2,000 b.c. mesopotamia, the new world, and egyptian
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Ancient Art. 2,000 B.C. Mesopotamia, The New World, and Egyptian. The Architects. The first urban planners. Mastered irrigation and flood control. The land between the rivers/ Euphrates and Tigris. The birth place of formal religion, writing, math, law ,and to a large extent, architecture. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
2,000 B.C.
Mesopotamia, The New World, and Egyptian
The land between the rivers/ Euphrates and Tigris
The birth place of formal religion, writing, math,
law ,and to a large extent,
architecture.
Melting pot, mixture of traditions and religions.
Man made mountains/ ziggurats (tower of Babel)
The wheel
Written language/ cuneiform
First legal codes
Ur the home of Abraham
Ziggurats( stair to heaven)/ to build on a raised area. The gods were believed to live in a temple on the top. Only the
chief priests were allow in the temple to care for the god’s needs. Ziggurats were built of sun baked bricks and had a
pyramidal shape
•Every organized religion has traces to Babylon
•Nimrod built a city and established a common religion /descendent of Ham
•Tower of Babel
•Hammurapi gathered laws into a unified code
king of Babylon
Code of Hammurapi set up a
social order based on the rights
of the individual
Eye for an eye and tooth for a
tooth
The strong shall not injure the
weak
The stone slab on which the code
was carved was discovered in Susa,
Iran in l901. A relief carved above
the code shows Hammurapi before
Shamash, the sun god, being
commanded to establish just laws.
He abolished the worship of other
gods.
Writing
Invention of zero ( meant completeness)
Blood letting and perhaps human sacrifice
Hierarchical city-state unions
Mesoamerican calendar
Mesoamerican ball game played with rubber balls. The object was to get the ball in a stone basket using knees, elbows, hips, or heads. It was so difficult to achieve the goal that the game was over when a goal was made.
•System of writing
•Genius for mathematics/astronomy
•Refined form of architecture
•Located/ Mexico and Central America
Of all the urbanized people of the Americas, the Incas were the most brilliant engineers. The Huari-Tiahuanaco performed amazing feats of fitting gigantic
stones together, and the Nazca designed mind-numbingly huge earth-drawings that still exist today. But the Inca built massive forts with stone slabs so
perfectly cut that they didn't require mortar—and they're still standing today in near-perfect condition. They built roads through the mountains from Ecuador to Chile with tunnels and bridges. They also built aqueducts to their cities as the
Romans had. And of all ancient peoples, they were the most advanced in medicine and surgery.
.The lost Inca cityOf Machu Picchu,
high in the mountains of Peru
Native American Art
• Much native American art was inspired by visions. The shaman (priest-healer) would reproduce objects the gods communicated to him during a trance. Among the results of drawing on such subconscious impulses were extremely distorted Eskimo masks, among the most original art ever seen.
Shaman’s mask with the sun, moon and dog spirits.
Mound builders/ the first environmentalists?• Native Americans believed in
unity with nature. • Tribes constructed mounds,
some 100 feet high, from Florida to Wisconsin. Some imitated the shape of a tribe’s totem animal, such as an enormous , bird with spreading wings. Others were simply shaped like domes, but in each case, the builders hauled millions of tons of earth in baskets then tapped it down. The volume of the largest one near St. Louis is greater than that of the great Pyramid. In some cases, inner burial chambers, contained treasures, like the body of an aristocrat clothed entirely in pearls.
•Mound builders partly inspired Earthworks, movement that emerged in the late 1960’s, to make the land itself a work of art. Robert Smithson’s “Spiral Jetty” (now underwater in Great Sale Lake, Utah) is one of the better known examples of the movement.
•Southwest tribe
•Geometric design rugs colored with herbal and mineral dyes/ carmine red
•Shamans created sand paintings for healing, fertility, huntingSand painters still use natural pigments, like
powdered rock,corn pollen, and charcoal, to produce temporary works on a flat bed of sand.
•Carved and painted Kachina dolls out of cottonwood roots to represent gods and teach religion.
•Decorated underground kivas in Arizona with elaborate mural paintings of agricultural deities.
•Northwest tribe
•Totem poles
•Masks
•Decorated houses
•canoes