2 html intro
DESCRIPTION
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Web Terminology
Presented by:
Dawn Rauscher
September 9, 2008
Discussion Topics
• What is HTML?
• Web Browsers
• URL
• HTML Terminology
• File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
• Questions & Answers
XHTML (Hyper Text Markup Language)
• Portable across platforms• Write the code in a document using a text-
editor program• View the page in a browser
• In Dreamweaver choose Code view to view the HTML code
The World Wide Web
Purpose for Communication
• Internet is vast network that connects computers all over the world
• World Wide Web – 1990 & 1991 was created by Tim Berners-Lee– (WWW). A hypermedia-based system for browsing Internet sites. It
is named the Web because it is made of many sites linked together; users can travel from one site to another by clicking on hyperlinks. Text, graphics, sound, and video can all be accessed with browsers like Mosaic, Netscape, or Internet Explorer.
BrowsersIs one better than the other?
Which one should I use?
• 1994 Netscape released Navigator• Navigator controlled 75% of the market• 1996 Microsoft came out with Explorer and the wars began• Browser Statistics
When developing Web pages -- it is very important to check Your web sites in as many browsers as possible.
Browsers Worth Noting
There is more to the web than Internet Explorer!
•Amaya – http://www.w3.org/amaya•Firefox – http://www.mozilla.com/en-US/firefox/•Opera – http://www.opera.com•Safari – Default browser for Mac OS X•Konqueror – Free browser and file manager for Linux•OmniWed – Browser for Mac OS X that costs a small fee
I have added these browsers to our delicious account
HTML
Hypertext Markup Language
• XHTML is a simple language – Used to create Web pages that appear on World Wide Web– Based on an older language
• SGML: Standard Generalized Markup Language• HTML originally designed to define elements in a document
independent of how they would appear• XHTML now capable of defining how elements should appear in a
browser
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
• HTML lacks a proper means of influencing the display of content - It was intended to provide structure.
• CSS was introduced in the late 1990’s
• CSS describes how HTML documents should be visually presented while leaving the structural markup clean and meaningful.
Benefits of CSS
• Style sheets can be applied to any HTML document adding an attractive layer of visual design
• Separating content from presentation allows both aspects to become stronger and more adaptable.
• An entire Web site can be redesigned by changing a single style sheet
• Today’s browsers support CSS!
URL (Uniform Resource Locator)
• Internet Address of a resource
• The address that allows a web-connected device to locate a specific file on a specific server in order to download and display it to the user.
• Protocol://domain name/path/filename
Yahoo URL – http://www.yahoo.com
ProtocolDomain Name
• First part of the URL
• Describes the format of the information accessed from the Internet– http: (links that point to other web pages)– file: (file you want browser to read)– ftp: (download or copy a file to a computer)– mailto: (Start a mail program)– telnet: (login remotely to a specified
computer)
URL (Uniform Resource Locator)
Domain Name
• Second Part of the URL
• Physical location of the file or resource
• IP Address – 198.95.251.5
• Domain Name – yahoo.com
• Domain Name Server (DNS) will translate domain name into the IP address
Domain Name Extensions
• .edu - Education
• .com - Commercial
• .gov - Government
• .org – Nonprofit Organization
• .net – Usually an ISP
New Extensions
• .aero – Air Transport Industry
• .biz – Business
• .coop – Cooperatives
• .info – Unrestricted
• .museum – Museums
• .name – Personal Applications
• .pro – Professionals such as accountants, doctors, and lawyers
Path and FileName
Example –
http://home1.fvcc.edu/~drausche/cmpa270/calendar.htm
Basic HTML Syntax• HTML documents are text documents
– Contain formatting instructions, called tags• All HTML documents must use the <html> element as the root
element• A root element contains all the other elements in a document• Opening and closing <html>...</html> tags are required• Two other important HTML elements are the <head> element and the
<body> element
Basic Syntax
Attributes
• Empty or starting container tags can contain attributes, which modify the related tag
• Example: <p align="right">• Default values – used if attribute not
specified
• Example: <p>
HTML Example<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01
Transitional//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/loose.dtd"><html><head> <title>Welcome to My Web Site!</title></head><body> <h1>Dawn Rauscher</h1>
<p> I teach at FVCC
</p></body></html>
How do you buy a domain name?
• Go Daddy
• Dot Easy
Questions?