1qcap lab - dr. sohair gadalla - 2010 بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم role of qcap lab in...

1QCAP Lab - Dr. Sohair Gadalla - 2010

بسم الله الرحمن بسم الله الرحمن الرحيمالرحيم

Role of QCAP Lab in Control of Role of QCAP Lab in Control of Pesticide Residues and Food Pesticide Residues and Food

Contaminates in EgyptContaminates in Egypt


ContentsContents______________________________________________________________

HistoryHistory Objectives & MissionsObjectives & Missions Lab FactsLab Facts Lab Cooperation & Other Scientific ActivitiesLab Cooperation & Other Scientific Activities Lab Staff &Organizational StructureLab Staff &Organizational Structure QCAP Lab Scope &Analytical ActivitiesQCAP Lab Scope &Analytical Activities Microbiological ExaminationsMicrobiological Examinations Analyzable ProductsAnalyzable Products Accreditation & Technical ScopeAccreditation & Technical Scope SummarySummary Future PlanFuture Plan

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The Central Laboratory of Residue Analysis of Central Laboratory of Residue Analysis of Pesticides and Heavy Metals in Food (QCAP Pesticides and Heavy Metals in Food (QCAP Lab)Lab) was established in 1995, under the Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation of Egypt (MALR) according to the Ministerial Decree no. 680/1995


QCAPQCAP

The laboratory is the main output of The laboratory is the main output of the collaboration between the collaboration between Egyptian Egyptian and Finnish governments and Finnish governments through through the the Quality Control of Agriculture Quality Control of Agriculture Products Project (QCAP).Products Project (QCAP).

The laboratory is still known as the The laboratory is still known as the QCAP Lab.QCAP Lab.


QCAP LabQCAP LabObjectives & Objectives & MissionsMissions


Lab MissionsLab MissionsSafe Food…Healthy PeopleSafe Food…Healthy People

QCAP Lab is focusing on food safety under QCAP Lab is focusing on food safety under two major two major activitiesactivities;;

1- Egyptian Consumer protection against chemical and Egyptian Consumer protection against chemical and biological contaminants in food and environment.biological contaminants in food and environment.

2-2- Promoting exports from agricultural products through Promoting exports from agricultural products through guaranteed safety standards and measurements that comply guaranteed safety standards and measurements that comply with the requirements of the importing countries.with the requirements of the importing countries.


Control of pesticide residues and food contaminants throughout:Control of pesticide residues and food contaminants throughout:

Analyzing samples from shipments of agricultural products prior Analyzing samples from shipments of agricultural products prior to to exportexport and issuing accredited certificates for results. and issuing accredited certificates for results.

Analyzing samples from certain Analyzing samples from certain importedimported food & agriculture food & agriculture products in order to prevent food not complying with the products in order to prevent food not complying with the standards of contaminants to enter the country for standards of contaminants to enter the country for consumption.consumption.

Monitoring status of chemical and biological contamination in Monitoring status of chemical and biological contamination in food and agricultural products in the local markets through the food and agricultural products in the local markets through the National Monitoring Program in the laboratory.National Monitoring Program in the laboratory.

Lab ObjectivesLab Objectives


Laboratory ActivitiesLaboratory Activities Cooperation with:Cooperation with: Research InstitutesResearch Institutes Export & Import CompaniesExport & Import Companies Farmers and ConsumersFarmers and Consumers Organic Agriculture OrganizationOrganic Agriculture Organization National and official organizations such as, Agricultural National and official organizations such as, Agricultural

and Veterinary Quarantine, General organization for export and Veterinary Quarantine, General organization for export and import control and import control GOEICGOEIC, ,

General organization of veterinary services, General organization of veterinary services, GOVSGOVS

Training of inspectors from plant quarantine on the Training of inspectors from plant quarantine on the methods of sampling.methods of sampling.

Development and renovating of the methods of analysisDevelopment and renovating of the methods of analysis

QCAP often the early leader in developing analytical QCAP often the early leader in developing analytical methods to fulfill the international standards and methods to fulfill the international standards and to to respond to emerged food crisisrespond to emerged food crisis.

Provide training on the scope of analytical work.Provide training on the scope of analytical work.


TrainingTraining Training Programs for: Training Programs for:

Trainees from Arab and African Countries in Trainees from Arab and African Countries in the Regionthe RegionResearchers and interested groupsResearchers and interested groupsInspectors of AQInspectors of AQGrowers specially at sampling proceduresGrowers specially at sampling procedures

Program includes:Program includes: Sampling Procedures according to Sampling Procedures according to international standardsinternational standardsISO 17025 and labs accreditationISO 17025 and labs accreditationQuality control and quality assurance systemQuality control and quality assurance systemAnalytical methods adopted in the laboratory, Analytical methods adopted in the laboratory,


The Lab is accredited since 1996 and in full The Lab is accredited since 1996 and in full compliance with the general criteria for compliance with the general criteria for testing laboratories laid down according to testing laboratories laid down according to ISO/IEC 17025:2005 ISO/IEC 17025:2005 “General requirements “General requirements for the competence of calibration and for the competence of calibration and testing laboratories”.testing laboratories”.

More than 14 years of accumulated More than 14 years of accumulated experience.experience.

Full service, fully equipped food analysis Full service, fully equipped food analysis testing capabilities. testing capabilities.

QCAP LAB HOLDS THE LEADER POSITION IN EGYPT IN QCAP LAB HOLDS THE LEADER POSITION IN EGYPT IN DOMAIN OF ITS WORK.DOMAIN OF ITS WORK.

Lab Facts Lab Facts


Highly trained professional and competent Highly trained professional and competent analysts and microbiologists.analysts and microbiologists.

Running many of scientific researches in the field Running many of scientific researches in the field of pesticides residue and contaminates in food.of pesticides residue and contaminates in food.

Lab FactsLab Facts

Analyzing more than 500 contaminates.Analyzing more than 500 contaminates.Detection of 15 food-pathogens.Detection of 15 food-pathogens.More than 40 accredited methods of analysis More than 40 accredited methods of analysis

for chemical and biological pollutants in for chemical and biological pollutants in food.food.

The laboratory analyzed more than 320,000 The laboratory analyzed more than 320,000 samples since 1995.samples since 1995.


Reference Center of food residues - contaminates Reference Center of food residues - contaminates and environmental pollutants.and environmental pollutants.

Expand scope of analysis to include:Expand scope of analysis to include:

Lab FactsLab Facts

RESIDUESRESIDUESPesticides in fruits and vegetablesPesticides in animal-food & feed Veterinary drugs in animal food origin

CONTAMINANTSCONTAMINANTSHeavy metalsMycotoxinsPersistence Organic Pollutants – Dioxins, PCBs & PAHsAcrylamideMelamine & related compoundsHistamine, Ciguatoxins

OTHER TESTSOTHER TESTSFood Additives (Flavors, Colorants)NitratesIllegal Dyes (Sudan & Malachite green)

FOOD PATHOGENSFOOD PATHOGENS


Relations Between QCAP Lab &Relations Between QCAP Lab &Other National OrganizationsOther National Organizations


Lab Staff &Lab Staff &Organizational Organizational StructureStructure


Lab StaffLab StaffTotal number of persons employed in the Total number of persons employed in the LabLabis is 160160

The lab is divided into two main activities:The lab is divided into two main activities: The Chemistry labThe Chemistry lab (54 analysts), The Microbiology labThe Microbiology lab (6 microbiologists)

Approximately one half has completed one of the post Approximately one half has completed one of the post graduate studies abroad or at home (Masters of Science, graduate studies abroad or at home (Masters of Science, Doctors of Science).Doctors of Science).

Others (100) technicians, Supported staff , Others (100) technicians, Supported staff , Secretariats, financial & administration departments, Secretariats, financial & administration departments, maintenance engineers, receptionists & customer maintenance engineers, receptionists & customer service, data handling & computer services, etc.).service, data handling & computer services, etc.).

The prevailing age group among the researchers and The prevailing age group among the researchers and analysts ranges between 25 and 35 years. analysts ranges between 25 and 35 years.


All lab Staff persons had extensive All lab Staff persons had extensive in-house training courses discussing:in-house training courses discussing: CAC & EU Directives and RegulationsCAC & EU Directives and Regulations Sampling, chemical & microbiological Sampling, chemical & microbiological analyses, analyses, Quality control and quality assurance Quality control and quality assurance according to ISO 17025:2005.according to ISO 17025:2005.


Personnel skills are continually updated Personnel skills are continually updated through attendance of training through attendance of training courses, workshops, professional courses, workshops, professional conferences, and regular participation in conferences, and regular participation in national and international organizations national and international organizations meetings.meetings.

More than 75 missions and training abroad More than 75 missions and training abroad from 2005 up to 2009.from 2005 up to 2009.

List of scientific publications includes List of scientific publications includes more than 90 research papers & theses.more than 90 research papers & theses.


Organizational Organizational StructureStructure

LAB DIRECTOR

LAB DIRECTOR

Administration & Accountants

Administration & Accountants

CHEMICAL CHEMICAL

LABLABCHEMICAL CHEMICAL

LABLAB

MICROBIOLOGY MICROBIOLOGY LABLAB

MICROBIOLOGY MICROBIOLOGY LABLAB

Database & Information Center

Database & Information Center

Technical Office

& Training ServicesTechnical Office

& Training Services

- QA Manager

- Technical Managers - QA Manager

- Technical Managers

--Technical ManagerTechnical Manager - - Deputy TMDeputy TM

- Microbiologists

--Technical ManagerTechnical Manager - - Deputy TMDeputy TM

- Microbiologists

--Technical ManagerTechnical Manager

--Deputy TMDeputy TM

-Analysts

--Technical ManagerTechnical Manager

--Deputy TMDeputy TM

-Analysts

Pesticide Residues

Heavy Metals

Mycotoxins

Dioxins and Dioxin-like PCBs

Sudan dyes

Nitrates

Chlormephenicol

Veterinary Drugs, others…

Pesticide Residues

Heavy Metals

Mycotoxins

Dioxins and Dioxin-like PCBs

Sudan dyes

Nitrates

Chlormephenicol

Veterinary Drugs, others…

Assisting Personnel

Computerist, Lab. assistants, stock keepers, sample receptionist, sample transporters, glassware washers, cleaners, guards, security persons, and technical engineer.

Assisting Personnel

Computerist, Lab. assistants, stock keepers, sample receptionist, sample transporters, glassware washers, cleaners, guards, security persons, and technical engineer.

QUALITY QUALITY MANAGERMANAGER

QUALITY QUALITY MANAGERMANAGER


QCAP Lab QCAP Lab Scope &Scope &Analytical ActivitiesAnalytical Activities


The Lab has a pivotal role in analyzing The Lab has a pivotal role in analyzing different types of chemical and biological different types of chemical and biological contaminants in food and environment that contaminants in food and environment that including:including: More than 500 chemical contaminates More than 500 chemical contaminates analyzed.analyzed. 15 food-pathogens Microorganisms 15 food-pathogens Microorganisms detected.detected. Standard methods used: AOAC, ISO, CEN.Standard methods used: AOAC, ISO, CEN. Methods validated before use: LOQ, Methods validated before use: LOQ, recovery, linearity, repeatability, recovery, linearity, repeatability, reproducibility, accuracy & uncertainty.reproducibility, accuracy & uncertainty.


Pesticide ResiduesPesticide ResiduesMore than 400 compounds from different chemical More than 400 compounds from different chemical Groups using LC-MS/MS and GC-MSD techniques.Groups using LC-MS/MS and GC-MSD techniques.Wide range of pesticides (requested by customers, Wide range of pesticides (requested by customers, registered, or banned). registered, or banned). “Mistrial Decree 622/2008”“Mistrial Decree 622/2008”

Fulfilling the requirements of international standards:Fulfilling the requirements of international standards: Pesticide EU-MRLs (0.01 mg/kg)Pesticide EU-MRLs (0.01 mg/kg)““Regulation (EC) No Regulation (EC) No

396/2005”396/2005” Codex Alimentarius requirements.Codex Alimentarius requirements.

Investigating pesticide residues in organic products.Investigating pesticide residues in organic products.


Pesticide ResiduesPesticide Residues

QCAP participate in EU-CRL PT-FV and QCAP participate in EU-CRL PT-FV and classified classified as category Aas category A

QCAP approved from QS-system Germany, QCAP approved from QS-system Germany,

Quality and Safety of food chain from “Farm to Fork”Quality and Safety of food chain from “Farm to Fork”

QCAP approval from EDEKA markets in GermanyQCAP approval from EDEKA markets in Germany

Contracted with food expert -SpainContracted with food expert -Spain


Heavy Metals & Trace Elements Heavy Metals & Trace Elements Analytical MethodsAnalytical Methods

1.1. Copper Copper CuCu

2.2. Lead Lead PbPb

3.3. Cadmium Cadmium CdCd

4.4. Tin Tin SnSn

5.5. Mercury Mercury HgHg

6.6. Zinc Zinc ZnZn

7.7. Iron Iron FeFe

8.8. Arsenic Arsenic AsAs

9.9. Aluminum Aluminum AlAl

10.10.Manganese Manganese MnMn

11.11.Chromium Chromium CrCr

12.12.CobaltCobalt Co Co

13.13.NickelNickel Ni Ni


MycotoxinsMycotoxins Aflatoxins B1,B2, Aflatoxins B1,B2,

G1,G2G1,G2 OchratoxinsOchratoxins PatulinPatulin

MycotoxinsMycotoxins


Dioxins and PCB’s like dioxinsDioxins and PCB’s like dioxins

Dioxins are stable compounds, the minute Dioxins are stable compounds, the minute amount of it cause hazards effect on human and amount of it cause hazards effect on human and environment.environment.

The laboratory introduce the analysis of dioxin The laboratory introduce the analysis of dioxin although the difficulties of their analysis. The although the difficulties of their analysis. The analysis need special trained persons, special analysis need special trained persons, special instrument for identification of the very small instrument for identification of the very small amount of residues measured in Pico-gram levels.amount of residues measured in Pico-gram levels.

Dioxins compounds consist of 210 congeners, 17 Dioxins compounds consist of 210 congeners, 17 of them are the most toxic.of them are the most toxic.

HRGC/HRMSDHRGC/HRMSD

for Detection of for Detection of POPsPOPs


Substances/

Group**

Status CompoundsCovered

Group A1 Essential

Diethylstilbestrol, Hexestrol, Dienestrol

Group A3 Essential

Trenbolone, Testosterone, Progesterone

Group A6**** Essential

Chloramphenicol, Dimetridazole, Ronidazole

Group B1 Essential

Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Ceftiofur, Chlortetracyclin, Ciprofloxacin, Doxycyclin, Enrofloxacin, Erythromycin, Flumequin, Gentamycin, Lincomycin, Oxytetracycline, Penicillin V, Sulfa drugs, Tetracycline, Trimethoprim, Tylosin

Veterinary Drugs & Veterinary Drugs & AntibioticsAntibioticsAnalytical MethodsAnalytical Methods* Groups defined in Annex I of council Annex I of council directive 96/23/ECdirective 96/23/EC** Compounds included in Annex IV to Council Annex IV to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2377/90Regulation (EEC) No 2377/90


Other Specific Analytical Other Specific Analytical MethodsMethods Benzo(a)pyreneBenzo(a)pyrene NitrateNitrate HistamineHistamine CiguatoxinCiguatoxin Melamine & Melamine &

AnaloguesAnalogues Illegal Sudan DyesIllegal Sudan Dyes

Sudan I, Sudan II, Sudan Sudan I, Sudan II, Sudan III, Sudan IV, Sudan Red III, Sudan IV, Sudan Red 7B, and Sudan Orange G, 7B, and Sudan Orange G, para red.para red.

Illegal Malachite Illegal Malachite GreenGreen

AcrylamideAcrylamide Food AdditivesFood Additives


Microbiological ExaminationsMicrobiological Examinations( 15 food-pathogen microbes)( 15 food-pathogen microbes)1.1. Bacillus cereusBacillus cereus, , 2.2. Clostredium perfringensClostredium perfringens, , 3.3. Coliforms, Coliforms, 4.4. Fecal coliformsFecal coliforms, , 5.5. E. coli, E. coli, 6.6. Enterobacter , Enterobacter , 7.7. Enterococci, Enterococci, 8.8. Listeria monocytogensListeria monocytogens , , 9.9. Molds,Molds,10.10.Yeasts, Yeasts, 11.11.Salmonella, Salmonella, 12.12.Shigella, Shigella, 13.13.Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus, 14.14.Vibrio choleraeVibrio cholerae, , 15.15.Aerobic total plate count.Aerobic total plate count.16.16.LegonellaLegonella


Microbiological Microbiological ExaminationsExaminations

All foodstuffs SamplesAll foodstuffs Samples

Water Samples Water Samples

(drinking, irrigation, (drinking, irrigation, others)others)

Swab Tests Swab Tests

(food production factories, (food production factories, others)others)

Accredited ScopeAccredited Scope


Analyzable Analyzable ProductsProducts


Analyzable Analyzable Products/CommoditiesProducts/Commodities Foodstuffs Originating from Plants and Foodstuffs Originating from Plants and

AnimalsAnimalsFresh Fruits and Vegetables.Fresh Fruits and Vegetables.Spices, Herbs, and Medicinal Plants.Spices, Herbs, and Medicinal Plants.Cereals.Cereals.Dehydrated Products (Dried Fruit & Vegetables, Dehydrated Products (Dried Fruit & Vegetables,

Concentrates) Concentrates) Fats and Oils.Fats and Oils.Milk and Dairy Products.Milk and Dairy Products.Honey, Sweeteners, and Candies.Honey, Sweeteners, and Candies.Fish and Fish Products.Fish and Fish Products.

Environmental SamplesEnvironmental SamplesSoil Samples.Soil Samples.Drinking Water, Ground Water, Surface Water Samples.Drinking Water, Ground Water, Surface Water Samples.Emissions of Cement Factories Stacks.Emissions of Cement Factories Stacks.


Lab Lab Premises & FacilitiesPremises & Facilities


LAB AREA & FACILITIESLAB AREA & FACILITIES The general part of the analyses, The general part of the analyses,

researches and expert works are done in researches and expert works are done in modern equipped laboratories furnished modern equipped laboratories furnished with up-to-date analytical equipment.with up-to-date analytical equipment.

Working area: labs are distributed in:Working area: labs are distributed in: Main building (2 floors, 450mMain building (2 floors, 450m22/floor)/floor) Administration building (3 floors, 350 Administration building (3 floors, 350

mm22/floor)/floor) Extension new building ( under Extension new building ( under

construction), 3 floors, 450 mconstruction), 3 floors, 450 m22 for for eacheach

Lab facility was designed to ensure staff Lab facility was designed to ensure staff safety and health and also to keep safety and health and also to keep equipment work in its favored optimal equipment work in its favored optimal conditions. Efficient conditioning system conditions. Efficient conditioning system provides the building with clean, provides the building with clean, conditioned air.conditioned air.


COMPUTER INFRASTRUCTURECOMPUTER INFRASTRUCTURE Computer Servers are located in a room with special power Computer Servers are located in a room with special power

and temperature requirements, and an uninterrupted power and temperature requirements, and an uninterrupted power supply (UPS) to keep equipment and analytical databases supply (UPS) to keep equipment and analytical databases operational, provide software support, and assure data operational, provide software support, and assure data integrity and security.integrity and security.

The lab has a computer network (starting with reception & The lab has a computer network (starting with reception & ending with information center). This network is connected ending with information center). This network is connected to the server which securely maintains the whole analytical to the server which securely maintains the whole analytical results since 1995 (Lab Information Center).results since 1995 (Lab Information Center).

DATA MANAGEMENT SYSTEMDATA MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

QCAP information system features:QCAP information system features: Local area network (LAN) augmented with Wide area Local area network (LAN) augmented with Wide area

network (WAN),network (WAN), Wide range of facilities for electronic transfer of the data via Wide range of facilities for electronic transfer of the data via

Internet.Internet.


Accreditation & Accreditation & Technical ScopeTechnical Scope


Accreditation CertificateAccreditation Certificate

In 1996 the laboratory has been awarded In 1996 the laboratory has been awarded the International Accreditation certificate the International Accreditation certificate in its field of analysis by the Finnish branch in its field of analysis by the Finnish branch (FINAS) of the European Accreditation (FINAS) of the European Accreditation Centre for Laboratories (EAL) on basis on Centre for Laboratories (EAL) on basis on ISO/IEC Guide 25 which was renewed in ISO/IEC Guide 25 which was renewed in 2000. 2000.

In 2002 the Accreditation certificate was In 2002 the Accreditation certificate was awarded to the laboratory according to awarded to the laboratory according to ISO/IEC 17025ISO/IEC 17025. .

The Certificate was again renewed as The Certificate was again renewed as testing Laboratory testing Laboratory No. T219No. T219 and it is and it is valid valid until 2013until 2013..

Lab Accreditation Lab Accreditation


The laboratory is The laboratory is considered as the considered as the only accredited only accredited laboratory in laboratory in Egypt in its Egypt in its domain of works.domain of works. As a trusted laboratory in its field of analysis, the lab has been granted the accredited Flexible Flexible ScopeScope from FINAS in November 2008.

As a trusted laboratory in its field of analysis, the lab has been granted the accredited Flexible Flexible ScopeScope from FINAS in November 2008.


Lab Techniques & Lab Techniques & InstrumentationsInstrumentations


LC MS-MSLC MS-MS [High Tech Unique Equip.][High Tech Unique Equip.]

GC MSDGC MSD

Gas Chromatograph Systems (FPD, FID, NPD, Gas Chromatograph Systems (FPD, FID, NPD, ECD) ECD)

HPLC Systems (VWD, DAD, FLD)HPLC Systems (VWD, DAD, FLD)

GC MSD (High Resolution) GC MSD (High Resolution) [High Tech Unique [High Tech Unique Equip.]Equip.]In POPs identification.In POPs identification.

GPC system GPC system (Gel Permeation Chromatograph)Two instrumentsTwo instruments


AAS AAS (Flame & Graphite furnace & hydride)(Flame & Graphite furnace & hydride)

Digestion systemsDigestion systems Microwave Digestion system.Microwave Digestion system. Acid Digestion equipment.Acid Digestion equipment.

Spectrophotometer (UV/Vis.)Spectrophotometer (UV/Vis.)Weighing equipmentWeighing equipment

Precision and Analytical BalancesPrecision and Analytical Balances

Evaporators SystemEvaporators System Rotary EvaporatorsRotary Evaporators TurboVapTurboVap

Sample preparationSample preparation Grinders/ MixersGrinders/ Mixers

Analytical support Analytical support equipment/appliancesequipment/appliances Freeze dryer.Freeze dryer. Accelerated solvent extractorAccelerated solvent extractor


QCAP Samples QCAP Samples Facts & StatisticsFacts & Statistics


0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

20000

No.of samples

Herbs Number of analysed samples from March 1995- 2009

Total No.of herb samples

Total No.of herb samples 65 998 1180 2095 3011 4120 3686 7518 9749 12599 18448 17323 13574 10527 12613

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009


Summary and Future planSummary and Future plan


Summary of QACP role in pesticide residues Summary of QACP role in pesticide residues and food contaminates controland food contaminates control

Official control of imported-exported Official control of imported-exported shipmentsshipments Issuing accredited certificates and rejected the Issuing accredited certificates and rejected the

violated consignmentsviolated consignments

Inspection at local markets, reporting Inspection at local markets, reporting or published the resultsor published the results

Training for Training for Inspectors of AQInspectors of AQ Growers specially at sampling procedures Growers specially at sampling procedures


Egyptian Exports of fresh Egyptian Exports of fresh products products (2002 – 2008)(2002 – 2008)

Quantity of Exported Agricultural Products from 2002 to 2008

0

200000

400000

600000

800000

1000000

1200000

1400000

years

quantity/tonnes 721711 839108 1083642 1050442 1027554 1191397.4 1273699.4

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008


Future PlanFuture Plan

Expand the scope and the number of Expand the scope and the number of analyzed chemicals by developing and analyzed chemicals by developing and renovating new reliable methods of renovating new reliable methods of analyses.analyses.

focusing on food safety to improve focusing on food safety to improve Egyptian people health, increasing the Egyptian people health, increasing the Egyptian food export competitiveness and Egyptian food export competitiveness and to assure the compliance with national and to assure the compliance with national and international food safety standards.international food safety standards.


Summary of QCAP Lab RoleSummary of QCAP Lab RoleSafe Food…Healthy PeopleSafe Food…Healthy People

Analytical Methods

Egyptian Consumers & Egypt Economy

QCAP LabQCAP Lab

CustomersGovernment /Policy Makers

Professional Researches

1qcap lab - dr. sohair gadalla - 2010 بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم role of qcap lab in...

Documents

sohair gadalla

food qcap lab

lab objectivesqcap lab

role of qcap lab

egyptqcap lab

food contaminants

food safety

emerged food crisis