On a separate piece of paper to be handed in, complete the following question without using your notes:

On the following graph, label the products, reactants (substrates), and activation energy. Then, answer which line (solid or dotted) do you think represents the chemical reaction taking place WITH an enzyme and WHY?

Products = ______Substrates = ______Activation Energy with enzyme = ______Activation Energy without enzyme = ______

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DNA is what contains all the information for making our bodies.

All cells need DNA, so DNA replicates by splitting apart at the nitrogen bases and making a copy of itself:

DNA never leaves the nucleus of the cell. If this is true, predict how the rest of the cell gets information from the DNA.

“I think the cell gets information by __________ because _______________” Because DNA never leaves the nucleus, the cell

copies DNA into a different form called RNA which can leave the nucleus.

Transcription

Ribonucleic AcidUsually single strandedThree common types:

mRNA (messenger RNA) tRNA (transfer RNA) rRNA (ribosomal RNA)

Uses the sugar ribose instead of deoxyribose

Uses the following nitrogenous bases Adenine Guanine Cytosine Uracil

Nitrogenous base in RNA (abbreviated ‘U’)

Forms two hydrogen bonds with Adenine

Replaces Thymine

Transcription is when the cell makes a mRNA copy from a DNA template strand

After transcription, mRNA leaves the nucleus and attaches to the ribosomes on the Rough E.R.

DNA molecule breaks apart between the nitrogen bases (just like in DNA replication!)

mRNA nucleotides (A, G, C and U) pair with the DNA molecule to make an mRNA copy of the DNA strand. See overhead.

***RNA uses the nucleotide Uracil (U) to pair with Adenine (A) instead of Thymine (T).

Transcription happens in the nucleus.

What happens in transcription?-a copy of mRNA is made from DNA.

DNA Replication▪ 1 DNA to 2 DNA (happens in nucleus).

Transcription▪ DNA to mRNA (in nucleus)

Where does transcription happen?-in the nucleus.

What is the starting material of translation?- DNA

What is the product produced by translation?-RNA

Working with a partner, compare and contrast DNA replication and Transcription in regards to: Nucleic Acid strand used as template Nucleic Acid strand produced Nitrogenous Bases used Where each process happens

Try to have one student compare and one student contrast and complete a Venn diagram