1998 ' WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE

PROCEEDINGS

Edited By

D.J.MEDEIROS Penn State University

EDWARD F. WATSON Louisiana State University

JOHN S. CARSON AutoSimulations, Inc.

MANIS. MANIVANNAN Emery Worldwide Airlines

Grand Hyatt Washington, D.C.

13-16 December 1998

Contents

VOLUME I

Preface

From the Editors • xxi About the Editors ., ~ xxii

About the Conference

Sponsoring Organizations xxiv WSC Board of Directors xxv WSC'98 Conference Committee xxvi WSC'98 Program Structure and Track Coordinators xxviii Referees xxx The Winter Simulation Conferences xxxi

Keynote Address

Challenges Facing Global Supply-Chains in the 21st Century ..I:..... 3 Mr. Matt Hennessee

Introductory Tutorials

Introduction to the Art and Science of Simulation 7 Robert E. Shannon

Input Modeling 15 Lawrence Leemis

So You Have Your Model: What to do Next. A Tutorial on Simulation Output Analysis 23 Martha A. Centeno and M. Florencia Reyes

Getting Started in Simulation in Healthcare 31 Julie C. Lowery

Tutorial: Simulation in the Hospitality Industry 37 Darrell W. Starks and Todd C. Whyte

Verification, Validation, and Accreditation 41 Osman Balci

Simulation of Manufacturing Systems 49 Averill M. Law and Michael G. McComas

Introduction to Military Training Simulation: A Guide for Discrete Event Simulationists 53 Ernest H. Page and Roger Smith

Computer Simulation as a Tool for Studying Human-Centered Systems 61 Ron Laughery

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Contents

Using Cooperative Learning to Activate Your Simulation Classroom 67 Manuel D. Rossetti and Harriet Black Nembhard

Advanced Tutorials

Inside Discrete-Event Simulation Software: How It Works and Why It Matters ,....„.,.... 77 Thomas J. Schriber and Daniel T. Brunner

Implementing On-Line Simulation upon the World-Wide Web 87 Wayne J. Davis, Xu Chen and Andrew Brook

Uniform Random Number Generators 97 Pierre I/Ecuyer

Input Modeling Tools for Complex Problems 105 Barry L. Nelson and Michael Yamnitsky

Advanced Methods for Simulation Output Analysis 113 Christos Alexopoulos and Andrew F. Seila

Verification and Validation of Simulation Models 121 * Robert G. Sargent

LABATCH.2: Software for Statistical Analysis of Simulation Sample Path Data 131 George S. Fishman Fundamentals of Object-Oriented Simulation 141 Jeffery A. Joines and Stephen D. Roberts

A Review of Simulation Optimization Techniques 151 Sigrun Andradöttir

Statistical Screening, Selection, and Multiple Comparison Procedures in Computer Simulation 159 David Goldsman and Barry L. Nelson

Simulation Metamodels 167 Russell R. Barton

Software/Modelware Tutorials I

ProModel/MedModel/ProcessModel

Introduction to ProcessModel and ProcessModel 9000 177 John F. Vick and Charles R. Harrell Healthcare Simulation Modeling and Optimization Using MedModel 185 Deborah L. Heflin and Charles R. Harrell Simulation Modeling and Optimization Using ProModel 191 Deborah L. Heflin and Charles R. Harrell

MODSIM III

MODSIM III — A Tutorial with Advances in Database Access and HLA Support 199 John Goble and Brian Wood

Arena

The Arena Product Family: Enterprise Modeling Solutions 205 Deborah Sadowski, Vivek Bapat and Glenn Drake

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Contents

AutoMod and AutoSched

AUTOMOD™ by AutoSimulations . 213 Tyler Phillips

AUTOSCHED™ AP by AutoSimulations 219 Tyler Phillips

WITNESS

The WITNESS® Toolbox - A Tutorial 223 Ian Rawles

SLX/GPSS/H/PROOF.

Stretching the Boundaries of Simulation Software 227 James O. Henriksen

Simulation with GPSS/H .; 235 Robert C. Crain

Windows-Based Animation with PROOF™ 241 James O. Henriksen

AweSim

AWESJM: The Integrated Simulation System 249 Alan B. Pritsker and Jean J. O'Reilly

Extend

Modeling with Extend™ •. 257 Jim Rivera

Taylor II

TAYLOR II Manufacturing Simulation Software 263 William B. Nordgren

Software/Modelware Tutorials II

Micro Saint and Opt Quest

Advanced Uses for Micro Saint Simulation Software 271 Catherine Drury Barnes and K. Ronald Laughery, Jr.

FactoryCAD

Object-Oriented Factory Layout in AutoCAD 275 David P. Sly

Visual Simulation Environment

Visual Simulation Environment 279 Osman Balci, Anders I. Bertelrud, Chuck M. Esterbrook and Richard E. Nance

Alpha/Sim and QUEST/IGRIP

ALPHA/SIM Simulation Software Tutorial 289 Kendra E. Moore and Scott D. Hammer

A Tutorial on Ergonomics and Process Modeling using QUEST and IGRIP 297 Deidra L. Donald

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Contents

ExpertFU

ExpertFit: Total Support for Simulation Input Modeling 303 Averill M. Law and Michael G. McComas

CSM and ProSim

Model-Based Systems Analysis Using CSIM18 309 Herb Schwetman An Introduction to Simulation Using PROSIM For Business Process Simulation and Analysis , 315 Perakath C. Benjamin, Dursun Delen and Madhav Erraguntla

WGSIMandSUk

Supply Chain Simulation with LOGSIM-Simulator 323 Saku Hieta

Introduction to SILK™ and Java-Based Simulation 327 Kevin J. Healy and Richard A. Kilgore

Web-Based Simulation and EZStrobe

Commercial Simulation over the Web 335 Larry Whitman, Brian Huff and Senthil Palaniswamy

EZStrobe-General-Purpose Simulation System based on Activity Cycle Diagrams 341 Julio C. Martinez

SDI

SDI INDUSTRY: An Extend-Based Tool for Continuous and High-Speed Manufacturing 349 Andrew J. Siprelle, Richard A. Phelps and M. Michelle Barnes

Modeling Methodology

Web-Based Simulation

An Architectural Design for Digital Objects 359 Paul A. Fishwick

Three Phase Simulation in Java 367 Michael Pidd and R.A. Cassel

Component-Based Simulation Environments: JSJM as a Case Study using Java Beans 373 * John A. Miller, Yongfu Ge and Junxin Tao

Hierarchical Techniques

Hierarchical Modular Modelling in Discrete Simulation 383 M. Pidd and R. Bayer Castro

Simulation Modeling at Multiple Levels of Abstraction 391 Perakath Benjamin, Madhav Erraguntla, Dursun Delen and Richard Mayer

Criteria for Simulation Software Evaluation 399 Jalal Nikoukaran, Vlatka Hlupic and Ray J. Paul

Dynamic Structure Modeling and Simulation

Abstract Simulators for the DSDE Formalism 407 Fernando J. Barros

Multimodels and Dynamic Structure Models: An Integration of DSDE/DEVS and OOPM 413 Fernando J. Barros, Bernard P. Zeigler and Paul A. Fishwick

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Contents

A Heterogeneous Simulation Framework Based on the DEVS BUS and the High Level Architecture 421 Yong Jae Kim and Tag Gon Kim

Visual Modeling

Developing a Graphical User Interface for Discrete Event Simulation 429 Hamad I. Odhabi, Ray J. Paul and Robert D. Macredie

Simulation Modeling with Artificial Reality Technology (SMART): An Integration of Virtual Reality and Simulation Modeling 437 Hank Grant and Chuen-Ki Lai

Assessment of Simulation Models Based on Trace-File Analysis: A Metamodeling Approach _. 443 Juri Tolujev, Peter Lorenz, Daniel Beier and Thomas J. Schriber

Parallel and Distributed Simulation I

Efficient Process Interaction with Threads in Parallel Discrete Event Simulation 451 Reuben Pasquini and Vernon Rego

Efficient Large-Scale Process-Oriented Parallel Simulations 459 Kalyan S. Perumalla and Richard M. Fujimoto

MPI-SIM: Using Parallel Simulation to Evaluate MPI Programs ^ 467 Sundeep Prakash and Rajive L. Bagrodia

Parallel and Distributed Simulation II

A Speculation-Based Approach for Performance and Dependability Analysis: A Case Study 475 Yiqing Huang, Zbigniew Kalbarczyk and Ravishankar K. Iyer

Experiments in Load Migration and Dynamic Load Balancing in SPEEDES 483 Linda F. Wilson and Wei Shen

Parallel Implementation of a Molecular Dynamics Simulation Program 491 Alan Mink and Christophe Bailly

Distributed Systems

Combining Optimism Limiting Schemes in Time Warp Based Parallel Simulations 499 Kevin Jones and Samir R. Das

Initializing On-Line Simulations from the State of a Distributed System 507 Fernando G. Gonzalez and Wayne J. Davis

A Workbench for Predicting the Performances of Distributed Object Architectures 515 Sophie Dumas and Georges Gardarin

Efficient Simulation Engines

The Efficient Implementation of Wait Statements 523 Ingolf Stähl

An Object-Oriented Environment for Fast Simulation Using Compiler Techniques 531 Yiqing Huang and Ravishankar K. Iyer

SEAMS: Simulation Environment for VHDL-AMS 539 Peter Frey, Kathiresan Nellayappan, Vasudevan Sahnmugasundaram, Ramesh Sankaran Mayiladuthurai, Chetput L. Chandrashekar and Harold W. Carter

Formal Techniques

Timed Petri Nets as a Verification Tool 547 Miryam Barad

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Contents

GMSim: A Tool for Compositional GSMP Modeling 555 Frode B. Nilsen

Informational Macrodynamics: System Modelling and Simulation Methodologies 563 Vladimir S. Lerner

Analysis Methodology

Applied Quasi-Monte Carlo Methods

Monte Carlo Extension of Quasi-Monte Carlo . 571 Art B.Owen Efficiency Improvement by Lattice Rules for Pricing Asian Options 579 Christiane Lemieux and Pierre L'Ecuyer

Special Topics in Simulation Analysis

A Parametric Version of Jackknife-after-Bootstrap 587 Jin Wang

Estimation of the Sample Size and Coverage for Guaranteed-Coverage Nonnormal Tolerance Intervals 593 Huifen Chen and Tsu-Kuang Yang

A Comparison of RESTART Implementations 601 Marnix J. J. Garvels and Dirk P. Kroese

Simulation and Optimization Interfacing

An Analytical Comparison of Optimization Problem Generation Methodologies 609 Raymond R. Hill Properties of Synthetic Optimization Problems 617 Charles H. Reilly Average Performance of Quasi Monte Carlo Methods for Global Optimization 623 Hisham A. Al-Mharmah

Simulation Input Analysis

Sensitivity of Output Performance Measures to Input Distributions in Queueing Network Modeling 629 Donald Gross and Denise M. Bevilacqua Masi Least Squares Estimation of Nonhomogeneous Poisson Processes 637 Michael E. Kuhl, Halim Damerdji and James R. Wilson Estimation of Stationary Densities for Markov Chains 647 Peter W. Glynn and Shane G. Henderson

Bayesian Analysis in Simulation

Bayesian Model Selection when the Number of Components is Unknown 653 Russell C. H. Cheng

Adaptive Stochastic Manpower Scheduling 661 Elmira Popova and David Morton Sequential Allocations that Reduce Risk for Multiple Comparisons 669 Stephen E. Chick and Koichiro Inoue

Efficiency Improvement

Rostering by Iterating Integer Programming and Simulation 677 Shane G. Henderson and Andrew J. Mason

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Contents

Gaussian Importance Sampling and Stratification: Computational Issues % 685 Paul Glasserman, Philip Heidelberger and Perwez Shahabuddin

Exploiting Multiple Regeneration Sequences in Simulation Output Analysis 695 James M. Calvin and Marvin K. Nakayama

Design and Run Issues in Simulation

Bootstrapping and Validation of Metamodels in Simulation »...., 701 Jack P.C. Kleijnen, Ad J. Feelders and Russell C.H. Cheng

Interactive Implementation of Optimal Simulation Experiment Designs 707 Russell C. H. Cheng and John D. Lamb

Identifying Important Factors In Deterministic Investment Problems using Design of Experiments 713 Willem J.H. Van Groenendaal and Jack P.C. Kleijnen

Selection Procedures in Simulation

An Approach to Ranking and Selection for Multiple Performance Measures 719 Douglas J. Morrice, John Butler and Peter W. Mullarkey

Comparison of Bayesian and Frequentist Assessments of Uncertainty for Selecting the Best System 727 Koichiro Inoue and Stephen E. Chick

Computing Budget Allocation for Simulation Experiments with Different System Structures 735 Chun-Hung Chen, Yu Yuan, Hsiao-Chang Chen, Enver Yücesan and Liyi Dai

Simulation Based Optimization

Stopping Criterion for a Simulation-Based Optimization Method 743 Sigurdur Ölafsson and Leyuan Shi

A Revised Simplex Search Procedure for Stochastic Simulation Response-Surface Optimization ...i 751 David G. Humphrey and James R. Wilson

Using ACCESSIBILITY to Assess the Performance of Generalized Hill Climbing Algorithms 761 Sheldon H. Jacobson and Enver Yücesan

Military Applications

Military Keynote Address

Military Keynote Address - Military Simulation: Where We Are and Where We Ought to be Going 771 Vincent P. Roske, Jr.

Military Modeling and Simulation I

Military Simulation Worlds and Organizational Learning 773 Michael D. Proctor and Justin C. Gubler

Scalable Means More Than More: A Unifying Definition of Simulation Scalability 781 Darren R. Law

Bounding CPU Utilization as a Part of the Model Design and the Scenario Design of a Large-Scale Military Training Simulation 789 William R. Merritt

Military Modeling Architecture

The DoD High Level Architecture: An Update 797 Judith Dahmann, Richard M. Fujimoto and Richard M. Weatherly

Essential Techniques for Military Modeling and Simulation 805 Roger D. Smith

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Contents

PANEL: Military Applications

Panel: The Future of Military Simulation 813 Ronald J. Roland, John O. Miller, Michael Macedonia, Jim Metzger and John Andrew

HLA Technical Session

Distributed Simulation Modeling: A Comparison of HLA, CORBA, and RMI 819 Arnold Buss and Leroy Jackson

Applying Temporal Databases to HLA Data Collection and Analysis 827 Thorn McLean, Leo Mark, Margaret Loper and David Rosenbaum

High Level Architecture Remote Data Filtering 835 William S. Murphy, Jr. and Galen D. Aswegan

VSMC

Prototyping Advanced Warfare Gaming Capabilities for the 21st Century Warfighter 841 Curtis L. Blais

Simulation as a Mission Planning and Rehearsal Tool 849 William M. Garrabrants

Marine Corps Analytic Modeling and Simulation 855 William A. Sawyers

Military Modeling and Simulation II

Fusion Processor Simulation (FPSim) 859 Mark D. Barnell and Douglas Wynne

Alternative Implementations of Multitrajectory Simulation 865 John B. Gilmer, Jr. and Frederick J. Sullivan

Reactive Tabu Search in Unmanned Aerial Reconnaissance Simulations 873 Joel L. Ryan, T. Glenn Bailey, James T. Moore and William B. Carlton

Force XXI Simulation

Communication Mission-Type Orders to Virtual Commanders 881 Martin S. Kleiner, Scott A. Carey and Joseph E. Beach *

Simulation and C4I Data Collection in Support of Force XXI Training 887 William J. Frederic, Mark B. Hamby, James S. Mathison and Ronald D. Nugen

Track Loss and Recovery for Intermittently Emitting Targets 895 Nicholas E. Rozen

Simulation Models for Decision Support

Discrete-Event Simulation for the Design and Evaluation of Physical Protection Systems 899 Sabina E. Jordan, Mark K. Snell, Marcella M. Madsen, Jeffrey S. Smith and Brett A. Peters

Cycle Time Reduction for Naval Aviation Depots 907 Keebom Kang, Kevin Gue and Donald R. Eaton

Appendix

Author Index A3

xii

*

Contents

VOLUME II

Manufacturing Applications

Simulation in Automotive Industry

Analysis of Conveyor Systems within Automotive Final Assembly 915 Edward J. Williams and Haldun Qelik

Simulation and Analysis of the Mercedes-Benz All Activity Vehicle (AAV) Production Facility 921 Young H. Park, Jack E. Matson and David M. Miller

Modeling at the Machine-Control Level Using Discrete Event Simulation (DES) 927 Raid Al-Aomar and Daniel Cook

Assembly Systems

A Simulation Based Decision Support Approach for Operational Capacity Planning in a Customer Order Driven Assembly Line 935 Michael Andersson and Göte Olsson

Simulation Applied to Final Engine Drop Assembly 943 Edward J. Williams and Dean E. Orlando

Simulation of Workers in Manufacturing Systems 951 Rita Freudenberg and Henry Herper

Manufacturing Scheduling

Modeling Furnace Operations using Simulation and Heuristics 957 Bala Ram and Gunvant Patel

Application of Discrete Event Simulation in Production Scheduling 965 Bharath S. Vaidyanathan, David M. Miller and Young H. Park

Simulation and Production Planning for Manufacturing Cells 973 Shahram Taj, David S. Cochran, James W. Duda and Jochen Linck

Semiconductor Manufacturing I

Effective Simulation Model Reuse: A Case Study for AMHS Modeling 979 Gerald T. Mackulak, Frederick P. Lawrence and Theron Colvin

Effective Implementation of Cycle Time Reduction Strategies for Semiconductor Back-End Manufacturing 985 Joerg Domaschke, Steven Brown, Jennifer Robinson and Franz Leibl

Implementing the Theory of Constraints Philosophy in Highly Reentrant Systems 993 Clay Rippenhagen and Shekar Krishnaswamy

Semiconductor Manufacturing II

WJP Evolution of a Semiconductor Factory after a Bottleneck Workcenter Breakdown 997 Oliver Rose

Integrating Targeted Cycle-Time Reduction into the Capital Planning Process 1005 Navdeep S. Grewal, Alvin C. Bruska, Timbur M. Wulf and Jennifer K. Robinson

A Rapid Modeling Technique for Measurable Improvements in Factory Performance 1011 Andreas Peikert, Josef Thoma and Steven Brown

Semiconductor Manufacturing HI

Validation and Verification of the Simulation Model of a Photolithography Process in Semiconductor Manufacturing 1017 Nirupama Nayani and Mansooreh Mollaghasemi

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Contents

Incorporating Environmental Issues in a Filament Winding Composite Manufacturing System Simulation 1023 Dawn K. Russell, Phillip A. Farrington, Sherri L. Messimer and James J. Swain Simulation-Based Production Control in the Semiconductor Industry , „. 1029 Matthias Thiel, Roland Schulz and Peter Gmilkowsky

Panel: Semiconductor Manufacturing

Operational Modeling and Simulation in Semiconductor Manufacturing 1035 John W. Fowler, Michael C. Fu, Lee W. Schruben, Steven Brown, Frank Chance, Sean Cunningham, Courtland Hilton, Mam Janakiram, Rick Stafford and James Hutchby

Material Handling Systems

Modeling a Controlled Conveyor Network with Merging Configuration 1041 Gary Gang Jing, W. David Kelton, Jos6 C. Arantes and Ali A. Houshmand

Warehouse Design through Dynamic Simulation 1049 MarkKosfeld Emulation of a Material Delivery System 1055 Todd LeBaron and Kelly Thompson

• -

General Manufacturing : - ; • - - •

Use of Simulation in Optimization of Maintenance Policies 1061 Farhad Azadivar and J. Victor Shu Making Simulation More Accessible in Manufacturing Systems through a 'Four Phase' Approach 1069 Hamad I. Odhabi, Ray J. Paul and Robert D. Macredie

. . -i • - . . . - . - . • ' • ' • • *

Transportation Applications

Street and Highway Traffic I

Development and Application of a Validation Framework for Traffic Simulation Models 1079 Lei Rao, Larry Owen and David Goldsman „

Discrete Event Simulation Experiments and Geographic Information Systems in Congestion Management Planning ............ ; , 1087 Roy Brooks Wiley and Thomas K. Keyser

Traffic Simulation Based on the High Level Architecture ,. 1095 Ulrich Klein, Thomas Schulze and Steffen Straßburger vi

Airport and Airspace I

Avoiding the Blues for Airline Travelers 1105 Jane L. Snowdon, Soad El-Taji, Mario Montevecchi, Edward MacNair, C. Adam Callery and Scott Miller • Modeling Curbside Vehicular Traffic at Airports 1113 Cenk Tunasar, Gloria Bender and Holland Young Washington Dulles International Airport Passenger Conveyance Study 1119 Robert G. Kyle, Jr.

Rail Applications

Application of Simulation Models in Capacity Constrained Rail Corridors 1125 Robert H. Leilich

Network Simulation of a Major Railroad 1135 Myron Lewellen and Kerim Tumay

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Contents

The Use of Simulation in the Planning of the Dutch Railway Services 1139 Jurjen S. Hooghiemstra and Maurice J.G. Teunisse

Street and Highway Traffic II

Evaluating Adaptive Signal Control Using CORSIM 1147 Charles Stallard and Larry E. Owen

Application of a General Particle System Model to Movement of Pedestrians and Vehicles 1155 Lisa A. Schaefer, Gerald T. Mackulak, Jeffery Cochran and Jennifer L. Cherilla

Field Applications of CORSIM: 1-40 Freeway Design Evaluation, Oklahoma City, OK 1161 Gene Daigle, Michelle Thomas and Meenakshy Vasudevan

PANEL: Transportation Applications

Toward Increased Use of Simulation in Transportation '.. 1169 Daniel T. Brunner, Gary Cross, Catherine McGhee, Jack Levis and Dudley Whitney

Airport and Airspace II

Simulation Optimization of Air Traffic Delay Cost 1177 Nathan L. Kleinman, Stacy D. Hill and Victor A. Ilenda

Developing a Simulation Strategy for British Airways OR 1183 Stewart Robinson and Mark D. Stanger

Parallel Simulation for Aviation Applications 1191 Frederick Wieland

Logistics and Distribution I

Simulation Applied to Theme Park Management 1199 Roland Mielke, Adham Zahralddin, Damanjit Padam and Thomas Mastaglio

Application of Real-Time Simulation to Assign Due Dates on Logistic-Manufacturing Networks 1205 Alex J. Ruiz-Torres and Kazuo Nakatani

Challenges in Modeling Demand for Inventory Optimization of Slow-Moving Items 1211 Frank Grange

Ports and Ship Movement

Simulation of an Inland Waterway Barge Fleet Distribution Network 1219 Julian A. Swedish

The Future of Maritime Facility Designs and Operations 1223 Nora K. Ryan

Panama Canal Simulation Model 1229 Javad Golkar, Amit Shekhar and Sai Buddhavarapu

Logistics and Distribution II

A Practical Module-Based Simulation Model for Transportation-Inventory Systems 1239 Soemon Takakuwa

Using Simulation to Optimize a Horizontal Carousel Storage System 1247 Todd LeBaron and Michael L. Hoffman

Simulation of a Large-Scale Brewery Distribution System 1255 IC: Heinz Weigl

ftö .v:-.. .... • .>.'.--• . . . , ;

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Contents

Healthcare & Engineering Applications

Advanced Modeling of Construction Operations

Earthmover - Simulation Tool for Earthwork Planning 1263 Julio C. Martinez

The Use of Simulation for Construction Elements Manufacturing 1273 Katy Vern and Ali Gunal

Belief Networks in Construction Simulation , 1279 BrendaMcCabe

Project Level Simulation in Construction

Project Scheduling Using State-Based Probabilistic Decision Networks 1287 Photios G. Ioannou and Julio C. Martinez

Material Supply Simulation for Off Shore Pipelaying Construction 1297 Demos C. Angelides

Modeling and Simulation of Public Housing Construction in Hong Kong 1305 Jonathan Jinsheng Shi, S.X. Zeng and CM. Tarn

Construction Applications

Simulation of Large Precast Operations 1311 Edmundo Balbontin-Bravo

Simulation Based Construction Management Learning System 1319 Anil Sawhney and Andre1 Mund

Integrating Neural Networks with Special Purpose Simulation 1325 Dany Hajjar, Simaan AbouRizk and Kevin Mather

Business Process Simulation I: Issues *

Are Business Managers and Non-Technical Consultants Ready for Low-Cost Discrete-Event Simulation? A Survey of Users — 1333 Mark Stanford and Robert Graham The Effects of Complexity on Business Processes Reengineering: Values and Limitations of Modeling and Simulation Technologies 1339 Mohsen M. Fathee, Ray Redd, Darcy Gorgas and Batoul Modarres

Customer Interfacing - Lessons Learned 1347 David M. Ferrin and Richard P. Lavecchia

Business Process Simulation II: Practice

Granularity, Affordability and Utility in Business Process Simulation 1351 Mark Grabau and Frank Grange

Application of Business Process Modeling at Timberland 1357 DanGrosz

Business Process Modelling and Analysis Using Discrete-Event Simulation 1363 Vlatka Hlupic and Stewart Robinson

Enterprise Simulation I: Simulation of the Supply

The Value of Simulation in Modeling Supply Chains 1371 Ricki G. Ingalls

An Integration Test-Bed System for Supply Chain Management 1377 Shigeki Umeda and Albert Jones

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Experience Using the IBM Supply Chain Simulator 1387 Sugato Bagchi, Stephen J. Buckley, Marcus Ettl and Grace Y. Lin

Enterprise Simulation II: Tools and Architectures

Using Simulation in Call Centers 1395 Vivek Bapat and Eddie B. Pruitte, Jr. Integrated Modeling and Analysis Generator Environment (IMAGE): A Decision Support Tool 1401 Dursun Delen, Perakath C. Benjamin and Madhav Erraguntla Enterprise Architecture for Business Process Simulation 1409 Ali Bahrami, Deborah Sadowski and Soheila Bahrami

Clinical Health Care Simulation

Mobile Robot Simulation of Clinical Laboratory Deliveries 1 1415 Manuel D. Rossetti, Amit Kumar and Robin A. Felder Heuristic Optimization Using Computer Simulation: A Study of Staffing Levels in a Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Laboratory 1423 Tom Brady and Bernard McGarvey

Birth of a New Maternity Process 1429 William C. Johnson

Health Care Simulation Issues

' Verification and Validation and Complex Environments: A Study in Service Sector 1433 Roger Jenkins, Yogesh Deshpande and Graydon Davison Reducing Inter-Organizational Barriers in the Medical Sector with Simulation 1441 Mark D. Hermans, Joost M. Sluijs and Hannie Aartsen

General Applications

Innovative Representations of Simulation Models 1, •

ALibrary of Reusable Model Components for Visual Simulation of the NCSTRL System 1451 Osman Balci, Cengiz Ulusara?, Poorav Shah and Edward A. Fox Array-Driven Simulation of Real Databases 1461 William S. Keezer

Evaluation of a Prototype Visualization for Distributed Simulations 1469 James H. Graham, Man S. Karachiwala and Adel S. Elmaghraby

Simulation Analysis Methodologies

The Balanced Likelihood Ratio Method for Estimating Performance Measures of Highly Reliable Systems 1479 Christos Alexopoulos and Bruce Shultes

Time Segmentation Parallel Simulation of Tandem Queues with Manufacturing Blocking 1487 Mehdi Hoseyni-Nasab and Sigrün Andradöttir Accelerated Simulation for Pricing Asian Options 1493 Felisa J. Vazquez-Abad and Daniel Dufresne

Contemporary Applications

Simulation Case Studies in the Print/Finish Industry 1501 Tim Curran, D. Michelle Benjamin and Sue Austin

Discrete Time Simulation of an Equipment Rental Business 1505 R. Alan Bowman, Ira J. Haimowitz, Robert M. Mattheyses, A. Yonca Özge and Mary C. Phillips

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Contents

Using Simulation with a Logit Choice Model to Assess the Commercial Feasibility of an Advanced Environmental Technology 1513 Paul J. Kauffmann

Productivity Improvement

Multi-Factor Analysis of Firm-Level Performance through Feed-Forward, Feed-Back Relationships 1519 Young H. Park and David M. Miller

The Use of Simulation in Facility Layout Design: A Practical Consulting Experience 1527 Emmanuel S. Eneyo and Gertrude P. Pannirselvam -> :r

Risk Analysis of Robust System Design 1533 E.G.A. Gaury and J.P.C. Kleijnen

The Growing Impact of Simulation

An Expert Systems Approach to Simulating the Human Decision Maker 1541 Stewart Robinson, John S. Edwards and Wu Yongfa The Process of Adoption 1547 Roger Jenkins and Ross Chapman

Parallel Discrete Event Simulation

Building Parallell Time-Constrained HLA Federates: A Case Study with the Parsec Parallel Simulation Language 1555 CongDuc Pham and Rajive L. Bagrodia

Unsynchronized Parallel Discrete Event Simulation 1563 Dhananjai Madhava Rao, Narayanan V. Thondugulam, Radharamanan Radhakrishnan and Philip A. Wilsey Communicating Structures for Modeling Large-Scale Systems 1571 Vadim E. Kotov

Simulation Applications in Healthcare

Simulation Used in Conjunction with Randomised Control Trials to Evaluate the Costs and Benefits of a New Drug . 1579 Ruth Davies and Paul Roderick

Modeling Cardiac Ion Channel Conductivity: Model Fitting via Simulation r 1587 John L. Maryak, Richard H. Smith and Raimond L. Winslow

Special Topics in Simulation

Implementations of Dispatch Rules in Parallel Manufacturing Simulation 1591 Chu-Cheow Lim, Yoke-Hean Low, Boon-Ping Gan and Sanjay Jain Architecture for a Non-Deterministic Simulation Machine 1599 Marc Bumble and Lee Coraor Simulating Haul Durations for Linear Scheduling .„....,., 1607 David J. Harmelink and Maria Andrea Bernal

Simulation Applications in Telecommunications

Estimates of Multicarrier CDMA System Capacity 1615 Tony Dean, Phil Fleming and Alexander Stolyar A Study of Self-Adjusting Quality of Service Control Schemes ,...,.. ..1623 Sheng-Tzong Cheng, Chi-Ming Chen and Ing-Ray Chen Interference Radius in PCS Radio Resource Management Simulations 1629 Michael Liljenstam and Rassul Ayani

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Contents

Simulation in the 21 s t Century

Web-Based Simulation Applications

Evaluation of Electronic Cash Threat Scenarios Using Micro Dynamic Simulation 1641 Kazuo Ezawa, Gregory Napiorkowski and Mariusz Kossarski

Web-Based Simulation Experiments 1649 Enver Yiicesan, Chun Hung Chen and Insup Lee

Coordinating Order Processing In Decentralized Production Units Using Hierarchical Simulation Models and Web-Technologies 1655 W.E. Lulay and G. Reinhart

High-Level Architecture

The Rise of Web-Based Simulation: Implications for the High Level Architecture 1663 Ernest H. Page

Internet-Based Simulation Using Off-The-Shelf Simulation Tools and HLA 1669 Steffen Straßburger, Thomas Schulze, Ulrich Klein and James Henriksen

The Virtual M&S Lyceum: A Consortium for Modeling and Simulation Technology 1677 Steven D. Farr and Alex F. Sisti

PANEL- Simulation in the 21st Century

The Future of Simulation Software: A Panel Discussion 1681 Jerry Banks

Simulation Based Optimization Applications

Optimization and Analysis of Performance in Simulation 1689 Mark Pool and Richard Stafford

Simulation Optimization Research and Development 1693 Royce Bowden and John D. Hall

Java-Based Simulation

JavaBean-based Simulation With a Decision Making Bean 1699 Miki Fukunari, Yu-liang Chi and Philip M. Wolfe

Web-Based Diagnosis of Model Specifications 1703 E. Joseph Derrick

The Future of Java-based Simulation 1707 Richard A. Kilgore, Kevin J. Healy and George B. Kleindorfer

Embedded Simulation

Integrating Simulation Based Scheduling with MES in a Semi-Conductor Fab 1713 Douglas G. Watt

Simulation Software Component Architecture for Simulation-Based Enterprise Applications 1717

Charles R. Harrell and Donald A. Hicks

Author Index 1723

Author Directory 1729

xix