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Basics in Indian PolitySyllabus and Terminology Prelims Polity SyllabusIndian Polity and Governance ConstitutionPolitical System,Panchayati RajPublic PolicyRights Issues

ConstitutionGovernancePolitySocial JusticeInternational RelationsMains Polity SyllabusMains Syllabus - ConstitutionIndian Constitution- historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments, significant provisions and basic structure.Functions and responsibilities of the Union and the States, issues and challenges pertaining to the federal structure, devolution of powers and finances up to local levels and challenges therein.Separation of powers between various organs - dispute redressal mechanisms and institutions.Comparison of the Indian constitutional scheme with that of other countriesParliament and State Legislatures - structure, functioning, conduct of business, powers & privileges and issues arising out of these.

Mains Syllabus - Polity Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary - Ministries and Departments of the Government; Pressure groups and formal/informal associations and their role in the Polity Salient features of the Representation of Peoples Act. Appointment to various Constitutional posts, powers, functions and responsibilities of various Constitutional Bodies Statutory, regulatory and various quasi-judicial bodies Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation.Mains Syllabus - Social Justice Development processes and the development industry- the role of NGOs, SHGs, various groups and associations, donors, charities, institutional and other stakeholders Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre and States and the performance of these schemes; mechanisms, laws, institutions and Bodies constituted for the protection and betterment of these vulnerable sections. Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/ Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources. Issues relating to poverty and hunger.Mains syllabus - Governance Important aspects of governanceTransparency and accountabilitye-governance- applications, models, successes, limitations, and potential; Citizens charters, transparency & accountability and institutional and other measures. Role of civil services in a democracy.Mains Syllabus International Relations India and its neighborhood- relations. Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting Indias interests Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on Indias interestsIndian diaspora. Important International institutions, agencies and fora- their structure, mandate.PolityPoliticsPolitical Science1.A geographic area with a correspondingGovernment

2. Thomas Hobbesconsidered bodies politic in this sense inLeviathan

1. Achieving and exercising positions ofgovernance

2. It is the practice and theory of influencing other people on a civic or individual level.1.Astudy of the state, nation, government, and politics and policies of government

2. Aristotle defined it as the study of the stateLeviathanIt is a book written by Thomas Hobbes in 1651The work concerns the structure of society and legitimate government, and is regarded as one of the earliest and most influential examples ofsocial contract theory

Government Government is the means by which state policy is enforced, as well as the mechanism for determining thepolicyof the state.Government in a democracy consists of- legislature, executive and Judiciary

LegislatureIt is the law making body Examples India ParliamentStates AssemblyUS CongressUK ParliamentPakistan- Majlis-e-ShooraJapan - Diet

ExecutiveLaw enforcing / Implementing agencyIt includes PresidentPrime MinisterCouncil of MinistersChief MinisterGovernorKing / QueenDictator

Standard of thePresident of India

1st quarter: state emblem (thelions of Sarnath) to represent national unity;2nd quarter: elephant fromAjanta Cavesto representpatienceand strength3rd quarter:scalesfrom the Red Fort,Old Delhito representjustice4th quarter:lotusvase fromSarnathto represent prosperityJudiciaryLaw interpretative Agency Examples India Supreme CourtUS Federal CourtUK Supreme court

GovernanceIt is the act of governing.A networked GovernmentGovernment working with - Market Civil SocietyPanchayat Raj It is an"assembly" (ayat) of five (panch) wise and respected elders chosen and accepted by the local community.

Panchayat Raj Structure

18Gram Panchayat

Panchayat SamitiIntermediate PanchayatBlock level PanchayatTehsil Mandal Parishat Kshetra Panchayat Taluka

Zilla ParishatDistrict level local bodyDistrict councilDistrict PanchayatZilla Panchayat

Public PolicyPP is what ever the government chooses to do or not to doMost Powerful Policy making body The Cabinet

RightsRights are the privileges offered by the state Rights are not optionalThey are not CharityThey are the entitlements of the citizensIf you ignore them they ignore youEvery Human has rights