ XpS¿ \S]SnIƒ Pn√m t]meokv

ta[mhn F{Xbpw s]s´∂v kzoIcnt°≠XpamWv.

A≤ymbw IV

t]meokv tk\bpsS s]mXphmb LS\

14. tIcf t]meokv.˛(1) tIcf kwÿm\Øn\v tIcf t]meokv F∂ t]cn¬ Hcp

GIoIrX t]meokv tk\ D≠mbncn°p∂Xpw AXns\ ImemImeßfn¬

`qanimkv{X]ctam {]h¿Ø\£aXm]ctam Bb GsX¶nepw kuIcyØns‚tbm {]tXyI

Dt±iyØns‚tbm ASnÿm\Øn¬ hnhn[ k_v bqWn‰pIfmtbm, bqWn‰pIfmtbm,

{_m©pIfmtbm, hnwKpIfmtbm k¿°mcn\v Xocpam\n®v hn`Pn°mhp∂XpamWv.

(2) tIcfm t]meokv tk\bn¬, UbdIvS¿ P\d¬ Hm v̂ t]meokv B‚ v tÉv t]meokv

No^ns\°mƒ Db¿∂ Hcp ]Zhn C√ F∂Xn\p hnt[bambn, k¿°m¿, ImemImeßfn¬

\n›bn°p∂ hnhn[ ]ZhnIƒ D≈ DtZymKÿsc Dƒs∏SpØmhp∂Xpw B ]ZhnIƒ

BtcmlW {IaØn¬ C\n ]dbp∂ {]Imcw Bbncn°p∂XpamWv,˛

(F) t]meokv tIm¨Ã_nƒ;

(_n) t]meokv slUvtIm¨Ã_nƒ ;

(kn) Akn v k_v C≥kvs]IvS¿ Hm^v t]meokv;

(Un) k_v C≥kvs]IvS¿ Hm v̂ t]meokv;

(C) C≥kvs]IvS¿ Hm v̂ t]meokv;

(F v̂) sU]yq´n kq{]≠v Hm^v t]meokv;

(Pn) kq{]≠v Hm^v t]meokv;

(F®v) sU]yq´n C≥kvs]IvS¿ P\d¬ Hm v̂ t]meokv;

(sF) C≥kvs]IvS¿ P\d¬ Hm v̂ t]meokv;

(sP) AUojW¬ UbdIvS¿ P\d¬ Hm^v t]meokv;

(sI) UbdIvS¿ P\d¬ Hm v̂ t]meokv;

(F¬) UbdIvS¿ P\d¬ Hm^v t]meokv B‚ v tÉv t]meokv No^v.

(3) k¿°mcn\v, s]mXphmbtXm {]tXyIambtXm Bb DØchneqsS, tIcf

t]meokntem a‰v kwÿm\ßfntem tI{μk¿°mcntem \nehnep≈ GsXmcp t]meokv

]Zhnsbbpw hy‡am°m\p]tbmKn°p∂ at‰sX¶nepw ]Z{]tbmK߃ ta¬∏d™

]ZhnIfn¬ GsX¶nepw H∂n\v Xpeysa∂v IcpXs∏Smhp∂XmsW∂v hn\n¿t±in°m

hp∂XmWv.

(4) (2) ˛mw D]hIp∏n¬ ASßnbncn°p∂ bmsXm∂pw Xs∂ ]pXnb Hcp ]Zhn

krjvSn°p∂Xnt\m AXn¬ hn\n¿t±in®n´pff Hcp ]Zhn°v ]pXnb Hcp DtZymKt]cv

\¬Ip∂Xnt\m Dff k¿°mcns‚ A[nImcsØ _m[n°p∂X√.

15. t]meokvLS\sb k¿°m¿ hn\n¿t±in°Wsa∂v - - (1) Cu BIv‰ns‚

hyhÿIƒ°v hnt[bambn, t]meokv tk\bn¬ k¿°m¿ s]mXphmbtXm

{]tXyIambtXm Bb DØchneqsS \n›bnt®°mhp∂{X DtZymKÿ¿ Hmtcm ]Zhnbnepw

Dƒs∏tS≠Xpw A{]Imcapff DØchp{]Imcapff LS\bpw cq]hpw, Hm^okpIfpw

A[nImcnX{Iahpw, B⁄mt{iWnbpw, `cW]camb A[nImcßfpw I¿Øhyßfpw

NpaXeIfpw D≠mbncnt°≠XpamWv.

(2) IqSpX¬ P\kwJybpw k¶o¿Æamb {Iakam[m\ {]iv\ßfpw \ne\n¬°p∂

sat{Sms]mfn‰≥ {]tZißfn¬ IqSpX¬ sshZKv≤yap≈Xpw GIoIrXhpw \nba]camb

A[nImchpw DØchmZnXzhpapff sat{Sm s]mfn‰≥ t]meokv k{ºZmbw

G¿s∏SptØ≠XmWv.

(3) sat{Sms]mfn‰≥ {]tZißfnse {]iv\߃ ssIImcyw sNøm≥ ]cym]vXamb

{]tXyI t]meokv LS\ Hcp hn⁄m]\ØneqsS Kh¨sa‚ v ]pds∏Sphnt°≠XmWv.

(4) Hcp sat{Sm s]mfn‰≥ {]tZisØ t]meokv ̀ cWØn\mbn sU]yq´n t]meokv

C≥kvs]IvS¿ P\den¬ IpdbmØ ]Zhnbnep≈ Hcp t]meokv Hm^oksd IΩojWdmbn

\nbant°≠XmWv.

(5) IΩojW¿°pw IΩojW¿°v Iognep≈ a‰p DtZymKÿ¿°pw k¿°m¿

\n›bn°p∂ {]Imcap≈ A[nImcßfpw NpaXeIfpw D≠mbncn°p∂XmWv:

F∂m¬, IΩojWdpw a‰p DtZymKÿcpw kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhnbpsS

\nb{¥WØn≥ Iogn¬ {]h¿Ønt°≠XmWv.

(6) sat{Sms]mfn‰≥ t]meokv k{ºZmbw G¿s∏SpØnbn´pff {]tZißfn¬

t]meokv IΩojW¿°v Cu BIvt‰m, 1973se {Inan\¬ \S]Sn \nba kwlnXtbm (1974

se c≠mw tI{μ BIv‰v), GsX¶nepw kwÿm\ \nbaßtfm {]Imcw Pn√m aPnkvt{S‰n\p≈

F√mtam GsX¶neptam A[nImc߃ k¿°m¿ \n›bn°p∂ hyhÿIƒ°pw

D]m[nIƒ°pw hnt[bambn hn\ntbmKn°mhp∂XmWv.

16. t]meokv Pn√.˛ kwÿm\ k¿°mcn\,v hn⁄m]\w hgn, GsXmcp {]tZitØbpw

Cu BIv‰ns‚ Bhiy߃°mbn hn⁄m]\Øn¬ hn\n¿t±in°mhp∂ XobXn apX¬

Hcp t]meokv Pn√bmbn {]Jym]n°mhp∂XmWv.

F∂m¬, Hcp t]meokv Pn√bn¬ H∂n¬ IqSpX¬ dh\yq Pn√IfpsS `mK߃

Dƒs∏SpØmhp∂X√.

17. Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhn.˛ (1) Hcp t]meokv Pn√bnse t]meokv tk\bpw t]meokv

tÃj\pIfpw AXnt\mS\p_‘n® a‰v Hm^okpIfpw k¿°m¿ DØchpIƒ°pw kwÿm\

t]meokv ta[mhnbpsS ta¬t\m´Øn\pw \nba]camb DØchn\pw hnt[bambn k¿°m¿

\n›bn°p∂ ]Zhnbnep≈ Hcp Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhnbpsS ta¬t\m´Ønepw

\nb{¥WØnepw {]h¿Ønt°≠Xpw k¿°m¿ \n›bn°p∂ ]ZhnIfnep≈ t]meokv

DtZymKÿ¿ At±lsØ A°mcyØn¬ klmbnt°≠XpamWv.

(2) Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhn, kq{]≠v Hm^v t]meokns‚ ]Zhnbn¬ Xmsgbp≈

Hcp DtZymKÿ≥ Bbncn°phm≥ ]mSp≈X√.

18. kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhn ˛ (1) kwÿm\Øv H´msIbp≈ t]meokns‚

`cW\n¿ΔlWhpw, ta¬t\m´hpw, \n¿t±ihpw, \nb{¥Whpw k¿°mcns‚ \nb{¥WØn\v

hnt[bambn, kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhn F∂ DtZymKt∏cp≈ Hcp t]meokv

DtZymKÿ\n¬ \n£n]vXambncn°p∂XmWv.

(2) UbdIvS¿ P\d¬ Hm^v t]meokns‚ ]Zhnbnte°v ÿm\°b‰w e`n®n´p≈

C¥y≥ t]meokv k¿Δoknse kwÿm\ tIUdnse DtZymKÿ¿°nSbn¬ \n∂pw,

kwÿm\ t]meokv tk\sb \bn°p∂Xn\p≈ {]m]vXnbpw samØamb tkh\ Ncn{Xhpw

sXmgn¬ kw_‘amb Adnhv, ]cnNbw F∂nhbpw IW°nseSpØv k¿°m¿ Hcp

kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhnsb \nbant°≠XmWv:

F∂m¬, kwÿm\Øn\pth≠n GsX¶nepw tImSXnbntem, ss{S_yqWentem

hIp∏pXe GP≥knbntem ̂ b¬ sNbvXn´p≈ Hcp tI ntem in£W \S]Sn {IaØntem

Hcp DtZymKÿs\Xncmbn GsX¶nepw Ip‰]{Xw \¬Is∏SpItbm \ne\n¬°pItbm

BsW¶n¬ B DtZymKÿs\ kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhnbmbn \nban°phm≥

]mSp≈X√.

(3) Cu BIv‰v {]Imcap≈ A[nImcw hn\ntbmKn®v tIcf kwÿm\Øv

t]meokns‚ GsX¶nepw NpaXeIƒ \n¿Δln°p∂ F√m BfpIfpw, kwÿm\ t]meokv

ta[mhnbpsS IogptZymKÿcmbncn°p∂XmWv.

(4) k¿°m¿ ImemImeßfn¬ Xocpam\n°p∂ FÆØnepw hnhn[

]ZhnIfnepap≈ DtZymKÿ¿ kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhnsb klmbnt°≠XmWv.

(5) kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhnsb°mƒ ko\nbdmb DtZymKÿsc tIcf

t]meokn¬ \nban°m≥ ]mSp≈X√.

19. Pn√m aPnkvt{S‰v GtIm]n∏nt°≠XmsW∂v.˛ (1) Pn√bpsS s]mXphmb `cW

\n¿ΔlWw Imcy£aambn \S∏nemt°≠p∂ BhiyØnte°mbn Pn√m aPnkvt{S‰n\v

C\n ]dbp∂ Imcyßfn¬ t]meokns‚ {]h¿Ø\߃ Pn√bpsS ̀ cW \n¿ΔlWhpambn

_‘s∏´ncn°p∂ a‰p GP≥knIfpsS {]h¿Ø\ßfpambn GtIm]n∏n°p∂Xn\v

A[nImcap≠mbncn°p∂XmWv. AXmbXv.˛

(F) `q]cnjvIcWw t{]m’mln∏n°p∂Xpw `qan kw_‘amb X¿°ßƒ

Xo¿∏m°p∂Xpw kw_‘n® Imcy߃;

(_n) Pn√bnse hym]Iamb s]mXp kam[m\ `RvP\hpw, kam[m\w ]p\-

xÿm]n°epw kw_‘n® Imcy߃;

(kn) Pn√bnse Hcp s]mXp ÿm]\Øns‚ Xncs™Sp∏v \SØn∏pambn _‘s∏´

Imcy߃;

(Un) {]IrXn Zpc¥ßƒ ssIImcyw sNøp∂Xpw {]IrXn Zpc¥ßfm¬ ZpcnXw

A\p`hn°p∂hsc ]p\c[nhkn∏n°p∂Xpw kw_‘n® Imcy߃;

(C) ]pdsa \n∂p≈ GsX¶nepw B{IaWßfm¬ D≠mIp∂ kmlNcyßfpambn

_‘s∏´ Imcy߃; IqSmsX

(F v̂) GsX¶nepw Hcp hIp∏ns‚ ]cn[n°p≈n¬ hcmØXpw Pn√bnse BfpIfpsS

s]mXphmb t£asØ _m[n°p∂Xpamb a‰p kam\amb Imcy߃;

(2) A{]Imcap≈ GtIm]n∏n°ens‚ BhiyØnte°mbn Pn√m aPnkvt{S‰n\v,---;

(F)Bhiyambn hcptºmsgms° t]meokn¬ \n∂pw Pn√bpsS s]mXp `cWhpambn

_‘s∏´ncn°p∂ a‰p GP≥knIfn¬ \n∂pw s]mXphmbtXm {]tXyIambtXm Bb

kz`mhØnep≈ hnhc߃ Bhiys∏SpIbpw;

(_n) t]meotkm a‰p GP≥knItfm B kmlNcyw ssIImcyw sNøp∂Xn\v

kzoIcn® \S]SnIsf kw_‘n® dnt∏m¿ v́ Bhiys∏SpIbpw;

(kn) Bhiysa∂v tXm∂p∂ Imcyßsf kw_‘n®v t]meokn\pw _‘s∏´

GP≥knIƒ°pw A{]Imcap≈ \n¿t±i߃ \¬IpIbpw;

(Un) t]meokns‚ Imcy£aamb {]h¿Ø\Øn\v GsX√mw hIp∏pIfpsS

{]h¿Ø\amtWm Bhiyambn hcp∂Xv {]kvXpX hIp∏pIƒ F√mw Xs∂ Bhiyamb

F√m klmbßfpw Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhn°v \¬Ip∂ps≠∂v Dd∏m°pIbpw

sNømhp∂XmWv.

20. t]meokv am\z¬.˛ (1) cq]t`Zs∏SpØmt\m d±m°phmt\m D≈ k¿°mcns‚

A[nImcØn\v hnt[bambn kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhn°v, ImemImeßfn¬, t]meokns‚

I¿ØhyßfpsSbpw NpaXeIfpsSbpw Imcy£aamb \n¿ΔlWØn\v th≠n s]mXphmbpw

t]meokns‚ ta¬t\m´w, t]meokv tk\bpsS `cW \n¿ΔlWw, tk\bnse

AwKßfpsStbm Hmtcm ]Zhnbnep≈hcpsStbm Hmtcm hn`mKØns‚tbm {]tXyI

I¿Øhy߃, B¥cnI ]cntim[\m coXnIƒ, kq£n°s∏tS≠ tcJIƒ, Bbp[߃,

D]IcW߃, I¿Øhy \n¿ΔlWØn\v Bhiyamb hkvXp°ƒ, clky hm¿ØIfpsSbpw

hnhcßfpsSbpw tiJcWw, hn\nabw, I¿Øhy \n¿ΔlW coXn, A[nImc

Zp¿hn\ntbmKtam IrXyhntem]tam XSbp∂ coXn F∂nh kw_‘n®v {]tXyIn®pw, Cu

BIv‰n\pw AXn\pIogn¬ D≠m°nbn´p≈ N´ßƒ°pw hncp≤a√mØ Ãm‚nwKv

Hm¿UdpIfpw am¿§\n¿t±ißfpw ]pds∏Sphn°mhp∂Xpw kamlcn∏n°mhp∂XpamWv.

(2) kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhn ]pds∏Sphn°p∂ {]Imcap≈ DØchpIfpsSbpw

am¿§\n¿t±ißfpsSbpw Ahbpambn _‘s∏´p ]pds∏Sphn°s∏´ GsX¶nepw k¿°m¿

DØchpIfpsSbpw \n¿t±ißfpsSbpw kamlcWw t]meokv am\z¬ F∂v

Adnbs∏Sp∂XmWv.

(3) GsX¶nepw kmlNcyØn¬ A{]Imcw BhiyamsW¶n¬ kwÿm\ t]meokv

ta[mhn°v k¿°mcns‚ AwKoImcØn\p hnt[bambn am\zense GsX¶nepw hyhÿ

t`ZKXn sNømhp∂XmWv.

21. {]tXyI hnwKpIƒ, bqWn‰pIƒ, {_m©pIƒ, kvIzmUpIƒ ˛ (1) k¿°mcn\v

s]mXphmbtXm, {]tXyIambtXm Bb DØchphgn kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhnsbtbm

t]meokns‚ NpaXe \n¿Δln°p∂ a‰p≈hsctbm Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhnsbtbm

s]mXphmbn t]meokns\tbm AhcpsS NpaXeIfnepw I¿Øhyßfnepw

klmbn°p∂Xn\v k¿°m¿ DØchphgn \n›bn°mhp∂ AwKkwJy,

B¥cnILSI߃, A[nImc߃, I¿Øhy߃, A[nImcnX, B¥cnItam _mlytam

Bb ta¬t\m´ LS\ F∂nhtbmSpIqSnb GsX¶nepw hnwKv, kvs]jy¬ bqWn‰v,

kvs]jyssekvUv {_m©v As√¶n¬ kvs]jy¬ kvIzmUv, apXembh cq]oIcn°mhp∂Xpw

\ne\ndpØmhp∂XpamWv.

(2) a‰p kwKXnIƒs°m∏w, k¿°mcn\v Bhiyamtb°mhp∂ C\n ]dbp∂

kwKXnIƒ°mbn bqWn‰pIƒ cq]oIcn°pItbm Ahbv°mbn {]tXyI {IaoIcW߃

\SØpItbm sNømhp∂XmWv,˛

(F) tZiob kpc£sb {]Xy£amtbm, ]tcm£amtbm _m[n°p∂ clkyhm¿Ø

tiJcn°pI, cmjv{S kpc£, {Iakam[m\]me\w, s]mXpkpc£m]me\w, Ip‰IrXy߃

XSb¬, a¿Ω {][m\amb ÿm]\ßfpsSbpw Xo{hhmZnIfn¬ \nt∂m ̀ oIchmZnIfn¬

\nt∂m ISpØ ̀ ojWn t\cnSp∂ hy‡nIfpsSbpw kpc£;

(_n) k¶o¿Ætam, \oNtam, {]amZtam, {]tXyI {]m[m\yap≈tXm Bb

Ip‰IrXyßfpsS At\zjWw;

(kn) {Sm^nIv \nb{¥Ww;

(Un) XoctZiw, ]pg, Imb¬ {]tZiw \o¿ØS߃ F∂nhbpambn _‘s∏´

t]meokv tkh\hpw hnt\mZk©mcnIfpsSbpw Xo¿∞mSIcpsSbpw kwc£WØn

\mbp≈ t]meokv tkh\hpw;

(C) sdbn¬thbnse t]meokv tkh\w;

(F^v) Ip‰IrXyßsfbpw Ip‰hmfnIsfbpw kw_‘n®v hnhchpw

clkyhm¿Øbpw tiJcn°p∂Xpw ]cntim[n°p∂Xpw ]´nI Xømdm°epw AhbpsS

hniIe\hpw _yqtdm Hm v̂ an nwKv t]gvk¨kns‚ {]h¿Ø\hpw;

(Pn) t]meokv tÃj\pIfn¬ {]XnIfmtbm, Ip‰IrXyØn\v Ccbmbhtcm Bbn

FØp∂ Ip´nIfpsS {]tXyI kpc£bv°mbn Pphss\¬ t]meokv bqWn‰v ;

(F®v) Iºyq´dpIfpw a‰p UnPn‰¬ tkh\ßfpw sXcs™Sp°p∂Xn\pw,

D]tbmKn°p∂Xn\pw, {]tbmP\s∏SpØp∂Xn\pw t]meokv Hm^okpIsfbpw

DtZymKÿscbpw klmbn°pIbpw AXn\mbn Bhiyap≈ tkm^v‰vshb¿

hnIkn∏ns®Sp°pIbpw sNøpI;

(sF) t]meokv Bhiy߃°mbn sSenIΩyqWnt°js‚bpw UnPn‰¬

hm¿Ømhn\nab irwJeIfpsSbpw ]cn]me\w;

(sP) hnceSbmfw, t^mt´m{Km^n, GsX¶nepw UnPn‰¬ AYhm _tbmsa{SnIv

sSIv\nIv F∂o am¿§ßfneqsS hy‡nIfpsSbpw hkvXp°fpsSbpw Xncn®dnb¬;

(sI) Pn√m t]meokntem Xt±i t]meokv tÃj\pIfntem t]meokns‚ GsX¶nepw

NpaXe icnbmb coXnbn¬ \n¿Δln°p∂Xn\v Ft∏mgpw FhnsSbpw kwJym_ew

IpdhmIptºmƒ hn\ykn°p∂Xn\mbn \√ hn[Øn¬ ]cnioe\w kn≤n®Xpw icnbmb

B⁄mt{iWntbmSpIqSnbXpamb dnk¿Δv tk\bpsS ]cn]me\w;

(F¬) ]pXnbXmbn \nban°s∏Sp∂h¿°pw k¿Δoknep≈h¿°pw t]meokv

tkh\hpambn _‘s∏´ Imcyßfn¬, k¿°m¿ \n›bnt®°mhp∂ at‰sX¶nepw

hy‡nIƒ°pw kwLØn\pw D≈ ]cnioe\w;

(Fw) Ip‰IrXyw, Zpc¥w, A]ISw apXembhbpambn _‘s∏´v

{]XnIcn°Ø°hn[Øn¬ k÷am°nbn´p≈ I¨t{Smƒ dqapIƒ t]msebp≈

kvs]jyssekvUv dkvt]m¨kv bqWn‰pIƒ;

(F≥) Xt±iobtam {]tXyIambtXm Bb GsX¶nepw \nbaw \S∏nem°¬

As√¶n¬ GsX¶nepw {]tZiØv {]tXyIambn \nbaw \S∏nem°¬;

(H) UnPn‰¬ B‚ v ssk_¿ t]meoknwKv;

(]n) t]meokns‚ I¿Øhyßfnepw NpaXeIfnepw ^e{]Zambn

klmbn°p∂Xn\v t^md≥knIv klmbItkh\߃;

(Iyq) ̀ cW]cw, [\Imcyw, tUmIypsat‚j≥ F∂o Imcyßfnep≈ \S]SnIfneqsS

t]meokv {]h¿Ø\߃°pth≠nbp≈ ̀ cW]camb klmbI tkh\߃;

(B¿) hnhn[XcØnep≈ Hm^okpIfpsSbpw t]meokv ÿm]\ßfpsSbpw

{]h¿Ø\Øn¬ klmbn°p∂Xn\pw AhiytPmenIfmb hrØnbm°¬, shSn∏m°¬,

]mNIw, D]IcWßfpsSbpw {]tZißfpsSbpw ]cn]me\w apXembhbv°pw Bhiyamb

s]mXphmb klmbI tkh\߃;

(Fkv) hnhn[ t]meokv tkh\ßfpambn _‘s∏´ kmaqlnIhpw

sXmgn¬]chpamb Imcy߃°pw B[p\nI t]meokv tkh\Øns‚ hnImkØn\pw

\nhmcW At\zjWmflI kt¶X߃°pw th≠nbp≈ ]T\ßfpw KthjW hnIk\

klmbhpw.

(3) k¿°m¿ Cu bqWn‰pIsf k÷am°pIbpw AØcw bqWn‰pIsf kt¶XnIhpw

sXmgn¬]chpamb £aXbpsS D∂X \nehmcØn¬ {]h¿Øn°phm≥ {]m]vXam°p∂Xn\v

DtZymKÿ¿°v Bhiyamb ]cnioe\ {IaoIcW߃ G¿s∏SpØpIbpw sNtø≠XmWv.

(4) (1)˛mw D]hIp∏n≥ Iogn¬ cq]oIcn°s∏´ AØcw bqWn‰pIfn¬ k¿°m¿

hn\n¿t±in°mhp∂ {]Imcap≈ DtZymK]Zhnbnep≈ t]meokv DtZymKÿtcm

t]meoknXc DtZymKÿtcm c≠pwIqSntbm Dƒs∏tS≠Xpw k¿°mcn\v AhcpsS tkh\

hyhÿIƒ, Ah¿°p \¬tI≠Xmb {]tXyI Aeh≥kpIƒ, Bhiyamb {]tXyI

tbmKyXIƒ, sshZKv≤yw Ah¿°v hy‡nKXamtbm Iq´mtbm e`yamt°≠ {]tXyI

kuIcy߃ F∂nh \n›bn°mhp∂XmWv.

22. Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ\v kzbw IogptZymKÿs‚ I¿Øhy߃

\n¿Δln°mhp∂XmsW∂v ˛ Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ\v, Xs‚ IogptZymKÿ\v

\nba{]Imctam \nba{]Imcap≈ DØchv hgntbm G¬∏n®psImSp°s∏´ GsXmcp

NpaXebpw kzbw \n¿Δln°mhp∂Xpw A{]Imcap≈ IogptZymKÿ\v GsX¶nepw

I¿Øhy߃ G¬∏n°s∏´n´p≈ kwKXnbn¬ taeptZymKÿ\mb Hcp t]meokv

B^ok¿°v, Bhiysa∂p t_m≤yamIp∂]£w, \nba]me\Øn\v IqSpX¬ ]q¿Ætam

kuIcy{]Ztam Bb {]`mhw \¬Ip∂Xnt\m \nbaewL\w Hgnhm°p∂Xnt\m

Bhiysat∂m bp‡sat∂m DØat_m≤yaps≠¶n¬, AbmfpsS kz¥w \S]Sn

aptJ\tbm As√¶n¬ AbmfpsS B⁄bpsStbm A[nImcØns‚tbm Iogn¬

\nba]cambn {]h¿Øn°p∂ GsX¶nepw Bfns‚ \S]Sn aptJ\tbm Xs‚

IogptZymKÿs‚ \S]Snsb klmbn°pItbm ]cnt]mjn∏n°pItbm AXnewLn°pItbm

XSbpItbm sNømhp∂XmWv.

23. {Iakam[m\Øn¬ \n∂pw At\zjWw th¿Xncn°¬ ˛ (1) k¿°mcn\v, Hcp

{]tZisØ P\kwJytbm \nehnep≈ kmlNcytam IW°nseSpØv hn\n¿t±in°mhp∂

AØcw {]tZiØv thKØnep≈Xpw ^e{]Zhpw s{]m^jWepamb At\zjWw

Dd∏phcpØp∂Xn\mbn DØchphgn {Iakam[m\ ]cn]me\ NpaXebp≈ t]meokn¬

\n∂pw At\zjW NpaXebp≈ t]meokns\ th¿Xncn°mhp∂XmWv.

(2) (1)˛mw D]hIp∏v {]Imcw t]meokv tk\bpsS th¿Xncn°s∏´ c≠v

hn`mKßfpsSbpw kºq¿Æamb GtIm]\w Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhn Dd∏phcptØ≠XmWv.

24. kwÿm\ kpc£m IΩoj≥.˛ (1) k¿°m¿. Kk‰v hn⁄m]\whgn Cu BIv‰v

{]Imcw \njvI¿jn°s∏´n´p≈ NpaXeIfpw I¿Øhyßfpw \n¿Δln°p∂Xn\pambn Hcp

kwÿm\ kpc£m IΩoj≥ cq]oIcnt°≠XmWv.

(2) IΩoj\n¬ C\n ]dbp∂ AwK߃ D≠mbncn°p∂XmWv, AXmbXv:˛

(i) B`y¥c hIp∏ns‚ NpaXebp≈ a{¥n, IΩojs‚ sNb¿am\mbncn°p∂XmWv;

(ii) \nbahIp∏ns‚ NpaXebp≈ a{¥n;

(iii) {]Xn]£ t\Xmhv;

(iv) tIcfm sslt°SXn No^v PÃnkv \ma\n¿t±iw sNøp∂ Hcp dn´tb¿Uv

sslt°mSXn PUvPn;

(v) No^v sk{I´dn, FIvkv˛H^ntjym;

(vi) B`y¥c hIp∏v sk{I´dn, FIvkv̨ H^ntjym;

(vii) kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhn, FIvkv˛H^ntjym;

(viii) {Iakam[m\ ]me\w, `cW \n¿ΔlWw, a\pjymhImi߃, \nbaw,

kmaqlytkh\w, s]mXp`cW \SØn∏v F∂nhbn¬ hn]peamb hn⁄m\hpw

]cnNbhpapff s]mXp PohnXØnse {]apJcmb hy‡nIfn¬ \n∂pw Kh¿Æ¿ \ma

\n¿t±iw sNøp∂ aq∂v A\utZymKnI AwK߃ Ahcn¬ Hcmƒ h\nXbmbncnt°≠

XmWv;

(3) kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhn IΩojs‚ sk{I´dnbmbncn°p∂XmWv.

(4) \ma\n¿t±iw sNøs∏´ Hmtcm AwKhpw cmPnbmtem, acWØmtem a‰v hn[Øntem

t\ctØ Xs∂ AhcpsS ÿm\w HgnhmImØ]£w A©v h¿j°metØ°v ÿm\w

hlnt°≠Xpw ]p\¿\ma\n¿t±iØn\v tbmKycmbncn°p∂XpamWv.

(5) \ma\n¿t±iw sNøs∏´ Hcp AwKw aXnbmb ImcWan√msX XpS¿®bmbn

IΩojs‚ ap∂n¬ IqSpX¬ tbmKßfn¬ lmPcmImØ]£w IΩojs‚ sNb¿am\v

AØcw AwKsØ IΩojs‚ AwKXzØn¬ \n∂v \o°w sNømhp∂XmWv:

F∂m¬, AØcw \o°w sNøens\Xnsc ImcWw ImWn°m≥ \ymbamb Hcp

Ahkcw \¬Inbtija√msX bmsXmcwKsØbpw Cu D]hIp∏ns‚ hyhÿIƒ {]Imcw

\o°w sNøm≥ ]mSpffX√.

(6) \ma\n¿t±iw sNøs∏´ GsXmcp AwKØn\pw cmPnhbv°m\pff Xs‚ Dt±iyw

sNb¿am\v tcJmaqew t\m´okv \¬Ins°m≠v A{]Imcw sNømhp∂Xpw A{]Imcapff

cmPn kzoIcn°s∏´m¬ AwKw ÿm\samgn™Xmbn IcpXs∏tS≠XpamWv.

(7) kpc£m IΩoj\nep≠mIp∂ HgnhpIƒ aq∂v amkØn\Iw \nItØ≠XmWv.

(8) IΩoj≥ AXnt‚Xmb {]h¿ØnIfpsS \S]Sn{Iaßfpw Imcy\n¿ΔlWhpw

{IaoIcnt°≠XmWv.

(9) \ma\n¿t±iw sNøs∏´ kwÿm\ kpc£m IΩoj≥ AwK߃°v

\¬tI≠Xmb ̂ okpw _ØIfpw AhcpsS tkh\ hyhÿIfpw \n¿Æbn°s∏Smhp∂

{]Imcambncn°pw.

25. IΩojs‚ NpaXeIƒ.˛ (1) IΩoj\v C\n∏dbp∂ NpaXeIƒ

D≠mbncn°p∂XmWv, AXmbXv:-̨

(F) kwÿm\Øv t]meokv tk\ {]h¿Øn°p∂Xn\pff s]mXphmb \b]camb

am¿§\n¿t±i߃°v cq]w \¬IpI;

(_n) t]meokns‚ Ip‰IrXy \nhmcW ZuXyØns‚bpw tkh\m[njvTnX

{]h¿Ø\ßfpsSbpw \SØn∏n\mbn \n¿t±i߃ \¬IpI;

(kn) s]mXphn¬ kwÿm\sØ t]meokns‚ {]h¿Ø\w ImemImeßfn¬

hnebncpØpI.

(Un) IΩojs‚ {]h¿Ø\ßfpsS hm¿jnI dnt∏m¿ v́ Xømdm°pIbpw k¿°mcn\v

ka¿∏n°pIbpw sNøpI;

(C) kwÿm\ t]meokn¬ ImemImeßfn¬ D≠mtI≠ am‰ßƒ°v am¿§\n¿t±iw

Xømdm°n \¬IpI;

(F^v) k¿°m¿ G¬∏n®psImSp°p∂ a‰v NpaXeIƒ \n¿Δln°pI.

(2) (1) ˛mw D]hIp∏v (Un) JWvUØn≥Iogn¬ IΩoj≥ ka¿∏n°p∂ dnt∏m¿´v

sXm´SpØv hcp∂ ktΩf\Øn¬ \nbak` apºmsI hbvt°≠XmWv.

(3) IΩojs‚ bmsXmcp {]hrØntbbpw \S]SnItfbpw, Aßs\bpff {]hrØntbm

\S]SnItfm sNbvXtXm ]pds∏Sphn®tXm Bb kabØv IΩoj\n¬ GsX¶nepw

Hgnhp≠mbncp∂p F∂ ImcWØm¬ am{Xw Akm[phmbn IcpXs∏Sphm≥ ]mSpffX√.

(4) IΩoj≥ ]pds∏Sphn® GsX¶nepw am¿§\n¿t±ißtfm \n¿t±ißtfm

\nehneps≠¶nepw Hcp ASnb¥ncL´w t\cnSp∂Xn\mbn kμ¿`w A{]Imcw

Bhiys∏Sp∂ ]£w, k¿°mcn\v GsX¶nepw ImcysØ kw_‘n®v k¿°m¿

Bhiysa∂v IcpXp∂ \n¿t±i߃ \nbam\pkcWw ]pds∏Sphn°mhp∂XmWv.

(5) IΩojs‚ \n¿t±i߃ t]meokv hIp∏n\v _m[Iambncn°p∂XmWv:

F∂m¬, k¿°mcn\v ImcW߃ FgpXn tcJs∏SpØnbXn\ptijw IΩojs‚

GsXmcp ip]m¿isbtbm \n¿t±isØtbm ]q¿Æamtbm ̀ mKnIamtbm \nckn°pItbm

cq]t`Zs∏SpØpItbm sNømhp∂XmWv.

26. t]meokns‚ {]h¿Ø\w hnebncpج.˛ (1) kwÿm\ kpc£m IΩoj≥, ap≥

kmºØnI h¿jØnse t]meokns‚ {]h¿Ø\w hnebncpØp∂Xn\pw ASpØ

kmºØnI h¿jØnte°pff {]h¿Ø\ \nehmcw \n¿t±in°p∂Xn\pambn t]meokv

{]h¿Ø\ßfntem s]mXp`cWØntem tkmtjymfPn As√¶n¬ {Inant\mfPn

]T\ßfntem kp]cnNnXcmb aq∂p hnZKv[¿ ASßp∂ Hcp ]m\ens\ Hmtcm h¿jhpw

\nbant°≠XmWv.

(2) (1)˛mw D]hIp∏v {]Imcw \nban°s∏Sp∂ ]m\ense AwK߃ XpS¿®bmbn

c≠v XhWbn¬ IqSpX¬ AwKßfmbn XpScphm≥ ]mSpffX√.

(3) Ip‰IrXyßfpsS cPnÿ sNø¬, t_m[]q¿Δw ]cnanXs∏SpØnb Ip‰IrXy

ÿnXnhnhc°W°pIƒ t]meokv Xømdm°p∂Xv \ncp’mls∏SpØn, Ip‰IrXy߃

Ipd™phcp∂p F∂v kqNn∏n°p∂Xn\mbn AØcw IW°pIƒ sXfnhmsbSp°p∂Xv

Hgnhm°m≥ {i≤n®psIm≠pw t]meokv hIp∏nse a\pjytijnhn\ntbmKhpw

hn`hhn\ntbmKhpw t]meokv \¬Ip∂ hnhn[ tkh\ßfpw t]meokns‚ G√m

taJeIfnepapff {]h¿Ø\ßfpw kw_‘n®v KpWta∑\nehmc߃ BhjvIcn°m≥

{i≤n®psIm≠pw t]meokns‚ {]h¿Ø\߃ hnebncpØp∂Xn\mbn kwÿm\ kpc£m

IΩoj\v am\ZWvU߃ \n›bn°mhp∂XmWv.

(4) kwÿm\ kpc£m IΩoj≥ Hmtcm h¿jhpw ASpØ kmºØnI h¿jØn¬

hnhn[ bqWn‰pIfpw imJIfpw ssIhcnt°≠Xmb I¿Øhy \n¿ΔlW\nehmcw

\n›bnt°≠Xpw BbXv \S∏pkmºØnI h¿jw am¿®v amkw H∂mw XobXn°papºmbn

_‘s∏´hsc Adnbnt°≠XpamWv.

A≤ymbw v

t]meokptZymKÿs‚ I¿Øhyßfpw DØchmZnXzßfpw

27. Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿs‚ I¿Øhyw ̨ X∂n¬ ̀ cta¬∏n°s∏´ IrXy\n¿ΔlW

taJebn¬, Cu BIv‰v {]Imcw \njvI¿jn°s∏´ t]meokv NpaXeIƒ Imcy£aambpw

^e{]Zambpw \n¿Δln°p∂Xn\pth≠n \ymbbp‡hpw \nbam\pkrXhpamb F√m

{]hrØnIfpw Gs‰Spt°≠Xv Hmtcm t]meokv DtZymKÿs‚bpw

I¿Øhyambncn°p∂XmWv.

28. t]meokptZymKÿs‚ {]XnIcWw ˛ Uyq´nbnembncn°p∂ Hmtcm t]meokv

DtZymKÿ\pw am\knIhpw imcocnIhpambn PmKcqIambncnt°≠Xpw t]meokns‚

NpaXeIfpsS \n¿ΔlWw \nbam\pkrXw Bhiyap≈ GsX¶nepw kmlNcyw AbmfpsS

{i≤bn¬s∏´m¬ I¿Øhy \n¿ΔlWØn\mbn {]mtbmKnIambn Ignbp∂nStØmfw

thKØn¬ {]XnIcnt°≠XpamWv.

29. t]meokptZymKÿcpsS s]cpam‰w ˛ (1) Uyq´nbnep≈ F√m t]meokv

DtZymKÿcpw s]mXpP\ßtfmSp≈ CSs]SepIfn¬ acymZbpw HuNnXyhpw

AhktcmNnXamb klm\p`qXnbpw {]ISn∏nt°≠Xpw k`yhpw am\yhpamb `mj

D]tbmKnt°≠XpamWv.

(2) \nba]camb GsX¶nepw Dt±iyw \ndth‰p∂Xn\v th≠nb√msX

t]meokptZymKÿ¿ B¿s°¶nepw FXncmbn _e{]tbmKw \SØphmt\m _e{]tbmKw

\SØpsat∂m As√¶n¬ {]XnIqeamb GsX¶nepw t]meokv \S]Sntbm \nba\S]Sntbm

kzoIcn°pw Ft∂m Btcbpw ̀ ojWns∏SpØphmt\m ]mSp≈X√.

(3) t]meokptZymKÿ¿ Ip‰IrXyØn\ncbmbhtcmSv {]tXyIamb klm\p`qXn

s]cpam‰Øn¬ {]ISn∏nt°≠Xpw kv{XoIƒ, Ip´nIƒ, apXn¿∂ ]uc∑m¿, IgnhpIfn¬

hyXykvXcmbh¿ F∂nhcpsS {]tXyImhiy߃°v ]cnKW\

\¬Ip∂hcpambncnt°≠XmWv.

(4) t]meokptZymKÿ¿ A\mhiyamb B{IatWm’pIXm {]IS\w

h¿÷nt°≠Xpw {]tIm]\ap≠mbm¬ Xs∂bpw Bfl\nb{¥Wan√mØ s]cpam‰w

Hgnhmt°≠XpamWv.

(5) t]meokptZymKÿcpsS ]cnNcWØntem IÃUnbntem D≈ BtcmSpw

tamiambn s]cpamdphmt\m k`ya√mØ ̀ mj D]tbmKn°phmt\m ]mSpffX√.

(6) t]meokptZymKÿ¿ s]mXp ÿeØv {]Xy£s∏Sptºmƒ imcocnIambn

kpk÷cmbncnt°≠Xpw, GsX¶nepw NpaXe ipjvIm¥ntbmSpIqSn B kabw

\n¿Δln®Xpaqea√msX, aen\ambtXm hyØntbm shSnt∏m C√mØtXm Bb

Ahÿbne√ F∂v kzbw {i≤n®v Dd∏mt°≠XpamWv.

30. t]meokv DtZymKÿ¿ \√ BtcmKyÿnXn ImØp kq£nt°≠XmsW∂v ̨ (1)

F√m t]meokv DtZymKÿcpw imcocnIhpw am\knIhpamb \√ BtcmKy\ne

ImØpkq£nt°≠XmWv.

(2) kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhn°v, Cu hnjbw kw_‘n®v k¿°m¿

]pds∏Sphnt®°mhp∂ GsX¶nepw \n¿t±iØn\v hnt[bambn, {]mbw, enwKt`Zw,

tPmenbpsS kz`mhw, s]mXp kaqlØn¬ s]mXpsh \nehnep≈ Ahÿ F∂nhbv°v

aXnbmb ]cnKW\ \¬Ins°m≠v, Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ≥ ImØpkq£nt°≠

imcocnIhpw am\knIhpamb ImcytijnbpsS \nehmcw hn\n¿tZin°mhp∂XmWv.

(3) GsX¶nepw ]cnt°m NpaXem\n¿ΔlWtam NpaXem\n¿ΔlWØn\nSbn¬

t\cn´ kmlNcyw aqetam Zo¿L\mfsØ AkpJw sImt≠m (2) ̨ mw D]hIp∏p{]Imcw

hn\n¿t±in°s∏´ \nehmcw ImØpkq£n°p∂Xn\v km[n°p∂n√ F¶n¬ bmsXmcp

t]meokv DtZymKÿt\mSpw, imcocnI \nehmcw ]pe¿Øp∂Xn¬ hogvNhcpØn F∂

ImcWØm¬ hnthN\w ImWn°phm≥ ]mSp≈X√:

F∂m¬, k¿°m¿ \n¿Æbn°p∂ am\ZWvU߃°pw \S]Sn{Ia߃°pw

hnt[bambn t]meokv tPmen sNøphm≥ imcocnIhpw am\knIhpw Bb Imcytijn

C√mØ Hcmsf \n¿_‘nX s]≥jt\m {]tXyI B\pIqeyßtfm \¬In k¿Δokn¬

\n∂v hnSpX¬ sNømhp∂XmWv.

(4) k¿°m¿, tIcfmt]meoknse AwK߃°nSbn¬ am\knIhpw imcocnIhpamb

BtcmKyw h¿≤n∏n°p∂Xn\v t{]m’ml\hpw ASnÿm\ kuIcyßfpw \¬Ip∂ {]tXyI

kwhn[m\߃ hn`htijnbv°v hnt[bambn G¿s∏SptØ≠XmWv.

31. t]meokv hnhc߃ clkyambn kq£nt°≠XmsW∂v ˛ (1) GsX¶nepw

hy‡nbpsStbm ÿm]\Øns‚tbm {]h¿Ø\߃ kw_‘n®v t]meokv AhcpsS

I¿Øhy \n¿ΔlWØn\nSbn¬ tiJcn°p∂ F√m hnhcßfpw, GsX¶nepw HutZymKnI

Bhiy߃°v D]tbmKs∏SpØp∂Xn\√msX, clkyambn kq£nt°≠XmWv.

(2) Ip‰IrXy߃ I≠p]nSn°p∂Xnt\m XSbp∂Xnt\m th≠n hnhc߃

{]kn≤s∏SpØp∂Xv HutZymKnI Bhiyßfn¬ Dƒs∏Sp∂XmWv.

(3) ]{Xßfntem GsX¶nepw Zriyam[yaßfntem {]kn≤oIcn°p∂Xn\v th≠n

kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhnbpsS A\paXnbn√msX IÃUnbnep≈ hy‡nIsf

{]Z¿in∏n°phmt\m AhcpsS t^mt´m FSp°p∂Xv A\phZn°phmt\m ]{XktΩf\w

\SØphmt\m ]mSp≈X√.

32. t]meokptZymKÿs‚ hniZoIcW _m≤yX ̨ (1) GsXmcp Bfnt\m As√¶n¬

AbmfpsS Xmev]cyw kwc£n°p∂ GsX¶nepw {]Xn\n[nt°m, Xs‚ icocsØtbm,

kzØns\tbm, Io¿Ønsbtbm {]XnIqeambn _m[n® GsXmcp t]meokv \S]SnbpsSbpw

ImcWw At\zjn°p∂Xn\pw Adnbp∂Xn\pw AhImiap≠mbncn°p∂XmWv.

(2) Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ≥, GsX¶nepw Hcmfns‚ icocsØtbm kzØnt\tbm

Io¿Øntbtbm A]mbs∏SpØphmt\m Ahsb {]XnIqeambn _m[n°phmt\m

km≤yXbp≈ GsXmcp {]hrØn sNøptºmgpw AØcw {]hrØnsb \nb{¥n°p∂

GsX¶nepw \nba{]Imctam As√¶n¬ kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhnbpsS DØchv

{]Imctam Hmtcm {]tXyI kmlNcyØnepw \ymbambn {]mtbmKnIamb coXnbn¬ Xs‚

\S]SnIƒ kw_‘n®v tcJIƒ Xømdm°n kq£nt°≠XmWv;

F∂m¬, \S∂psIm≠ncn°p∂ At\zjWØnt\m, hnNmcWbvt°m cmjv{SØns‚

kpc£mXmev]cyØnt\m, lm\nIcamIpsa∂ ImcWØm¬, GsX¶nepw Bfn\v hnhcw

\¬ImXncn°p∂Xn\v Cu hIp∏n¬ ASßnbncn°p∂ bmsXm∂pw Xs∂

XS ambncn°bn√.

33. t]meokn\pw s]mXpP\߃°pw HmUntbm, hoUntbm, As√¶n¬ CeIvt{SmWnIv

dn°m¿UpIƒ kq£n®p hbv°mhp∂XmsW∂v ˛ (1) t]meokn\v AhcpsS NpaXeIƒ

\n¿Δln°p∂Xn\nSbn¬ sNbvX GsXmcp {]hrØnbpsSbpw HmUntbm, hoUntbm

As√¶n¬ CeIvt{SmWnIv dn°m¿UpIƒ Xømdm°n kq£n°mhp∂Xpw Aßs\bp≈

dn°m¿UpIƒ t]meokv \S]SnbpsS kXymhÿ tNmZyw sNøs∏Sp∂ GsXmcp

\S]Sn{Iaßfnepw D]tbmKs∏SpØmhp∂XpamWv.

(2) Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ\pw, GsX¶nepw s]mXpÿetØm kzImcy ÿetØm

\S°p∂ GsX¶nepw t]meokv {]h¿Ø\Øns‚tbm \S]SnbpsStbm HmUntbm, hoUntbm

As√¶n¬ CeIvt{SmWnIv dn°m¿UpIƒ s]mXpP\ßfn¬ Bsc¶nepw \nbahnt[bambn

FSp°p∂Xns\ XSbphm≥ ]mSp≈X√.

34. t]meokn\v ]cmXn Fßs\ \¬IWsa∂v.˛ 1973 se {Inan\¬ \S]Sn

\nbakwlnXbnse (1974 se 2˛mw tI{μ BIv‰v ) hyhÿIƒ°v hnt[bambn t]meokn\p≈

Hcp ]cmXn hmMvaqetam tcJaqeamtbm BwKyØneqsStbm ASbmfØneqsStbm

As√¶n¬ UnPn‰tem CeIvt{SmWnt°m Bb D]m[nIfneqsStbm \¬Imhp∂Xpw

]cmXnbnt∑¬ _‘s∏´ t]meokv DtZymKÿ≥ DNnXamb \nba\S]Sn FSp°phm≥

_m≤yÿ\mbncn°p∂XpamWv.

35. km£nItfmSv t]meokv am\yambn s]cpamtd≠XmsW∂v.˛ (1) \nbam\pkrXambn

Xm≥ HutZymKnIambn Bcmtb≠p∂ GsX¶nepw ImcysØ kw_‘n®v hkvXpXIfpw

kmlNcyßfpw GsX¶nepw Bfn\v Adnhps≠¶n¬ Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ\v AØcw

Bfns\ A\mhiyambn _p≤nap´n°p∂n√ F∂v Dd∏m°nsIm≠v B Bfnt\mSv A°mcyw

Bcm™v Adnbp∂Xn\p≈ \S]Sn FSp°mhp∂XmWv.

(2) km[mcWbmbn, AØcw F√m BfpIsfbpw, AhcpsS XmakÿetØm tPmen

ÿetØm Ah¿ AhnsS D≈t∏mƒ kao]nt°≠Xpw Cu BhiyØn\mbn Ip´nIsftbm,

kv{XoIsftbm, apXn¿∂ ]uc∑msctbm t]meokv tÃj\nte°v hnfn®phcpØphm≥

]mSn√mØXpamWv.

(3) GsX¶nepw hkvXpXtbm kmlNcytam Bcm™dnbp∂Xn\mbn t]meokns\

klmbnt°≠n h∂p F∂ ImcWØm¬ GsX¶nepw Bƒ°v GsX¶nepw Znhkw Xs‚

thX\w \jvSamIp∂{X KuchXcamb AkuIcyw D≠mIpIbmsW¶n¬ Abmƒ°v

{Inan\¬ PÃnkv an te\nbkv FIvkvs]≥kkv ^≠n¬ \n∂v s]mXphmbn

\n¿Æbnt®°mhp∂ am\ZWvU߃°p hnt[bambn kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhn

\n›bn°p∂ XpI \¬tI≠XmWv.

36. Bhiys∏´m¬ Xncn®dnbp∂Xn\p≈ hy‡nhnhc߃ \¬tI≠XmsW∂v ̨ (1)

Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ≥ aXnbmb ImcWßfm¬ Bhiys∏´m¬ GsXmcmfpw Xs∂

Xncn®dnbp∂Xn\p≈ hy‡nhnhc߃ \¬tI≠XmWv.

(2) Hcp hy‡nbpsS Xncn®dnb¬ Dd∏m°p∂Xn\mhiyamb DNnXhpw \ymbhpamb

\S]SnIƒ B t]meokv DtZymKÿ\v kzoIcn°mhp∂Xpw Cu BhiyØnte°mbn Hmtcm

kμ¿`Øn\pw DNnXamb coXnbn¬ Aßs\bp≈ hy‡n]camb Xncn®dnb¬ tcJIƒ

{]kvXpX t]meokptZymKÿ\v krjvSn°pItbm Xømdm°pItbm sNømhp∂XpamWv.

(3) bmsXmcmfnt\bpw Abmƒ \¬Inb Xncn®dnb¬ hnhc߃

]cntim[nt°≠Xps≠∂ ImcWØm¬ am{Xw Cu hIp∏p {]Imcap≈ A[nImcw

ImcWam°n Hcp coXnbnepw AdÃpsNøphmt\m IÃUnbn¬ kq£n°phmt\m k©mc

\nb{¥WØn\v hnt[b\m°mt\m ]mSp≈X√.

(4) Cu hIp∏p {]Imcw A[nImcw hn\ntbmKn°p∂ F√m t]meokptZymKÿcpw

kzbw a‰p≈h¿°v ImWØ° hn[Øn¬ Xncn®dnb¬ _mUvPv As√¶n¬ Im¿Uv

[cn®ncnt°≠Xpw Bsc¶nepw Bhiys∏´m¬ Aßs\bp≈ HutZymKnI Xncn®dnb¬

tcJ Ahsc ImWnt°≠XpamWv.

37. kzImcy ÿeßfn¬ t]meokn\p≈ {]thi\w.˛ kpc£ Dd∏m°p∂Xnt\m

Bk∂amb A]ISw Hgnhm°p∂Xnt\m th≠n Hmtcm t]meokv DtZymKÿ\pw BNmcw,

acymZ, kzImcyX, HuNnXyw F∂nhbv°v X°Xmb ]cnKW\ \¬Ins°m≠v, icnsb∂pw

aXnbmbsX∂pw Aßs\bp≈ DtZymKÿ\p \ymboIcW _m≤yÿXbpw

DØchmZnXzhpw D≈ ImcWaps≠¶n¬, GsXmcp kzImcy ÿeØpw

{]thi\ap≠mbncn°p∂XmWv:

F∂m¬, Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ≥, Cu A[nImcw hn\ntbmKn°p∂Xn\p apºv,

sI´nSØns‚bpw ]cnkcØns‚bpw NpaXebp≈ hy‡nbpsS klIcWhpw kΩXhpw

t\Sm≥ km≤yamIp∂nStØmfw {iant°≠XmWv.

38. Ip‰IrXyw XSbp∂Xn\v t]meokv CSs]tS≠XmsW∂v ˛ (1) Hcp t]meokv

DtZymKÿ≥ AbmfpsS km∂n≤yØntem kao]tØm \S∂p sIm≠ncn°p∂tXm

\S°m≥ t]mIp∂tXm Bb GsX¶nepw Ip‰IrXyw AbmfpsS Ignhns‚ ]camh[n

\nba]cambn CSs] v́ XStb≠Xpw Ahkm\n∏nt°≠XpamWv.

(2) Cu BhiyØn\mbn Abmƒ°v ÿeØp≈ GsX¶nepw Imbi‡nbp≈

{]mb]q¿Ønbmb hy‡nbpsS tkh\w \nbam\pkrXw Bhiys∏Smhp∂Xpw

kzoIcn°mhp∂Xpw \ymbamb ImcWan√msX bmsXmcmfpw ÿeØv k∂nlnX\mb

DtZymKÿ≥ \¬Inb A{]Imcap≈ \nbam\pkrXhpw \ymbhpamb \n¿t±i߃

A\pkcn°mXncn°phm≥ ]mSn√mØXpamIp∂p.

(3) A{]Imcap≈ \n¿t±i߃ A\pkcn°mXncp∂p F∂ ImcWw sIm≠pam{Xw

Hcp hy‡nsb Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ\pw AdÃv sNømt\m \o°w sNømt\m ]mSp≈X√.

am{Xa√ Bhiys∏´ tkh\w X’abw \¬Inbn√ F∂ ImcWØm¬ Abmƒs°Xncmbn

Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhnbpsS ap≥Iq¿ A\paXnbn√msX bmsXmcp \nba \S]SnIfpw

kzoIcn°m\pw ]mSn√mØXmIp∂p.

39. t]meokns‚ \nba{]Imcap≈ \n¿t±i߃ ]ment°≠XmsW∂v ˛ (1) Cu

BIv‰n≥ Iognep≈ Xs‚ NpaXeIƒ \n¿Δln°p∂Xn\pth≠n Hcp t]meokv

DtZymKÿ≥ \¬Ip∂ \nba{]Imcap≈ \n¿t±i߃ F√mhcpw ]ment°≠XmWv.

(2) \nbaw A\pimkn°p∂ GsX¶nepw \n¿t±iw A\pkcn°s∏Sp∂p

F∂pd∏phcpØp∂Xn\v Cu BIvt‰m AXn≥Iogn¬ D≠m°nb GsX¶nepw N´tam,

dKptejt\m, DØcthm {]Imcw Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ\n¬ \n£n]vXamb GsX¶nepw

\nbam\pkrX NpaXe \n¿Δln°p∂Xn\nSbv°v, Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ\v,˛

(F) GsX¶nepw \nba{]Imctam As√¶n¬ GsX¶nepw \nbaØn≥ Iogn¬

D≠m°nb GsX¶nepw N´tam DØcthm {]Imctam in£m¿lamb Hcp Ip‰IrXyw sNøm≥

Hcpßp∂ Hcmƒ°v AXv XSbp∂Xn\mbn ap∂dnbn∏p \¬Imhp∂XmWv;

(_n) GsXmcp BtfmSpw, Abmƒ kz¥w ImcyØntem as‰mcmfpsS ImcyØntem

Xs‚ NpaXebnep≈ GsX¶nepw ImcyØntem {]h¿Ønt°≠ coXn \n¿Æbn°p∂

GsXmcp \nbahpw ]men°phm≥ Bhiys∏Smhp∂XmWv;

(kn) (F)˛bpw (_n)˛bpw C\ßfnse hyhÿIƒ°v hnt[bambn, Ip‰w

sNbvXpsIm≠ncn°p∂tXm As√¶n¬ t]meokv DtZymKÿs‚ km∂n≤yØn¬ Ip‰IrXyw

sNbvXtXm Bb GsXmcmtfbpw, Aßs\bp≈ AdÃv \nbam\pkrXw BhiyamsW∂v

IcpXp∂]£w, AdÃv sNømhp∂XmWv;

(Un) Ip‰IrXyw sNøm\p]tbmKn®tXm, AXn\pth≠n DS≥ D]tbmKn°m≥

t]mIp∂tXm Bb GsXmcp hkvXphpw ]nSns®Sp°mhp∂XmWv;

(C) GsX¶nepw Hcp hkvXphpambn _‘s∏´v Hcp Ip‰IrXyw \S∂n´ps≠¶n¬,

AØcØnep≈ Ip‰IrXyw XSbp∂Xnt\m AtX∏‰n At\zjWw \SØp∂Xnt\m, AØcw

]nSns®Sp°¬ BhiyamsW¶n¬, B hkvXp ]nSns®Sp°mhp∂XmWv.

40. t]meokn\v \o°w sNømsa∂v.˛(1) s]mXpP\߃ lmPcp≈ ÿeØv At©m

AXne[nItam BfpIƒ, Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ≥ \¬Inb GsX¶nepw \n¿t±iw

sNdpØp \n¬°pItbm \nckn°pItbm As√¶n¬ Ah ]men°p∂Xn¬ hogvN

hcpØpItbm sNbvXm¬, {]kvXpX t]meokv DtZymKÿ\v, Cu BIv‰nsetbm at‰sX¶nepw

\nbaØnsetbm GsX¶nepw hyhÿ {]Imcw Abmƒ°v ssIs°m≈mhp∂ at‰sX¶nepw

\S]Snsb _m[n°msX Xs∂, AØcw BfpIsf s]mXpP\߃°v {]thi\ap≈Xpw

kao]Øp≈Xpw ]ckys∏SpØnbXpamb Hcp ÿetØ°v \o°w sNøn°mhp∂Xpw,

AhcpsS t]cpw ta¬hnemkhpw Bcm™v Adn™v tcJs∏SpØnbXn\ptijw, Ahsc

F{Xbpw thKw hn´bbvt°≠XpamWv:

F∂m¬, bmsXmcp ImcWhimepw A{]Imcw \o°w sNbvXhsc aq∂p aWn°qdn¬

IqSpX¬ kq£n°phm≥ ]mSp≈X√.

(2) aq∂p aWn°qdpIƒ°Iw hn´b°s∏Sp∂ Aßs\bp≈ Iq´mb \o°w sNø¬

Hcp Ip‰IrXysØ kw_‘n® AdÃmbn IcpXs∏Sphm≥ ]mSp≈X√.

41. {]tXyI A[nImcs∏Spج Bhiyap≈ Ip‰IrXyßfn¬ t]meokv \S]Sn. ̨ (1)

Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ\v, Xs‚ ]Zhnbmtem A[nImcnXbmtem AdÃpsNøphmt\m

]nSns®Sp°phmt\m GsX¶nepw {]tXyI \nba{]Imcw A[nImcs∏SpØnbn´n√mØ

GsX¶nepw sImss·k_nƒ Ip‰Øn¬ {]Xy£Øn¬Xs∂ hy‡ambn Dƒs∏´ Hcmsftbm

hkvXphns\tbm, \S]SnIƒ kzoIcn°p∂Xn\v \nba]cambn £aXbp≈ as‰mcp t]meokv

DtZymKÿt\m A[nImcntbm hs∂Øn \nba{]Imcw \S]SnIƒ FSp°p∂Xv

km≤yam°p∂Xn\pth≠n, ]camh[n BdpaWn°q¿ kabtØ°v ImØpkq£n°m

hp∂XmWv.

(2) ta¬ D]hIp∏p {]Imcw e`yamb A[nImcw Hcp t]meokptZymKÿ≥

D]tbmKn°p∂Xv Abmƒ A{]Imcw {]h¿Øn®ns√¶n¬ £aXbp≈ DtZymKÿs‚tbm

A[nImcnbpsStbm A`mhwaqew Ip‰hmfn c£s∏Sphmt\m sXfnhpIƒ

\in∏n°s∏Sphmt\m \ymbamb km≤yXbp≈ kmlNcyßfn¬ am{Xambncnt°≠XmWv.

(3) A{]Imcw Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ≥ {]h¿Øn°ptºmƒ BbXv \ymbamb

{]mtbmKnIXbv°v hnt[bambn ÿeØv e`yamb tbmKycmb km£nIfpsS

km∂n≤yØnepw Bfns\tbm hkvXphns\tbm ImØpkq£nt°≠Xv B {]tXyI

kmlNcyØn¬ \ymbhpw bp‡hpw DNnXhpamb ÿeØpw Bbncnt°≠XmWv.

42. {Iakam[m\]me\hpw A]mb߃ XSbepw.˛(1) GsX¶nepw ÿeØv

KpcpXcamb {IacmlnXytam kam[m\ ewL\tam, IqSnbncn°p∂ P\߃°v {]ISambXpw

DS≥ kw`hn°mhp∂Xpamb A]mbtam XSbp∂Xn\pth≠n AØcw ÿeØp

k∂nlnX\mb A[nImcnXbp≈ GsXmcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ\pw, Abmƒ°v

Bhiysa∂v IcpXp∂ \ymbamb \n¿t±i߃ AØcw ÿeßfnse BfpIfpsS

s]cpam‰w kw_‘n®v \¬Imhp∂Xpw AØcw \n¿t±i߃ F√m BfpIfpw ]men°phm≥

_m≤yÿcmbncn°p∂XpamWv.

(2) GXp t]meokv DtZymKÿ\pw, (1)˛mw D]hIp∏nse hyhÿIƒ {]m_eyØn¬

hcpØp∂Xn\mbn, s]mXpP\km∂n≤yap≈ kzImcy ÿm]\߃ Dƒs∏sSbp≈, F√m

s]mXpÿeßfnte°pw kzX{¥amb {]thi\ap≠mbncn°p∂XmWv.

43. t]meokv bqWnt^mw hyXykvXhpw {]tXyIhpw Ffp∏Øn¬ Xncn®dnbm≥

Ignbp∂Xpw Bbncnt°≠XmsW∂v ˛ (1) t]meokv DtZymKÿcpsS bqWnt^mw,

hyXykvXhpw {]tXyIhpw Ffp∏Øn¬ Xncn®dnbphm≥ Ignbp∂Xpambncn°Ww F∂

Bhiyw ap≥\n¿Øn, kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhn°v k¿°mcns‚ ap≥Iq´nbp≈

s]mXphmb AwKoImctØmSpIqSn, F√m ]Zhnbnepw hn`mKßfnepw D≈ t]meokv

DtZymKÿcpsS bqWnt^mw F¥mbncn°Ww F∂v hn\n¿t±in°mhp∂XmWv.

(2) bqWnt^mw [cnt°≠ kμ¿`ßfpw coXnbpw bqWnt^mw \n¿_‘ambpw

[cn®ncnt°≠Xpw C—m\pkcWw [cnt°≠Xpw [cnt°≠Xn√mØXpamb tPmenIfpw

GsX∂v kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhn°v hn\n¿t±in°mhp∂XmWv.

(3) t]meokv DtZymKÿ≥ Ft∏mgpw Xs‚ bqWnt^mw DNnXhpw tbmKyhpw

tISp]mSpIƒ C√mØXpw Bb ÿnXnbn¬, hrØntbmSpIqSn kq£nt°≠XmWv.

(4) HutZymKnI Bhiy߃°mbn Aßs\ sNøp∂ Hcp t]meokv

DtZymKÿ\√mØ bmsXmcmfpw, Iem]ctam imkv{X kw_‘nbmbtXm Bb

BhiyØn\√msX, t]meokv bqWnt^mtam, t]meokv bqWnt^mw F∂ tXm∂¬

Dfhm°p∂tXm Bb bmsXmcp thjhpw [cn°phm≥ ]mSn√mØXmWv.

(5) Hcp {]tXyI thjw AØcsamcp tXm∂¬ Dfhm°p∂pthm F∂Xv, B thjw

[cn®ncn°p∂ Hcp hy‡n Hcp \nco£I\n¬ \n∂v kpam¿ Ccp]Ønb©v ao‰¿ AIse

\n¬°ptºmƒ B thj[mcn bqWnt^mw [cn® Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ\msW∂v

\nco£I\v tXm∂p∂pt≠m C√tbm F∂Xns‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬ kwÿm\ t]meokv

ta[mhn A[nImcs∏SpØp∂ Hcp DtZymKÿ≥ Xocpam\nt°≠XmWv.

44. t]meokv Uyq´n hml\߃ hyXykvXhpw {]tXyIhpw Xncn®dnbm≥ Ignbp∂Xpw

Bbncnt°≠XmsW∂v ̨ (1) kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhn°v, k¿°mcns‚ ap≥Iq´nbp≈

AwKoImctØmSpIqSn, t]meokv hml\߃ hyXykvXhpw {]tXyIhpw s]mXpP\߃°v

Ffp∏Øn¬ Xncn®dnbphm≥ Ignbp∂Xpambncn°Wsa∂ Bhiyw ap≥\n¿Øn Hmtcm

t]meokv Uyq´n hml\Øns‚bpw \ndw, ASbmf߃, k÷oIcW߃, hml\Øns‚

`mKambn LSn∏nt°≠ D]IcW߃ F∂nh hn\n¿t±in°mhp∂XmWv.

(2) hn\n¿t±in°s∏´ cq]Ønep≈ t]meokns‚ F√m Uyq´n hml\ßfpw

ASnb¥nctam {][m\ambtXm Bb at‰sX¶nepw tPmenbn¬ B kabw hym]rXas√¶n¬

GsXmcmfns‚bpw ASnb¥ncamb klmbm`y¿∞\tbmSv {]XnIcn®v \ymbhpw

kμ¿t`mNnXhpamb t]meokv klmbw \¬tI≠Xn\mbn D]tbmKs∏SptØ≠XmWv.

(3) HutZymKnI BhiyØn\mbn Aßs\ sNøp∂ t]meokv DtZymKÿ\√mØ

bmsXmcmfpw, Iem]ctam imkv{Xkw_‘ntbm Bb BhiyØn\√msX GsXmcp

hml\tØbpw AXv Hcp t]meokv hml\amsW∂ tXm∂¬ Dfhm°p∂ ÿnXnbn¬

kq£n°phmt\m D]tbmKn°phmt\m ]mSn√mØXpw Hcp \n¿±njvS hml\w AØcsamcp

tXm∂¬ Dfhm°p∂pthm F∂Xv B hml\Øn¬ \n∂v kpam¿ \qdv ao‰¿ AIse

\n¬°p∂ Hcp km[mcW \nco£I\v, {]kvXpX hml\w t]meokns‚ Uyq´n hml\ambn

tXm∂p∂pt≠m C√tbm F∂Xns‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬ kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhn

A[nImcs∏SpØp∂ Hcp DtZymKÿ\v Xocpam\n°mhp∂XmWv.

45. {]iv\_m[nX {]tZißfn¬ {]tXyI A[nImc߃ ̨ (1) h¿§obtam cmjv{Sobtam

Bb ImcWßfmtem A{IaØmtem `oIc{]h¿Ø\tam tZihncp≤Xtbm aqetam

GsX¶nepw {]tZiØv A{Iaßfpw, hn[zwkI {]h¿Ø\ßfpw s]mXpkzØv \in∏n°epw

hym]Iambpw Zp lambpw _m[n®m¬, k¿°mcn\v, B {]tZisØ Hcp {]iv\_m[nX

{]tZiambn {]Jym]n°mhp∂XmWv.

(2) Hcp {]tZiw {]iv\_m[nX {]tZiambn {]Jym]n°s∏´m¬ Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhn

\ntbmKn°p∂Xpw sU]yq´n t]meokv kq{]≠ns‚ dm¶n¬ IpdbmØXpamb DtZymKÿ\v

{Iakam[m\ ]me\Øns‚ Xm¬∏cym¿∞w,˛

(F) B {]tZiØv BfpIfpsSbpw hml\ßfpsSbpw k©mcØn\v \ymbamb

]cnanXnIƒ G¿s∏SpØpIbpw;

(_n) B {]tZiØv GsX¶nepw BfpsS {]h¿Ø\߃°v \nb{¥Ww

G¿s∏SpØnbns√¶n¬ Abmƒ {Iakam[m\ ]me\Øn\v ̀ wKw hcpØp∂ {]h¿Ø\߃

\SØpsa∂v t]meokn\v hkvXpXm]cambn t_m≤yap≈ ]£w, Abmƒ FhnsSbmWv

F∂v Abmƒ, t]meokns\ t]meokv \n¿t±in°p∂ coXnbn¬ Adnbn®p

sIm≠ncn°Wsa∂v Abmƒ°v DØchv \¬IpIbpw;

(kn) B {]tZiØv Bbp[ßfpsSbpw kvt^mSIhkvXp°fpsSbpw ssek≥kv

kkvs]‚ v sNøpIbpw, ssek≥kv D≈htcmSv AhcpsS Bbp[߃ kq£n°phm≥

t]meokns\ G¬∏n°m≥ \n¿t±in°pIbpw;

(Un) B {]tZitØ°v {]thin°p∂tXm As√¶n¬ AhnsS \n∂v hn´pt]mIp∂tXm

Bb GsXmcmsftbm, hml\sØtbm, Is≠bv\sdtbm ]cntim[n∏n°pIbpw;

sNømhp∂XmWv.

46. AdÃv sNøs∏´hcpsS taep≈ \nb{¥Ww.-̨ (1) Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ\v,

Abmƒ AdÃv sNbvXbmƒ IÃUnbn¬ \n∂pw \nbahncp≤ambn c£s∏Sp∂n√m F∂v

Dd∏phcpØphm≥ DNnXamb _‘\ kwhn[m\߬ D]tbmKn°mhp∂Xpw Aßs\

c£s∏Sm≥ {ian°p∂ Bƒs°Xncmbn Bhiyamb _e{]tbmKw \SØmhp∂XpamWv.

(2) AdÃv sNøp∂ t]meokv DtZymKÿ≥, AdÃv sNøs∏´bmƒ

ssIhneßne√mØ]£w IÃUnbn¬ \n∂pw c£s∏Spsat∂m a‰p≈hsctbm

Xs∂Øs∂tbm D]{Zhw G¬∏n°psat∂m hnizkn°m≥ X° ImcWans√¶ntem,

{]kvXpX ImcW߃ B DtZymKÿ≥ FgpXn tcJs∏SpØnbn´ns√¶ntem AdÃv

sNøs∏´bmsf \nb{¥n°p∂Xn\mbn ssIhneßv D]tbmKn°m≥ ]mSp≈X√.

(3) Hcmƒ AdÃv sNøs∏ v́ t]meokv IÃUnbnencn°ptºmƒ kμ¿`Øn\v \ymbambn

tbmPn® am\yamb coXnbn¬ Abmƒ ]Xnhmbn [cn®p ioen® thjw D]tbmKn°phm≥

Abmsf A\phZnt°≠XmWv.

47. NnØtcmKnIƒ, aZy]m\nIƒ, AkpJap≈h¿ F∂nhsc IÃUnbn¬

kq£n°p∂Xv -̨ (1) _p≤n{`aØmtem, NnØtcmKw aqetam, elcnbpsS D]tbmKwaqetam

a‰phn[Øntem kzbw kwc£n°m≥ Ai‡cmbtXm a‰p≈h¿°v D]{Zhw

D≠m°phm\nSbp≈tXm Bb Hcmsf t]meokn\v kpc£m IÃUnbn¬

FSp°mhp∂XmWv.

(2) A{]Imcw kpc£m IÃUnbn¬ FSp°s∏´ Bfns‚ Xm¬∏cy kwc£WØn\v

AØcw ASnb¥nc \S]Sn BhiyamsW¶n¬ Hcp saUn°¬ ÿm]\tØmSv B Bfns\

\nco£WØntem NnIn’bntem Ccp]Øn\mev aWn°qdn¬ IhnbmØ kabtØ°v

kq£n°Wsa∂v tcJmaqew A`y¿∞n°mhp∂Xpw ÿm]\Øns‚ A[nImcnIƒ B

A`y¿∞\ A\pkcn°m≥ _m≤yÿcmbncn°p∂XpamWv.

(3) \nehnep≈ GsX¶nepw \nba{]Imcw {]kvXpX hy‡nbpsS NnIn’tbbpw

IÃUntbbpw kw_‘n®v Xocpam\saSp°m≥ GsX¶nepw aPnkvt{S‰n\v £aXbps≠¶n¬,

B hnhcw {]kvXpX aPnkvt{S‰ns\ Imehnfw_w IqSmsX Adnbnt°≠Xpw aPnkvt{S‰ns‚

DØchp{]Imcw XpS¿ \S]SnIƒ kzoIcnt°≠XpamWv.

48. Ip‰mtcm]nX¿°p≈ sshZy]cntim[\ -̨ GsXmcp tbmKyXbp≈ saUn°¬

{]mIvSojWdpw, At±lØns‚ apºmsI sshZy ]cntim[\bv°mbn Hcp t]meokv

DtZymKÿ≥ lmPcm°p∂, Ip‰w Btcm]n°s∏´tXm kwibn°s∏´tXm Bb Hcmsf

B DtZymKÿs‚ Bhiy{]Imcw, Bhiyamb sshZy]cntim[\ \SØphm≥

_m≤yÿ\mbncn°p∂XmWv.

49. Ip‰mtcm]nX¿°p≈ NnIn’ ̨ (1) t]meokv IÃUnbnep≈ BfpIsf aXnbmb

Imhenepw t]meokv \nco£WØnepw NnIn’n°p∂Xn\mbn F√m Bip]{XnIfpw

{]mtbmKnI kmlNcyßf\pkcn®v th≠{X kuIcyw \¬tI≠XmWv.

(2) t]meokv Bhiys∏´m¬ AØcw BfpIfpsS NnIn’m kw_‘amb F√m

saUn°¬ tcJIfpsSbpw ]I¿∏v DS≥ lmPcm°m≥ Bip]{Xn A[nImcnIƒ

_m≤yÿcmWv.

(3) GsX¶nepw ASnb¥ncL´Øn¬ Hcp kzImcy Bip]{Xnbn¬ XpS°Øn¬

{]thin°s∏´ GsXmcp Btfbpw BtcmKymhÿ ]cntim[n°p∂ tUmIvSdpsS

AwKoImcØn\p hnt[bambn Ignbp∂{X thKØn¬ k¿°m¿ Bip]{Xnbnte°v

amt‰≠XmWv.

(4) t]meokv IÃUnbnep≈ HcmfpsS sshZy]cntim[\bpsSbpw NnIn’bpsSbpw

dnt∏m¿´ns‚ ]I¿∏v Ip‰mtcm]nXtcm AhcpsS _‘p°tfm Bhiys∏Sp∂ ]£w

\¬tI≠XmWv.

50. t]meokv IÃUnbnep≈hcpsS ]cn°v kw_‘n® \S]Sn ̨ imcocnIambn ]cnt°‰

ÿnXnbn¬ GsX¶nepw Bfns\ t]meokv IÃUnbn¬ FSp°ptºmtgm Hcp t]meokv

DtZymKÿ≥ \SØnb _e{]tbmKw sIm≠v icocØn¬ ]cnt°‰ Bƒ ]cn°ns\∏‰n

]cmXns∏Sptºmtgm ]cn°p ]‰nb Imcyw t]meokv DtZymKÿs‚ {i≤bn¬ s]Sptºmtgm

AØcw Bsf G‰hpw ASpØp≈ tbmKyXbp≈ saUn°¬ {]mIvSojWdpsS apºmsI

sIm≠pt]mtI≠Xpw B saUn°¬ {]mIvSojW¿ ]cn°ns\∏‰nbpw AXv Fßs\

kw`hn®psh∂pw Bcm™dn™v tcJs∏SptØ≠Xpw Bhiyamb NnIn’ \¬tI

≠XpamWv:

F∂m¬ ]cnt°‰ Bsf Hcp aPnkvt{S‰n\p apºmsI, sIm≠pt]mIp∂Xn\v AbmfpsS

BtcmKy Ahÿ A\phZn°psa¶n¬, Abmsf tÃj≥ lukv B^ok¿ _‘s∏´

A[nImcnXbp≈ PpUojy¬ aPnkvt{S‰ns‚tbm AØcw aPnkvt{S‰ns‚ A[nImcnXbv°v

]pdØphcp∂ kwKXnbmsW¶n¬ FIvknIyq´ohv aPnkvt{S‰ns‚tbm apºmsI

lmPcmt°≠Xpw, At±lw ]cn°v ]‰nb coXnsb kw_‘n®v AbmfpsS hniZoIcWw

Bcm™dntb≠XpamWv:

F∂pam{Xa√ ]cnt°‰bmsf aPnkvt{S‰n\p apºmsI sIm≠pt]mIphm≥ ]‰mØ

BtcmKy ÿnXnbnemsW¶n¬, kw`hØns‚bpw kmlNcyØns‚bpw hnhcWw tÃj≥

lukv Hm^ok¿ DS≥Xs∂ AØcw aPnkvt{S‰n\v Ab®psImSpt°≠Xpw {]kvXpX

dnt∏m¿´ns‚ ]I¿∏v saUn°¬ B^ok¿°pw ]cn°v ]‰nb Bƒ°pw \¬tI≠Xpw BbXv

Ah¿ ssI∏‰nb hnhcw AwKoIcn®v tcJmaqew FgpXn hmtß≠XpamWv.

51. tkh\ZmXm°ƒ tcJIƒ kq£n°Wsa∂v ̨ k¿°m¿, Cu BhiyØnte°mbn

ImemImeßfn¬ hn⁄m]\w sNbvtX°mhp∂ hn`mKßfn¬s∏Sp∂ F√m

tkh\ZmXm°fpw Ah¿ apJm¥ncw tkh\w e`n® BfpIsf Xncn®dnbp∂Xn\mhiyamb

IrXyamb tcJIƒ, \¬Is∏´ tkh\ßfpsS hniZmwißtfmSpIqSn k¿°m¿

\n›bnt®°mhp∂ Imebfhnte°v kq£nt°≠XmWv.

52. tkh\ZmXm°ƒ t]meokn\v hnhcw \¬IWsa∂v ˛ (1) GsX¶nepw tkh\w

\¬Ip∂ F√m tkh\ZmXm°fpw \nbam\pkrXambn \SØs∏Sp∂ t]meokv

At\zjWhpambn _‘ap≈Xpw AØcw tkh\ ZmXm°fm¬ \¬Is∏´Xpamb

GsX¶nepw {]tXyI tkh\Øns‚tbm hnhn[ tkh\ßfpsStbm hnhcßfpw tcJIfpw

HutZymKnI NpaXem \n¿ΔlWØn\nsS Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ≥ Bhiys∏Sptºmƒ

\¬tI≠XmWv.

(2) AØcØnep≈ hnhcßfpw, tcJIfpw Ah Bhiys∏Sp∂ _‘s∏´ t]meokv

DtZymKÿ≥ \n›bn°p∂ \ymbamb kab]cn[n°p≈n¬ e`yamt°≠XmWv.

53. tkh\ZmXm°fpsS ]q¿ΔImeNcn{Xw ]cntim[n°¬.˛k¿°mcn\v,

hn⁄m]\ØneqsS, GsX¶nepw {]tZisØtbm tkh\ taJebnsetbm

tkh\ZmXm°tfmSv Ah¿ s]mXpP\߃°v GsX¶nepw tkh\w e`yam°m≥

XpSßp∂Xn\papºmbn Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhnbn¬ \nt∂m \n¿Æbn°s∏Smhp∂ a‰p

t]meokv A[nImcnIfn¬ \nt∂m Ahsc∏‰nbpw AhcpsS Poh\°msc∏‰nbpw t]meokv

shcn^nt°j≥ k¿´n^n°‰v hmßWsa∂pw Hmtcm tkh\Øns‚bpw kmlNcyØn¬

AhcpsS kaImeo\tam ]q¿Δ ImetØm D≈ {]h¿Ø\ßsf∏‰n \ymbambn Bhiyamb

hnhc߃ t]meokn\p \¬IWsa∂pw, IqSmsX hn\n¿t±in°s∏Smhp∂ Imebfhn¬

AØcw ]cntim[\bv°v Bh¿Øn®p hnt[bcmth≠XmsW∂pw \n¿t±in°mhp∂XmWv.

F∂m¬, tkh\ZmXmhn¬ \n∂pw A{]Imcw e`n°p∂ hnhc߃ GsX¶nepw Hcp

Ip‰IrXyw XSbp∂Xnt\m At\zjn°p∂Xnt\m GsX¶nepw s]mXp BhiyØnt\m

th≠nh∂me√msX clkyambn kq£nt°≠Xpw GsX¶nepw hy‡nt°m

s]mXpP\Ønt\m shfns∏SpØn \¬Im≥ ]mSn√mØXpamIp∂p.

54. tamjvSn°s∏´tXm \jvSs∏´tXm tXSp∂tXm Bb hkvXp°sf kw_‘n®v

tkh\ZmXm°ƒ dnt∏m¿´v sNtø≠XmsW∂v.˛ (1) \jvSs∏´tXm, tamjvSn°s∏´tXm

GsX¶nepw Ip‰IrXyØns‚ ̀ mKambn I≠p]nSnt°≠tXm Bb km[\ kma{KnIfpsS

]´nI e`yambnStØmfap≈ Xncn®dnb¬ hnhcßtfmSpIqSn GsXmcp t]meokv

DtZymKÿ\pw, GsXmcp tkh\ZmXmhns\bpw G¬∏n°mhp∂XmWv.

(2) AXn\ptijw AØcw GsX¶nepw km[\w B tkh\ZmXmhns‚

{i≤bn¬s∏´m¬ {]kvXpX km[\w ssIhiap≈bmfns‚ t]cpw ta¬hnemkhpw Abmƒ

Bcm™v Adnbphm≥ {iant°≠Xpw km[\w XS™ph®v DS≥Xs∂ B kmlNcyw

G‰hpw ASpØp≈ t]meokv tÃj\n¬ Adnbnt°≠XpamWv.

(3) (1)˛mw D]hIp∏p{]Imcap≈ tkh\ZmXmhn\v, AØcw km[\w ssIhiap≈

Bƒ icnbmb ta¬hnemkw Xcp∂n√ F∂v hnizkn°m≥ aXnbmb ImcWaps≠¶n¬

B Bfns\ Hcp aWn°qdne[nIw hcmØ kabtØ°v t]meokv FØp∂Xphsc

XS™p\n¿Ømhp∂XmWv.

55. t]meokv ]nSns®SpØ hkvXp°fpsS kq£n∏pw ssIsbmgn°epw.˛(1) Hmtcm

t]meokv tÃj\nepw t]meokv ]nSns®SpØtXm t]meokns‚ ssIhiØn¬

h∂ptN¿∂tXm Bb hkvXp°ƒ kq£n°p∂Xn\v ]cym]vXamb ÿew

D≠mbncnt°≠XmWv:

F∂m¬, AhnsS ÿew ]cym]vXas√¶n¬ Ah kq£n°p∂Xn\mbn t]meokv

tÃj≥ A√msXbp≈ tbmPyamb Hcp ÿew k¿°mcn\v, hn⁄m]\w sNømhp∂XmWv.

(2) t^md≥knIv ]cntim[\bv°v Bhiyap≈ kmºnfpIƒ tiJcn®Xn\ptijw,

£aXbp≈ hnZKv≤s‚ km∂n≤yØn¬ _‘s∏´ tImSXnIƒ°v ap≥Iqdmbn Adnbn∏v

\¬InbXn\ptijw kvt^mSIhkvXp, lm\nIcamb cmkhkvXp°ƒ apXemb

A]ISIcamb hkvXp°ƒ t]meokn\v \in∏n°mhp∂XmWv.

F∂m¬, s]m´nsØdntbm lm\ntbmaqeap≠mIp∂ A]ISw Bk∂amsW¶n¬

kmºnƒ tiJcWw Hgnhm°mhp∂XmWv.

(3) \nba]camb GsX¶nepw BhiyØn\v, ]n∂oSv D]Icn°phm≥ km≤yXbn√mØ,

thKØn¬ \in®pt]mIp∂ km[\߃ Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhnbpsS DØchv {]Imcw

teew sNbvXv hn¬t°≠Xpw Aßs\ e`n°p∂ XpI {Inan\¬ PÃnkv ankte\nbkv

FIvkvs]≥kkv ̂ ≠n¬ \nt£]nt°≠Xpw BWv.

(4) (F) t]meokv ]nSns®SpØtXm tImSXnbpsS \nb{¥WØnep≈tXm Bb

GsX¶nepw hkvXp t]meokv kq£n°Wa∂v GsX¶nepw tImSXn DØchnSptºmƒ,

hkvXphns‚ kq£n∏v `cta¬∏n°s∏´n´p≈ t]meokv DtZymKÿ\v {]kvXpX hkvXp

kpc£nXambn kq£n°p∂Xn\v Xs‚ \nb{¥WØn¬ A\ptbmPyamb ÿew e`ya√

F¶n¬ A°mcyw tImSXnbn¬ t_m[n∏n°mhp∂XmWv.

(_n) A{]Imcap≈ Hcp ÿnXnhntijw {i≤bn¬s∏´m¬ {]kvXpX hkvXp

kq£n°p∂Xn\v A\ptbmPyamb Hcp ÿew Is≠Øn B hkvXp AhnsS

kq£n°p∂Xn\v {]kvXpX t]meokptZymKÿs\ tImSXn°v A\phZn°mhp∂XmWv.

(kn) A{]Imcw IÃUnbn¬ kq£n°p∂Xpambn _‘s∏´ sNehpIƒ k¿°m¿

t\cnt´m {Inan\¬ PÃnkv ankte\nbkv FIvkvs]≥kkv ̂ ≠n¬ \nt∂m ]q¿Æambpw

hlnt°≠XmWv.

(5) t]meokv ]nSns®SpØ GsXmcp hkvXphpw tImSXnbpsS s]mXphmbtXm

{]tXyIambtXm Bb A\phmZtØmSpIqSn, AXmXp kmlNcyßfn¬ A\ptbmPyamb

BfpIfpsStbm GP≥knIfpsStbm ÿm]\ßfpsStbm kpc£nXamb kq£n∏n¬

hbv°mhp∂XmWv.

56. AhIminbn√mØ hkvXp°ƒ kw_‘n® t]meokv \S]Sn.˛ (1) Hmtcm t]meokv

DtZymKÿ\pw C\n ]dbp∂ PwKahkvXp°fpsS Xm¬°menI NpaXe

Gs‰Spt°≠XmWv,˛

(i) Abmƒ Is≠SpØtXm, Abmƒ°v ssIam‰w sNøs∏´tXm Bb As√¶n¬

AbmfpsS ssIhiap≈tXm Bb Bcpw AhImiap∂bn°mØtXm Gs‰Sp°m≥

hnkΩXn°p∂tXm Bb PwKahkvXp°ƒ;

(ii) hkvXphns‚ DSabvt°m NpaXe°mct\m BbXv \o°w sNøWsa∂v

hkvXphn≥tatem AXn\p kao]tØm ]Xn® t\m´okv aptJ\ \n¿t±iw \¬Inbn´pw

\ymbamb kabØn\Iw Bcpw \o°w sNømsX GsX¶nepw s]mXp sXcphn¬

InS°p∂Xmbn ImWs∏Sp∂ PwKahkvXp°ƒ;

(2) (1)˛mw D]hIp∏p {]Imcw hkvXphns‚ NpaXe Gs‰Sp°p∂ t]meokv

DtZymKÿ≥ B {]tZiØv AØcw hkvXp°ƒ km[mcW ssIImcyw sNøp∂ am\y\mb

GsX¶nepw hym]mcnbn¬ \n∂pw BbXns‚ GItZi hn]Wnhne Xn´s∏SpØn tcJmaqew

hmßnbtijw hkvXphns\bpw AXns‚ aqeysØbpw kw_‘n® hniZhnhc߃

AXns‚ A[nImcnXbp≈ Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhn°pw FIvknIyq´ohv aPnkvt{S‰n\pw

\¬tI≠XmWv.

(3) AØcw GsX¶nepw hkvXp kzm`mhnIambn thKØn¬ \in°p∂tXm,

I∂pImentbm BsW¶n¬ tÃj≥ lukv B^ok¿°v AXns\ DS≥Xs∂

]ckyteeØneqsS hn¬°mhp∂XmWv.

(4) (1) ̨ mw D]hIp∏n≥ Iogn¬ NpaXebnep≈ hkvXphns‚ hniZhnhcw {]Xn]mZn®v

hn\n¿t±in°s∏´n´p≈ Hcp DtZymKÿs‚ apºmsI hnfw_c XobXn apX¬ ap∏Xv

Znhk߃°Iw lmPcmbn Xs‚ AhImiw ÿm]n°Wsa∂v AXn≥ta¬

AhImiap∂bn°mhp∂ GsXmcmtfmSpw Bhiys∏´psIm≠v Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhn

Hcp hnfw_cw ]pds∏Sphnt°≠XmWv.

(5) {]kvXpX hnfw_cØn¬ hy‡am°nb hkvXphns‚ ssIhiØn\v GsX¶nepw

Bƒ°v AhImiaps≠∂v t_m≤ys∏Sp∂]£w, BbXns‚ ]nSns®Sp°en\pw

kq£n∏n\pw \n›bn°s∏´ ̂ okv CuSm°nbXn\v tijw Abmƒ°v AXv hn´psImSp°m≥

Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhn°v DØchmImhp∂XmWv.

F∂m¬, AØcw DØchv AXn\\pkrXambn hkvXphns‚ ssIhimhImiw

e`n°p∂ Bfn¬ \n∂v AXns\ ]q¿Æamtbm ̀ mKnIamtbm hos≠Sp°m\p≈ as‰mcmfns‚

\nbakm[pXbp≈ AhImißsf Hcp hn[Ønepw _m[n°p∂X√.

(6) Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhn°v, (5)˛mw D]hIp∏p{]Imcw GsX¶nepw hkvXp

B¿°mtWm hn´psImSp°p∂Xv Abmfn¬ \n∂pw At±lØn\v t_m≤yap≈ skIyqcn‰n

hmßmhp∂XmWv.

F∂m¬ Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhn°v t_m≤yw hcp∂ \ymbamb ImcWßfn√msX

ssIhimhImiw \¬Is∏´ hkvXp Gs‰SpØpsIm≠pt]mIp∂Xn\v c≠p

ZnhkØne[nIw ImeXmakw hcpØnbm¬ Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhn°v (8)˛mw D]hIp∏p

{]Imcw \S]Sn kzoIcn°mhp∂XmWv.

(7) hnfw_cØn¬ hn\n¿t±in®n´p≈ Imebfhn\p≈n¬ bmsXmcmfpw A{]Imcap≈

hkvXphn¬ AhImihmZw ÿm]n®n´ns√¶n¬ Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhnbpsS DØchpIƒ

{]Imcw, {]kvXpX hkvXp GsX¶nepw HutZymKnI BhiyØn\mbn km[mcWKXnbn¬

hmtß≠ GsX¶nepw km[\Øn\v ]Icambn t]meokv hIp∏n¬ D]tbmKn°pItbm

As√¶n¬ s]mXpteeØneqsS hn¬∏\ \SØn AXn¬ \n∂pw e`n°p∂ XpI {Inan\¬

PÃnkv an te\nbkv FIvkvs]≥kkv ̂ ≠nte°v hchv hbv°pItbm sNømhp∂XmWv.

(8) (i) (1)-̨ mw D]hIp∏p {]Imcw t]meokns‚ NpaXebnep≈ hkvXp°fpsS hen∏hpw

kz`mhhpw ]cnKWn®v, BbXv kq£n°p∂Xn\v CuSmt°≠ ^okns‚ \nc°v

\n›bn°p∂Xn\v kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhn°v ImemImeßfn¬ am\ZWvU߃

\n›bn°mhp∂XmWv.

(ii) AØcw hkvXp kq£n°p∂Xn\v AhIminbn¬ \n∂v CuSmt°≠ ^okv

AØcw hkvXphns‚ hn]Wn hnebpsS ]IpXnbmb tijw GXp Znhkhpw {]kvXpX

hkvXp Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhn°v teeØn¬ hn¬°mhp∂XmWv.

F∂m¬, AØcw hkvXp t]meokv Gs‰SpØXn\ptijap≈ BZysØ Ggv

ZnhktØt°m As√¶n¬ AXv k¿°m¿ D]tbmKØn\mbn FSpØ XobXn°v tijap≈

Hcp Imebfhntet°m hkvXphns‚ bYm¿∞ DSaÿ\n¬ \n∂pw A{]Imcap≈ bmsXmcp

XpIbpw CuSm°m≥ ]mSp≈X√.

(9) Bcpw AhImiap∂bn°mØ Hcp hkvXp teeØn¬ hn‰n´ps≠¶nepw ]n∂oSv

bYm¿∞ DSabv°v as‰mcmƒ aptJ\ km[\w A\ymbambn ssIhiØne√mXmbnØo¿∂p

F∂pw B hnhcw Abmƒ bYmkabw A[nImcÿm\sØ \nba]cambn Adnbn®ncp∂p

F∂pw hy‡ambm¬, B hkvXp hn‰pIn´nb apgph≥ XpIbpw ̂ okv C\Øn¬ bmsXm∂pw

Ipdhp sNømsX bYm¿∞ DSabv°v XncnsI \¬tI≠XmWv.

(10) GsXmcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ\pw, BcmWv AhImin F∂dnbn√mØ

I∂pImenIsftbm thKØn¬ \in®p t]mIp∂ Hcp hkvXphns\tbm Hcp ZnhkØn¬

IqSpX¬ IÃUnbn¬ kq£nt°≠Xn√mØXpw Ahsb DS\Sn teew \SØnb

ImcWØm¬ B¿s°¶nepw Fs¥¶nepw \jvSw kw`hn®m¬ B DtZymKÿ≥ AXn\v

_m≤yÿ\√mØXpamIp∂p.

(11) Bcpw AhImiap∂bn°mØ (1)˛mw D]hIp∏n¬ ]cma¿in°s∏´ Hcp hkvXp

t]meokns‚ ssIhiw h∂v ap∏Xv ZnhkØn\ptijw t]meokv DtZymKÿ≥ ta¬hnhcn®

\S]Sn {]Imcw teew \SØn F∂ ImcWØm¬ GsX¶nepw Bfn\v bYm¿∞amtbm

km¶¬∏nIamtbm D≠mb Hcp \jvShpw Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ\pw

\nItØ≠Xn√mØXmWv.

57. ImWmXmb BfpIsf I≠p]nSn°m≥ t]meokv {ian°Wsa∂v.˛ (1) GsX¶nepw

Hcmsf ImWmXmbn F∂v \ymbambpw kwibn°mhp∂ coXnbn¬ tÃj≥ lukv

B^ok¿°v GsX¶nepw hnhcw e`n°ptºmsg√mw,˛

(F) AØcw Bƒ A]ISØnemsWt∂m \nbam\pkrXamb c£I¿Xr

kwc£WØne√ Ft∂m; As√¶n¬

(_n) AØcw Bƒ B]¬°camb Ip‰IrXyØn\v Ccbmbncn°msat∂m; As√¶n¬

(kn) AØcw Bƒ GsX¶nepw tImSXn {]Jym]n® \nbam\pkrX AhImiw \S∏n¬

hcpØp∂Xn¬ \n∂v Bscsb¶nepw XSbp∂Xn\mbn kzbw Hfn®ncn°p∂Xmtbm,

hnizkn°m≥ X° kmlNcy߃ Ds≠¶n¬, AØcw DtZymKÿ≥

sImss·k_nƒ Ip‰Øn\mbn \n¿Æbn°s∏´Xn\v kam\amb coXnbn¬ hnhcw cPnÿ

sNbvXv ImWmXmb Bsf Is≠Øphm≥ kXzcw {]h¿Ønt°≠XmWv.

(2) AØcw At\zjWØn¬ AØcw DtZymKÿt\m Abmƒ \ntbmKn°p∂

GsX¶nepw DtZymKÿt\m GsXmcp km£nsbbpw tNmZyw sNbvXv samgn

tcJs∏SpØmhp∂Xpw GsXmcp ÿeØpw ]cntim[\ \SØpIbpw sNømhp∂XpamWv.

(3) C°mcyw At\zjn°p∂ t]meokv DtZymKÿs‚ tNmZy߃°v F√m BfpIfpw

kXyk‘ambn DØcw \¬tI≠Xpw B DtZymKÿ≥ tcJs∏SpØp∂ AØcw

samgnbpsS ]I¿∏v km£n°v \¬tI≠Xpw ]I¿∏v e`n®Xn\ptijw AØcw ]I¿∏v

e`n®Xmbn km£n H∏n´p \¬tI≠XpamWv.

(4) Cu hIp∏p{]Imcap≈ F√m sXc®nepIfpw 1973˛se {Inan\¬ \S]Sn

\nbakwlnXbpsS (1974˛se 2˛mw tI{μ BIv‰vv) hyhÿIƒ°\pkcn®v \StØ≠XmWv.

(5) ImWmXmb Bfns\ At\zjWØn¬ Is≠Ønbm¬ DØchmZnXzap≈

c£mI¿Øm°sf tcJmaqew G¬∏n°pItbm A[nImcnXbp≈ aPnkvt{S‰ns‚ apºmsI

lmPcm°pItbm, sNtø≠XmWv.

(6) A{]Imcw lmPcm°s∏Sp∂ Bƒ Hcp kv{Xotbm Ip´ntbm BsW¶n¬ B

hy‡nbpsS kzImcyXbpw Xm¬]cyhpw kwc£n°p∂Xn\v Bhiyamb \S]SnIƒ

aPnkvt{S‰v kzoIcnt°≠XmWv.

58. ImWmXmIp∂ km[\߃ kw_‘n® cPnÿ t]meokv kq£n°Wsa∂v.˛(1)

Hcp tÃj≥ lukv B^ok¿°v GsX¶nepw Bfns‚ hne]nSn∏p≈ km[\tam

skIyqcn‰ntbm \jvSs∏´n´ps≠∂v hnizk\obamb hnhcw e`n°ptºmƒ B B^ok¿°v,

\jvSs∏´ km[\Øns‚ aqeyhpw kz`mhhpw AØcw Hcp \S]Sn{IasØ

\ymboIcn°p∂psh∂v t_m≤ys∏Sp∂ ]£w, B BhiyØn\mbn kq£n°p∂ Hcp

cPnÃdn¬ hnhcw tcJs∏SpØmhp∂Xpw, km[\w Is≠Øm≥ \ymbambpw

Bhiyamtb°mhp∂ At\zjWw \SØn∏n°mhp∂Xpw Bhiys∏Sp∂h¿°v BbXv

\jvSs∏´p F∂v tcJs∏SpØnb k¿´n^n°‰v \¬Imhp∂XpamWv.

59. Ip‰IrXyßfn¬ Dƒs∏´n´n√ F∂p≈ k¿´n^n°‰pIƒ t]meokn\v

\¬Imsa∂v.˛GsXmcp Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhn°pw tÃj≥ lukv Hm^ok¿°pw HcmfpsS

At]£ {]Imcw Abmƒ bmsXmcp Ip‰IrXyØnepw Dƒs∏´n´n√m F∂v DNnXamb

At\zjWØn\ptijw k¿°m¿ CXnte°mbn \n›bnt®°mhp∂ ^okv

CuSm°nbXn\ptijw k¿´n^n°‰v \¬Imhp∂XmWv.

60. kpc£m D]tZiw t]meokv \¬IWsa∂v.˛Hcp Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhn°v

At±lØns‚ A[nImc]cn[nbnep≈ GsX¶nepw ÿeØv hfsc hne]nSn∏p≈

PwKahkvXp°ƒ kq£n®ncn°p∂psht∂m As√¶n¬ GsX¶nepw s]mXp {]m[m\yap≈

ÿew KpcpXcamb kpc£m`ojWn t\cnSp∂psht∂m hnhcw e`n®m¬ At±lw

kzta[bm, _‘s∏´ ÿeØns‚ NpaXebp≈ Bfnt\mtSm BfpItfmtSm

IqSnbmtemNn®v, A\ptbmPyamb coXnbn¬ Hcp kpc£m]cntim[\ \SØn°mhp∂Xpw

AØcw ]cntim[\bpsS ASnÿm\Øn¬ ÿeØns‚ NpaXe°mct\mSv Bhiyamb

kpc£m ap≥IcpXepIƒ FSp°phm≥ \n¿t±in°mhp∂XpamWv:

F∂m¬, Cu hIp∏n¬ ASßnbncn°p∂ bmsXm∂pw GsXmcmsfbpw Abmsf a‰v

hn[Øn¬ \n¿_‘nX\m°mØ Hcp Imcyw sNøphmt\m sNømXncn°phmt\m

\n¿_‘n°p∂Xmbn IcpXs∏tS≠Xn√.

61. t]meokv {Sm^n°v {IaoIcnt°≠Xpw \nb{¥nt°≠XpamsW∂v: Uyq´nbnepff

Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ\v {IacmlnXyw, XS w, A]ISw F∂nh HgnhmIp∂Xn\pth≠n

s]mXpÿeßfn¬ {Sm^nIv {IaoIcn°mhp∂Xpw \nb{¥n°mhp∂Xpw, AXn\mbn

_‘s∏´h¿s°√mw \ymbamb \n¿t±i߃ \¬Imhp∂Xpw AØcw \n¿t±i߃

F√mhcpw A\pkcnt°≠XpamWv.

62.hy‡nIƒ°pw kzImcyÿm]\߃°pw kpc£ \¬IWsa∂v : (1) Pn√m

t]meokv ta[mhnt°m kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhnt°m tÃj≥ lukv B^ok¿t°m

e`yamb hnhcØns‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬, GsX¶nepw s]mXpÿetØm kzImcyÿetØm,

s]mXpP\Ønt\m GsX¶nepw hy‡nt°m ̀ cWIqSØnt\m ÿm]\Ønt\m FXncmbn

Bk∂amb GsX¶nepw Ip‰IrXyw XSbp∂Xnt\m Bk∂amb A]ISw XSbp∂Xnt\m

Hgnhm°p∂Xnt\m th≠n IqSpX¬ t]meokv tk\sb kuP\yambn hn\ykn∏n°p∂Xn\p

Xocpam\w GSp°mhp∂XmWv.

(2) km[mcW t]meokv tkh\Øns‚ `mKambn s]mXpP\߃°v e`yamb

s]mXphmbXpw km[mcW Afhnep≈Xpamb t]meokv {IaoIcW߃°v D]cnbmbn,

KpcpXcamb Ip‰IyXyw kw`hn°Wsa∂pff A]ISw Bk∂amsW∂v kwÿm\

t]meokv ta[mhnt°m Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhnt°m tÃj≥lukv B^ok¿t°m

a‰phn[Øn¬ t_m≤ys∏Sp∂nSsØmgnsIbpff kmlNcyßfn¬ Hcp kzImcy hy‡nt°m

kzImcykzØnt\m am{Xambn kuP\yamtbm, ^okv CuSm°nsImt≠m {]tXyI

t]meokns\ h¿≤n® tXmXn¬ \n¿_‘ambn hn\ykn∏n®p In´phm≥ Hcp hy‡n°pw

ÿm]\Øn\pw AhImiap≠mbncn°p∂X√.

(3) k¿°mcnt\m kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhnt°m, Hcp hy‡nbpsStbm

ÿm]\Øns‚tbm kwLØns‚tbm AhcpsS kzØp°fpsStbm kwc£WØnt\m

am{Xambn IqSpX¬ t]meokns\ hn\ykn∏n°m\pff am\ZWvUhpw \S]Sn{Iahpw

CuSmt°≠ ̂ okns‚ tXmXpw AXv CuSmt°≠ kmlNcyßfpw \n›bn°mhp∂XmWv.

63. sImss·k_nfmb Ip‰Ønte°v \bn°mhp∂ X¿°ßfn¬ t]meokv \S]Sn:-̨

GsX¶nepw hy‡nItfm kwLßtfm XΩnepff X¿°w F{Xbpw s]s´∂v ]cnlcn°mØ

]£w Hcp tImss·k_nƒ Ip‰ambn ]cnWan°phm≥ km[yXbpff kmlNcyw,

Bsc¶nepw {i≤bn¬s∏SpØnbm¬ tÃj≥ lukv B^ok¿:˛

(F) _‘s∏´ hy‡nIfpamtbm A°mcyw Adnbmhp∂ a‰pffhcpamtbm kwkmcn®v

hkvXpXIfpw kmlNcyhpw Xn´s∏SpØphmt\m;

(_n) X¿°apff hy‡nIƒt°m As√¶n¬ G√m kwL߃°ptam X¿°Øns‚

XpS¿®bmbn \nbahncp≤amb Fs¥¶nepw {]hrØn sNøp∂Xns\Xnsc tcJmaqew

ap∂dnbn∏p \¬Iphmt\m;

(kn) X¿°apff hy‡nIsftbm, kwLßtftbm ]ckv]c N¿®bneqsStbm

a[yÿXbneqsStbm {]iv\w ]cnlcn°p∂Xn\v t{]m’mln∏n°phmt\m;

(Un) X¿°w ]cnlcn°p∂Xn\v A[nImcnXbpw £aXbpapff Hcp tImSXnsb

kao]n°Wsa∂v hy‡nIsftbm kwLßsftbm D]tZin°p∂Xnt\m;

(C) A[nImcnXbpff FIvknIyq´ohv aPnkvt{S‰v apºmsI lmPcmbn hy‡nItfmtSm

kwLßtfmtSm X¿°]cnlmcw tXSm≥ Bhiys∏Sp∂Xnt\m;

(F^v) 1973 se {Ian\¬ \S]Sn \nba kwlnXbnse (1974 se 2˛mw tI{μ BIv‰v)

hyhÿIƒ {]Imcw Hcp hy‡nt°m F√m kwL߃°ptam FXnsc bp‡amb

\S]SnIƒ kzoIcn°p∂Xn\v A[nImcnXbpff aPnkvt{S‰v apºmsI hkvXpXIƒ dnt∏m¿ v́

sNøp∂Xnt\m;

\S]SnIƒ GSpt°≠XmWv.

64. IΩyqWn‰n t]meoknwKv v (1) Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhn, t]meokns‚

IrXy\n¿ΔlWØn¬ s]mXphmb klmbw \¬Im≥ th≠n B {]tZisØ

IΩyqWn‰nbpsS {]Xn\n[nIƒ F∂ \nebn¬ Xt±ihmknIƒ Dƒs∏Sp∂ IΩyqWn‰n

kº¿° kanXnIƒ Hmtcm t]meokv tÃj\pth≠nbpw cq]oIcnt°≠XmWv.

(2) IΩyqWn‰n kº¿° kanXnbn¬ t]meokv tÃj≥ A[nImc ]cn[nbnepff

kaqlØnse G√m hn`mKßfnepw tkh\, sXmgn¬ taJeIfnepapffh¿°pw kv{XoIƒ,

]´nIPmXn, ]´nItKm{Xh¿§ hn`mK°m¿ F∂nh¿°pw \ymbamb {]mXn\n[yw

D≠mbncnt°≠XmWv.

(3){Inan\¬ tImSXn sXm´papºp≈ A©v h¿j°mebfhn¬ XShn\p in£n®tXm

As√¶n¬ AgnaXn, km∑m¿§nI A[x]X\w, s]cpam‰Zqjyw F∂o ImcWßfm¬

GsX¶nepw DtZymKØn¬ \n∂v Unkvankv sNbvXtXm, \o°w sNbvXtXm, UnkvNm¿÷v

sNbvXtXm As√¶n¬ \n¿_‘nXambn hncan°¬ \¬InbtXm Bb bmsXmcmsfbpw

IΩyqWn‰n kº¿° kanXnbnse HcwKambn \ma\n¿t±iw sNøm≥ ]mSp≈X√.

(4) IΩyqWn‰n kº¿° kanXn B {]tZiØv \nehnep≈Xpw D≠mtb°mhp∂Xpamb

s]mXpkz`mhap≈ t]meokv tkh\mhiy߃ t]meokns‚ A¿lamb ]cnKW\bv°mbn

Is≠ØpIbpw B {]tZiØns‚tbm As√¶n¬ AXns‚ GsX¶nepw ̀ mKØns‚tbm

kpc£ Dd∏m°m\p≈ I¿Ω ]≤XnIƒ hnIkn∏nt°≠XpamWv.

(5) IΩyqWn‰n kº¿° kanXn Bhiym\pkcWw tbmKw tNtc≠XmWv.

(6) kanXn tbmKßfn¬ B {]tZisØ s]mXpP\߃°v ]s¶Sp°mhp∂XmWv.

(7) IΩyqWn‰n kº¿° kanXn B {]tZiØv kw`hn® Ip‰IrXyßsf°pdn®pw

Ip‰IrXy߃ \S°m\p≈ km≤yXsb°pdn®pap≈ hnhc߃ t]meokns‚ {i≤bn¬

sIm≠phcphm≥ Hmtcm ]ucs\bpw t{]m¬kmln∏nt°≠XmWv.

(8) IΩyqWn‰n kº¿° kanXn°v Hcp {]tXyI BhiyØnt\m {]tXyI {]tZiØnt\m

{]tXyI NpaXeIƒt°m Bbn D]kanXn cq]oIcn°mhp∂XmWv.

(9)IΩyqWn‰n kº¿° kanXn°v kpc£nXXzt_m[w, c£mt_m[w, Ip‰IrXy

\nhmcWw, \nba km£cX F∂nh t{]m’mln∏n°p∂Xn\v ]cn]mSnIƒ

BhnjvIcn°mhp∂XmWv.

(10) IΩyqWn‰n kº¿° kanXn°v \nba{]Imcap≈ t]meokns‚ bmsXmcp

A[nImchpw C√mØXpw Ip‰mt\zjWtam {Iakam[m\]me\tam kanXn kzbw

Gs‰Sp°m≥ ]mSn√mØXpamWv.

65. _o‰v t]meokv tkh\w.˛ (1) Hmtcm t]meokv tÃjs‚bpw A[nImctaJe

hnhn[ t]meokv _o‰pIfmbn hn`Pnt°≠Xpw Hmtcm _o‰v {]tZiØn\pw ÿnc

ASnÿm\Øn¬ _o‰p \SØp∂Xn\v _o‰v]t{SmfpIsf \ntbmKnt°≠XpamWv.

(2) C\n ]dbp∂ Imcy߃ _o‰v ]t{Smfns‚ I¿Øhyßfnepw, DØchmZnXzßfnepw,

a‰pImcyßtfmsSm∏w Dƒs∏Sp∂XmWv.˛

(F) B {]tZiØv Xmakn°p∂ IΩyqWn‰n kº¿° kanXnbnse AwKßfpambpw

kmaqly PohnXØn¬ kPoh ]¶mfnØap≈ ]uc∑mcpambpw _‘s∏SpI;

(_n) _o‰v {]tZiØv Ip‰IrXy߃ XSbm\p≈ \S]SnIƒ Hmtcm kμ¿i\

kabØpw AhtemI\w sNøpI;

(kn) _o‰v {]tZiØv Ip‰hmfnIƒ, Xo{hhmZnIƒ, kmaqlyhncp≤¿, {i≤n°s∏tS≠

A]cnNnX¿ XpSßnbh¿ Ds≠¶n¬, Ahcpambn _‘s∏´ hnhcw tiJcn®v t]meokv

tÃj≥ NpaXebp≈ DtZymKÿs\ Adnbn°pI;

(Un) {]tXyI \nco£WØn\v hnt[bcmbn Ip‰hmfnIƒ Bsc¶nepw _o‰v t{]ZiØv

Ds≠¶n¬ Ahtcbpw, {Inan\¬ ]›mØew Dffhscbpw Zpxkz`mhap≈hscbpw

\nco£n°pI;

(C) A{IaØn\v km[yXbp≈ {]mtZinI X¿°ßsf°pdn®v a\ nem°pIbpw

e`yamb F√m hnhcßtfmSpw IqSn t]meokv tÃjs‚ NpaXebp≈ DtZymKÿs\

Adnbn°pIbpw sNøpI;

(F^v) ta¬t\m´w hln°p∂ DtZymKÿ¿ {]tZisØ kw_‘n®v

Gev]n®psImSp°p∂ at‰sX¶nepw t]meokv tPmenIƒ \n¿Δln°pI;

(Pn) t]meokv tkh\w kw_‘n®v s]mXpP\ßfn¬ \n∂p≈ k¶Sßfpw,

]cmXnIfpw tcJs∏SpØn t]meokv tÃjs‚ NpaXebp≈ DtZymKÿs\ Adnbn°pI;

IqSmsX

(F®v) kμ¿i\ kabØv \n¿Δln® tPmenIsf°pdn®v tcJIƒ kq£n®v Ah

t]meokv tÃjs‚ NpaXebp≈ DtZymKÿ\v ka¿∏n°pI.

66. s]mXpP\߃°v ]mcntXmjnIw ˛ Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhn°v k¿°m¿

DØchpIƒ°pw \n¿t±i߃°pw hnt[bambn, anI® tkh\w \¬InbXnt\m, Ip‰IrXyw

XSbp∂Xnt\m, Ip‰mt\zjWØnt\m {Iakam[m\tam kpc£tbm KXmKX kpc£tbm

ImØp kq£n°p∂Xnt\m klmbtam hnhctam \¬Ip∂Xn\v s]mXpP\߃°v

]mcntXmjnIw hmKvZm\w sNømhp∂Xpw AXv \evImhp∂XpamWv.

67. elf XSbp∂Xn\mbn sI´nShpw ]cnkchpw Gs‰Sp°¬˛ (1) Bk∂amb

elftbm KpcpXcamb kam[m\`RvP\tam XSbp∂Xnt\m Aa¿®sNøp∂Xnt\mth≠n

ÿeØv lmPcp≈ G‰hpw ko\nbdpamb C≥kvs]IvS¿ dm¶n¬ IpdbmØ t]meokv

DtZymKÿ\v Ccp]Øn\mev aWn°qdn¬ IhnbmØ Hcp Imebfhnte°v GsX¶nepw

sI´nStam a‰v ÿetam Xm¬°menIambn AS®nSpItbm Gs‰Sp°pItbm sNømhp∂Xpw

AhnsS\n∂pw F√mhscbptam GsX¶nepw BfpItftbm am‰n\n¿Ømhp∂Xpw

Bhiysa∂v IcpXp∂ hyhÿIfnt∑¬ \n›bn°s∏´ BfpIƒ°v am{Xambn AhnsS

{]thi\w \¬Imhp∂Xpw _‘s∏´ F√m BfpIfpw AØcw DØchpIf\pkcn®v

s]cpamdm≥ _m[yÿcmbncn°p∂XpamWv.

F∂m¬ AØcw \S]SnIƒ kzoIcn°ptºmƒ Aßs\bp≈ sI´nStam ÿetam

D]tbmKn°p∂ kv{XoIƒ, Ip´nIƒ, apXn¿∂ ]uc∑m¿, Ignhn¬ hyXykvXXbp≈ BfpIƒ

F∂nh¿°p≠mImhp∂ {]bmk߃ IW°nseSpØv AØcw {]bmk߃ ]camh[n

Hgnhmt°≠XmWv, F∂p am{Xa√ Ccp]Øn\mev aWn°qdn\ptijw Adp]Xv Znhkwhsc

AØcw \n¿t±i߃ \¬Ip∂Xn\pw \S∏nem°p∂Xn\pw Pn√m aPnkvt{S‰ns‚

tcJmaqeap≈ DØchv Bhiyambncn°p∂XmWv.

(2) Pn√m aPnkvt{S‰n\v kzta[bmtbm, (1)˛mw D]hIp∏n≥ Iognepff Hcp DØchn\m¬

k¶Sw A\p`hn°p∂ GsX¶nepw Bfns‚ At]£bnt∑tem Aßs\bpff GsXmcp

DØchpw d±p sNøpItbm am‰w hcpØpItbm sNømhp∂XmWv.

68. A]ISßtfm Zpc¥ßtfm ssIImcyw sNø¬˛ GsX¶nepw ÿeØv KpcpXcamb

A]IStam Zpc¥tam kw`hn°p∂ kabØv Bk∂hpw KpcpXchpamb

kam[m\`RvP\Ønt\m s]mXp kam[m\ewL\Ønt\m s]mXpP\߃°v Imcyamb

AkuIcyØnt\m B]Ønt\m ImcWamIm≥ km≤yXbpff GsX¶nepw X¿°w,

A`n{]mb`n∂X, hnhmZw, Ipg∏w F∂nh AhnsS \ne\n¬°p∂psh∂v ÿeØv lmPcpff

G‰hpw ko\nbdmb t]meokv DtZymKÿ≥ IcpXp∂ ]£w, G√m BfpIfpw

s]cpamtd≠sXßs\sb∂v kμ¿`hpw Bhiyhpw A\pkcn®v \ymbamb DØchpIƒ

At±lØn\v \¬Imhp∂Xpw Aßs\bpff DØchpIƒ _‘s∏´ G√m BfpIfpw

A\pkcnt°≠XpamWv.

69. A·n_m[, Zpc¥w As√¶n¬ A]ISw D≠mIp∂ Ahkcßfnse \S]SnIƒ

(1) A·n_m[tbm Zpc¥tam A]IStam D≠mIp∂ Ahkcßfn¬ GsX¶nepw t]meokv

DtZymKÿt\m ̂ b¿ k¿Δoknse AwKØnt\m aPnkvt{S‰nt\m AØcØnepff Bfns‚

Akm∂n[yØn¬ Hcp ]ªnIv k¿Δ‚nt\m C\n ]dbp∂ Imcy߃ sNømhp∂XmWv,

AXmbXv:˛

(F) Poht\m kztØm kwc£n°p∂Xn\pff c£mZpcnXmizmk {]h¿Ø\߃

XS s∏SpØp∂hsc \o°w sNøpItbm \o°w sNøm≥ DØchnSpItbm sNøpI;

(_n) c£m ZpcnXmizmk {]h¿Ø\߃°v Bhiyamb s]mXphmbtXm

kzImcyambtXm Bb sXcphv As√¶n¬ hgn ASbv°pI;

(kn) Poh\pw kzØpw kwc£n°m\pff c£mZpcnXmizmk {]h¿Ø\ßfpsS

BhiyØnte°mbn At±lØnt\m At±lØns‚ \n¿t±iØnt∑¬ {]h¿Øn°p∂

h¿t°m, s]mXphmbtXm kzImcyambtXm Bb GXp hf∏nepw IS°pItbm Xpd°pItbm

s]mfn°pItbm tlmkv ss]t∏m a‰v D]IcWßtfm ISØnhnSpItbm sNøpI;

(Un) Poh\pw kzØpw kwc£n°p∂Xn\v kXzcw Bhiysa∂v tXm∂p∂ {]Imcapff

DNnXhpw \ymbhpamb \S]SnIsfSp°pI;

(C) Poh\pw kzØpw kwc£n°p∂Xn¬ kzImcytam A√msXtbm Bb

D]IcWßtfm a‰v Imcyßtfm Bhiys∏Smhp∂Xpw AXv ssIhiapffh¿ t]meokv

DtZymKÿcpsS \n¿t±i{]Imcw \¬tI≠XpamWv.

(2) (1)˛mw D]hIp∏n¬ \¬Inbn´pff \n¿t±i߃ aqew kw`hn® GsXmcp

\mi\jvShpw, A·n_m[, Zpc¥w As√¶n¬ A]ISw F∂nhbv°mbpff

GsX¶nepw C≥jzd≥kv t]mfnknbpsS A¿∞hym]vXn°pffn¬ hcp∂

A·n_m[, Zpc¥w As√¶n¬ A]ISw F∂nhaqeapff C≥jzd≥kv

kwc£WØn\¿lamb \mi\jvSambn IcpXs∏tS≠Xpw AØcØnepff

C≥jzd≥kns‚ A`mhØn¬ Pn√m aPnkvt{S‰v Xn´s∏SpØntb°mhp∂ XpI \ymbamb

\jvS ]cnlmcambn _‘s∏´ I£nIƒ°v k¿°mcn\v \¬Imhp∂XpamWv.

(3) Cu hIp∏nse bmsXm∂pw GsX¶nepw t]meokv DtZymKÿt\tbm ^b¿

k¿Δoknse GsX¶nepw AwKsØtbm aPnkvt{S‰ns\tbm ]ªnIv k¿Δ‚ns\tbm

\ymbamb ImcW߃ C√msX Abmƒ sNbvX GsX¶nepw {]h¿ØnIƒ aqeap≠mb

\mi\jvSßfpsS _m[yXbn¬ \n∂pw Hgnhm°p∂X√.

70. t]meokv D]IcWw ssek≥knwKn¬ \n∂pw Hgnhm°Wsa∂v;˛ t]meokv

hIp∏ns‚ DSaÿXbn¬ t]meokns‚ GsX¶nepw NpaXeIƒ \n¿Δlnt°≠

BhiyØnte°mbn HutZymKnI D]tbmKØnepff D]IcWßsftbm hkvXp°sftbm

GsX¶nepw \nbaØn≥ Iogn¬ ssek≥kv FSpt°≠XmsWt∂m GsX¶nepw k¿°m¿

GP≥knt°m ]ªnIv AtXmdn‰nt°m GsX¶nepw hm¿jnI ̂ otkm, ssek≥kv ̂ otkm

\¬tI≠XmsWt∂m D≈ \n_‘\Ifn¬ \n∂pw k¿°mcn\v Hgnhm°mhp∂XmWv.

71. t]meokv DtZymKÿ≥ hnhcw apXembh ka¿∏n°msa∂v-̨ GsXmcp t]meokv

DtZymKÿ\pw GsXmcp HutZymKnI hnhchpw Hcp aPnkvt{S‰ v ap≥]msI

ka¿∏n°mhp∂Xpw Ip‰w sNbvX GsX¶nepw Bfns\Xncmtbm Hcp km[\w

I≠p]nSn°p∂Xn\mtbm \nbaw aqew ka≥tkm, hmdt≠m, sk¿®v ˛ hmdt≠m

AØcØnepff \nba]camb a‰v t{]mkkpItfm ]pds∏Sphn°m≥ At]£n°mhp∂Xp

amWv.

A≤ymbw˛6

t]meokv sdKptej\pIƒ

72. {Sm^nIv {IaoIcW kanXn ̨ (1) Hmtcm {Kma ]©mbØnepw, ap\nkn∏men‰nbnepw,

tIm¿∏tdj\nepw {Sm^nIv kw_‘amb Imcy߃ {IaoIcn°p∂Xn\mbn {Sm^nIv

{IaoIcW kanXnIƒ \n¿Æbn°s∏Sp∂ {]Imcw cq]oIcnt°≠XmWv.

(2) {Sm^nIv {IaoIcW kanXnbn¬ _\v[s∏´ Xt±i `cWØeh≥

A≤y£\mbncnt°≠Xpw Pn√m aPnkvt{S‰v, Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhn, doPnbW¬

{Sm≥kvt]m¿ v́ Hm^ok¿, s]mXpacmaØv GIvknIyq´ohv F©n\ob¿ F∂nh¿ \n¿t±iw

sNøp∂ DtZymKÿ¿ AwKßfmbncn°p∂XpamWv.

(3) {Sm^nIv {IaoIcW kanXn , Hmtcm {]tZiØpw 1988 se tamt´m¿ hml\ BIv‰pw

(1988 se 59), 2007 se tIcf tdmUv tk^v‰n AtXmdn‰n BIv‰pw (2007 se 8) Ahbv°v

Iogn¬ D≠m°nb N´ßƒ°pw hncp≤a√mØ coXnbn¬ s]mXpP\߃°v D≠mImhp∂

A]mbw, XS w, AkuIcyw apXembh XSbp∂Xn\mbn {Sm^nIv kw_‘n®v C\n∏dbp∂

Imcyßfn¬ DØchpIƒ ]pds∏Sphn°mhp∂Xpw A{]Imcw ]pds∏Sphn°p∂

DØchpIƒ _‘s∏´ hIp∏pIfpw DtZymKÿcpw s]mXpP\ßfpw ]ment°≠XpamWv.

(F) s]mXpÿeßfnse F√m XcØnepap≈ {Sm^n°ns‚ coXnbpw kabhpw

{IaoIcn°pI;

(_n) s]mXp\ncØneqsS k©cn°p∂hcpsS {i≤ Xncn°mt\m Ah¿°v

A]ISIcamImt\m km[yXbp≈ coXnbn¬ GsX¶nepw hkvXphn¬ ImWs∏Sp∂ Iam\w,

tXmcWw, _m\¿, tlm¿UnwKpIƒ, ASbmf߃, {]Xncq]߃, sse‰v D]tbmKn®p≈

{]Z¿i\߃, \n¿ΩmW{]hrØn, I®hSw, sh¬UnwKv, A¥co£ aen\oIcWw,

i_vZieyw, ]mds]m´n°¬, J\\w, ]S°ws]m´n°¬, ]´w]d∏n°¬, shSnacp∂p{]tbmKw

F∂nh {IaoIcn°pIbpw Bhiysa¶n¬ \o°w sNøpIbpw sNøpI;

(kn) sXcphpIfneqsS XSn, Ig, GWn, Ccpºp ]mfn, _oapIƒ, _mdpIƒ,

t_mbnedpIƒ, I®n, aÆv, ssIImcyw sNøm≥ {]mbmkap≈ a‰v hkvXp°ƒ F∂nh

sIm≠p t]mIp∂Xns‚ hn[hpw coXnbpw {IaoIcn°pI;

(Un) tdmUv D]tbmKn°p∂h¿°v A]ISap≠m°mhp∂ kvt^mSIhkvXp°tfm

As√¶n¬ lm\nIcamb cmkhkvXp°tfm s]mXpÿeßfneqsS sIm≠pt]mIp∂Xv

{IaoIcn°pI;

(C) \new]Xn°m≥ t]mIp∂ sI´nSßfn¬ \nt∂m a‰v ImcWßfmtem D≈ A]ISw

D≠mIpsa∂v \ymbamb t_m≤yap≈ kmlNcyßfn¬ Nne sXcphpIƒ AS®nSpItbm

Nne ÿeßfntebv°v Bcpw {]thin°cpsX∂v \njvI¿jn°pItbm sNøpI;

(F v̂) tdmUcpIn¬ ÿnXn sNøp∂ kzImcy sI´nSØntebv°pw ÿetØbv°pw

sXcphn¬ \n∂pw s]mXp ÿeØp \n∂pw D≈ {]thi\Øns‚ coXnbpw am¿§hpw

{IaoIcn°pI;

(Pn) CXp kw_‘n®v kwÿm\Ønt\m t]meokv hIp∏nt\m GsX¶nepw kmºØnI

_m≤yX hcpØmsX s]mXpP\߃°v KXmKX \SØn∏n¬ kzta[bm klmbn°mhp∂

coXn \n›bn°pI.

(4) Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhn°v {Sm^nIv {IaoIcW kanXnbpsS AwKoImcØn\v

hnt[bambn ta¬∏d™ Imcyßfn¬ DØchpIƒ ]pds∏Sphn°mhp∂Xpw {]kvXpX

DØchpIƒ Ggv ZnhkØn\Iw _‘s∏´ {Sm^nIv {IaoIcW kanXn°v

ka¿∏nt°≠XpamWv.

(5) C{]Imcw ka¿∏n°s∏´ DØchpIƒ {Sm^nIv {IaoIcW kanXn

]cnKWnt°≠Xpw DNnXamb Xocpam\w ssIsImt≈≠XpamWv.

F∂m¬, {Sm^nIv {IaoIcW kanXnbpsS Xocpam\w D≠mIp∂Xphsc Pn√m t]meokv

ta[mhnbpsS DØchpIƒ {]m_eyØn¬ D≠mbncn°p∂XmWv.

6 . Hcp Pn√bnse {Sm^nIv {IaoIcW kanXnIfpsS {]h¿Ø\߃

GtIm]n∏n°p∂Xn\pw Pn√bv°v samØambn ta¬∏d™ Imcyßfn¬ {Sm^nIv

{IaoIcW߃ G¿s∏SpØp∂Xn\pw Bbn Hcp Pn√mXe {Sm^nIv {IaoIcW kanXn

k¿°m¿ \n¿Æbn°p∂ {]Imcw cq]oIcnt°≠XmWv.

73. ImbnI ]cnioe\Øns‚ \nb{¥Ww˛ (1) \n¿Æbn°s∏Smhp∂ Hcp

A[nImcÿm\w CXnte°mbn \¬Inbn´p≈ Hcp s]¿an‰nse hyhÿIf\pkcn®√msX

bmsXmcmfpw B{IaWtam kzbc£tbm kw_‘n® A`ymkcoXnIƒ Dƒs°m≈p∂

ImbnI ]cnioe\w s]mXpP\߃t°m GsX¶nepw Bfnt\m BfpIƒt°m \¬IpItbm

kwLSn∏n°pItbm AXn¬ ]s¶Sp°pItbm sNøphm≥ ]mSp≈X√;

F∂m¬ Cu D]hIp∏nse hyhÿIƒ˛

(i)k¿°mcns‚ DSaÿXbntem \nb{¥WØntem D≈tXm kwÿm\sØ

GsX¶nepw k¿ΔIemimebpambn A^nentb‰v sNbvXn´p≈tXm Bb Hcp hnZym`ymk

ÿm]\w AXns‚ ]mTy]≤XnbpsStbm ]T\{IaØns‚tbm ̀ mKambn \SØp∂tXm;

(ii)tIcf kvt]m¿Svkv Iu¨kn¬ AwKoIcn® Hcp ¢t∫m, Pnwt\jytam

\¬Ip∂tXm;

Bb GsX¶nepw ]cnioe\Øn\v _m[IamIp∂X√.

(2) GsXmcmfpw Xs‚ DSaÿXbntem ssIhiØntem D≈ GsX¶nepw sI´nStam

]cnkctam C°mcyØn¬ Hcp s]¿an‰v ssIhian√mØ GsX¶nepw Bƒ°v AØcw

ImbnI ]cnioe\w \SØp∂Xn\mbn D]tbmKn°p∂Xn\v A\phZn°phm≥ ]mSp≈X√.

(3) (1) ˛mw D]hIp∏n≥ Iognep≈ s]¿an‰v \n¿Æbn°s∏Smhp∂ {]Imcap≈

D]m[nIƒ°pw \nb{¥W߃°pw hnt[bambpw A{]Imcap≈ ^okv

\¬InbXn\ptijhpw \¬tI≠XmWv.

(4) Cu BIv‰v AXn≥Iogn¬ D≠m°nbn´p≈ N´ßfpw {]ImcamWv AØcw

]cnioe\w \SØp∂sX∂v Dd∏phcpØp∂Xn\mbn ]cnioe\w \SØp∂ GsXmcp

ÿeØpw Hcp k_v C≥kvs]IvSdpsS ]Zhnbn¬ Xmsgb√mØ GsXmcp t]meokv

DtZymKÿ\pw kzX{¥amb {]thi\ap≠mbncn°p∂XmWv.

74. s]¿an‰v d±v sNøp∂Xn\p≈ A[nImcw ˛ (1) 73˛mw hIp∏ns‚ (1) ˛mw D]hIp∏v

{]Imcw \n¿Æbn°s∏´ A[nImcÿm\Øn\v {]kvXpX D]hIp∏n≥ Iogn¬ \¬Inbn´p≈

Hcp s]¿an‰v.˛

(F) AØcw s]¿an‰v ssIhiap≈bmƒ \¬tI≠Xmb GsX¶nepw ^okv

bYmhn[n \¬Inbn´ns√¶ntem;

(_n) s]¿an‰v ssIhiap≈bmtfm AbmfpsS tPmen°mct\m As√¶n¬ AbmfpsS

{]Xy£tam ]tcm£tam Bb A\paXntbmSpIqSn Abmƒ°pth≠n {]h¿Øn°p∂

a‰msc¶neptam {]kvXpX s]¿an‰nse GsX¶nepw \n_‘\Ifpw hyhÿIfpw

ewLn°pIbmsW¶ntem;

(kn) AØcw s]¿an‰v ssIhiap≈ Bsf Hcp tImSXn, kZmNmcewL\w

kmaqlyhncp≤ {]h¿Ø\߃ F∂nh Dƒs∏Sp∂ GsX¶nepw Ip‰Øn\v

in£n®n´ps≠¶ntem;

(Un) AØcw s]¿an‰v ssIhiw hbv°p∂ Bƒ 2007˛se tIcf kmaqlyhncp≤

{]h¿Ø\߃ XSb¬ BIv‰v (2007se 34) {]Imcw kmaqlyhncp≤ {]h¿Ø\hpambn

\n¿ΔNn°s∏´n´p≈ GsX¶nepw {]h¿Ø\Øn¬ G¿s∏´Xmbn At\zjWØn¬

Is≠Ønbn´ps≠¶ntem;

DØchphgn d±m°pItbm kkvs]‚ v sNøpItbm sNømhp∂XmWv.

(2) (1) ˛mw D]hIp∏n≥Iognse DØchns\Xnscbp≈ Hcp A∏o¬ ]cnioe\w

\SØp∂ ÿew ÿnXnsNøp∂ {]tZiØv A[nImcnXbp≈ C≥kvs]IvS¿ P\d¬ Hm v̂

t]meokv apºmsI \¬tI≠XmWv.

75. am v{Un¬ \ntcm[n°p∂Xn\p≈ A[nImcw ˛ (1) Pn√m aPnkvt{S‰n\v,

s]mXpkam[m\tam s]mXpkpc£tbm kwc£n°p∂Xnt\m {Iakam[m\]me\Ønt\m

A{]Imcw sNøp∂Xv BhiyamsW∂v IcpXptºmsgms°bpw Bbpta¥ns°m≠p≈

GsX¶nepw amkv{Unt√m Iq´w tN¿∂p≈ ]cnioe\tam GsX¶nepw tLmjbm{Xbn¬

Bbp[߃ sIm≠p \S°p∂tXm AXn¬ ]s¶Sp°p∂tXm At±lØns‚

A[nImcnXbp≈ GsX¶nepw {]tZiØv s]mXp t\m´okpaqetam hy‡nIƒt°m

kwLS\Iƒt°m \¬Ip∂ DØchv hgntbm \ntcm[n°mhp∂XmWv.

hniZoIcWw ̨ Cu hIp∏ns‚ Bhiy߃°mbn “Bbp[߃” F∂m¬ B{IaWw

\SØm\p≈ Bbp[ambn D]tbmKn°m≥ Ignbp∂ GsXmcp hkvXphpw

F∂¿∞amIp∂Xpw AXn¬ GsX¶nepw XcØnep≈ emØntbm hSntbm

Dƒs∏Sp∂XpamIp∂p.

(2) Cu hIp∏p{]Imcap≈ bmsXmcp \ntcm[\Øn\pw aq∂pamkØn¬ IqSpX¬

{]m_eyap≠mbncn°p∂X√;

F∂m¬, s]mXp kam[m\tam s]mXpkpc£tbm kwc£n°p∂Xnt\m {Ikam[m\

]me\Ønt\m A{]Imcw sNtø≠Xv BhiyamsW∂v k¿°m¿ IcpXp∂psh¶n¬ AXn\v

Kk‰v hn⁄m]\w hgn, (1)˛mw D]hIp∏p{]Imcw Hcp aPnkvt{S‰v ]pds∏Sphn®n´p≈

DØchns‚ \nba{]Imcap≈ Imemh[n Ahkm\n°pambncp∂ Znhkw apX¬ Bdv

amkØn¬ IhnbmsXbp≈ Imebfhnte°v IqSn {]m_eyØn¬ hcpØmhp∂XmWv.

76. GsX¶nepw sXcpthm s]mXpÿetam dnk¿Δv sNøp∂Xn\p≈ A[nImcw ˛

Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhn°v k¿°m¿ DØchpIƒ°v hnt[bambn s]mXphmb t\m´okpaqew

GsX¶nepw sXcpthm, s]mXpÿetam, GsX¶nepw s]mXpBhiyØn\mbn

Xm¬°menIambn \o°nhbv°mhp∂Xpw At±lw \n›bnt®°mhp∂ \n_‘\Iƒ

{]Imca√msX A{]Imcw dnk¿Δv sNøs∏´ {]tZiØv P\߃ {]thin°p∂Xv

\ntcm[n°mhp∂XpamWv.

77. i_vZwaqeap≠mIp∂ ieyw \nb{¥n°¬.˛ (1) Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhn°v Hcp

{]tZiØv hkn°p∂ s]mXpP\Ønt\m, Bfnt\m, ieyw, D]{Zhw, AtcmNIXzw, lm\n

As√¶n¬ A]IS km≤yX F∂nh XSbp∂Xn\mbn A{]Imcw sNøp∂Xv Bhiysa∂v

t_m[ys∏Sp∂psh¶n¬ GsX¶nepw sXcphntem Xpd mb ÿetØm, at‰sX¶nepw

sI´nSØntem;

(F) GsX¶nepw hmbv∏mt´m D]IcW kwKoXtam {]kwKtam;

(_n) i_vZw D≠m°pItbm ]pds∏Sphn°pItbm ]p\x]pds∏Sphn°pItbm

h¿≤n∏n°pItbm sNøm≥ Ignbp∂ GsX¶nepw D]IcWØns‚tbm D]mbØns‚tbm

GsX¶nepw coXnbnep≈ D]tbmKwaqew D≠mIp∂ i_vZßtfm;

(kn) i_vZtam H®tbm D≠m°p∂tXm AXn\p ImcWamIp∂tXm Bb GsX¶nepw

I®hStam sXmgntem {]h¿Ø\tam;

\ntcm[n°p∂Xnt\m {IaoIcn°p∂Xnt\m th≠n {]tXyIambtXm s]mXphmbtXm

Bb bp‡amb \n¿t±i߃ ]pds∏Sphn°mhp∂XmWv.

(2) Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhn°v kzta[bmtbm (1) ˛mw D]hIp∏p{]Imcw

]pds∏Sphn®n´p≈ DØchpaqew k¶Sa\p`hn°p∂ GsX¶nepw Bfns‚

At]£bnt∑tem Aßs\bp≈ GsX¶nepw DØchv d±m°pItbm

cq]t`Zs∏SpØpItbm hyXymks∏SpØpItbm sNømhp∂XmWv.

78. A{Iaw XSbp∂Xn\p≈ dKptej\pIƒ˛ (1) Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhn°v

s]mXpkam[m\hpw s]mXpkpc£bpw kwc£nt°≠Xn\v Bhiysa∂ kmlNcyßfn¬

\n∂v t_m≤yambm¬ ]Xns\©p ZnhkØn¬ IhnbmØ kabtØ°v s]mXphmbn

hnfw_cs∏SpØnbtXm hy‡nIsf kwt_m[\ sNbvXp sImt≠m D≈ hn⁄m]\w hgn

GsX¶nepw ÿeØv̨

(F) \ioIcW hkvXpthm, kvt^mSIhkvXp°tfm shSnacp∂pItfm I√pItfm a‰v

ansskepItfm As√¶n¬ ansskepIƒ D≠m°p∂Xnt\m sXmSpØphnSp∂Xnt\m

Ignhp≈ D]IcWßtfm B{IaWØn\p]tbmKn°m≥ Ignbp∂ GsX¶nepw

Bbp[ßtfm at‰sX¶nepw hkvXp°tfm Xømdm°p∂tXm tiJcn°p∂tXm

sIm≠pt]mIp∂tXm;

(_n) Poh\p≈hsctbm arXtZlßsftbm {]Z¿in∏n°p∂tXm ;

(kn) kmapZmbnItam aX]ctam Bb hnImcw Bfn°Øn°p∂tXm, kZmNmcØns‚

s]mXp \nehmcsØ [zwkn°p∂tXm s]mXp kam[m\sØ KpcpXcambn _m[n°p∂tXm

cmjv{SØns‚ kpc£ A]mbs∏SpØp∂tXm Bb Nn{X߃, Nn”߃, π°m¿UpIƒ,

A®Sn® ISemkpIƒ, eLpteJIƒ, ]pkvXI߃, HmUntbm hoUntbm

sd°m¿UnwKpIƒ, UnPn‰¬ sd°m¿UpIƒ, t]mÃdpIƒ, _m\dpIƒ F∂nh

Xømdm°p∂tXm, {]Z¿in∏n°p∂tXm, {]Xn\n[oIcn°p∂tXm, hnXcWw sNøp∂tXm

{]Ncn∏n°p∂tXm;

GsX¶nepw coXnbn¬ \ntcm[n°pItbm \nb{¥n°pItbm sNømhp∂XmWv.

(2) (1)˛mw D]hIp∏v {]Imcapff GsXmcp \ntcm[\hpw ewLn®psIm≠v GsX¶nepw

Bƒ D]tbmKn®tXm sIm≠pt]mbtXm Bb GsXmcp hkvXphns\bpw Uyq´nbnepff

t]meokv DtZymKÿ\v ]nSns®Sp°mhp∂XmWv.

79. s]mXpktΩf\߃ \nb{¥n°¬:˛ (1) Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhn°v Hcp {]tZisØ

s]mXpkam[m\tam im¥ntbm {Iakam[m\tam kwc£n°p∂Xn\mbn AØcw \S]Sn

\ymbbp‡amsW∂v DØat_m≤yw hcnIbmsW¶n¬ GsXmcp coXnbnepapff

s]mXpktΩf\tam tLmjbm{Xtbm s]mXphmbn hnfw_cw sNbvX hn⁄m]\w hgn

A\phZn°mhp∂tXm \nb{¥n°mhp∂tXm {IaoIcn°mhp∂tXm BWv.

(2) (1) ˛mw D]hIp∏n≥Iogn¬ hnfw_cs∏SpØnb GsXmcp hn⁄m]\Øn\pw

AXns‚ hnfw_cØobXn apX¬ ]Xn\©p ZnhkØn¬ IqSpX¬ {]m_eyw

D≠mbncn°p∂X√.

(3) k¿°mcn\v kzta[bmtbm GsX¶nepw hy‡nbpsS At]£bnt∑tem

At\zjWw \SØn (1) ̨ mw D]hIp∏n≥Iogn¬ D≠m°nb GsXmcp DØchpw d±m°pItbm

t`ZKXn hcpØpItbm AXns‚ Imemh[n \o´pItbm sNømhp∂XmWv.

(4) Xnc°pff s]mXp\ncØpIfnse {]IS\߃ P\PohnXsØ kmcambn

_m[n°p∂n√msb∂v Dd∏phcpØm\mbn k¿°mcn\v s]mXphmbtXm {]tXyIambtXm Bb

Hcp DØchneqsS AØcw {]IS\ßtfm, dmentbm, ktΩf\tam, \n¿±njvS ÿeßfntem

\Kc{]tZißfnse GsX¶nepw \n¿t±in°s∏´ hgnIfneqsStbm am{Xta \SØmhq

F∂v hy‡am°mhp∂XmWv.

80. Pn√m aPnkvt{S‰v dKptej\pIƒ D≠m°Wsa∂v̨ (1) Pn√m aPnkvt{S‰n\v At±lw

DNnXsa∂v IcpXp∂ GsX¶nepw Xt±i {]tZiØv Xt±im[nImcÿm\hpw Pn√m t]meokv

ta[mhnbpambn IqSnbmtemNn®v, ImemImeßfn¬ C\n ]dbp∂hbv°mbn

sdKptej\pIƒ D≠m°n hn⁄m]\w sNømhp∂XmWv.

(F) s]mXpkzØn\v tISp]mSv hcpØp∂tXm hrØnlo\am°p∂tXm

\in∏n°p∂tXm s]mXp ipNnXzsØtbm As√¶n¬ ]cnkcsØtbm A]ISs∏Sp

Øp∂tXm Pemibßfpw Pet{kmX pIfpw aen\s∏SpØp∂tXm Bb GsXmcp

{]hrØnbpw XSbpI;

(_n) Xt±im[nImcÿm\߃ Dƒs∏sS £aXbpff A[nImcÿm\w

\nivNbn°p∂ kabßfnepw ÿeßfnepw A√msX GsX¶nepw s]mXpkvYeØv

GsX¶nepw hkvXp°ƒ \nt£]n°p∂Xv XSbpI;

(kn) \n¿±njvS dKptej\pIƒ°\pkrXambn´√msX sXcphpIfnepsStbm

sXcphpIfnse hoSpIfntet°m, sI´nSßfntebvt°m,hoSpIfn¬ \nt∂m sI´nSßfn¬

\nt∂m hnk¿÷yhkvXp°tfm D]{ZhIcamb hkvXp°tfm km[\ßtfm

sIm≠pt]mIp∂Xv Bhiyamb ipNnXzw Dd∏phcpØp∂Xn\mbn \nb{¥n°pI;

(Un) GsX¶nepw sXcphneqsS ]I¿®hym[nItfm kmw{IanItcmKßfpfftXm Bb

BfpIsftbm arKßsftbm arKßfpsStbm a\pjycpsStbm ihicoctam AhbpsS

`mKßtfm AdhpimeIfn¬ \n∂pff D—njvStam amcIamb ssPh cmk ]Zm¿∞ßtfm

CeIvt{SmWnIv thÃpItfm {]Z¿in∏n°p∂tXm sIm≠pt]mIp∂tXm {IaoIcn°pI.

(C) GsX¶nepw sXcpthm, s]mXpÿetam D]tbmKn°p∂h¿°v A]ISw

D≠mtb°mhp∂ XcØnepff sI´nS߃, πm‰vt^mapIƒ a‰pXcØnepff FSp∏pIƒ

F∂nhbpsS \n¿ΩmWw A‰Ip‰∏Wn, s]mfn®p\o°¬ F∂nh {IaoIcn°pI;

(F v̂) {Sm^n°ns\ _m[n°mhp∂ hn[Øn¬ sshZypXn, Pew, amen\y\n¿Ωm¿÷\w,

hnhchn\nabw, hm¿Ømhn\nabw, \n¿Ωm¿÷\w, tISp]mSpXo¿°¬, ]ckyw,

IpgnsbSp°¬, th¿Xncn°¬ apXemb Bhiy߃°mbn \ncØpIfn¬ GsX¶nepw

{]hrØn Bcw`n°p∂Xn\v apºv AØcw {]hrØn kabØv t]meokn\v _Z¬ kwhn[m\w

sNøp∂Xn\pw s]mXpP\ßfpsS _p≤nap´v eLqIcn°p∂Xn\pw AØcØnepff

tPmenIƒ hnhn[ hIp∏pIƒ XΩn¬ GtIm]n∏n®p \SØp∂Xn\pw _‘s∏´ hIp∏pIfpw

t]meokpw XΩnep≈ GtIm]\Øn\pap≈ \S]SnIƒ BhjvIcn®v {IaoIcn°pI;

(Pn) ]I¿®hym[ntbm kmw{IanItcmKtam XSbp∂Xn\v ÿehmknIsfs°m≠v

AhchcpsS DSaÿXbntem ssIhiØntem Dff sI´nShpw ]cnkchpw

ipNnbm°p∂Xn\pw AWphnap‡am°p∂Xn\pw tcmK_m[nXtcm tcmKw Ds≠∂v

kwibn°s∏Sp∂tXm Bb BfpIsftbm, arKßsftbm am‰n∏m¿∏n°p∂Xn\pw

{IaoIcWw sNøpI;

(F®v) hgnbm{X°m¿t°m ]cnkchmknIƒt°m D≠mIp∂ XS ßƒ,

AkuIcy߃, _p≤nap´pIƒ, A]mbkm≤yX, A]ISw As√¶n¬ apdnhv apXembh

XSbp∂Xn\pth≠n;˛

(i) s]mXphnlmcÿeßfpambn _‘s∏´ {]h¿Ø\ßfpw;

(ii) sXcphpIfnepw s]mXpÿeßfnepw AhnsSbpff sI´nSßfnepw s]mXp

kpc£bpambn _‘s∏´ {IaoIcWßfpw;

(iii) ]md s]m´n°epw;

(iv) GsX¶nepw \n¿ΩmWw, tISp]mSv Xo¿°¬ As√¶n¬ A‰Ip‰∏Wnbpw;

(v) GsX¶nepw hmWnPy {]h¿Ø\ßfpw;

\nb{¥n°pI.

(2) A{]Imcap≈ Hmtcm sdKptej\pw AXv FhnsSbmtWm \S∏nemt°≠Xv AhnsS

{]kn≤oIcnt°≠Xpw _‘s∏´ F√m BfpIfpw BbXv ]men°phm≥

_m≤yÿcmbncn°p∂XpamWv.

81. X¿°w \ne\n¬°p∂ Bƒ°q´ßfnse {Iakam[m\]me\w ̨ (1) GsX¶nepw

ÿeØv GsX¶nepw XcØnep≈ NStßm {]IS\tam {]Z¿i\tam kwLSnXamb

P\°q´tam Bbn _‘s∏´v AXns‚ \SØn∏ntem AXn¬ ]s¶Sp°p∂Xns\∏‰ntbm

Dff Hcp X¿°tam hmKzmZtam \ne\n¬°p∂psh∂pw BbXv kam[m\`RvP\Ønte°v

\bn°m≥ km≤yXbps≠∂pw Pn√m aPnkvt{S‰n\v t_m≤ys∏´m¬, _‘s∏´ hy‡nIƒ

Fßs\ s]cpamdWsa∂Xns\ kw_‘n®v AØcw kmlNcy߃°\pkrXambn

At±lØn\v DNnXamb DØchpIƒ \¬Imhp∂XmWv.

(2) AØcw DØchpIƒ ]pds∏Sphn°ptºmƒ Pn√m aPnkvt{S‰v _‘s∏´

BfpIfpsSbpw I£nIfpsSbpw {]Xy£amb \nbamhImi߃°pw GsX¶nepw ÿm]nX

BNmc߃°pw \ymbamb ]cnKW\ \¬Inbncnt°≠XmWv.

(3) Aßs\bp≈ F√m DØchpIfpw AXv \S∏nem°p∂ {]tZiØv

{]kn≤s∏SptØ≠Xpw _‘s∏´ F√m BfpIfpw BbXn\v hnt[bamIpw hn[w

{]h¿Øn°m≥ _m≤yÿcpamWv.

(4) (1)˛mw D]hIp∏v {]Imcap≈ GsXmcp DØchpw A[nImcnXbp≈ Hcp tImSXn

]pds∏Sphn® hn[nt°m DØchnt\m hncp≤amsW∂v Pn√m aPnkvt{S‰n\v

t_m[ys∏SpIbmsW¶n¬ Ah ]n≥hen°pItbm am‰w hcpØpItbm sNtø≠XpamWv.

82. Ahiytkh\߃ \¬tI≠ BfpIƒ ̨ (1) Pn√m aPnkvt{S‰nt\m k¿°mcnt\m

GsX¶nepw {]mtZinI ÿeßfn¬ \ne\n¬°p∂ kmlNcy߃ ]cnKWn®psIm≠v,

kam[m\w \ne\n¿Øp∂Xn\v BhiyambtXm s]mXpP\߃°v A]ISw

Hgnhm°p∂Xnt\m GsX¶nepw A]ISßfn¬ \nt∂m Zpc¥ßfn¬ \nt∂m Poh\pw

kzØn\pw A]mbw kw`hn°p∂Xv XSbp∂Xnt\m th≠n GsX¶nepw BfpIfpsStbm

BfpIfpsS kwLßfpsStbm ÿm]\ßfpsStbm sXmgn¬]cambtXm am\knItam

imcocnItam ImbnItam Bb tkh\ßsf Bhiys∏Sm\pw AØcw BfpIfpw

kwLßfpw ÿm]\ßfpw AØcw tkh\߃ AhcpsS Ignhns‚ ]camh[n

\¬Iphm≥ _m[yÿcmbncn°p∂XpamWv.

(2) AØcw tkh\w \¬Ip∂ AfpIfpw ÿm]\ßfpw \ymbamb {]Xn^eØn\pw

Ah¿°v sNehmb XpI aS°n°n´phm\pw A¿lcmbncn°p∂Xpw Pn√m aPnkvt{S‰v

Aßs\bp≈ XpI Ah¿°p \¬Iphm≥ DNnXamb \S]Sn kzoIcnt°≠XpamWv.

83. {]tXyI kpc£m taJeIƒ ̨ (1) k¿°mcn\v, kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhnbpsS

ip]m¿ibnt∑tem a‰p hn[Øntem B {]tZiØp≈ hninjvS hy‡nt°m As√¶n¬

kwc£Ww \¬Is∏Sp∂ Bfnt\m As√¶n¬ AhnsS ÿnXnsNøp∂ GsX¶nepw

{][m\s∏´ ÿm]\Ønt\m ]cnkc߃t°m t\scbp≈ ISpØ kpc£m`ojWnbpsS

ImcWØm¬, GsX¶nepw {]tZisØ Hcp {]tXyI kpc£m taJebmbn

{]Jym]n°mhp∂XmWv.

(2) k¿°mcn\v, Aßs\bp≈ {]tXyI kpc£mtaJebnse sI´nS ]cnkc

ßfptSbpw hml\ßfptSbpw D]tbmKsØ kw_‘n®pw {]kvXpX {]tZisØ

hy‡nIfptSbpw hml\ßfptSbpw hkvXp°fptSbpw \o°w kw_‘n®pw \ymbamb

\nb{¥W߃ \n¿t±in°mhp∂Xpw, {]kvXpX \nb{¥W߃ ]men°p∂Xn\mhiyamb

\n¿t±i߃ _‘s∏´h¿°v t]meokptZymKÿ¿ \¬Imhp∂XpamWv.

A≤ymbw 7

tkh\ hyhÿIƒ

84. tkh\ hyhÿIƒ k¿°m¿ \n›bn°Wsa∂v ˛ 1968 se tIcf ]ªnIv

k¿Δokkv BIv‰ntebpw (1968 se 19) AXn≥Iogn¬ D≠m°nbn´p≈ N´ßfntebpw

hyhÿIƒ°p hnt[bambn t]meokv DtZymKÿcpsS \nba\w, ]cnioe\w, iºfw,

ÿewam‰w, a‰v tkh\ hyhÿIƒ F∂nh s]mXphmbtXm {]tXyIambtXm Bb

DØchn≥ {]Imcw k¿°mcn\v \n›bn°mhp∂XmWv.

F∂m¬, C¥y≥ t]meokv k¿Δokn¬ AwKßfmbp≈ DtZymKÿsc

kw_‘n°p∂ hyhÿIƒ 1951 se Hmƒ C¥y k¿Δokkv BIv‰pw (1951se 61˛mw tI{μ

BIv‰v) AXns‚ Iognep≈ N´ßfpw {]Imcambncn°Ww.

85. t]meokv DtZymKÿ¿ A®S°Øn\v hnt[bcmbncn°Ww. ˛ t]meokv

DtZymKÿcpw, t]meokv DtZymKÿ\mbn \nban°p∂Xn\v sXcs™SpØtijw

]cnioe\Øn¬ G¿s∏´ncn°p∂ BfpIfpw A®S°w kw_‘n® hyhÿIƒ°v

hnt[bambncn°p∂Xpw Ah¿,˛

(F)k¿°mtcm kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhntbm \n›bn°p∂ hn[Øn¬ s]mXp

A`n{]mb {]IS\w, kwLwtNc¬, cmjv{Sob {]h¿Ø\w, I¿ØhyØn¬ \n∂pw ]n≥amd¬,

Ahcn¬ \n∂pw {]Xo£n°p∂ s]mXphmbXpw kzImcyambXpamb s]cpam‰w F∂nhbn¬

\ymbamb \nb{¥W߃ kzoIcn°p∂Xn\pw;

(_n) AhcpsS \nba]camb I¿Øhy߃ \nbam\pkrXambn aXnbmb

ss[cytØmSpw \n›bZm¿VytØmSpw \n£v]£XtbmSpwIqSn XßfpsS Ignhns‚

]camh[n {]tbmP\s∏SpØn \n¿Δlnt°≠Xn\pw;

(kn) t]meokn\v t\cns´Sp°mhp∂ Ip‰IrXy߃ XSbp∂Xn\pw F√mbvt∏mgpw

\nbaw \S∏nem°p∂Xn\pw XßfpsS F√m Ignhpw \nbahnt[bambn

{]tbmP\s∏SpØp∂Xn\pw;

(Un) A[nImcs∏´ taeptZymKÿ¿, aPnkvt{S‰pam¿, PpUojy¬ DtZymKÿ¿

F∂nhcpsS DØchpIƒ \nbam\pkrXw \S∏nem°phm\pw taeptZymKÿcpsS hy‡amb

A\paXnbn√msX XßfpsS tPmenbn¬ \n∂pw kzbw ]n∑mdmXncn°p∂Xn\pw;

(C) NpaXes∏´ A[nImcn \n›bn°p∂ coXnbnepff bqWnt^mw \n›nX

AhkcØnepw \n›nX I¿Øhy߃ \n¿Δln°ptºmgpw [cn°p∂Xn\pw;

(F v̂) kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhn s]mXphmtbm {]tXyIamtbm ]pds∏Sphn°p∂

DØch\pkcn®v Hmtcm I¿Øhyßfn¬ G¿s∏Sptºmgpw a‰v Ahkcßfnepw

s]cpamdp∂Xn\pw;

_m[yÿcmbncn°p∂XmWv.

86. t]meokv DtZymKÿ \nba\Øn\pff AtbmKyXIƒ˛ (1) GsXmcmfpw ̨

(F) ̀ mcX ]uc≥ A√mXncn°pItbm;

(_n) A{Itam’pIXtbm Akm∑m¿§nIXtbm Dƒs°mffp∂ Hcp {Inan\¬

Ip‰Øn\v tImSXn in£n®n´pfftXm;

(kn) am\knIamtbm imcocnIamtbm s]cpam‰w sImt≠m t]meokns‚ I¿Øhy߃

\n¿Δln°p∂Xn\v AtbmKy\mbtXm;

(Un) cmjv{Sob ]m¿´nbn¬ AwKXzapfftXm t]meokv tk\bn¬ \nba\w e`n®tijw

t\ctØ e`n® AwKXzw Ahkm\n∏n°m≥ XømdmImXncn°p∂tXm;

(C) GsX¶nepw kmaqlytam, kmwkvImcnItam, aX]ctam, imkv{Xkw_‘ntbm

Bb kwLS\bnse `mchmlnXzw k¿°mtcm, kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhntbm, Pn√m

t]meokv ta[mhntbm Bhiys∏´n´pw Dt]£n°phmt\m Ahkm\n∏n°phmt\m

XømdmImXncn°p∂tXm;

(F v̂) GsX¶nepw \ntcm[n°s∏´n´pff kwLS\bn¬ AwKambncn°pItbm;

Bbm¬ t]meokv DtZymKÿ\mbn \nban°s∏Smt\m t]meokv DtZymKÿ\mbn

tPmenbn¬ XpScphmt\m A¿lXbn√mbncn°p∂XmWv.

(2) Hcp hy‡ns°Xnsc tImSXnbn¬ A{Itam’pIXbv°pw Akm∑m¿§nI

{]h¿ØnIƒ°pw {Inan\¬ tIkv \nehneps≠¶nepw Abmƒ°v t]meokv

DtZymKÿ\mbn \nba\Øn¬ ]s¶Sp°p∂Xn\pw sXcs™Sp°s∏Sp∂Xn\pw

]cnioe\Øn\pw A¿lXbp≠mbncn°psa¶nepw Abmƒ Ip‰hnap‡\mbtijw am{Xta

ÿncw \nba\Øn\v A¿lXbp≠mbncn°pIbpffq.

(3) Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ≥ \nba\Øn\v tijw Ft∏msg¶nepw (1) ˛mw

D]hIp∏n¬ (F) apX¬ (F^v) hscbpff C\ßfn¬ Dƒs∏´n´pffXmbn

Is≠ØpIbmsW¶n¬ {]kvXpX DtZymKÿs\ DSs\ Xs∂ \nba\ A[nImcn°v

kkvs]‚ v sNømhp∂Xpw, adn®v sXfnbn°p∂Xn\v \ymbamb Ahkcw \¬InbXn\v

tijw Abmsf DtZymKØn¬ \n∂pw ]ncn®phnSpItbm, \o°w sNøpItbm, \n¿_‘ambn

hncan∏n°pItbm sNømhp∂XpamWv.

87. t]meokv DtZymKÿ¿ kXy{]Xn⁄ sNtø≠XmWv̨ (1) Cu BIv‰v A\pkcn®v

t]meokv tk\bn¬ tNcp∂ Hmtcm AwKhpw ]cnioe\w hnPbIcambn

]q¿Ønbm°n°gn™v \nba\m[nImcn°v apºmsItbm At±lØm¬ \nbp‡\mb Hcp

hy‡nbpsS apºmsItbm \n›nX coXnbnepff Hcp {]Xn⁄ FSp°phm≥ _m[yÿ\mWv.

(2) A{]Imcw {]Xn⁄ FSp°phm≥ Hcmƒ hnkΩXn°pIbmsW¶n¬ AbmfpsS

\nba\w Akm[phmIp∂XmWv.

88. t]meokv DtZymKÿ¿°v A[nImcØns‚ tcJ \¬tI≠XmWv.˛(1) Hcp hy‡n

t]meokv DtZymKÿ\mbn \nban°s∏Sp∂tXmsS B hy‡n°v Cu BIv‰v A\pkcn®v

t]meokv DtZymKÿs‚ NpaXeIƒ \n¿Δln°p∂Xn\v A[nImcs∏SpØp∂ tcJ

\¬tI≠XmWv.

F∂m¬, k¿°m¿ \n›bn®n´pff ]cnioe\ ]cn]mSn hnPbIcambn

]q¿Ønbm°msX Hcp hy‡nsb t]meokv DtZymKÿ\mbn \nban°phm≥ ]mSpffX√.

(2) hnPbIcambn ]cnioe\w ]q¿Ønbm°p∂ Hcp hy‡nbpsS ]cnioe\ Imebfhv

\n¿Æbn°s∏Sp∂ {]Imcw Uyq´nbmbn ]cnKWn°p∂XmWv.

89. t]meokv DtZymKÿ¿ G√mbvt∏mgpw Uyq´nbnembncn°psa∂v˛ Ah[nbntem,

kkvs]‚ v sNbvXn´pfftXm, {]tXyIambn Hgnhm°nbn´p≈tXm A√msXbpff apgph≥

t]meokv DtZymKÿcpw Cu BIv‰v A\pkcn®pff F√m Imcy߃°pw, G√mbvt∏mgpw

I¿Øhy \n¿ΔlWØn\v _m[yÿcpw, GXp kabØpw kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhn

Xocpam\n°p∂Xv A\pkcn®v C¥ybnse GXp `mKØpw tPmen sNøp∂Xn\v

_m[yÿcpambncn°pw.

90. t]meokv DtZymKÿ¿ GXp hn`mKØnepw tkh\a\pjvTn°Wsa∂v̨ kwÿm\

t]meoknse apgph≥ t]meokv DtZymKÿcpw Ahsc sXcs™SpØXpw, \nban®Xpw

GXphn`mKØnemsW¶nepw, kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhn DØchnSp∂]£w Ah¿

t]meokv tk\bn¬ \n¿Δlnt°≠ GsXmcp tPmenbnepw Xm¬°menIambn

\nban°s∏Sphm≥ _m[yÿcmWv.

91 t]meokv DtZymKÿ¿ I¿ØhyØn¬ \n∂v ]n≥amdphm≥ ]mSn√mØXmsW∂v ̨

(1) kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhnbptStbm, At±lw A[nImcs∏SpØnb DtZymKÿs‚tbm

hy‡amb A\paXnbn√msX Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ\pw Xs‚ DtZymKØn¬ \n∂pw

cmPn hbv°pItbm, I¿ØhyØn¬ \n∂v kzbw ]n≥amdpItbm sNøphm≥ ]mSp≈X√.

(2) \nbam\pkcWw Ah[nbn¬ {]thin®v tPmenbn¬ \n∂pw hn´p \n¬°p∂ Hcp

DtZymKÿ≥ A\phZn® Ah[nbpsS Imemh[n ]q¿Ønbm°nbtijw \ymbamb ImcWw

IqSmsX XncnsI tPmenbn¬ {]thin°p∂ns√¶n¬ B DtZymKÿ≥ Cu hIp∏n¬

kqNn∏n®n´p≈ coXnbn¬ tPmenbn¬ \n∂v kzbw hn´p \n¬°p∂Xmbn

IW°m°php∂XmWv.

92. t]meokv DtZymKÿ¿ a‰v sXmgnen¬ G¿s∏ScpsX∂v ˛ kvs]jy¬ t]meokv

DtZymKÿ¿ HgnsIbp≈ GsXmcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ\pw Cu BIv‰v {]Imcap≈ tPmen

A√msX a‰v bmsXmcp sXmgnentem, DtZymKØntem G¿s∏Sphm≥ ]mSp≈X√.

93. kkvs]≥j\nep≈ t]meokv DtZymKÿ¿ A[nImcw hn\ntbmKn°cpsX∂v ˛

(1) Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ≥ Xm≥ hln°p∂ XkvXnIbn¬ \n∂pw kkvs]≥j\n¬

Bbm¬ B t]meokv DtZymKÿ\n¬ \n£n]vXamb A[nImcßfpw {]tXyI

AhImißfpw C√mXmIp∂XmWv.

(2) kkvs]‚ v sNøs∏Sp∂Xn\v apºv _m[Iambncp∂ A®S°w kw_‘n®

N´ßƒ°pw \nb{¥W A[nImcnIƒ°pw kkvs]‚ v sNøs∏´ Bƒ ]q¿Æambpw

hnt[b\mbncn°p∂XmWv.

(3) Hcp DtZymKÿ\v Xs‚ t\cn´p≈ ta¬t\m´Øn¬ {]h¿Øn°p∂ Xmgv∂

]Zhnbnep≈ DtZymKÿs\ AbmfpsS \n›nXamb NpaXeIfn¬ \n∂v Abmƒ

kkvs]≥j\n¬ As√¶n¬ t]mepw GXv kabØpw ]q¿Æamtbm `mKnIamtbm am‰n

\n¿Ømhp∂XmWv.

(4) (3) ˛mw D]hIp∏v A\pkcn®v \S]Sn kzoIcn°p∂ DtZymKÿ≥, \nb{¥Ww

G¿s∏SpØn Ccp]Øn\mev aWn°qdn\Iw \S]Sn°p≈ ImcWßfpw hkvXpXIfpw

\nba\m[nImcnsb tcJmaqew Adnbnt°≠Xpw \nba\m[nImcn Ggv ZnhkØn\p≈n¬

\S]Sn ÿncoIcn°pItbm t`ZKXn sNøpItbm sNøp∂ns√¶n¬ \nb{¥W \S]SnIƒ°v

km[pX C√mXmhp∂XpamWv.

94. t]meokv DtZymKÿcpsS tPmen kabw˛ (1) t]meokv DtZymKÿ¿

Bhiym\pkcWw F{X kabw tPmen sNøphm\pw _m[yÿcmsW¶nepw km[mcWbmbn

Hcp Znhkw F v́ aWn°qdn¬ IqSpX¬ tPmen Ahcn¬ \n∂v {]Xo£n°phm≥ ]mSp≈X√.

(2) Hgnhm°m\mImØtXm ASnb¥nctam Bb tPmen D≠mIptºmƒ t]meokv

DtZymKÿcpsS tPmen kabw Hcp Znhkw F´v aWn°qdn¬ IqSmhp∂XmWv.

F∂m¬, GsX¶nepw Ccp]Øn\mev aWn°q¿ Imebfhn¬ F v́ aWn°qdne[nIw

tPmen sNbvXp F∂ ImcWØm¬ Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ\pw taeptZymKÿcpsS

A\paXnbn√msX X\n°v \¬Is∏´ GsX¶nepw tPmen sNømXncn°pItbm, GsX¶nepw

ASnb¥nctam AXymhiytam Bb tPmenbn¬ \n∂v kzbw ]n≥hmßpItbm sNøm≥

]mSp≈X√.

95. t]meokv DtZymKÿ¿ `ocpXzw {]ISn∏n°cpsX∂v ˛ (1) t]meokv DtZymKÿ¿

\nba]camb NpaXe \n¿Δln°p∂Xn\nSbn¬ kmlNcyØn\v A\pkrXambn imcocnI

A]ISkm≤yX t\cnSp∂Xn\v k∂≤cmbncnt°≠XmWv.

(2) `ocpXzwaqew Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ≥ Xs‚ tPmen°nSbn¬ \ymbamb

{]hrØnbn¬ \n∂v ]n≥amdpItbm A\ymbamb {]hrØnbn¬ G¿s∏SpItbm sNøm≥

]mSp≈X√.

(3) Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ≥ Xs‚ \nba]camb NpaXe \ndth‰p∂Xn¬ \n∂pw

GsX¶nepw hy‡ntbmtSm hkvXphnt\mtSm D≈ `bwaqew A\[nIrXambn

]n≥hmßpIbmsW¶n¬ B DtZymKÿs\ ̀ ocpXzØn\v Ip‰°mc\mbn IcptX≠XmWv.

(4)Hcp {]hrØnaqew Bk∂acWtam KpcpXcamb ]cnt°m Dd∏mWv F∂v

\ymbambpw IcpXmhp∂ kmlNcyØn¬ B {]hrØn kzta[bm sNøphm≥ Hcp t]meokv

DtZymKÿt\bpw Cu hIp∏nep≈ bmsXm∂pw Xs∂ \n¿_‘n°p∂X√.

96. t]meokv DtZymKÿ¿ AgnaXnbpw ]oU\hpw dnt∏m¿ v́ sNøWsa∂v ̨ (1) Xs‚

km∂n≤yØnepw X\n°v hy‡ambn Adnbmhp∂ kmlNcyØnepw AgnaXntbm

IÃUnbnep≈ Hcmfns\Xncmbn Ip‰IrXyw kΩXn∏n°p∂Xnt\m sXfnhp≠m°p∂Xnt\m

th≠nbp≈ imcocnI ]oU\tam \S°pIbmsW∂v Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ\v DØa

t_m≤yw D≈ kmlNcyØn¬, BbXv t\cn´v NpaXes∏´ sU]yq´n t]meokv

kq{]≠ns\tbm Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhntbtbm Adnbn°phm≥ B t]meokv DtZymKÿ≥

_m[yÿ\mbncn°p∂XmWv.

(2) DØahnizmktØmSpIqSn A{]Imcw Adnbn°p∂Xv Xs∂°mƒ Db¿∂

t{iWnbnep≈ DtZymKÿs\XnscbmWv F∂p≈ ImcWØm¬ am{Xw B {]hrØn

A®S°ewL\ambn IW°m°m≥ ]mSp≈X√.

(3) A{]Imcw Adnbn®n√ F∂ H‰°mcWØm¬ Hcp t]meokptZymKÿ≥ {]kvXpX

AgnaXnbntem, ]oU\Øntem ]¶mfnbmtbm kwc£I\mtbm klmbnbmtbm

{]h¿Øn®p F∂v IcpXs∏Sphm≥ ]mSp≈X√.

F∂m¬, A{]Imcw Adnbn°mXncn°p∂ t]meokptZymKÿs\ hIp∏pXe

A®S° \S]SnIƒ°v hnt[b\mt°≠XmWv.

97. t]meokv DtZymKÿcpsS Ipd™ DtZymK Imemh[n˛ (1) kwÿm\ t]meokv

ta[mhn, td©ns‚ NpaXebp≈ C≥kvs]IvS¿ P\d¬am¿, t]meokv Pn√bpsS

NpaXebp≈ t]meokv kq{]≠pam¿ As√¶n¬ IΩojW¿am¿, tÃj≥ lukv

B^ok¿am¿ F∂nh¿°v G‰hpw Ipd™Xv c≠v h¿jw DtZymKImemh[n k¿°m¿

Dd∏mt°≠XmWv.

F∂m¬, k¿Δokn¬ \n∂v hncan°¬ s{]mtamj≥, XcwXmgvج, kkvs]≥j≥,

Ah[n XpSßnb kmlNcyßfn¬ CXv _m[IamIp∂X√.

(2)C\n (F) apX¬ (F^v) hsc ]dbp∂ ImcWßfm¬ k¿°mcnt\m

\nba\m[nImcnt°m {]YaZrjvSym t_m≤yw hcnIbmsW¶n¬ Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿs\,

AbmfpsS t]cn¬ kzoIcn°m\nSbp≈ \nba]ctam hIp∏pXeØntem D≈ \S]SnIƒ

kzoIcn°phm\p≈ kzmX{¥yw ap≥hn[nbn√msX \ne\n¿Øns°m≠v, Abmsf km[mcW

DtZymK Imemh[nbmb c≠v h¿jw ]q¿ØnbmIp∂Xn\v apºv ÿew am‰mhp∂XmWv

(F) Abmƒ A®S° \S]Sn°v hnt[b\mhpI.

(_n) A{Itam’pIXtbm Akm∑m¿KnIXtbm Dƒs∏Sp∂ Hcp {Inan\¬

Ip‰IrXyØntem AgnaXnbntem Dƒs∏´Xmbn At\zjWØn¬ {]YaZrjvSym Is≠ØpI.

(kn) imcocnIamtbm am\knIamtbm IrXy\n¿ΔlWØn\v A{]m]y\mbncn°pI.

(Un) AbmfpsS {]h¿Ø\w hnebncpØp∂ taeptZymKkvY≥ Abmƒ Imcy£aambn

tPmen sNøp∂n√m F∂v tcJmaqew dnt∏m¿´v sNøpI.

(C) AbmfpsS A[nImc]cn[nbn¬ t]meokns‚ Imcy£aX kw_‘n®v

s]mXpP\߃°v Imcyamb AXr]vXn D≠mhpI.

(F^v) hln®v sIm≠ncn°p∂ ÿm\Øv \n∂v ÿewam‰w thWsa∂v Abmƒ

tcJmaqew Bhiys∏SpI.

98. kvs]jy¬ t]meokv DtZymKÿ¿.˛(1) Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhn°v, k¿°m¿

DØchpIƒ°v hnt[bambn, tcJmaqeap≈ DØchneqsS k¬kz`mhnbpw BtcmKyhm\pw

k∂≤\pamb ]Xns\´p hb n\pw Adp]Xv hb n\pw CSbn¬ {]mbap≈Xpw kvs]jy¬

t]meokv DtZymKÿ≥ BIphm≥ tbmKy\pamb hy‡nsb {Iakam[m\ ]cn]me\Øn\v

t]meokns\ klmbn°p∂Xn\v Xm¬°menIambn \nban°mhp∂XmWv.

(2) A{]Imcw \nban°s∏Sp∂ Hmtcm kvs]jy¬ t]meokv DtZymKÿ\pw

\nban°s∏Sptºmƒ,˛

(F) k¿°m¿ AwKoIcn® Hcp k¿´n^n°‰v e`n°p∂XmWv;

(_n) Hcp km[mcW t]meokv DtZymKÿ\p≈Xpt]mep≈ A[nImcßfpw

]cnc£Ifpw D≠mbncn°p∂Xpw AXpt]mep≈ `cW]chpw A®S°sØ

kw_‘n°p∂Xpamb \nb{¥W߃°v hnt[b\mbncn°p∂XpamWv;

(kn) k¿°m¿ ]pds∏Sphn°p∂ DØchv {]Imcap≈ thX\w e`n°p∂XmWv.

(3) kvs]jy¬ t]meokv DtZymKÿ\mbn Hcmfns\ \nban°p∂p F∂p≈Xv

sIm≠pam{Xw Abmsf k¿°m¿ tPmenbn¬ ÿncamtbm Xm¬°menIamtbm FSpØXmbn

IW°m°phm≥ ]mSn√mØXpw, Abmƒ°v CtX ImcWØnt∑¬ `mhnbn¬ t]meokv

tk\bn¬ sXcs™Sp°p∂Xn\v {]tXyI ]cnKW\ D≠mbncn°p∂Xpa√.

(4) {Iakam[m\]me\Øn\v hfscb[nIw BfpIsf ASnb¥ncambn Bhiyap≈

{]tXyI ]cnXÿnXnbn¬ k¿°m¿ DØchns‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬ kvs]jy¬ t]meokv

DtZymKÿsc \nban°mhp∂XmWv.

(5) kvs]jy¬ t]meokv DtZymKÿ¿ hnap‡`S∑mtcm, hncan®

t]meokptZymKÿtcm, \mjW¬ k¿Δokv kvIow, \mjW¬ tIU‰v tIm¿]vkv, ÃpU‚ vkv

t]meokv tIU‰v F∂nhbn¬ {]h¿Ø\]cnNbap≈htcm As√¶n¬ k¿°m¿

ImemImeßfn¬ \n›bn°p∂ kam\hn`mKØn¬s∏Sp∂htcm Bbncnt°≠XmWv.

(6) kvs]jy¬ t]meokv DtZymKÿcpsS tkh\w GXp kabØpw

ap∂dnbn∏n√msXbpw, {]tXyIn®v ImcWw ImWn°msXbpw, \jvS]cnlmcw \¬ImsXbpw

Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhn°v Ahkm\n∏n°mhp∂XmWv.

(7) kvs]jy¬ t]meokv DtZymKÿ¿°v Bbp[߃ \¬Iphmt\m tIkpIƒ,

]cmXnIƒ F∂nhbpsS At\zjWØn\v Ahsc NpaXes∏SpØphmt\m ]mSp≈X√.

99. hy‡n]camb ZmkyhrØn \ntcm[n°p∂p.˛(1) t]meokv tk\bpsS A¥ n\v

\nc°mØXpw XcwXmgv∂Xpamb coXnbn¬ as‰mcmfpsS hy‡n]camb Bhiym\pkcWw

ZmkyhrØn sNøphm≥ Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿt\mSv Bhiys∏Smt\m Abmsf AXn\v

\n¿_‘n°mt\m ]mSn√mØXmWv.

F∂m¬, Cu hIp∏n¬ {]Xn]mZn°p∂ bmsXm∂pw Xs∂ t]meokns‚ GsX¶nepw

NpaXe \nbam\pkcWw \n¿Δln°p∂Xn\mhiyamb GsX¶nepw {]hrØnIfn¬ \n∂pw

hn´p\n¬°phm\p≈ AhImiw Hcp DtZymKÿ\pw \¬Ip∂X√.

100. {]hrØn IrXy\n¿ΔlWamtWm A√tbm F∂p≈Xv.˛ IrXy\n¿ΔlWhpambn

_‘s∏´ GsX¶nepw hyhlmctam NnIn’tbm \jvS]cnlmctam t£aImcytam

kw_‘n®v kmºØnI klmbtam \nbaklmbtam a‰p kuIcyßtfm Hcp

t]meokptZymKÿ\v \¬tI≠XmtWm F∂v ]cnKWn°p∂ kμ¿`Øn¬,˛

(F) Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿs‚ {]hrØn HutZymKnI IrXy\n¿ΔlWØns‚

`mKambn sNbvXXmsWt∂m;

(_n) Hcp kw`hw t]meokv DtZymKÿs‚ \nbam\pkcWap≈ HutZymKnI

IrXy\n¿ΔlWhpambn _‘s∏´ kmlNcy߃aqetam As√¶n¬ B DtZymKÿt\m

a‰ptZymKÿtcm ssIs°m≠ t]meokv \S]SnIƒ aqeapfhmb hntZzjw sImt≠m

D≠mbXmsWt∂m;

(kn) t]meokv DtZymKÿ\p≠mb ]cn°v HutZymKnI IrXy\n¿ΔlWØn¬

kw`hn®XmsWt∂m;

(Un) Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ\p≠mb ]cnt°m \jvStam Abmtfm a‰v

t]meokptZymKÿtcm \nbam\pkcWw HutZymKnI IrXy\n¿ΔlWw \SØnbXpaqew

D≠mb hntZzjØns‚ ̂ eambn D≠mbXmsWt∂m;

Xocpam\nt°≠Xmbps≠¶n¬ _‘s∏´ t]meokv DtZymKÿs‚ At]£bnt∑¬

kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhnt°m Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhnt°m DNnXamb At\zjWw

\SØn {]kvXpX DtZymKÿ\v kmºØnIklmbtam \nbaklmbtam a‰p kuIcyßtfm

\¬Ip∂Xv kw_‘n®v Xocpam\n®v \S]SnIƒ kzoIcn°mhp∂XmWv.

F∂m¬, Cu Xocpam\w aXnbmb ImcWßfps≠¶n¬ k¿°mcn\v

]p\x]cntim[n°mhp∂Xpw DNnXamb Xocpam\w A¥naambn ssIs°m≈mhp∂XpamWv.

101. hIp∏pXe in£W \S]SnIƒ.˛(1) Cu BIv‰n≥Iogntem, X’abw

{]m_eyØnep≈ at‰sX¶nepw \nbaØn≥Iogntem Ahbv°v Iognep≠m°nb GsX¶nepw

N´tam DØcthm {]Imctam GsX¶nepw t]meokptZymKÿ≥ s]cpam‰Zqjytam, Ip‰tam

sNøpIbmsW¶n¬ BbXn\v k¿°m¿ hn⁄m]\w sNbvXn´p≈ A®S°w, in£, A∏o¬

apXembh kw_‘n® N´ßƒ {]Imcw Abmsf hIp∏pXe in£W \S]Sn°v

hnt[b\m°mhp∂XmWv.

(2) GsX¶nepw t]meokv DtZymKÿs\Xnsc N´ßƒ A\pkcn®p≈ in£W

\S]Sn°v ]pdta tImSXn apºmsI {Inan\¬ \S]Sn \nbakwlnXbnse hyhÿIƒ

{]Imcap≈ \S]Sn Bcw`n°p∂Xn\v kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhn°v DØchnSmhp∂XmWv.

(3) Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿs\ Cu hIp∏p{]Imcap≈ hIp∏pXe At\zjWØn¬

Ip‰°mc\msW∂v I≠v GsX¶nepw in£W \S]SnIƒ°v hnt[b\m°p∂Xpaqew, Cu

BIv‰v Dƒs∏sS bmsXmcp BIv‰n≥ Iognepw Abmƒ {Inan\¬ Ip‰hmfnbmsWt∂m

{Inan\¬ \nba{]Imcw in£mhn[n°v hnt[b\mb BfmsWt∂m hymJym\n°phm≥

]mSp≈X√.

(4) hIp∏pXe At\zjWw ]q¿Ønbmbtijw Ip‰°mc\msW∂v ImWp∂ t]meokv

DtZymKÿs\Xncmbn Xmsg (F) apX¬ (Iyp)hscbp≈ C\ßfn¬ ]d™ncn°p∂

GsX¶nepw in£W \S]Sn A[nImcnXbp≈ DtZymKÿt\m k¿°mcnt\m kzoIcn°m

hp∂XmWv.

(F) ]ng;

(_n) {Un√pw ImbnI ]cnioe\hpw Dƒs∏sSbp≈ A[nI tPmen;

(kn) k¿°mcn\p≠mb kmºØnI \jvSw iºfØn¬ \n∂pw Xncn®v ]nSn°pI;

(Un) _‘s∏´ I£n°p≠mb kmºØnI \jvSw iºfØn¬ \n∂pw Xncn®v

]nSn°pI;

(C) tPmenbpw s]cpam‰hpw sa®s∏SpØp∂Xn\p≈ ]cnioe\w \¬I¬;

(F v̂)\n›nX {]tXyI tPmen sNøp∂Xn¬ \nt∂m, \n›nX {]tXyI ]Zhn

\¬Ip∂Xn¬ \nt∂m \ntcm[n°pI;

(Pn) Xm°oXv;

(F®v) imk\;

(sF) k©nX ̂ etØmsSb√msXbp≈ C≥{Insa‚ v XSb¬;

(sP) k©nX ̂ etØmsSbp≈ C≥{Insa‚ v XSb¬;

(sI) s{]mtamj≥ XS¬;

(F¬)k©nX ̂ ean√msX iºfw Ipdbv°pI;

(Fw) k©nX ̂ etØmsS iºfw Ipdbv°pI;

(F≥)ko\ntbmdn‰nbntem dm¶ntem XcwXmgvØpI;

(H) \n¿_‘nX hncan°¬;

(]n) \o°w sNø¬;

(Iyp) ]ncn®phnS¬.

(5) ta¬∏d™ (Pn) apX¬ (Iyp)hscbp≈ C\ßfn¬ ]d™ncn°p∂

in£W\S]SnIƒ H‰bvt°m (F) apX¬ (F v̂) hscbp≈ JWvUßfn¬ ]d™ncn°p∂

in£W\S]SnIƒ°v ]pdtatbm \¬Imhp∂XmWv.

(6) apIfn¬ (F) apX¬ (sP) hscbp≈ C\ßfn¬ ]d™ncn°p∂

in£W\S]SnIƒ km[mcWbmbn Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿs‚ s{]mtamj\v XS ambn

]cnKWn°phm≥ ]mSp≈X√.

(7) Cu hIp∏nep≈ bmsXm∂pw Xs∂ GsX¶nepw t]meokv DtZymKÿs\

A®S°\S]Snbpambn kw_‘n°p∂ Imcy߃ _‘s∏´ A[nImcnbpsStbm,

GsX¶nepw tImSXnbpsStbm ]cnKW\bn¬ sIm≠phcp∂Xn¬ \n∂v XSbp∂X√.

(8) (1) Hcp t]meokptZymKÿs\ Hcp {Inan\¬ tImSXnbpsS hnNmcWbv°v tijw

shdpsX hnSpIbmsW¶n¬ AtX kwKXn°v hIp∏pXe in£W \S]Sn

kzoIcn°mhp∂XmsW¶nepw AtX hkvXpXIfpsS ASnÿm\Øn¬ hIp∏pXe

At\zjWØn¬ AtX Ip‰Øn\v in£W\S]Sn°v hnt[b\m°phm≥ ]mSp≈X√.

(2) [m¿ΩnI A[x]X\tam a‰v Kuchkz`mhap≈ s]cpam‰ Zqjytam D≈

Ip‰Øn\mWv tImSXn in£n®n´p≈sX¶n¬ B t]meokv DtZymKÿs\ _‘s∏´ A®S°

A[nImcnt°m kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhnt°m k¿°mcnt\m Ip‰IrXyØns‚ kz`mhw

]cnKWn®v \n¿_‘nXambn hncan∏n°pItbm k¿Δokn¬ \n∂v \o°w sNøpItbm

]ncn®phnSpItbm sNømhp∂XmWv.

(9) apIfn¬ (F) apX¬ (F®v) hscbp≈ C\ßfn¬ ]d™ncn°p∂

in£W\S]SnIƒ A®S°w, in£Ww apXembh kw_‘n®v N´ßfn¬ {]Xn]mZn®n´p≈

hniZamb \S]Sn{Ia߃ ]men°msX _‘s∏´ t]meokv DtZymKÿ\v \nc]cm[nXzw

sXfnbn°m\p≈ \ymbamb Ahkcw \¬Inbtijw A[nImcs∏´ DtZymKÿ\v

Xocpam\n°mhp∂XmWv.

(10) Hmtcm dm¶nepap≈ DtZymKÿ¿s°Xncmbn hnhn[ in£W \S]SnIƒ GsX√mw

A[nImcnIƒ°v kzoIcn°msa∂Xv t]meokns‚ A®S°w, in£, A∏o¬ F∂nhsb

kw_‘n°p∂ N´ßfn¬ \njvI¿jn°p∂ {]Imcambncnt°≠XmWv.

102.kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhn in£W\S]SnIƒ t{ImUoIcnt°≠

XmWv.˛k¿°mcns‚ \n¿t±iØn\v hnt[bambn kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhn,

kam\kz`mhap≈ s]cpam‰ Zqjy߃°v \¬Imhp∂ G‰hpw IqSnbXpw Ipd™Xpamb

in£W\S]SnIƒ \n›bn®v t{ImUoIcnt°≠XmWv.

F∂m¬, GsX¶nepw kmlNcyØn¬ t{ImUoIcn®n´p≈Xn¬ \n∂pw hyXykvXamb

in£W\S]Sn kzoIcn°Ww F∂ps≠¶n¬ AXv kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhnbpsS

AwKoImctØmSpIqSn Bbncnt°≠XmWv.

103. A∏oepw dnhnj\pw.˛t]meokv DtZymKÿ¿s°Xnsc kzoIcn°p∂ hIp∏pXe

in£W\S]SnIfnt∑¬ A∏o¬, dnhnj≥ F∂nhbv°p≈ \S]Sn{Iaw CXv kw_‘n®

N´ßfn¬ \njvI¿jn°p∂ {]Imcw Bbncnt°≠XmWv.

104. t]meokv sh¬^b¿ _yqtdm.̨ (1) kwÿm\ t]meokn¬ t]meokv DtZymKÿcpsS

t£aw kw_‘n® Imcyßfn¬ kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhnsb klmbn°p∂Xn\pw

D]tZin°p∂Xn\pw Ah \S∏nem°p∂Xn\pw AUojW¬ UbdIvS¿ P\dens‚

]Zhnbn¬ IpdbmØ Hcp DtZymKÿs‚ t\XrXzØn¬ Hcp t]meokv sh¬^b¿ _yqtdm

D≠mbncnt°≠XmWv.

(2) _yqtdmbpsS NpaXeIfpw I¿Øhyßfpw a‰p ImcyßtfmsSm∏w, t]meokv

DtZymKÿcpsS t£aImcyßfpsS `cW\n¿ΔlWhpw \nco£Whpw Dƒs∏sS C\n

]dbp∂h Bbncn°p∂XmWv, AXmbXv.˛

(F) BtcmKykwc£Ww, {]tXyIn®v KpcpXchpw hn´pamdmØXpamb

tcmK_m[nXcmbh¿°pw k¿Δokn¬ \n∂v hncan® t]meokv DtZymKÿ¿°pw AhcpsS

B{inX¿°pw D≈ BtcmKy kwc£W ]≤XnIƒ;

(_n) tPmen°nSbn¬ ]cn°v G¬°p∂ t]meokv DtZymKÿ¿°v XzcnXhpw

DZmchpamb sshZyklmbw;

(kn) tPmen°nSbn¬ acWaSbp∂hcpsS AhIminIfpsS kmºØnI kpc£;

(Un) hncan°en\ptijap≈ t]meokptZymKÿcpsS kmºØnI kpc£;

(C) {Kq∏v ̀ h\\n¿ΩmWhpw {Kq∏v hmbv]mkuIcyßfpw;

(F v̂) t]meokptZymKÿcpsS am\knI kwL¿j߃ eLqIcn°p∂Xn\v DXIp∂

]≤XnIƒ;

(Pn) t]meokv DtZymKÿcpsS B{inX¿°v hnZym`ymk kuIcy߃;

(F®v) \nba]camb I¿Øhy\n¿ΔlWhpambn t\cn´v _‘w D≈tXm

I¿Øhy\n¿ΔlWØns‚ t]cn¬ D≠mb hntcm[w aqetam t]meokv DtZymKÿ\v

\nba\S]SnIƒ t\cntS≠nhcptºmƒ AXv Imcy£aambn {]Xntcm[n°m\p≈

\nba]camb kuIcyw G¿s∏Spج.

(3) _yqtdmbn¬ kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhn \n›bn°p∂ ]Øn¬ IhnbmØ

D]tZiI AwK߃ D≠mbncnt°≠Xpw Ahsc kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhn t]meoknse

hnhn[ dm¶pIfn¬ \n∂v c≠v h¿jtØ°v \ma\n¿t±iw sNtø≠XpamWv.

(4) _yqtdm, t]meokns‚ t£aw kw_‘n® \bßfpw am\ZWvUßfpw

\n›bnt°≠Xpw hnhn[ t]meokv bqWn‰pIfnse t£a{]h¿Ø\ßfpsS ta¬t\m´w

hlnt°≠XpamWv.

(5) t]meokv DtZymKÿcpsS t£a{]h¿Ø\߃°pw ]≤XnIƒ°pw th≠n

_yqtdmbpsS \nb{¥WØnepw `cW\n¿ΔlWØnepw Hcp t]meokv t£a\n[n

cq]oIcnt°≠Xpw AXn¬ C\n∏dbp∂ coXnbn¬ [\w kzcq]n°mhp∂XpamWv,˛

(F) k¿°mcns‚ [\klmbhpw k¿°m¿ A\phZn°p∂ a‰p coXnbnep≈

\nt£]ßfpw hmbv]Ifpw;

(_n) t]meokv DtZymKÿcpsS AwimZmbw;

(kn) in£W \S]Snbmbn t]meokptZymKÿcn¬ \n∂v hkqem°p∂ ]ng;

(Un) k¿°m¿ ImemImeßfn¬ A\phZn°p∂ {]Imcw hy‡nIfn¬ \nt∂m

ÿm]\ßfn¬ \nt∂m D≈ kw`mh\;

(C) t£a{]h¿Ø\ßfpsS `mKambn \SØs∏Sp∂ ÿm]\Øn¬ \nt∂m

]cn]mSnIfn¬ \nt∂m D≈ {]h¿Ø\em`w;

(F^v) t]meokv tkh\Øn\mbn GsX¶nepw hy‡nbn¬ \nt∂m ÿm]\Øn¬

\nt∂m CuSm°p∂ XpIbn¬ k¿°m¿ A\phZn°p∂ Hcp \n›nX iXam\w.

105. t]meokv FÃmªnjvsa‚ v t_m¿Uv ̨ (1) k¿°mcn\v, t]meokv UbdIvS¿ P\d¬

sNb¿am\mbpw, t]meokv AUojW¬ UbdIvS¿ P\dens‚ ]Zhnbn¬ IpdbmØ a‰p

\mev ko\nb¿ t]meokv DtZymKÿ¿ AwKßfmbpw D≈ Hcp hIp∏pXe t]meokv

FÃmªnjvsa‚ v t_m¿Uv cq]oIcn°mhp∂XmWv.

(2) t_m¿Uv AwKßfpsS HutZymKnI Imemh[nbpw, t_m¿Uns‚

{]h¿Ø\Øn\mbp≈ \S]Sn{Iahpw t_m¿Uv AXns‚ NpaXeIƒ \n¿Δln°p∂Xn¬

A\ph¿Ønt°≠ am\ZWvUßfpw k¿°mcn\v DØchp{]Imcw \n¿t±in°mhp∂XmWv.

106. t_m¿Uns‚ NpaXeIƒ ˛ (1) t_m¿Uv C\n∏dbp∂ NpaXeIƒ

\n¿Δlnt°≠XmWv,˛

(F) C≥kvs]IvS¿ apX¬ Xmtgm´p≈ dm¶nep≈ t]meokv DtZymKÿcpsS

ÿewam‰w, s{]mtamj≥ XpSßnb tkh\w kw_‘n® Imcyßfnep≈ ]cmXnbpw

A∏oepw _‘s∏´ \nbaßfpw N´ßfpw hniZambn ]cntim[n®v Xocpam\n°pItbm

AXp kw_‘n®v DNnXamb ip]m¿i ka¿∏n°pItbm sNøpI;

(_n) h\nXm t]meokptZymKÿcpsS tPmen kw_‘amb khntij {]iv\߃

]Tn°pIbpw AXv kw_‘n® ]cmXnIƒ°v Xo¿∏p Iev]n°pIbpw Bhiyamb

Imcyßfn¬ ip]m¿i ka¿∏n°pIbpw sNøpI;

(kn) kwÿm\sØ t]meokns‚ {]h¿Ø\߃, s]mXphntem {]tXyI hnjb߃

kw_‘nt®m, AhtemI\w sNøpI; IqSmsX

(Un) k¿°m¿ ImemImeßfn¬ t_m¿Uns\ G¬∏n°p∂ a‰v NpaXeIƒ.

(2) t_m¿Uns‚ ip]m¿iIƒ°v k¿°m¿ aXnbmb ]cnKW\ \¬tI≠XmWv.

(3) k¿°mcn\v, kzta[bmtbm _‘s∏´ hy‡nbpsS ]cmXnbnt∑tem aXnbmb

ImcW߃ tcJs∏SpØnsIm≠v t_m¿Uns‚ GsXmcp Xocpam\hpw DØchpw

hyXymks∏SpØpItbm d±m°pItbm sNømhp∂XmWv.

107. IogptZymKÿcpsS ]cmXnIƒ°p≈ ]cnlmcw˛ (1) kwÿm\ t]meokv

FÃmªnjvsa‚ v t_m¿Uv, t]meokv sU]yq´n kq{]≠ns‚ ]Zhnbnep≈ Hcp

DtZymKÿs\ Hmtcm t]meokv Pn√bnepw \ma\n¿t±iw sNtø≠Xpw A{]Imcw

\ma\n¿t±iw sNøs∏Sp∂ DtZyKÿ≥ BgvNbn¬ Hcp Znhkw t]meokv k_v

C≥kvs]IvSdpsSbpw AXn\pXmsg ]Zhnbnep≈ t]meokv DtZymKÿcpsSbpw ]cmXnIƒ

tIƒ°p∂Xnt\m kzoIcn°p∂Xnt\m th≠n \o°nhbvt°≠XpamWv.

(2) {]kvXpX DtZymKÿ≥ ]cmXn ]Tn°pIbpw ]cntim[n°pIbpw DNnXamb

]cnlmc \S]Sn kw_‘n® ip]m¿iIƒ Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhn°pw Pn√m t]meokv

ta[mhnbpsS A[nImc]cn[n°v ]pdØp≈ kwKXnbmsW¶n¬ Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhn

hgn kwÿm\ t]meokv FÃmªnjvsa‚ v t_m¿Un\pw \¬tI≠XmWv.

108. C≥jzd≥kv ]cnc£bpw, _ØIfpw, NnIn’mkuIcyßfpw ̨ (1) F√m t]meokv

DtZymKÿ¿°pw AhcpsS tPmen°nSbntem IrXy\n¿ΔlWwaqew D≠mb hntcm[w

ImcWambp≠mb B{IaWØntem, kw`hn°p∂ ]cn°v, AwK`wKw, acWw F∂nhbv°v

aXnbmb C≥jzd≥kv ]cnc£ k¿°m¿ \¬tI≠XmWv.

(2) ̀ oIc{]h¿Ø\w XSbp∂ bqWn‰pIƒ, t_mw_v \n¿Δocy kvIzmUpIƒ, Iamt‚m

{Kq∏pIƒ XpSßnbht]mep≈ henb A]ISkm≤yXbp≈sX∂v kwÿm\ t]meokv

ta[mhn \n›bn°p∂ {]tXyI hn`mKßfn¬ \nban®n´p≈ t]meokv DtZymKÿ¿°v

AhcpsS tPmenbn¬ Dƒs∏´ncn°p∂ A]ISkm≤yXIƒ°v B\p]mXnIambn {]tXyI

dnkvIv Aeh≥kv \¬tI≠XmWv.

(3) sa®s∏´ BtcmKyhpw imcocnI £aXbpw \ne\n¿Øp∂Xn\v klmbIamb

Hcp saUn°¬ C≥jzd≥kv ]cnc£ t]meokv DtZymKÿ¿°v G¿s∏SptØ≠XmWv.

(4) Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ\v HutZymKnI IrXy\n¿ΔlWØn\nSbn¬ D≠mb

A{IaØns‚ ^eamtbm I¿Øhy \n¿ΔlWwaqeap≈ hntcm[w ImcWw D≠mb

B{IaWØntem ]cnt°m AwK`wKtam D≠mIpIbmsW¶n¬ Abmƒ°v k¿°m¿

DNnXhpw ]cym]vXhpamb \jvS]cnlmcw \¬tI≠XmWv.

F∂m¬, Cu \jvS]cnlmcw Abmƒ°v N´ßƒ {]Imcw A¿lXbpff

sshZyklmbØn\pff sNehpIƒ°v ]pdtabpffXmbncnt°≠XmWv.

(5) Hcp t]meokptZymKÿ≥ (4) ̨ mw D]hIp∏n¬ {]kvXmhn®n´pff {]Imcw Xs‚

I¿Øhy \n¿ΔlWØn\nSbn¬ acn°pIbmsW¶n¬ AbmfpsS \nba{]Imcapff

AhIminIƒ°v k¿°m¿, A¿lambXpw ]cym]vXhpamb \jvS]cnlmcw \¬tI≠XmWv.

F∂m¬, Aßs\bpff \jvS]cnlmcw AbmfpsS IpSpw_Øn\v N´ßƒ {]Imcw

A¿lambn´pff km[mcW B\pIqey߃°v ]pdtabmbncnt°≠XmWv.

(6) I¿Øhy\n¿ΔlWØn\nSbn¬ ]cnt°¬°p∂ t]meokv DtZymKÿ\v k¿°m¿

Nnehn¬ aXnbmbXpw anI® \nehmcØnepffXpamb NnIn’bv°v A¿lX

D≠mbncn°p∂Xpw Abmsf ]cnt°‰ DSs\ ]cntim[n°p∂ tUmIvSdpsS ip]m¿i

A\pkcn®pff ÿm]\Øn¬ NnIn’n°mhp∂XpamWv.

109. t]meokv Atkmkntbj\pIƒ ˛ k¿°mcn\v, \n¿Æbn°s∏Sp∂

\nb{¥W߃°v hnt[bambn hyXykvX dm¶pIfnepw hn`mKßfnepapff t]meokv

DtZymKÿ¿°v At mkntbj\pIƒ cq]oIcn°m≥ A\paXn \¬Imhp∂XmWv.

110. t]meokv Iwπbn‚ vkv AtXmdn‰n˛ (1) k¿°m¿˛

(i) t]meokv kq{]≠ns‚bpw AXn\papIfnepff t]meokv DtZymKÿcptSbpw G√m

XcØnepff \S]Sn ZqjysØ∏‰nbpff ]cmXnIƒ;

(ii) IÃUnbnepff kv{XoIsf ssewKnIambn ]oUn∏n°¬ As√¶n¬ GsX¶nepw

BfpsS acWØn\v ImcWamI¬ As√¶n¬ GsX¶nepw Bsf KpcpXcambn

]cnt°ev]n°¬ As√¶n¬ _em¬kwKw F∂nh kw_‘n®v a‰p ]ZhnIfnepff

DtZymKÿ¿s°Xnscbpff KpcpXc kz`mhØnepff ]cmXnIƒ F∂nh

]cntim[n°p∂Xn\pw At\zjn°p∂Xn\pambn Hcp kwÿm\ t]meokv Iwπbn‚ vkv

AtXmdn‰n cq]oIcnt°≠XmWv.

(2) kwÿm\ AtXmdn‰nbn¬ C\n ]dbp∂ AwK߃ Dƒs∏Sp∂XmWv. AXmbXv̨

(i) sslt°mSXnbn¬ \n∂pw hncan® Hcp PUvPn, AtXmdn‰nbpsS

sNb¿t]gvkWmbncnt°≠XmWv.;

(ii) {]n≥kn∏¬ sk{I´dnbpsS ]Zhnbn¬ Xmsgb√mØ Hcp DtZymKÿ≥;

(iii) t]meokv AUojW¬ UbdIvS¿ P\dens‚ ]Zhnbn¬ Xmsgb√mØ Hcp

DtZymKÿ≥;

(iv) kwÿm\ a\pjymhImi IΩoj≥ sNb¿am≥ \¬Ip∂ t]meokv C≥kvs]IvS¿

P\dens‚ dm¶n¬ IpdbmØ ]Zhnbn¬ \n∂pw hncan® A\ptbmPycmb DtZymKÿcpsS

aq∂wK ]m\en¬ \n∂pw {]Xn]£ t\Xmhpambn BtemNn®v k¿°m¿ \n›bn°p∂ Hcp

hy‡n;

(v) kwÿm\sØ temImbp‡ \¬Ip∂ A\ptbmPycmb dn´tb¿Uv Pn√m

PUvPnamcpsS aq∂wK ]m\en¬ \n∂pw {]Xn]£ t\Xmhpambn BtemNn®v k¿°m¿

\n›bn°p∂ Hcp hy‡n;

(3) k¿°m¿, t]meokv sU]yq´n kq{]≠n‚bpw {]kvXpX ]Zhnhscbpapff t]meokv

DtZymKÿ¿s°Xnscbpff ]cmXnIƒ ]cntim[n°p∂Xn\pw At\zjn°p∂Xn\pambn

Pn√mXeØn¬ t]meokv Iwπbn‚ vkv AtXmdn‰n cq]oIcnt°≠XmWv.

(4) Pn√m AtXmdn‰nbn¬ C\n ]dbp∂ AwK߃ Dƒs∏Sp∂XmWv. AXmbXv˛

(i) hncan® Hcp Pn√m PUvPn sNb¿t]gvkWmbncnt°≠XmWv.

(ii) Pn√m IfIvS¿; IqSmsX

(iii) Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhn;

F∂m¬, Hcp Pn√m AtXmdn‰nbpsS sNb¿t]gvks\ H∂ne[nIw Pn√m

AtXmdn‰nIfpsS sNb¿t]gvkWmbn \nban°mhp∂XmWv.

(5) kwÿm\ AtXmdn‰nbpsSbpw Pn√m AtXmdn‰nbpsSbpw AwKßfpsS tkh\

thX\ hyhÿIfpw AtXmdn‰nIfpsS \S]Sn{Iaßfpw \n¿Æbn°s∏Sp∂ {]Imcw

Bbncnt°≠XmWv.

(6) k¿°m¿ AtXmdn‰nbpamtbm AtXmdn‰nIfpamtbm IqSnbmtemNn®v, AhbpsS

icnbmb {]h¿Ø\߃°v Bhiyamb F√m kuIcyßfpw \¬tI≠Xpw

G¿s∏SptØ≠XpamWv.

(7) kwÿm\ AtXmdn‰n°pw Pn√mXe AtXmdn‰nIƒ°pw, Ah At\zjWw

\SØptºmƒ, 1908 se knhn¬ \S]Sn \nbakwlnX (1908 se 5 ̨ mw tI{μ BIv‰v) {]Imcw

Hcp hyhlmcw hnNmcW \SØptºmƒ Hcp knhn¬ tImSXn°pff G√m A[nImcßfpw

C\n ]dbp∂ kwKXnIsf kw_‘n®v D≠mbncn°p∂XmWv. AXmbXv˛

(F) GsXmcp Bfnt\bpw ka¨ sNøp∂Xn\pw lmPcmIphm≥

\n¿_‘n°p∂Xn\pw kXy{]Xn⁄bnt∑¬ Abmsf hnkvXcn°p∂Xn\pw;

(_n) GsXmcp tcJbpw Is≠Øphm\pw lmPcm°phm\pw Bhiys∏Sp∂Xn\pw;

(kn) kXyhmMvaqeØnt∑¬ sXfnhv kzoIcn°p∂Xn\pw, IqSmsX

(Un) \n¿Æbn°s∏Smhp∂ at‰sX¶nepw Imcy߃°pw;

(8) Iwsπbn‚ vkv AtXmdn‰nIfpsS {]h¿Ø\Øn\v Bhiyamb tcJIƒ

lmPcm°¬, tcJIfpsS ]cntim[\, Bhiyamb Imcyßfn¬ hnZKv≤ klmbw

XpSßnbh Dd∏phcpØp∂Xn\v G√m k¿°m¿ DtZymKÿcpw km[yamb klmbw

sNtø≠XmWv.

(9) hIp∏pXe At\zjWw Bcw`n°pI, {Inan\¬ tIkv cPnÿ sNøpI F∂o

Imcy߃ kw_\v[n®v Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿs\Xnsc AtXmdn‰n \¬Ip∂ ip]m¿i

\S∏nem°m≥ _‘s∏´h¿ _m≤yÿcmbncn°p∂XmWv.

111. sXcs™Sp°s∏´ P\{]Xn\n[nIƒ°v ]cmXnIƒ \¬Imhp∂XmWv˛ {XnXe

]©mbØv {]knU‚pam¿, \Kck`m A≤y£≥am¿, \nbak`m AwK߃, ]m¿esa‚ v

AwK߃, tIm¿∏tdj≥ tab¿am¿ F∂o P\{]Xn\n[nIƒ°v AhcpsS {i≤bn¬s∏´tXm

Bsc¶nepw AhcpsS {i≤bn¬ sIm≠ph∂tXm Bb t]meokn\v FXncmb F√mØcw

]cmXnIfpw t]meokv Iwπbn‚ vkv AtXmdn‰n°v \¬Imhp∂Xpw DNnXamb At\zjWw

\SØnbtijw ̂ ew Iwπbn‚ v AtXmdn‰n P\{]Xn\n[nsb Adnbnt°≠XpamWv.

112. Iwπbn‚ vkv AtXmdn‰nIfpsS \S]Sn XzcnXs∏SptØ≠XmsW∂v̨ (1) t]meokv

Iwπbn‚ vkv AtXmdn‰n AhbpsS ]cnKW\bv°v hcp∂ ]cmXnIfnt∑¬ kXzcamb \S]Sn

kzoIcnt°≠XmWv.

(2) Iwπbn‚ vkv AtXmdn‰nbpsS ]cnKW\bv°v hcp∂ Imcyßfn¬ AtXmdn‰n°v

tbmKysa∂v t_m≤yapff kwKXnIfn¬ C\n∏dbp∂ Imcy߃ sNøphm≥ GXv

DtZymKÿt\mSpw Bhiys∏Smhp∂Xpw B DtZymKÿ≥ AXv \n¿Δlnt°≠XpamWv.

(F) Hcp km£nsb tNmZyw sNbvXv samgn tcJs∏SpØpI;

(_n) {]k‡amb tcJIƒ Is≠Øn ]cntim[n®v ]nSns®Sp°pI;

(kn) {]kvXpX DtZymKÿ\v A[nImctam Ignthm {]mhoWytam Dff ]cntim[\tbm

]co£Wtam \SØpI;

(Un) Hmtcm ]cmXnbptSbpw kmlNcyw ]cnKWn®v \ymbamb klmbw AtXmdn‰n°v

\¬IpI.

(3) Iwπbn‚ vkv AtXmdn‰n°v AXns‚ ]cnKW\bnepff ]cmXnbpsS apJyhnjbw

kw_‘n®v t]meokn¬ \n∂pw k¿°mcn¬ \n∂pw dnt∏m¿ v́ Bhiys∏Smhp∂XmWv.

(4) Iwπbn‚ vkv AtXmdn‰n \SØp∂ At\zjWhpambn _‘s∏´v t]meokv

DtZymKÿ\v sXfnhv lmPcm°p∂Xn\pw t\cn´v samgn \¬Ip∂Xn\pw DNnXhpw

{]mtbmKnIhpamb Ahkcßfn¬ km£nIsf FXn¿ hnkvXmcw \SØp∂Xn\pw Ahkcw

A\phZnt°≠XmWv.

A≤ymbw VIII

Ip‰ßfpw in£Ifpw

113. DØa hnizmkØn¬ sNbvX {]hrØnIƒ°v kwc£Ww˛ (1) Cu BIv‰v {]Imcw

HutZymKnI IyXr \n¿ΔlWØns‚ ̀ mKambn DØahnizmkØn¬ sNbvXtXm sNøphm≥

Dt±in®tXm Bb GsXmcp ImcysØ kw_‘n®pw k¿°mcnt\m GsXmcp t]meokv

DtZymKÿt\m Cu BIv‰v {]Imcw \nban°s∏´ As√¶n¬ A[nImcs∏SpØnb Hcp

]ªnIv sk¿sh‚nt\m FXncmbn bmsXmcp hyhlmctam t{]mknIyqjt\m As√¶n¬ a‰v

\nba\S]SnItfm \ne\n¬°p∂X√.

(2) bmsXmcp tImSXnbpw k¿°mcns‚ ap≥Iq´nbp≈ A\paXnbn√msX Hcp t]meokv

DtZymKÿs\Xnsc Btcm]n°s∏´Xpw Cu BIv‰n≥ Iognep≈Xpamb GsXmcp Ip‰Øn\pw

\S]SnsbSp°phm≥ ]mSp≈X√.

114. Hcp t]meokptZymKÿ≥ sNøp∂ IrXyhntem]w.˛ Hcp t]meokptZym

Kÿ\mbncns°, Bsc¶nepw,˛

(F) Cu BIv‰v {]Imcw t]meokv tk\bnse AwK߃°v _m[Iambn´p≈

GsX¶nepw \nbahyhÿtbm, \S]Sn{Iatam N´ßtfm dKptej\pItfm ewLn°pItbm

A\ph¿Øn°phm≥ Dt]£ ImWn°pItbm ; As√¶n¬

(_n) I¿ØhyØn¬ \n∂pw Hgn™pamdWsa∂ e£ytØmsS tcmKw \Sn®v

InS°pItbm tcmKtam ]cnt°m Ds≠∂v ̀ mhn°pItbm kzta[bm X\n°v tZtlm]{Zhw

G¬∏n°pItbm; As√¶n¬

(kn) at‰sX¶nepw coXnbn¬ Hcp t]meokptZymKÿ\v tNcp∂X√mØ coXnbn¬

{]h¿Øn°pItbm; As√¶n¬

(Un) ̀ ocpXzØn\v A]cm[nbmIpItbm;

sNbvXm¬, Ip‰ÿm]\Ønt∑¬ aq∂pamkw hscbmImhp∂ Hcp

Imebfhnte°p≈ XSthm ]ngtbm As√¶n¬ Ch c≠pw IqSntbm \¬In

in£n°s∏tS≠XmWv.

F∂m¬ Cu hIp∏p {]Imcw Ip‰Icsa∂v IcpXmhp∂ Hcp {]hrØnsb kw_‘n®v

a‰v {Inan\¬ \S]SnIƒ FSp°msX hIp∏pXe A®S° \S]Sn am{Xw FSpØm¬ aXnsb∂v

_‘s∏´ A®S° A[nImcn°v Xocpam\n°mhp∂XmWv.

1 15 . t]meokptZymKÿ≥ ssI°qen hmßp∂Xpw `o£Wns∏SpØn

A]lcn°p∂Xpw ˛ Hcp t]meokptZymKÿ≥, {]Xy£amtbm ]tcm£amtbm

`ojWnbneqsStbm {]tem`\ØneqsStbm AbmfpsS I¿Øhyhpambn _‘s∏´v

Fs¥¶nepw ssI°qentbm, A\[nIrXamb B\pIqeytam {]Xn̂ etam Bhiys∏SpItbm

kzoIcn°pItbm; As√¶n¬ AXn\mbn ]cn{ian°pItbm;

sNbvXm¬, Ip‰ÿm]\Øn≥ta¬, Ggph¿jwhscbmImhp∂ Hcp Imebfhnte°v

XSthm ]{¥≠v amksØ iºfØn¬ IhnbmØ ]ngtbm As√¶n¬ Ch c≠pw IqSntbm

\¬In in£n°s∏tS≠XmWv.

116. ieyap≠m°p∂ AdÃv, ]cntim[\, ]nSns®Sp°¬, A{Iaw F∂nh ˛ Hcp

t]meokptZymKÿ\mbncns° Bsc¶nepw˛

(F) \nbam\pkrXap≈ A[nImctam ImcWtam C√msX ieyap≠m°m≥ th≠n

GsX¶nepw sI´nSw, Dcp, IqSmcw As√¶n¬ ÿew Chbn¬ {]thin°pItbm

A\mhiyamb ]cntim[\ \SØpItbm AXn\v CSbm°pItbm; As√¶n¬

(_n) \nba hncp≤ambpw ieyap≠m°m≥ th≠nbpw \ymbamb ImcWw IqSmsXbpw

GsX¶nepw BfpsS hkvXp ]nSns®Sp°pItbm Hcmsf XS¶en¬ hbv°pItbm ]cntim[\

\SØpItbm AdÃv sNøpItbm; As√¶n¬

(kn) IÃUnbnep≈tXm Xs‚ I¿ØhyØn\nSbn¬ Xm≥ _‘s∏Sp∂tXm Bb

Hcmsf IcpXn°q´n ]oU\Ønt\m GsX¶nepw hn[Ønep≈ a\pjyXzclnXtam

\nbahncp≤tam Bb hy‡n]camb B{IaWØnt\m KpcpXcamb Zp¿hrØnt°m

hnt[bam°pItbm; As√¶n¬

(Un) IcpXn°q´nbpw AdnthmsSbpw Zpcpt±iy]cambpw, Hcp \nc]cm[nsb Hcp

{Inan\¬ Ip‰Øn¬ Dƒs∏SpØphm≥ th≠n Hcp hymP tÉvsa‚ v tcJs∏SpØpItbm,

hymPtcJ D≠m°pItbm, t]meokn\pta¬ B{IaWw \S∂p F∂v hymPamb Btcm]Ww

D∂bn°pItbm; As√¶n¬

(C) Hcp t]meokptZymKÿ≥ F∂ \nebn¬ Abmƒ XSbphm≥ _m≤yÿ\mb

Hcp Ip‰IrXyw sNøp∂Xn\v IcpXn°q´nbpw t\cn´pw klmbtam t{]cWtbm \¬IpItbm;

sNbvXm¬, Ip‰ÿm]\Øn≥ta¬, aq∂v h¿jw hscbmImhp∂ Hcp Imebfhnte°v

XSthm ]ngtbm As√¶n¬ Ch c≠pw IqSntbm \¬In in£n°s∏tS≠XmWv.

F∂m¬, Cu hIp∏nse bmsXm∂pw AtXImcyw X’abw {]m_eyØnep≈

at‰sX¶nepw \nbaØnse hyhÿIƒ {]Imchpw Ip‰amsW¶n¬, B Ip‰Øn\v B

\nba{]mIcap≈ in£ \¬In {]kvXpX t]meokptZymKÿs\ in£n°p∂Xn¬ \n∂pw

Hcp tImSXnsbbpw XSbp∂X√.

117. t]meokns‚ NpaXeIfn¬ CSs]Sp∂Xn\p≈ in£ ̨ Bsc¶nepw,˛

(F) t]meokv tk\bnse GsXmcwKsØbpw AbmfpsS tkh\ßsf XSbp∂Xnt\m

A®S°ewL\w \SØp∂Xnt\m t{]cn∏n°pItbm; As√¶n¬

(_n)t]meoknt‚Xmb GsX¶nepw NpaXetbm A[nImctam \nbahncp≤ambn

Gs‰Sp°pItbm ; As√¶n¬

(kn) \n¿t±mjambn hnt\mZ BhiyØns\mgnsI t]meokv DtZymKÿ\mbn

Bƒamdm´w \SØpItbm; As√¶n¬

(Un)Hcp At\zjWØntem bYmhn[nbmb t]meokns‚ IrXy\n¿ΔlWØntem

kmchØmb hnhcßfn¬ t]meokv At\zjWsØ hgnsX‰n°pI F∂ Dt±itØmsS

sX‰mb tÉvsa‚ v a\x]q¿Δw Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ\v \¬IpItbm; As√¶n¬

(C) Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿs\ GsX¶nepw IrXy\n¿ΔlWØn¬ \n∂pw

XSbWsa∂ {]Xy£amb Dt±itØmsS `o£Wns∏SpØpItbm XSbpItbm Itø‰w

sNøpItbm;

sNbvXm¬, Abmƒ Ip‰ÿm]\Øn≥ta¬ aq∂ph¿jw hscbmImhp∂ XSthm

]Xn\mbncw cq]bn¬ IhnbmØ ]ngtbm As√¶n¬ Ch c≠pw IqSntbm \¬In

in£n°s∏tS≠XmWv.

118. KpcpXcamb {Iakam[m\ ewL\tam A]mbtam D≠m°p∂Xn\p≈

in£.˛GsX¶nepw hy‡n,˛

(F) s]mXpÿeØv elcn°Snas∏´ \nebntem elfbp≠m°p∂h\mtbm, kzbw

Xs∂ {i≤n°m≥ Ai‡\mtbm ImWs∏SpItbm;

(_n) Adn™psIm≠v t]meokns\tbm ^b¿ k¿Δokns\tbm at‰sX¶nepw

Ahiyk¿Δokns\tbm hgnsX‰n°m≥ InwhZ¥n ]cØpItbm hymPambn A]ISkqN\

\¬IpItbm;

(kn) Adn™psIm≠pw a\x]q¿Δambpw s]mXpP\߃°nSbn¬ s]mXp

]cn{`m¥nbp≠m°phm\mbn Hcp Ahiy k¿Δokn\v tISv hcpØpItbm;

(Un) {]kvXmh\bmtem, A`n{]mb {]IS\Ømtem, sSet^m¨ hnfnbneqsStbm,

GsX¶nepw hn[Ønep≈ hnfnIfmtem, A\p[mh\w sNbvtXm, GsX¶nepw D]m[nbneqsS

ktμißtfm IØpItfm Abbv°pItbm sNbvXv GsX¶nepw Bfn\v Ak`yamb

coXnbn¬ AklyX D≠m°pItbm;

(C) Adn™psIm≠v s]mXpP\߃°v A]mbap≠m°p∂tXm s]mXpkpc£bn¬

hogvNbp≠m°p∂tXm Bb GsX¶nepw {]hrØn sNøpItbm;

(F^v) \nbam\pkrXw Aßs\ sNøm≥ A[nImcs∏SpØmsX kvt^mSI

hkvXp°tfm A]ISIcamb ]Zm¿∞ßtfm ISØns°m≠pt]mIpItbm;

(Pn) Hcp Kp≠tbm duUntbm Bbncns° 2007˛se tIcf kmaqly hncp≤

{]h¿Ø\߃ (XSb¬) BIv‰n¬ (2007˛se 34) \n¿ΔNn® {]Imcap≈ GsX¶nepw

kmaqlyhncp≤ {]h¿Ø\w kpkm≤yam°p∂Xn\mbn kao]{]tZiØv GsX¶nepw

Ip‰IrXyØn\v D]tbmKn°m≥ D]bp‡amb kma{KnIƒ ssIhiw h®psIm≠v

kwibmkv]Zamb kmlNcyßfn¬ Hcp s]mXpÿeØv ImWs∏SpItbm;

(F®v) 73˛mw hIp∏nse hyhÿIƒ ewLn°pItbm, AXn\v hncp≤ambn ImbnI

]cnioe\w \¬IpItbm, \SØpItbm;

(sF) ]Xns\´p hb n¬ Xmsgbp≈h¿°v elcn ]Zm¿∞ßtfm Ip´nIfpsS

imcocnIhpw am\knIhpamb BtcmKyØn\v lm\nIcamb hkvXp°tfm ]Zm¿∞ßtfm

\¬IpItbm hn¬°pItbm AXn\mbn kvIqƒ ]cnkcØv kw`cn°pItbm;

sNbvXm¬, Abmƒ Ip‰ÿm]\Ønt∑¬ aq∂ph¿jw hscbmImhp∂ XSthm ]Xn\mbncw

cq]bn¬ IhnbmØ ]ngtbm Ch c≠pw IqSntbm \¬In in£n°s∏tS≠XmWv.

119. kv{XoIƒs°Xnscbp≈ AXn{Ia߃°v in£.˛(1) GsX¶nepw hy‡n,˛

(F) s]mXpÿeßfn¬ kv{XoIfpsS A¥ v l\n°p∂ XcØnep≈ ssewKnI

tNjvSItfm {]hrØnItfm sNøpItbm;

(_n) GsXmcp ÿeØph®pw kv{XoIfpsS \ymbamb kzImcyXbv°v ̀ wKw hcpØp∂

coXnbn¬ t^mt´mtbm hoUntbmtbm FSp°pItbm {]Ncn∏n°pItbm;

sNøpIbmsW¶n¬ Abmsf Ip‰ÿm]\Øn≥ta¬ aq∂ph¿jw hscbmImhp∂

XSthm ]Xn\mbncw cq]bn¬ IhnbmØ ]ngtbm Ch c≠pw IqSntbm \¬In

in£n°s∏tS≠XmWv.

(2) _‘s∏´ tkh\ZmXmhnt\mtSm, s]mXpÿeØns‚ NpaXebp≈ hy‡ntbmtSm

AhcpsS km∂n≤yØn¬ (1)˛mw D]hIp∏v {]Imcap≈ Hcp Ip‰w \S∂psh∂v {]kvXpX

Ip‰Øn\ncbmb kv{Xo ]cmXns∏SpIbmsW¶n¬ Ah¿ X’abw Ip‰IrXyw XSbphmt\m

As√¶n¬ AXns\°pdn®v _‘s∏´ A[nImcnIsf Adnbn°phmt\m \ymbamb \S]Sn

kzoIcn°msX t_m[]q¿Δw hogvN hcpØp∂Xv Ip‰Icambncn°p∂Xpw, Aßs\bp≈

Ip‰Øn\v Ip‰ÿm]\Ønt∑¬ Bbncw cq] hsc ]ng CuSmt°≠XpamWv.

120. ieyw D≠m°¬, {Iakam[m\ ewL\w F∂nhbv°p≈ in£.˛GsXmcmfpw˛

(F) Hcp s]mXpÿeØv s]mXpP\߃°v AklyXtbm AkuIcytam

D≠m°ns°m≠v ^¿Wn®¿ km[\ßtfm hml\tam hrØnbm°pItbm GsX¶nepw

arKsØ Iim∏v sNøpItbm ihw hrØnbm°pItbm GsX¶nepw arKsØ

]cn]men°pItbm sNøp∂psh¶n¬;

(_n) s]mXpP\Øn\v XS tam, AkuIcytam, A]mbtam D≠m°p∂ coXnbn¬

GsX¶nepw hml\sØtbm KXmKX D]m[nsbtbm \nesIm≈m≥ ImcWamIp∂psh¶n¬;

(kn) Hcp {Sm^nIv Nn”sØtbm ssk≥ t_m¿Uns\tbm AXns‚ ZriyXsbtbm

]mcmbW£aXsbtbm Ipd®psIm≠v hnIrXam°pItbm adbv°pItbm sNøp∂psh¶n¬;

(Un) DSaÿs‚tbm kq£n∏pImcs‚tbm ap≥Iq¿ A\phmZan√msX `nØnIƒ,

sI´nS߬ As√¶n¬ a‰v \n¿ΩnXnIƒ F∂nhsb hnIrXam°p∂psh¶n¬;

(C) Pet{kmX pIfpsStbm PehnXcWsØtbm aen\am°pItbm s]mXp

ipNoIcW \S]SnIsf XS s∏SpØpItbm s]mXpÿe߃ hrØnlo\am°pItbm

\nbahncp≤ambn ]cnÿnXn°v kmcamb tISp≠m°pItbm sNøp∂psh¶n¬;

(F v̂) Hcp k¿°m¿ sI´nSØntem k¿°m¿ ̀ qanbntem AXn{Ian®pIS°p∂psh¶n¬;

(Pn) tamt´m¿ LSn∏n°mØ GsXmcp hml\hpw kqcymkvXabØn\v AcaWn°q¿

tijhpw kqtcymZbØn\v Hcp aWn°q¿ apºpw D≈ GsXmcp kabØpw Bhiyamb

shfn®an√msX HmSn®psImt≠m hen®psImt≠m X≈ns°mt≠m t]mhpIbmsW¶n¬;

(F®v) hyXnNe\Øn\v bYm¿∞amb Bhiytam X°Xmb ImcWtam C√msX

tamt´m¿ LSn∏n°mØ GsX¶nepw hml\w sXcphn¬ HmSnt®m hen®psImt≠m

X≈ns°mt≠m t]mIptºmƒ;

(i) at‰sX¶nepw hml\sØ adnIS∂p t]mIptºmƒ AXns‚ heXp ̀ mKØneqsSbpw;

(ii) at‰sX¶nepw hml\w FXnsc hcptºmƒ sXcphns‚ CSXphiw tN¿∂pw;

t]mImXncn°p∂psh¶n¬;

(sF) hml\Øns‚tbm hml\ßfpsStbm ap∂n¬ \n∂pw As√¶n¬ ]n∂n¬

\n∂pw A©v ASn Ihn™v X≈n\n¬°p∂ GsX¶nepw km[\w sh®n´p≈ hml\tam

hml\ßtfm sXcphneqsS ISØp∂psh¶n¬;

(sP) GsX¶nepw arKsØtbm hml\sØtbm HmSn°p∂Xntem

t\m°n\SØp∂Xntem {i≤n°p∂Xntem kw`hn® GsX¶nepw DZmko\X aqetam sX‰mb

D]tbmKw aqetam Fs¥¶nepw ]cnt°m tISp]mtSm D≠mIp∂psh¶n¬;

(sI) s]mXpÿeØv a‰p≈h¿°v ieyap≠m°p∂ hn[w t_m[]q¿Δw

aeaq{Xhnk¿÷\w sNøp∂psh¶n¬;

(F¬) Xs‚ IcpXentem \nb{¥WØntem D≈Xpw Acpabmbn hf¿Øp∂Xpamb

arKßsf X°Xmbn {i≤n°mXncn°pIbpw Ab¬hmknIƒt°m s]mXpP\߃t°m

AkuIcy߃ D≠m°p∂ hn[w Ahsb Ae£yambn hnSpIbpw sNøp∂psh¶n¬;

(Fw) DSaÿs‚ Adnhpw kΩXhpan√msX {]ISambn 14 hb n\v Xmsgbp≈

Ip´nIfn¬ \n∂pw B`cWw, hm®v, t]\, ssk°nƒ, ]m{Xw As√¶n¬ hne]nSn∏p≈ a‰v

km[\w hmßpItbm AØcw Bfn¬ \n∂pw Fs¥¶nepw km[\w ]WbØnt∑tem

CuSnt∑tem FSp°pItbm sNøp∂p F¶n¬;

(F≥) th≠{X ap≥IcpXen√msXbpw s]mXp kpc£ IW°nseSp°msXbpw

Abmƒ°v \nb{¥Wap≈ ÿetØm ]cnkctØm A]ISIcamb Fs¥¶nepw {]hrØn

sNøpItbm sNøm≥ A\phZn°pItbm sNøp∂psh¶n¬;

(H) GsX¶nepw XcØnep≈ hn\natbm]m[nbneqsS Bh¿Øn®p≈tXm

A\`naXambtXm A⁄mXambtXm Bb hnfn, IØv, FgpØv, ktμiw, C˛sabn¬ F∂nh

hgntbm ZqX≥ hgntbm kzbw GsX¶nepw Hcmfn\v ieyambn Xocp∂psh¶n¬;

(]n) GsX¶nepw s]mXpÿeØv s]mXphmbtXm kzImcyambtXm Bb GsX¶nepw

tkh\w {Ia{]Imcw sImSp°phmt\m kzoIcn°phmt\m D]tbmKn°phmt\m th≠n

cq]oIcn® GsX¶nepw Iyp sX‰n°p∂psh¶n¬;

(Iyp) am\\jvSap≠m°p∂tXm `ojWns∏SpØp∂tXm Bb GsX¶nepw tcJ

cNbnXmhns‚ Xncn®dnb¬ ad®ph®v FhnsSsb¶nepw H´n®phbv°pItbm ]Xn°pItbm

sNøp∂psh¶n¬;

Ip‰ÿm]\Ønt∑¬ Hcp h¿jwhscbmImhp∂ XSthm 5,000 cq]hscbmImhp∂

]ngtbm Ch c≠pw IqSntbm \¬In in£n°s∏tS≠XmWv.

121. {]tXyIw hyhÿbn√mØ Ip‰ßƒ°p≈ in£:-˛(1) Cu BIv‰nsetbm

AXn≥Iognep≠m°nb GsX¶nepw N´ßfnsetbm DØchnsetbm hyhÿIƒ

ewLn®psIm≠v GsX¶nepw IrXytam IrXyhntem]tam sNøp∂ GsXmcmfpw

Ip‰ÿm]\Ønt∑¬ AtX Ip‰Øn\v Cu BIv‰n¬ a‰v in£ \n¿Æbn°s∏´n´ns√¶n¬

6 amkØn¬ IhnbmØ XSthm 2,000 cq]hscbmImhp∂ ]ngtbm Ch c≠pwIqSntbm

\¬In in£n°s∏tS≠XmWv.

(2) Ip‰w H∂n¬ IqSpX¬ hy‡nIƒ sNbvXXmsW¶n¬ AhcntemtcmcpØcpw

shtΔsd in£n°s∏tS≠XmWv.

122. Iº\nIƒ sNøp∂ Ip‰ßƒ; ̨ (1) Cu BIv‰n≥Iognep≈ Hcp Ip‰w Hcp Iº\n

sNøp∂]£w Ip‰w sNbvX kabØv Iº\nbpsS NpaXe hln®tXm Iº\nbpsS

ImcyßfpsS \SØn∏n\v DØchmZnXzw D≠mbncp∂tXm Bb Hmtcm hy‡nbpw Iº\nbpw

Ip‰Øn\v DØchmZnbmbn IcpXs∏tS≠Xpw AXn\\pkrXambn \S]SnIƒ°v

hnt[bcmtI≠Xpw in£n°s∏tS≠XpamWv.

(2) (1)˛mw D]hIp∏n¬ F¥pXs∂ ASßnbncp∂mepw, Cu BIv‰n\v Iognep≈

Hcp Ip‰w Hcp Iº\n sNøpIbpw Iº\nbpsS GsX¶nepw UbdIvSdpsStbm

amt\PcpsStbm sk{I´d nbpsStbm at‰sX¶ne p w DtZ y mKÿs‚tbm

kΩXtØmsStbm au\m\phmZtØmsStbm BWv B Ip‰w \S∂sX∂v

sXfnbpIbpw sNøp∂]£w Iº\nbpsS Aßs\bp≈ UbdIvStdm amt\Ptcm

sk{I´dntbm at‰sX¶nepw DtZymKÿt\m IqSn B Ip‰Øn\v DØchmZnbmbn

IcpXs∏tS≠Xpw AXn\\pkcn®v Abmƒs°Xnsc \S]SnsbSpt°≠Xpw Abmƒ

in£n°s∏tS≠XpamWv.

hniZoIcWw.˛(1) Cu hIp∏ns‚ Bhiy߃°mbn,˛

(F) “Iº\n” F∂m¬ Hcp GImwKoIrX \nImbtam F∂¿∞am°p∂Xpw AXn¬

Hcp t^tam a‰v kwLS\Itfm hy‡nItfm Dƒs∏Sp∂XpamWv;

(_n) Hcp t^ans\ kw_‘n®nStØmfw “UbdIvS¿” F∂m¬ B t^anse Hcp

]¶mfn F∂¿∞amIp∂XpamWv.

123. a‰p \nba߃ {]Imcap≈ t{]mknIyqjs\ _m[n°p∂Xs√∂v.˛ Cu BIv‰n¬

ASßnbncn°p∂ bmsXm∂pw at‰sX¶nepw \nbaØn≥Iognepw Cu BIv‰v {]Imchpw

in£m¿lamb GsX¶nepw {]hrØn sNbvX GsXmcmsfbpw Cu BIv‰v {]Imcw

FSp°s∏Sp∂ \S]SnIƒ IqSmsX AØcw a‰p \nba{]Imcw IqSn t{]mknIyq´v

sNøs∏Sp∂Xnt\tbm As√¶n¬ at‰sX¶nepw \nbaØn≥Iogn¬ \n›bn°s∏´

]ngbvt°m in£bvt°m _m≤yÿ\mIp∂Xns\tbm XSbp∂Xmbn hymJym\n°s∏Sphm≥

]mSp≈X√.

124. \S]Sn{IaØnse {Iat°Sv kmcap≈Xs√∂v.̨ \S]Sn{IaØnsetbm coXnbnsetbm

GsX¶nepw {Iat°Sns‚tbm ]niIns‚tbm ImcWØm¬ am{Xw, AØcw ]niIv

As√¶n¬ {Iat°Spaqew kmcamb tZmjtam `wKtam kw`hn°mØ]£w, Cu BIv‰v

{]Imctam Cu BIv‰n≥Iognep≠m°nb GsX¶nepw N´{]Imctam As√¶n¬ AhtbmSv

ASnÿm\]cambn s]mcpØs∏´v ]pds∏Sphn°s∏´tXm {]kn≤oIcn°s∏´tXm Bb

GsX¶nepw N´w, DØchv, \n¿t±iw, \ymb\n¿Æbw, At\zjWw, hnNmcW, hn⁄m]\w,

ssIs°m≠ \S]Sn F∂nh \nbam\pkrXas√t∂m \ne\n¬°p∂Xs√t∂m

Akm[psht∂m A]q¿Æsat∂m IcpXphm≥ ]mSp≈X√.

125. tImss·k_nƒ Ip‰ßfpw Pmayw In´mhp∂ Ip‰ßfpw.˛(1) Cu BIvSnse 116, 117,

118, 119 F∂o hIp∏pIƒ {]Imcap≈ Ip‰ßƒ tImss·k_nfpw Pmayw In´mhp∂Xpamb

Ip‰ßƒ Bbncn°p∂Xpw 115˛mw hIp∏n≥ Iognep≈ Hcp Ip‰w tImss·k_nfpw Pmayw

e`n°mØ Hcp Ip‰hpambncn°p∂XmWv.

(2) ta¬∏d™ (1)˛mw D]hIp∏nse hyhÿIfn¬ F¥pXs∂ ASßnbncp∂mepw,

Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ\v Hcmsf;

(F) AbmfpsS AdÃv GsX¶nepw Ip‰IrXyw XSbp∂Xnt\m XpScmXncn°p∂Xnt\m

Bhiyaps≠¶ntem; As√¶n¬

(_n) Aßs\bp≈ Bfns\ ]n∂oSv I≠pIn´m≥ km≤yXbn√msb∂v {]Xy£Øn¬

hy‡amsW¶ntem; As√¶n¬

(kn) B Bƒ kzbw As√¶n¬ as‰mcmƒ°v ]cnt°¬∏n°phm≥

km≤yXbps≠¶ntem; As√¶n¬

(Un) AdÃv Bhiyambncn°p∂ {]tXyIambXpw ASnb¥nchpamb kmlNcy߃

\ne\n¬°p∂ps≠¶ntem; am{Xta AdÃv sNøm≥ A[nImcap≠mbncn°pIbp≈q.

(3) Cu BIv‰v {]Imcap≈ as‰√m Ip‰ßfpw t\m¨˛tImss·k_nfpw Pmayw

e`n°p∂hbpambncn°p∂XmWv:

F∂m¬, ÿeØv lmPcp≈ Hcp t]meokv DtZymKÿ\v Xs‚ km∂n≤yØn¬ Hcp

Ip‰w XpScp∂Xv XSbphm\mbn Hcp Bfns\ Xm¬°menIambn am‰n\n¿Ømhp∂XmWv.

126. Ip‰ßƒ cmPnbm°¬.˛(1) Cu BIv‰v {]Imcap≈ F√m tImss·k_nƒ A√mØ

Ip‰ßfpw Ip‰mtcm]nXs‚ At]£bnt∑¬ tÃj≥ lukv Hm^ok¿°v

cmPnbm°mhp∂XmWv.

(2) Pn√m t]meokv ta[mhn°v 117, 118, 119 (2) F∂o hIp∏pIƒ {]Imcap≈ Ip‰ßƒ,

B kwKXn tImSXn apºmsI t{]mknIyq v́ sNøs∏Sm≥ X° Kuchap≈Xs√∂v At±lw

IcpXp∂]£w, Ip‰mtcm]nX≥ \¬Inb GsX¶nepw At]£bnt∑¬

cmPnbm°mhp∂XmWv;

F∂m¬, tImSXn, t]meokv Ip‰]{Xw ka¿∏n®Xn\ptijw \S]Sn XpSßnb

hnjbØn¬ Aßs\bp≈ GsXmcp cmPnbm°epw ]mSn√mØXpw AØcw kμ¿`ßfn¬

Aßs\bp≈ tImSXn apºmsI {]kvXpX Ip‰ßƒ cmPnbm°mhp∂hbpamWv.

(3) Hmtcm C\w Ip‰IrXyhpw cmPnbm°ptºmƒ CuSmt°≠p∂ tImºu≠nwKv ̂ okv

k¿°m¿ \n¿Æbn°p∂ {]Imcw Bbncnt°≠Xpw kwÿm\ t]meokv ta[mhn

hn⁄m]\w ]pds∏Sphn°p∂ {]Imcw tImºu≠nwKv ̂ okv _‘s∏´ tÃj≥ lukv

Hm^ok¿ CuSmt°≠XpamWv.

(4) cmPnbm°¬ Hcp Ip‰ÿm]\ambn IW°m°m≥ ]mSn√mØXpw, F∂m¬;

GsX¶nepw \S]Sn{Iaßfn¬ ]q¿ΔIme \S∏v {]k‡ambn hcp∂nSØv ]q¿ΔIme \S∏v

sXfnbn°p∂Xn\mbn D]tbmKn°mhp∂XpamWv.

127. {Inan\¬ PÃnkv ankte\nbkv FIvkvs]≥kkv ̂ ≠v.˛(1) kwÿm\ t]meokv

ta[mhn°v tI{μoIrXambn \SØnt∏mcp∂Xpw ̀ cW\n¿ΔlWw \SØp∂Xpamb {Inan\¬

PÃnkv ankte\nbkv FIvkvs]≥kkv ̂ ≠v F∂ t]cn¬ Hcp ̂ ≠v D≠mbncnt°≠Xpw

AXn¬ \n∂pw C\n∏dbp∂ sNehpIƒ hln°mhp∂XpamWv, AXmbXv.˛

(F) NnIn’msNehv Dƒs∏sS IÃUnbnep≈hcpsS sNehpIƒ;

(_n) t]meokv DtZymKÿ\v D≠mbn´p≈ sNehpItfm t]meokv DtZymKÿ¿°v

sImSpØn´p≈ _ØItfm A√msX, {Inan\¬ Ip‰ßfpsS At\zjWw kw_‘n®v

km£nIfpsS _ØItfm sNehpIƒ Xncn®psImSp°tem Dƒs∏sS D≠mbn´p≈

sNehpIƒ;

(kn) IÃUnbn¬ kq£n®n´p≈ hkvXp°fpsS ]cn]me\hpw kq£n∏pambn

_‘s∏´ sNehpIƒ;

(Un) arXicoc߃ \o°w sNøp∂Xpambpw, ]cnt°‰h¿, A]IS߃°pw

Zpc¥ßƒ°pw Ccbmbh¿ F∂nh¿°v ASnb¥c klmbw \¬Ip∂Xpambpw _‘s∏´

{]h¿Ø\߃°v sNehmb XpIIƒ.

(2) ̂ ≠ns‚ ̀ cW\n¿ΔlWw k¿°m¿ ]pds∏Sphn°p∂ DØchpIƒ°\pkrXambn

cnt°≠XmWv.

(3) Cu BIv‰v {]Imcap≈ Ip‰ßƒ cmPnbmIptºmƒ t]meokv CuSm°n tiJcn®

apgph≥ tImºu≠nwKv ̂ okpw AhIminIfn√mØ hkvXp°fpsSbpw \in®pt]mIp∂

hkvXp°fpsSbpw hn¬∏\bneqsS CuSm°nb F√m XpIIfpw ^≠nte°v

ASbvt°≠XmWv.

(4) sNehpIƒ°mbn ^≠n¬ th≠{X XpIbps≠∂v Dd∏phcpØp∂Xn\mbn

ImemImeßfn¬ k¿°mcn\v ̂ ≠nte°v XpI hIbncpØmhp∂XmWv.

128. \n¿t±i߃ \¬Ip∂Xn\v k¿°mcn\p≈ A[nImcw.˛(1) Cu BIv‰nse

ap≥]d™ hyhÿIfn¬ F¥pXs∂ ASßnbncp∂mepw, k¿°mcn\v kwÿm\ t]meokv

ta[mhn°v Cu BIv‰v {]Imcap≈ \S]SnIƒ°mbn \nba]camb \n¿t±i߃

\¬Imhp∂XmWv.

129. N´ßƒ D≠m°p∂Xn\p≈ A[nImcw.˛(1) k¿°mcn\v, Cu BIv‰ns‚

Bhiy߃ \S∏nem°p∂Xnte°mbn, Kk‰v hn⁄m]\w hgn, ap≥Ime

{]m_eytØmsSmtbm ]n¬°me {]m_eytØmsStbm N´ßƒ D≠m°mhp∂XmWv.

(2) Aßs\bp≈ N´ßƒ {]tXyIn®pw ap≥]d™ A[nImcßfpsS kmam\yXbv°v

`wKwhcmsX C\n ]dbp∂ F√mtam GsX¶neptam Imcy߃°mbn hyhÿ

sNømhp∂XmWv, AXmbXv:˛

(F) Cu BIv‰v {]Imcw \n¿Æbn°m≥ hy‡ambn Bhiys∏´tXm A\phZn®tXm

Bb F√m kwKXnIfpw, IqSmsX

(_n) \n¿Æbnt°≠tXm \n¿Æbn°mhp∂tXm Bb as‰√m kwKXnIfpw.

(3) Cu BIv‰v {]Imcw D≠m°p∂ GsXmcp N´hpw AXp≠m°nbXn\ptijw,

Ignbp∂{XthKw, \nbak` ktΩf\Ønembncn°ptºmƒ k` apºmsI Hcp

ktΩf\Øntem XpS¿®bmb c≠v ktΩf\ßfntem hcmhp∂ BsI ]Xn\mev

Znhk°metØ°v hbvt°≠Xpw, A{]Imcw AXv GXp ktΩf\Øn¬ hbv°p∂pthm

B ktΩf\tam sXm´SpØphcp∂ ktΩf\tam Ahkm\n°p∂Xn\p ap≥]v \nbak`

{]kvXpX N´ßfn¬ Fs¥¶nepw cq]t`Zs∏Spج hcpØpItbm, B N´w

D≠mt°≠Xns√∂v Xocpam\n°pItbm sNøp∂]£w B N´Øn\v AXn\ptijw,

AXXpkwKXnt]mse, A{]Imcw cq]t`Zs∏SpØnb cq]Øn¬am{Xw {]m_eyw

D≠mbncn°pItbm, As√¶n¬ bmsXmcp {]m_eyhpan√mXncn°pItbm sNøp∂XpamIp∂p.

F∂ncp∂mepw, A{]Imcap≈ GsX¶nepw cq]t`Zs∏SpØtem d±m°tem B N´{]Imcw

ap≥]v sNbvXn´p≈ GsX¶nepw kwKXnbpsS km[pXbv°v `wKw hcmØ

hn[Ønembncnt°≠XmWv.

130. sshjay߃ \o°w sNøp∂Xn\p≈ A[nImcw.˛(1) Cu BIv‰nse hyhÿIƒ

\S∏nem°p∂Xn¬ Fs¥¶nepw sshjayw D≠mIp∂]£w k¿°mcn\v, sshjay߃

\o°w sNøp∂Xn\v Cu BIv‰nse hyhÿIƒ°v hncp≤a√mØXpw Bhiysa∂v

k¿°mcn\v tXm∂p∂Xpamb GsXmcp Imcyhpw DØchpaqew sNømhp∂XmWv.

F∂m¬, Cu BIv‰ v {]m_eyØn¬ h∂ XobXn apX¬ c≠ph¿jw

Ign™Xn\ptijw Aßs\bp≈ bmsXmcp DØchpw ]pds∏Sphn°m≥ ]mSp≈X√.

(2) (1)˛mw D]hIp∏n≥Iogn¬ D≠m°nb F√m DØchpIfpw, AXv

]pds∏Sphn®tijw, F{XbpwthKw, \nbak` apºmsI hbvt°≠XmWv.

131. d±m°epw Hgnhm°epw.˛(1) 1960˛se tIcfm t]meokv BI‰v (1961˛se 5) CXn\m¬

d±m°nbncn°p∂p.

(2) Aßs\ d±m°nbncp∂m¬ Xs∂bpw Aßs\ d±m°nb BIv‰n≥ Iogn¬ sNbvX

GsX¶nepw Imcytam FSpØ GsX¶nepw \S]Sntbm Bcw`n®n´p≈ Fs¥¶nepw

\S]Sn{Iatam Cu BIv‰nse {Iam\pKXamb hyhÿIƒ°v Iogn¬ sNbvXXmtbm

FSpØXmtbm Bcw`n®Xmtbm IcpXs∏tS≠XmWv:

F∂m¬, d±m°s∏´ BIv‰v {]Imcw ]pds∏Sphn®tXm D≠m°ntbm Bb GsX¶nepw

hn⁄m]\ßtfm, DØcthm, N´tam, ss_emtbm Cu BIv‰nse hyhÿIƒ°v

hncp≤amImØnStØmfw Ah {]m_eyØn¬ XpScp∂Xpw AXv Cu BIv‰n≥ Iogn¬

]pds∏Sphn®tXm D≠m°nbtXm Bb GsX¶nepw hn⁄m]\tam DØcthm, N´tam,

ss_emtbm {]Imcw AXnewLn°s∏SmØ]£w, Ah Cu BIv‰nse hyhÿIƒ {]Imcw

]pds∏Sphn®tXm D≠m°nbtXm Bbn IcpXs∏tS≠XmWv.