20111116_335192667_9.kouakouprésentation ppt liège 15 octobre 2011

8/12/2019 20111116_335192667_9.Kouakouprsentation Ppt Lige 15 Octobre 2011

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Improvement strategies of Guinea pig(Cavia porcellus) breeding

in Ivory Coast

Ir NGoran David Vincent KOUAKOU

Lige, 15 October 2011

Amphi B, Facult de Mdecine Vtrinaire, Universit deLige, Boulevard de Colonster 20, 4000 Lige, Belgium

Symposium VET 2011

Veterinary Medicine in the tropics


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CONTENT

Context

Objectives

Methodology

Results An example of extension

Conclusion


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Originates from the Andes

1000 years ago by the Incas

In Africa between the XVIIIth andXIXth century

Extension in 1980

Africa (Cameroon, Ghana, Nigeria,Sierra Leone, Togo, DemocraticRepublic of Congo, Benin, BurkinaFaso, Guinea, Mali, Senegal,Tanzania, Gabon and Ivory Coast)(Avit et al., 1999; Fransolet et al.,1994 ; Hardouin & Thys, 1997;Zaldivar, 1997b)

Context


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Location of Ivory Coast

Context

First producer of cacaoin the world with 40%


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Context

Socio-political crisis (2002-2011)

Slower economic growth

Increase in the poverty rate (33 to 49%)

HIPC since March 2009

At the national level:

12.6% of rural households (1,269,549 people) infood insecurity

Including 2.5% (232,602 people) in severe foodinsecurity


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Context

Ivory Coast dependent on import for animalprotein

Remedial solutions already implemented:poultry, sheeps, pigs, rabbits and cane rats

No Guinea pig breeding project


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Nutritional interest

Nutritional value of its meat is higher than that ofmeat from goats, poultry, pigs, cattle and sheep

20 females and two males is sufficient to cover theprotein needs of a family of six people (CTA, 1993)


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Socio-economic interest

Substantial contribution of income for many families[education, purchase of clothes, savings for children(Nuah, 2006; Pourtoy, 2008)]

Easy integration in agricultural systems:consumption of weed and use of faeces andrefused material as ferti lizer


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Location of study:

Survey:

Cross-sectional and retrospectiveOne pass

Target population: farmers and

consumers

Sampling:Non-probability

Snowball (Rubin & Babbie, 1998).

Methodology

Objectives

Provide a better understand of

Guinea pig farming

Propose an incentive strategy to

practice this breeding


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38%

34%

28%

Child (7 to 13 years)

Adolescent (14 to 17 years)

Adult (old 18 years)

268 guinea pig breeders:

ResultsPresentation of the current situation

Socio-economic characteristics of farmers and consumers

202 consumers: majority were men (87.8%)

Their presence is less common in residential areas (14.3%) compared

to other areas (19 to 40%).


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During the survey, 2416 guinea pigs

were counted, including 889 males.

The average per farm was 9.0 7.4.

ResultsLivestock and infrastructure


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The food distribution happens two to three times a day, without supply of

drinking water.

Results

Food for Guinea pigs

Panicum maximum

Guinea grass

Ipomoea batatas

Leaf and stem of sweet potato

Pennisetum purpuruem

Elephant grass

Euphorbia heterophylla

"Milk" grass
http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Panicum_maximum.jp


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Risk of inbreeding and high mortality ratesSex-ratio of the begetters observed: 1/2

Average litter size per female: 2

Results

Reproductive management

Hygiene

Hygiene follow up in farms non-existentHarm predators: cats, dogs, snakes, thieves and red

ants


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Marketing takes place on the farm due to lack of selling points

Dealers in the markets of Yamoussoukro and San Pedro

- 0.4 to 1.5 Euros for a male

- 0.4 to 3.8 Euros for a female

Results

Marketing and consumption

The consumption of Guinea pig meat is very common

althrough there are rare instances of prejudice.

Guinea pig meat is tender and has a taste similar to that of

white meat (chicken and rabbit) and rodent such as the

Gambian rat, squirrel and grasscutter


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ResultsIncentive strategies in the practice

of Guinea pig breeding

Sufficient Practicein Guinea pig

breeding

Sensibilisation

campaign

Improving thebreeding system

and genetic

improvement

Better marketing

strategy

Means

End


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Results

Sensibilisation

campaign

High consumption of

Guinea pigs

Abandonment of

prejudice

Better knowledge of the

animal

Mitigation of irrational

thinking associated withGuinea pigs

More information

available

Means

End


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Results

Means

End Improving the breeding system andgenetic improvement

Higher productivity of Guinea pigs

Balanced dietLow

mortality

Inbreeding

reduced

Breeds

more

productive

Suitable

infrastructure

Food

available

during the

dry season

Distribution

of quality

food

Developed

research

Control of

reproductive

technique

Diseases

treated

Absence of

predators


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Results

Quick marketing of Guineapigs

Creation of a chain Motivation for new farmers

Increased number of sellingpoints

Increased purchase price ofthe animal

Increased demandFarmers organisations

Means

End

Better marketingstrategy


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School

restaurants

Results

Recommendation

Scientists

Household

breeding

Heads of

households

Breeders

Students

Teachers

Cooperative

education

People involved


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Conclusion

In Ivory Coast, farms often suffer from a lack offollow up and technical expertise

Strategies involving upward education couldparticipate in the sustainable extension of this

farming practice. This through school activities

educating the children and influencing their parents,

and by doing so, enabling vulnerable people to

reduce their food deficit a bit.


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THANK YOUFOR YOUR

ATTENTION

Djibri l Bassol, young breeder of

Guinea pigs in Kpangbassoudistr ict of Yamoussoukro, Cte

dIvoire

20111116_335192667_9.kouakouprésentation ppt liège 15 octobre 2011

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