2011 01 27 - clinical loinc tutorial - panels forms patient assessments
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TRANSCRIPT
Daniel J. Vreeman, PT, DPT, MSc Assistant Research Professor, Regenstrief Institute, Inc.
Associate Director of Terminology Services, Indiana University School of Medicine
Clinical LOINC Meeting | 01/27/2011 Copyright © 2011
Panels, Forms, and Patient Assessments
Overview Background
Standard Panels in LOINC Patient Assessment Model
Current Projects Lessons Learned
Introduction
Assessments are widely used…
…and not unlike other clinical observations
LOINC could be a
master question file and
uniform representation
AMIA 2010 Paper
Upcoming paper in Int J Funct Inform Personal Med
Iterative Refinement Started almost 10 years ago Gradually expanded the base panel model Informing ideas: – Survey instruments have psychometric properties
– Question meaning tightly coupled with answers
Many collaborators – esp Tom White, Susan Bakken
– CHI Functioning and Disability workgroup – ASPE, AHIMA, CMS, RTI, HL7, HITSP
Consolidated Health Informatics
LOINC Model for Patient Assessments
Hierarchy of a Panel in LOINC
Assessment Items Question Text Question Source
External Copyright Terms of Use
Description/Definition
Units of Measure (UCUM)
HL7 Data Types (v2, v3)
Structured Answer Lists Answer List Attributes – OID – External Link
Answer Item Attributes – ID (contains “LA” prefix)
– String – Sequence
– Local code – Score
Attributes of Items in a Panel Instance
Display name override Coding instructions Cardinality
Local code on that form Skip logic Data type in form
Answer sequence override Consistency/validation checks Relevance equation
Panels/Forms Available as Separate Download
Currently in LOINC US Government Forms
– CARE, MDSv2, MDSv3, OASIS B1, OASIS C, RFC – US Surgeon General’s Family Health Portrait
Brief Interview for Mental Status (BIMS)
Confusion Assessment Method (CAM)
Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)
HIV Signs and Symptoms Checklist
Home Health Care Classification howRU
Living with HIV (LIV-HIV)
Morse Fall Scale
OMAHA
PHQ (9 and 2) Quality Audit Marker (QAM)
Find them in RELMA
Latest Additions…
Opportunities
CDC APA
APTA
Many more…
Lessons
and
Recommendations
LOINC
TIMP
GDS PHQ
Advantages of the Master Catalog
Advantages of the Master Catalog
Lesson 1 Variation Abounds
Variation Abounds
Despite similarity items, much variation…
…many differences might have been avoided
Original PHQ-9
CARE
MDSv3
MDSv3
MDSv2
OASIS
CARE
• Frequency with which resident complains or shows evidence of pain (in last 7 days)?
• No pain, Pain less than daily, Pain daily MDSv2
• How much of the time have you experienced pain or hurting over the last 5 days?
• Almost constantly, Frequently, Occasionally, Rarely, Unable to answer
MDSv3
• Have you had pain or hurting at any time during the last 2 days? • Yes, no, unable to respond CARE
• Frequency of Pain Interfering with patient's activity or movement • Patient has no pain or pain does not interfere with activity or
movement, Less often than daily, Daily but not constantly, All of the time
OASIS-B1
• Frequency of Pain Interfering with patient's activity or movement • Patient has no pain, Patient has pain that does not interfere with
activity or movement, Less often than daily, Daily but not constantly, All of the time
OASIS-C
Weigh the cost of losing comparability before inventing something new
Lesson 2 Starting from a uniform data model may bring clarity
We usually started from paper forms…
…but some had custom programs and databases
!
Discrepancies and Incongruences How do you store “Other specified ____________” Which text is the question and which is help Storing “unknown” or “unable to determine” as answers versus flavors of null Every “check all that apply” stored as a separate yes/no binary value item
Many Yes/No Diseases
Starting with the LOINC model may help elucidate hidden challenges
Lesson 3 IP issues present large challenges
Funders should require developers to avoid restrictive licenses
Conclusion LOINC has a uniform model with a (rapidly) growing “master question file” that enables interoperable exchange of assessment data
Acknowledgements Clinical LOINC Committee Kathy Mercer, Jo Anna Hernandez, Jaci Phillips Regenstrief Software Engineers
Michelle Dougherty, Barbara Gage, Jennie Harvell, Tom White
Funding Support NLM: HHSN2762008000006C
AHIMA Foundation: FORE-ASPE-2007-5
RTI International: 0-312-0209853